CN101348329A - Manufacturing process of furnace transmutation enamel - Google Patents
Manufacturing process of furnace transmutation enamel Download PDFInfo
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- CN101348329A CN101348329A CNA2008100701523A CN200810070152A CN101348329A CN 101348329 A CN101348329 A CN 101348329A CN A2008100701523 A CNA2008100701523 A CN A2008100701523A CN 200810070152 A CN200810070152 A CN 200810070152A CN 101348329 A CN101348329 A CN 101348329A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for manufacturing a kiln transformation glaze porcelain. The manufacture process comprises the steps of blank making, forming, enameling and burning, wherein a carving step is arranged between the enameling step and the burning step; in the invention, inferior porcelain clay and secondary clay, which are abundant, low in price and high in ferrotitanium content, are used as main materials for production of kiln transformation glaze porcelains, by adding rare earth metal elements such as iron-titanium oxide, cerium and cesium, etc., the physical-chemical properties of blank glaze, and produced blank colors and kiln transformation colors of porcelain are mixed, and the color development is simple and natural, the coloring is mild, deep colors and light colors go well with each other, and lines and contours are clear; the invention optimizes the allocation of porcelain resources, fully utilizes unrenewable mineral resources, lowers production cost, improves economic benefits of the ceramic industry and opens up a new path for the supply of porcelain materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of ceramic processing manufacture, particularly a kind of manufacturing process of furnace transmutation enamel.
Background technology
The traditional decoration of Ancient Times in China porcelain making and transmutation technology, it is exhausted to can be rated as the world one.And the selection of china clay is a ring very important in the whole technology in producing porcelain.On traditional ceramics was produced, general Production of Ceramics enterprise custom adopted the lower china clay of ferrotitanium content, because Fe in the base glaze raw material
2O
3The every increase by 0.1% of content, the whiteness of ceramic product will reduce by 1.4 the degree; And Fe
2O
3And TiO
2Total amount is at 0.18～0.57% o'clock, the Fe of every increase by 0.1%
2O
3Or TiO
2, the whiteness of product will reduce by 1.8 degree, so Production of Ceramics enterprise all is considered as material inferior to the higher china clay of ferrotitanium content in order to improve the whiteness of ceramic product, does not generally adopt Fe
2O
3Content＞1%, TiO
2The china clay of content＞0.2%, and also to carry out selectedly for the lower china clay of ferrotitanium content, and removing ironworking through repeated, this has not only caused the idle waste of a large amount of high-Fe-Ti china clay, and has caused the increase of cost of labor.
Adopt higher china clay of ferrotitanium content and secondary clay as the main material production ceramic products, on present data document, also rarely have and mention, and the product produced of technology also exists and is faint in color routinely, shortcomings such as second-rate and poor practicability, therefore, need a kind of technology of using the low-grade china clay of high-Fe-Ti to make furnace transmutation enamel, can adopt ferrotitanium content higher, reserves enrich and cheap china clay inferior and secondary clay is the main material production furnace transmutation enamel, this technology not only can solve the unavailable problem of the idle waste of a large amount of high-Fe-Ti china clay, and do not need china clay is carried out selected and removes ironworking, saved production cost, and the change vitreous enamel of producing is elegant in appearance, practical, have good economic outlook.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the manufacturing process that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of furnace transmutation enamel, employing ferrotitanium content is higher, reserves abundant and cheap china clay inferior and secondary clay is that main material production becomes vitreous enamel, not only can solve the unavailable problem of the idle waste of a large amount of high-Fe-Ti china clay, and do not need china clay is carried out selected and removes ironworking, saved production cost, and the change vitreous enamel of producing is elegant in appearance, practical, have good economic outlook.
The manufacturing process of described furnace transmutation enamel may further comprise the steps:
A. base: choose Fe
2O
3Content greater than 1%, TiO
2Content is greater than 0.2% china clay, and the china clay fragmentation is fine ground, ball milling, press filtration then, and the fineness requirement of ball milling: 10000-hole sieve is surplus between 0.2%～1.0%; Secondary clay is added water, stir, treat after the disintegration to mix, add iron titanium oxide and account for the thulium of total amount below 1.0%, be pressed into base substrate with china clay after the press filtration;
B. enamel frit makeing: 1. make ground-coat enamel: it is fine ground to make the ground-coat enamel raw material crushing, and add iron titanium oxide and add water for ball milling, fineness requirement: 10000-hole sieve is surplus between 0.1%～0.5%, and it is stand-by to stir; 2. make cover-coat enamel: it is fine ground to make the cover-coat enamel raw material crushing, adds to account for the thulium of raw material total mass below 1.0%, and add water for ball milling then, fineness requirement: 10000-hole sieve is surplus between 0.1%～0.5%, and it is stand-by to stir;
C. moulding: base substrate is carried out forming processes according to the design needs;
D. glazing: at normal temperatures, base substrate is left standstill, treat to carry out glazing treatment behind the body drying, with ground-coat enamel dipping or spraying, spray cover-coat enamel more earlier;
E. fire: under 1230 ℃～1250 ℃ temperature, in reducing atmosphere, fire;
Further, after described steps d finishes, also comprise the portrayal step, promptly on base substrate, carry out the portrayal of different levels according to the design needs;
Further, described ground-coat enamel contains Fe
2O
3, TiO
2, K
2O, CaO, MgO, Al
2O
3And SiO
2, Fe wherein
2O
3And TiO
2Content greater than 8%;
Further, the thermal expansivity of base substrate is controlled at 6.2 * 10
-6/ ℃～7.3 * 10
-6/ ℃, the thermal expansivity of ground-coat enamel is controlled at 5.4 * 10
-6/ ℃～6.2 * 10
-6/ ℃, the thermal expansivity of cover-coat enamel is controlled at 5.0 * 10
-6/ ℃～6.0 * 10
-6/ ℃;
Further, in step e, the firing time in reducing atmosphere is 8 hours;
Further, also be added with in the described ground-coat enamel raw material iron powder, titanium dioxide and cobalt oxide any one or multiple;
Further, repeating step d carries out the multilayer glazing;
Further, described firing temperature is 1250 ℃;
Further, also contain Na in the described ground-coat enamel
2O;
Further, among step a and the step b, the thulium of adding comprises lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), lutetium (Lu), scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y) one or more in totally 17 kinds of elements.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: china clay inferior that the present invention adopts that ferrotitanium content is higher, reserves are abundant and cheap and secondary clay are that main material production becomes vitreous enamel, by adding thuliums such as iron titanium oxide, cerium, caesium, change the physical chemistry rerum natura of base glaze, enable to adapt to modern transmutation technology; Ground-coat enamel belongs to K
2O-CaO-MgO-Al
2O
3-SiO
2Quinary system has contained in making full use of raw material on the basis of ferrotitanium, and adding respectively in the ground-coat enamel raw material iron powder, titanium dioxide or cobalt oxide etc. increases tinting strength and base glaze combination degree greatly again; To fire in the reducing atmosphere of base substrate under 1230 ℃～1250 ℃ temperature, because some oxide compounds that add, the ununiformity that in glaze, distributes of ferric oxide particularly, make porcelain present difference on the chemical constitution, produced the different transmutation color of tone, not only make the physicochemical change of project product meet the requirement of technical performance index, and make product reach significant decoration color developing effect; The porcelain base look of producing is alternate with the transmutation color, the colour developing primitive simplicity and nature, and painted soft, light dense coupling is suitable, and outline is clear, makes us being so fond that will not let out of one's hand; The present invention has optimized the ceramic resources configuration, makes full use of non-renewable Mineral resources, has reduced production cost, has improved ceramic Industrial economic benefit, for a new road has been opened up in the ceramic raw material supply.
Other advantages of the present invention, target, to set forth in the following description to a certain extent with feature, and to a certain extent,, perhaps can obtain instruction from the practice of the present invention based on being conspicuous to those skilled in the art to investigating hereinafter.Target of the present invention and other advantages can realize and obtain by following specification sheets and claims.
Description of drawings
In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein:
Accompanying drawing is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing is a process flow diagram of the present invention, as shown in the figure:
The manufacturing process of furnace transmutation enamel of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
A. base: choose Fe
2O
3Content greater than 1%, TiO
2Content is greater than 0.2% china clay inferior, and the china clay fragmentation is fine ground, ball milling, press filtration (fineness requirement: 10000-hole sieve is surplus 0.2%～1.0%) then; Secondary clay is added water, stir, treat after the disintegration to mix, add the part iron titanium oxide and account for the thulium of total mass below 1.0%, under certain pressure, be pressed into base substrate with china clay after the press filtration;
B. make ground-coat enamel: 1. make ground-coat enamel: it is fine ground to make the ground-coat enamel raw material crushing, and add iron titanium oxide and add water for ball milling, the fineness requirement of ball milling: 10000-hole sieve is surplus between 0.1%～0.5%, and it is stand-by to stir; 2. make cover-coat enamel: it is fine ground to make the cover-coat enamel raw material crushing, adds to account for total mass 1.0% following thulium, and add water for ball milling then, fineness requirement: 10000-hole sieve is surplus between 0.1%～0.5%, and it is stand-by to stir;
C. moulding: base substrate is carried out forming processes according to the design needs;
D. glazing: at normal temperatures, base substrate is left standstill, treat to carry out glazing treatment behind the body drying, earlier with the ground-coat enamel dipping, spray plane glaze again, the glazing mode adopts multilayer glazing and some glaze; Ground-coat enamel includes Fe
2O
3, TiO
2, K
2O, Na
2O, CaO, MgO, Al
2O
3And SiO
2Deng element, Fe wherein
2O
3And TiO
2Content greater than 8%; Cover-coat enamel adopts conventional cover-coat enamel raw material to make as required;
E. portrayal: on base substrate, carry out the portrayal of different levels according to the design needs;
F. fire: under 1230 ℃～1250 ℃ temperature, in reducing atmosphere, fired 8 hours.
Should note in the mill: the coefficient of expansion of base substrate is controlled at 6.2 * 10～6/ ℃～7.3 * 10～6/ ℃, the coefficient of expansion of ground-coat enamel is controlled at 5.4 * 10～6/ ℃～6.2 * 10～6/ ℃, and the coefficient of expansion of cover-coat enamel is controlled at 5.0 * 10～6/ ℃～6.0 * 10～6/ ℃;
The change vitreous enamel that the low-grade china clay of high-Fe-Ti used herein is made satisfies following technical requirements:
1. water-intake rate is less than 13.0%.
2. all products that may be used for splendid attire food, plumbous, that quantity of cadmium release meets standard GB 12651 regulation or importer's relevant regulations.
3. glaze smoothness, color and luster are pure.
4. product does not have through crack, clashing and breaking, seepage defect.
The technical performance index of the change vitreous enamel that the low-grade china clay of use high-Fe-Ti of the present invention is made is as follows with main like product contrast both at home and abroad:
| The contrast project | Domestic like product | External like product | This project product |
| Starting material | The china clay that ferrotitanium content is lower | The china clay that ferrotitanium content is lower | Low-grade china clay of high-Fe-Ti and secondary clay |
| Additive | Iron titanium oxide | Iron titanium oxide | Thuliums such as iron titanium oxide, cerium, caesium |
| The starting material complete processing | Removal of impurities is selected, repeated except that ironworking | Removal of impurities is selected, repeated except that ironworking | Removal of impurities is selected |
| Glazing technology | Nothing is mentioned | Nothing is mentioned | Multilayer glazing, some glaze |
| Firing temperature | 1300℃-1320℃ | 1300℃-1320℃ | 1230℃-1250℃ |
| Firing atmosphere | Oxidation/reduction | Oxidation/reduction | Reducing atmosphere |
| Thermostability | 180 ℃ of-20 ℃ of heat exchanges are not once split | 180 ℃ of-20 ℃ of heat exchanges are not once split | 200 ℃ of-20 ℃ of heat exchanges are not once split |
| Lead release | ≤0.2mg/L | ≤0.2mg/L | 0mg/L |
| Quantity of cadmium release | ≤0.2mg/L | ≤0.2mg/L | 0mg/L |
Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from the aim and the scope of the technical program, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the manufacturing process of a furnace transmutation enamel is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
A. base: choose Fe
2O
3Content greater than 1%, TiO
2Content is greater than 0.2% china clay, and the china clay fragmentation is fine ground, ball milling, press filtration then, and the fineness requirement of ball milling: 10000-hole sieve is surplus between 0.2%～1.0%; Secondary clay is added water, stir, treat after the disintegration to mix, add iron titanium oxide and account for the thulium of total mass below 1.0%, be pressed into base substrate with china clay after the press filtration;
B. enamel frit makeing: 1. make ground-coat enamel: it is fine ground to make the ground-coat enamel raw material crushing, and add iron titanium oxide and add water for ball milling, the fineness requirement of ball milling: 10000-hole sieve is surplus between 0.1%～0.5%, and it is stand-by to stir; 2. make cover-coat enamel: it is fine ground to make the cover-coat enamel raw material crushing, adds to account for raw material total mass 1.0% following thulium, and add water for ball milling then, fineness requirement: 10000-hole sieve is surplus between 0.1%～0.5%, and it is stand-by to stir;
C. moulding: base substrate is carried out forming processes according to the design needs;
D. glazing: at normal temperatures, base substrate is left standstill, treat to carry out glazing treatment behind the body drying, with ground-coat enamel dipping or spraying, spray cover-coat enamel more earlier;
E. fire: under 1230 ℃～1250 ℃ temperature, in reducing atmosphere, fire.
2. the manufacturing process of a kind of furnace transmutation enamel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: after described steps d finishes, also comprise the portrayal step, promptly carry out the portrayal of different levels according to the design needs on base substrate.
3. the manufacturing process of a kind of furnace transmutation enamel according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described ground-coat enamel contains Fe
2O
3, TiO
2, K
2O, CaO, MgO, Al
2O
3And SiO
2, Fe wherein
2O
3And TiO
2Content greater than 8%;
4. the manufacturing process of a kind of furnace transmutation enamel according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the thermal expansivity of base substrate is controlled at 6.2 * 10
-6/ ℃～7.3 * 10
-6/ ℃, the thermal expansivity of ground-coat enamel is controlled at 5.4 * 10
-6/ ℃～6.2 * 10
-6/ ℃, the thermal expansivity of cover-coat enamel is controlled at 5.0 * 10
-6/ ℃～6.0 * 10
-6/ ℃.
5. the manufacturing process of a kind of furnace transmutation enamel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step e, the firing time in reducing atmosphere is 8 hours.
6. the manufacturing process of a kind of furnace transmutation enamel according to claim 3 is characterized in that: also be added with in the described ground-coat enamel raw material iron powder, titanium dioxide and cobalt oxide any one or multiple.
7. the manufacturing process of a kind of furnace transmutation enamel according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: repeating step d carries out the multilayer glazing.
8. the manufacturing process of a kind of furnace transmutation enamel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: firing temperature is 1250 ℃.
9. the manufacturing process of a kind of furnace transmutation enamel according to claim 3 is characterized in that: also contain Na in the described ground-coat enamel
2O.
10. the manufacturing process of a kind of furnace transmutation enamel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: among step a and the step b, the thulium of adding comprises lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), lutetium (Lu), scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y) one or more in totally 17 kinds of elements.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100701523A CN101348329B (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2008-08-22 | Manufacturing process of furnace transmutation enamel |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100701523A CN101348329B (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2008-08-22 | Manufacturing process of furnace transmutation enamel |
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|---|---|
| CN101348329A true CN101348329A (en) | 2009-01-21 |
| CN101348329B CN101348329B (en) | 2011-05-18 |
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Denomination of invention: Manufacturing process of furnace transmutation enamel Effective date of registration: 20140520 Granted publication date: 20110518 Pledgee: Agricultural Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd Dehua branch Pledgor: Fujian Jiamei Group Co., Ltd. Registration number: 2014990000381 |
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Date of cancellation: 20160421 Granted publication date: 20110518 Pledgee: Agricultural Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd Dehua branch Pledgor: Fujian Jiamei Group Co., Ltd. Registration number: 2014990000381 |
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