CN101356892B - Medium pollen, preparation method and use thereof - Google Patents
Medium pollen, preparation method and use thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101356892B CN101356892B CN2008100589684A CN200810058968A CN101356892B CN 101356892 B CN101356892 B CN 101356892B CN 2008100589684 A CN2008100589684 A CN 2008100589684A CN 200810058968 A CN200810058968 A CN 200810058968A CN 101356892 B CN101356892 B CN 101356892B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a medium pollen, a preparation method and the application thereof. The preparation method is as follows: tobacco male parent anther is collected and aired to cause the anther to loose power, a 50 mesh sieve is used for sieving out pollen and pollen sac, the pollen sac is collected, dried at 40-50 DEG C for 20-24 hours, and ground into powder; the pollen sac powder and the pure tobacco pollen are mixed evenly according to 1:1-4 of volume ratio, and the required medium pollen is obtained. The medium pollen is dipped by a cotton swab or a brush pen and applied to the female parent tobacco flower column head for artificial pollination. The use of the medium pollen improves effective utilization ratio of the tobacco pollen, decreases application amount of the pure pollen, saves manpower and material resources for collecting pollen, decreases planting area of the tobacco male parents, and lowers production cost of seed production by hybridization. The popularization and application of the preparation method thereof have good economic benefit and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the artificial pollination technical field, relate to the artificial supplementary pollination of tobacco hybrid seeding, particularly relate to a kind of medium pollen that utilizes the tobacco pollen capsule to prepare.The invention still further relates to the preparation method and the application of this medium pollen simultaneously.
Background technology
In the work of tobacco male sterile line hybrid seeding, artificial pollination is an important and requisite job.The pollen amount of tobacco male parent is few, gathers difficulty, and the pollen collection is the work that cost is high in the production.At present, use the pure pollen of tobacco to carry out artificial pollination in tobacco male sterile line hybrid seeding process, but the pollen consumption of this method is big, the pollen effective rate of utilization is low, and cost is too high.The tobacco male sterile line kind cultivated area of China is big, required seed is many, therefore, how to guarantee under the prerequisite of successfully pollinating, improve the effective rate of utilization of tobacco pollen, reduce pure pollen consumption, reduce production costs, reach simultaneously and reduce the male parent cultivated area, increase the planting of maternal area, increase seed production, improve the purpose of the good numerous economic benefit of seed, just become the very urgent hope of tobacco hybrid seeding worker.
In the artificial pollination process, to use different media and carry out the consumption that supplementary pollination can reduce pure pollen as the pollen incremental agent, this has had some researchs on crops such as vegetables, fruit tree.For example strong grade of Song Zhi is mixed with into medium pollen by a certain percentage with materials such as powdered glucose, talcum powder and pear pollen, be applied in the artificial pollination work in theatre, and obtained certain effect (the forestry practical technique, 2007,2:7-8).At present, the research to medium pollen both at home and abroad mainly concentrates on the fruit tree, but the correlative study on tobacco yet there are no report.
Tobacco pollen can produce a large amount of pollen sac in gatherer process, the pollen sac after these loose powder usually is taken as offal treatment.In fact, pollen sac and the pollen of tobacco have autoploidy, if prepare medium pollen with pollen sac as the pollen incremental agent, can not have a negative impact to the pollen vigor, should be able to obtain effect preferably, but do not see as yet in the prior art that relevant report is arranged.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of medium pollen is provided,, reduce the usage amount of pure pollen, reduce breeding cost with instead of pure pollen.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of method for preparing described medium pollen.
The present invention also aims to provide the application of described medium pollen in tobacco hybrid seeding supplementary pollination.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
A kind of medium pollen is characterized in that: tobacco paternal pollen capsule is pulverized, and mix with the volume ratio of tobacco paternal pollen by 1:1～4, promptly obtain required medium pollen.
Prepare the method for described medium pollen, may further comprise the steps:
1, gather tobacco male parent flower pesticide, dry and make its loose powder, sift out pollen and pollen sac with 50 mesh sieve, collection pollen is standby; Collect pollen sac and dried 20～24 hours down in 40 ℃～50 ℃, it is standby to pulverize;
2, pollen sac powder and the pure pollen of the tobacco volume ratio by 1:1～4 is mixed, promptly obtain required medium pollen.
The application of described medium pollen in tobacco artificial pollination is specially: pick described medium pollen with cotton swab or writing brush and be applied on the maternal fireworks column cap, carry out the hybrid seeding artificial pollination.
Wherein, standby pure pollen of tobacco and pollen sac powder are preferably preserved at 4 ℃ of condition lower seals.
Has following advantage with respect to prior art the present invention: prove through continuous 3 years field experiment, the use of tobacco pollen capsule medium pollen does not have influence to tobacco field percentage of fertile fruit and every capsule seed number, germination to seed does not have negative effect yet, thereby has guaranteed hybrid seed yield and seed quality.The use of this medium pollen has simultaneously improved the effective rate of utilization of tobacco pollen, has reduced the usage amount of pure pollen, has saved pollen and has gathered used manpower and materials, has reduced the cultivated area of tobacco male parent, has reduced the production cost of hybrid seeding.Applying of this technology has good economy and society benefit.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but they are not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Selected model field is positioned at Xishuangbanna, Yunnan China Tobacco Seed Yuxi Co., Ltd. production of hybrid seeds base.The tobacco seedling mode adopts floating seedlings, and Cheng Miaohou transplants the land for growing field crops.Field planting density is: line-spacing 1.2m, spacing in the rows 0.5m.
Carry out the field on 10 mu of ground implements in production of hybrid seeds base.2 mu of male parent fields as MS cloud and mist 87 wherein, all the other 8 mu of female parents that are used to plant MS cloud and mist 87.Gather the flower pesticide of MS cloud and mist 87 male parents in the field, dry and make its loose powder, sift out pollen and pollen sac, collect pollen, preserve standby at 4 ℃ of lower seals with 50 mesh sieve.Collect pollen sac and dried 24 hours down in 40 ℃, pulverize, 4 ℃ of lower seals storages are standby.The pure pollen of pollen sac powder and the MS cloud and mist 87 male parents volume ratio by 1:2 is mixed, be mixed with required medium pollen.
Embodiment 2
Carry out the field on 10 mu of ground implements in production of hybrid seeds base.2 mu of male parent fields as MSK326 wherein, all the other 8 mu of female parents that are used to plant MSK326.Gather the flower pesticide of MSK326 male parent in the field, dry and make its loose powder, sift out pollen and pollen sac, collect pollen, preserve standby at 4 ℃ of lower seals with 50 mesh sieve.Collect pollen sac and dried 24 hours down in 40 ℃, pulverize, 4 ℃ of lower seals storages are standby.The pure pollen of pollen sac powder and the MSK326 male parent volume ratio by 1:2 is mixed, be mixed with required medium pollen.
Embodiment 3
Carry out the field on 10 mu of ground implements in production of hybrid seeds base.2 mu of male parent fields as MS cloud and mist 85 wherein, all the other 8 mu of female parents that are used to plant MS cloud and mist 85.Gather the flower pesticide of MS cloud and mist 85 male parents in the field, dry and make its loose powder, sift out pollen and pollen sac, collect pollen, preserve standby at 4 ℃ of lower seals with 50 mesh sieve.Collect pollen sac and dried 24 hours down in 40 ℃, pulverize, 4 ℃ of lower seals storages are standby.The pure pollen of pollen sac powder and the MS cloud and mist 85 male parents volume ratio by 1:2 is mixed, be mixed with required medium pollen.
Embodiment 4～6
Repeat embodiment 1～3, following difference is arranged: the mixing ratio of pollen sac powder and pure pollen is 1:3.
Embodiment 7～9
Repeat embodiment 1～3, following difference is arranged: the mixing ratio of pollen sac powder and pure pollen is 1:4.
Embodiment 10～12
Repeat embodiment 1～3, following difference is arranged: the mixing ratio of pollen sac powder and pure pollen is 1:1.
Embodiment 13
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: pollen sac was dried 20 hours down in 50 ℃.
Application Example 1
Pick cloud and mist 87 that embodiment 1 and 2 makes and the medium pollen of K326 with cotton swab or writing brush, be applied in respectively on the column cap of the maternal fireworks of MS cloud and mist 87 and MSK326, carry out artificial pollination.The field capsule is brown gathers after ripe, and it is selected to adopt the selection by winnowing mode that seed is carried out, and removes shrivelled seed and various impurity, dries (water content is less than 7.0%), room temperature storage.Add up every mu of seed average yield, carry out germination test under indoor 25 ℃, statistics germination vigor and germination rate.The result shows that after the pollination of working medium pollen, average every mu of seed production of MS cloud and mist 87 and MSK326 reaches 8.99kg and 10.15kg respectively, and potentiality of seed all reaches more than 91.0%, and germination rate reaches more than 95.0%.(adopt pure pollen to pollinate with contrast ratio, every mu of seed average yield of MS cloud and mist 87 and MSK326 is respectively 8.68kg and 9.85kg, and germination vigor reaches more than 91.0%, and germination rate is more than 95.0%), per mu yield has improved 3.6% and 3.0% respectively, and seed quality is then higher equally.As seen, utilize pollen sac powder medium pollen to come the production of hybrid seeds, not only improved hybrid seed yield, and saved the pollen usage amount.Adopt 100 of powder recruitments by one mu of male parent field, 30 yuan of meters of every worker's wage, the recruitment wage of gathering pollen is 3000 yuan.After the medium pollen of use 1:2 ratio carries out hybrid seeding, promptly guaranteed tobacco seed output and quality, saved 1/3 pollen consumption again, adopted powder recruitment wage for every mu and can save 1000 yuan.
Application Example 2
Pick the cloud and mist 87 that embodiment 4 and 6 makes and the medium pollen of cloud and mist 85 with cotton swab or writing brush, be applied in respectively on the column cap of MS cloud and mist 87 and MS cloud and mist 85 maternal fireworks, carry out artificial pollination.The field capsule is brown gathers after ripe, and it is selected to adopt the selection by winnowing mode that seed is carried out, and removes shrivelled seed and various impurity, dries (water content is less than 7.0%), room temperature storage.Add up every mu of seed average yield, carry out germination test under indoor 25 ℃, statistics germination vigor and germination rate.The result shows that after the pollination of working medium pollen, average every mu of seed production of MS cloud and mist 87 and MS cloud and mist 85 reaches 8.85kg and 10.17kg respectively, and potentiality of seed all reaches more than 91.0%, and germination rate reaches more than 95.0%.(adopt pure pollen to pollinate with contrast ratio, every mu of seed average yield of MS cloud and mist 87 and MS cloud and mist 85 is respectively 8.71kg and 9.85kg, and germination vigor reaches more than 91.0%, and germination rate is more than 95.0%), per mu yield has improved 1.6% and 3.2% respectively, and seed quality is then higher equally.As seen, utilize pollen sac powder medium pollen to come the production of hybrid seeds, not only improved hybrid seed yield, and saved the pollen usage amount.Adopt 100 of powder recruitments by one mu of male parent field, 30 yuan of meters of every worker's wage, the recruitment wage of gathering pollen is 3000 yuan.After the medium pollen of use 1:3 ratio carries out hybrid seeding, promptly guaranteed tobacco seed output and quality, saved 1/4 pollen consumption again, adopted powder recruitment wage for every mu and can save 750 yuan.
Claims (5)
1. a medium pollen is characterized in that: tobacco paternal pollen capsule is pulverized, and mix with the volume ratio of tobacco paternal pollen by 1:1～4, promptly obtain required medium pollen.
2. prepare the method for the described medium pollen of claim 1, may further comprise the steps:
(1) gather tobacco male parent flower pesticide, dry and make its loose powder, sift out pollen and pollen sac with 50 mesh sieve, collection pollen is standby; Collect pollen sac and dried 20～24 hours down in 40 ℃～50 ℃, it is standby to pulverize;
(2) pollen sac powder and the pure pollen of the tobacco volume ratio by 1:1～4 is mixed, promptly obtain required medium pollen.
3. the preparation method of medium pollen according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: pure pollen of standby tobacco and pollen sac powder are preserved at 4 ℃ of condition lower seals.
4. the application of the described medium pollen of claim 1 in tobacco artificial pollination.
5. the application of medium pollen according to claim 4, its concrete grammar is: pick described medium pollen with cotton swab or writing brush and be applied on the maternal fireworks column cap, carry out artificial pollination.
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| CN2008100589684A CN101356892B (en) | 2008-09-26 | 2008-09-26 | Medium pollen, preparation method and use thereof |
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| CN2008100589684A CN101356892B (en) | 2008-09-26 | 2008-09-26 | Medium pollen, preparation method and use thereof |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102124942B (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2012-07-04 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Tobacco pollen medium as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102204509B (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2012-11-28 | 四川省烟草公司达州市公司 | Method for pollen collecting and pollinating in tobacco hybrid seed production |
| CN103539507B (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2015-04-01 | 四川省烟草公司凉山州公司 | Pollen starch culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN104429921B (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2016-08-24 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of Kiwi fruit pollen mixture and its preparation method and application |
| CN109757357B (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2021-10-29 | 南京农业大学 | Water lily hybridization method |
| CN113785769B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2022-06-14 | 中国烟草总公司贵州省公司 | Method for obtaining filial generation of cultivated tobacco and floral tobacco |
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Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| G.R.格温.烟草花粉的长期保存.中国烟草科学.1981,(01),46. * |
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