CN101348744A - 不含硅氧烷的切削油及其用途 - Google Patents

不含硅氧烷的切削油及其用途 Download PDF

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CN101348744A
CN101348744A CNA200810136009XA CN200810136009A CN101348744A CN 101348744 A CN101348744 A CN 101348744A CN A200810136009X A CNA200810136009X A CN A200810136009XA CN 200810136009 A CN200810136009 A CN 200810136009A CN 101348744 A CN101348744 A CN 101348744A
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machining oil
polyalkylene glycol
weight
polyurethane foam
oil
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T·亨宁
A·金德林
R·兰德斯
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Evonik Operations GmbH
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Abstract

本发明涉及切削油，其包含A)至少一种聚亚烷基二醇和B)任选的溶剂及C)任选的其它辅助材料和添加剂，及其用于锯切聚氨酯泡沫的用途。

Description

不含硅氧烷的切削油及其用途
本发明涉及不含硅氧烷的切削油(silicone-free cutting oil)及其在带锯设备(bandsaw equipment)(例如在锯切聚氨酯块状泡沫(polyurethane slabstockfoams))中的用途，以及具有这种聚氨酯泡沫部件的家具制品的生产，其在燃烧测试中表现出良好的结果。
锯切设备需要切削油，以减小锯条或锯带与待分离体之间的摩擦。例如，带锯设备用于加工聚氨酯块状泡沫。锯和聚氨酯泡沫之间的摩擦非常高，因此切削油是必需的。
一般使用的切削油是硅油，例如在25℃时测量的粘度为5-1000mPa·s的聚二甲基硅氧烷。在切削聚氨酯泡沫部件时常常对防火有很高的要求，特别是将泡沫部件进一步加工制成家具制品(如床垫或坐椅家具)时。研究发现，使用含有硅氧烷的切削油制备的泡沫部件在燃烧测试中结果不佳。
因此本发明的目标是提供另一种聚氨酯块状泡沫的切削油，该切削油对使用这种切削油的聚氨酯泡沫部件的燃烧测试的结果如果有不利影响，也优选仅限于低的程度。
出人意料地发现，聚亚烷基二醇可以用作切削油或者用于切削油中，这些包含聚亚烷基二醇，任选的溶剂及任选的其它辅助材料和添加剂的切削油实现了本发明的目标。
根据本发明，聚亚烷基二醇用作切削油或用于切削油中，以及切削油本身的使用具有如下优点，发现本发明的不含硅氧烷的切削油在润滑性方面与传统硅油相当，但燃烧性能明显更好。
本发明的切削油以及它们的用途将通过以下实施例来描述，但本发明并不局限于这些示例实施方案。下面提到范围、通式或化合物类时，它们不仅包括明确提到的合适的范围或化合物组，而且包括所有通过选择单独值(范围)或化合物得到的子区域和化合物的分组。当本发明说明书中引用文献时，它们的内容应全部并入本发明的公开内容中。
因此，本发明提供了不含硅氧烷的切削油，其优选地基本包含：
A)至少一种聚亚烷基二醇和
B)任选的溶剂及
C)任选的其它辅助材料和添加剂。
在本发明的上下文中，不含硅氧烷应理解为指不存在具有Si-C或Si-O-C键的化合物。
优选地，所述切削油包含或者优选地组成为：
A)1-100重量％的聚亚烷基二醇和
B)0-99重量％的溶剂及
C)0-50重量％的其它辅助材料和添加剂。
所述切削油优选包含或组成为：
A)1-99.98重量％的至少一种聚亚烷基二醇和
B)0.01-98重量％的至少一种溶剂和/或
C)0.01-50重量％的至少一种辅助材料和/或添加剂。
所述切削油更优选包含或组成为：
A)1-99.8重量％的至少一种聚亚烷基二醇和
B)0.1-98重量％的至少一种溶剂和/或
C)0.1-50重量％的至少一种辅助材料和/或添加剂。
本发明的切削油中的聚亚烷基二醇优选为环氧乙烷/环氧丙烷共聚物，其优选可通过共聚环氧乙烷(EO)和环氧丙烷(PO)与多元醇得到。
本发明的切削油优选包含聚亚烷基二醇，聚亚烷基二醇使用甘油、三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、双甘油、三甘油、双三羟甲基丙烷、二季戊四醇或山梨糖醇作为初始多元醇制备获得，最优选季戊四醇。
本发明的切削油中的聚亚烷基二醇的EO/PO重量比为80∶20-40∶60，优选为80∶20-70∶30，更优选为75∶25。
聚亚烷基二醇的平均摩尔质量优选为2000-30000g/mol，更优选为3500-20000g/mol，最优选为5000-7500g/mol。
本发明的切削油中的聚亚烷基二醇优选可与水按任意比率混合。
本发明的切削油中的聚亚烷基二醇例如可以为市售的聚亚烷基二醇，例如购自Clariant的Polyglykol P41/300、Polyglykol P41/3000或PolyglykolP41/12000。
本发明的切削油中的聚亚烷基二醇(经常也称作聚氧化烯(polyoxyalkylene))可以通过现有技术中的描述来制备，比如，在Ullmann’sencyclopedia of industrial chemistry，Vol.A21，5th completely revised edition1992，VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH，Weinheim，579到589页中以及其中引用的文献。聚亚烷基二醇优选在强碱催化下制备，更优选以季戊四醇作为初始醇。
由于聚亚烷基二醇即使在非常低的浓度下仍表现出优异的润滑性，所以切削油和聚亚烷基二醇还可以包含一种或多种溶剂。所述切削油优选包含1-99重量％的溶剂，优选为50-90重量％的B)。优选的溶剂是水。
与聚亚烷基二醇和任选的溶剂一样，本发明的切削油可以包含一种或多种辅助材料和/或添加剂C)。优选的辅助材料和/或添加剂C)可以是传统的防腐剂(如杀菌剂或杀真菌剂)，比如
Figure A20081013600900061
100，供应商：Schülke & Mayr，或
Figure A20081013600900062
K 12，供应商：Troy；抗氧化剂，比如
Figure A20081013600900063
1520L，生产商：Ciba，或丁基羟基茴香醚；胺类，如三乙醇胺，和防腐蚀剂，比如
Figure A20081013600900064
IT，生产商：Clariant.
特别优选的切削油包含或组成为：
A)50-99.9重量％，尤其是95-99.9重量％的至少一种聚亚烷基二醇和
C)0.1-5重量％的至少一种胺，优选三乙醇胺。
非常特别优选的切削油包含或组成为：
A)99.0-99.8重量％的聚亚烷基二醇和
C)0.2-1.0重量％的至少一种胺，优选三乙醇胺。
本发明进一步提供了本发明的切削油用于锯切设备中，优选带锯设备中，更优选用于锯切聚氨酯泡沫或聚氨酯块状泡沫的带锯设备中的用途。
本发明还提供了使用本发明的切削油，通过锯切，尤其是带锯切割聚氨酯泡沫得到的切成一定尺寸的(cut-to-size)的聚氨酯泡沫部件，以及本发明的切成一定尺寸的的聚氨酯泡沫部件用于生产具有良好燃烧性质的制品，以生产家具产品，尤其是用于生产具有良好燃烧性质的家具产品的用途。良好的燃烧性质应理解为聚氨酯泡沫部件可以通过ASTM D 1692(燃烧距离不超过125mm)的燃烧测试。
在下面引证的实施例中，本发明通过实施例来描述，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于实施例中的实施方式。本发明的保护范围从说明书整体和权利要求书中可以明显看出。
实施例：
所用物质清单：
-Polyglykol P 41/300＝聚亚烷基二醇，平均摩尔质量5000，生产商：Clariant
-Polyglykol P 41/3000＝聚亚烷基二醇，平均摩尔质量15000，生产商：Clariant
-Polyglykol P 41/12000＝聚亚烷基二醇，平均摩尔质量20000，生产商：Clariant
-
Figure A20081013600900071
Siliconoel AK 100＝聚二甲基硅氧烷，25℃时粘度：96mPa·s，生产商：Wacker
实施例1：
本发明的切削油，不含硅氧烷，由99.5重量％的Polyglykol P 41/300、0.5重量％的三乙醇胺组成。
实施例2：
本发明的切削油，不含硅氧烷，由49.5重量％的Polyglykol P 41/3000、50重量％的水、0.5重量％的三乙醇胺组成。
实施例3：
本发明的切削油，不含硅氧烷，由10重量％的Polyglykol P 41/12000、89.5重量％的水、0.5重量％的三乙醇胺组成。
比较实施例A：
100重量％的Siliconoel AK 100.
锯切测试：
通过使用浸透的布摩擦带锯的锯带，从而用特定的切削油涂覆锯带，然后测定粘弹性块状泡沫由于锯切时过高的摩擦而开始断裂之前的可能的锯切操作的次数。
根据ASTM D 1692的燃烧测试：
用实施例的切削油(每种情况下约10g)喷涂特定尺寸(150mm×50mm×13mm)的泡沫部件，并在室温下干燥48h。ASTM D 1692燃烧测试结果以燃烧距离说明(最大：125mm)(表1)，其中测试试样水平放置在筛网(screen)上方，火焰在下方燃烧60秒。
表1：锯切测试和燃烧测试结果
  分离剂   可能的切削次数   ASTM D 1692结果距离(mm)
  1   8   102
  2   8   110
  3   7   120
  A   8   ＞125，测试失败
测试评定：
从上表1可以明显的看出，使用与根据本发明的不含硅氧烷的切削油在润滑性方面与传统有机硅油相当，但在ASTM D 1692的燃烧测试中表现出明显更好的性质。

Claims (11)

1.不含硅氧烷的切削油，其包含
A)至少一种聚亚烷基二醇和
B)任选的溶剂及
C)任选的其它辅助材料和添加剂。
2.权利要求1的切削油，其组成为
A)1-100重量％的聚亚烷基二醇和
B)0-99重量％的溶剂及
C)0-50重量％的其它辅助材料和添加剂。
3.权利要求1或2的切削油，其包含至少一种EO/PO重量比为80∶20-40∶60的聚亚烷基二醇。
4.权利要求1到3中至少一项的切削油，其特征在于其含有至少一种平均摩尔质量为2000-30000的聚亚烷基二醇。
5.权利要求1到4中至少一项的切削油，其特征在于其含有至少一种具有甘油、三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、双甘油、三甘油、双三羟甲基丙烷、二季戊四醇或山梨糖醇作为初始多元醇的聚亚烷基二醇。
6.权利要求5的切削油，其特征在于至少一种聚亚烷基二醇具有季戊四醇作为初始多元醇。
7.权利要求1-6中至少一项的切削油用于锯切设备中的用途。
8.权利要求1-6中至少一项的切削油用于锯切聚氨酯泡沫的带锯设备中的用途。
9.切成一定尺寸的的聚氨酯泡沫部件，其通过使用权利要求1-6中至少一项的切削油锯切聚氨酯泡沫得到。
10.权利要求9的切成一定尺寸的的聚氨酯泡沫部件用于生产具有良好燃烧性质的制品的用途。
11.权利要求9的切成一定尺寸的的聚氨酯泡沫部件用于生产家具制品的用途。
CNA200810136009XA 2007-07-18 2008-07-03 不含硅氧烷的切削油及其用途 Pending CN101348744A (zh)

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