CN101347178B - Method for producing fermented feed using kitchen waste dry powder - Google Patents
Method for producing fermented feed using kitchen waste dry powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN101347178B CN101347178B CN2007100700672A CN200710070067A CN101347178B CN 101347178 B CN101347178 B CN 101347178B CN 2007100700672 A CN2007100700672 A CN 2007100700672A CN 200710070067 A CN200710070067 A CN 200710070067A CN 101347178 B CN101347178 B CN 101347178B
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Abstract
A method for producing a fermented feed by using kitchen waste dry powder is characterized in that the kitchen waste dry powder is first inoculated with zymophyte, placed in an anaerobic fermentation bag vessel with a one-way vent valve, sealed, and fermented under the condition required by the zymophyte to finally form the fermented feed. The fermented feed is preferably made from 10-30 portions of the kitchen waste dry powder, 15-45 portions of rapeseed dregs, 20-60 portions of corn flour, 4-6 portions of alcohol lees, 4-6 portions of wheat bran and 0.1-0.3 portion of compound material of bacillus subtillus, lactobacillus and microzyme. The method can save space and production cost, reduce the risk of mixed fungi pollution; the fermented feed can be fed directly after being unsealed, living bacteria after the fermentation of materials and produced active substances can be kept; and the fermented feed has various efficacies of enriching nutrients, promoting digestion and growth, enhancing immunity, etc. The fermented feed can partially or fully substitute antibiotics, which has the advantages of enhancing the utilization rate of the feed, reducing the feeding cost, improving the quality of poultry products, in particular to the meat quality, thus increasing the economic benefit of livestock and poultry farming, and providing the urban residents with carefree healthy meat.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of kitchen excess of eating and prepare the production method of feed and relevant container.
Background technology
Meal kitchen excess just is meant the food waste and the food residues of family, school, machine-operated canteen and catering industry, is the chief component of domestic waste.The meal kitchen excess quantity of China is big, quality is high, impurity is many, is food refuse with Chinese characteristics.Meal kitchen excess has become big public hazards of society at present.
If meal kitchen excess is dealt with improperly, not only endanger the healthy of people, go back serious environment pollution.Meal kitchen excess moisture content is up to 80-90%; Ooze draining very easily through the osmosis polluted underground water in the swill, the organic matter that is rich in the hogwash then can ferment very soon and rots when temperature is higher; Produce pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, directly be detrimental to health.If directly with its feed as pig, various pathogen bacteriums can be diffused on the body of pig, then; People can infect on people's the body when the meat of edible this boar, if things go on like this just form the vicious circle of the infection sources, in addition; Waste grease and residue can stop up the water channel of staying, contaminated environment.
In addition, China is a country that grain resource is in short supply, has a large population; Land resource is few; Natural environment also worsens constantly, and the territory can be ploughed and just reduce with 2,000,000 mu speed in area every year, population just with every year nearly 2,000 ten thousand people quantity increase; And there is alarming surprising waste in this valuable grain resource, its Chinese meal kitchen excess is exactly the main aspect of this waste.
The someone develops the processing method that meal kitchen excess is produced feed for this reason, is 02160496.7 Chinese patent " the regenerative feedstuff preparation technology of kitchen castoff " like number of patent application, and the water content of its finished product feedstuff is 8%～14%, is convenient to store, transportation and feeding; Realize innoxious, the resource of meal kitchen excess, its defective is, the swill in the excess of meal kitchen is not handled well; After the press filtration moisture content is gone oven dry at the material below 50%, because need be with the moisture content heating evaporation, so energy consumption is very big; Increased production cost, simultaneously, the part swill does not have good purified treatment; Be discharged in the environment, polluted environment, and; Process makes and is rich in the nutrients swill in the kitchen castoff and runs off in vain, so also need be done further improvement.
Though meal kitchen excess is carried out the fermenting process of preparing feed bibliographical information is arranged also, as the patent No. be 200410024920.3 be the micro-ecological feed and the production method thereof of primary raw material with the swill, be exactly a kind of liquid fermentation method.Fermentation mode now relatively more commonly used has two kinds of solid fermentation and liquid fermentations, and pluses and minuses are respectively arranged.
General solid fermentation is to divide fermentation on the ground, need take very big fermentation ground, though " goods-shelf type " stereoscopic fermentation form is arranged, does not tackle the problem at its root.Solid fermentation needs artificial or mechanical stone and turning heat radiation, and floor space is big in addition, and production efficiency is not high.Material is exposed in the air during solid fermentation, very easily receives the pollution of assorted bacterium (mould) in the external environment, and safety of products can not get effective assurance.
Liquid fermentation especially liquid deep layer fermenting has overcome the big deficiency of solid fermentation floor space, but that liquid fermentation requires the cleannes of the sealing of round, operation is very high, and the equipment input is very high.Material water ratio very high (more than 70%) is unfavorable for the accumulating of material, if oven dry, the heat energy of consume significant again, and in drying course, viable bacteria and active material in the material also are destroyed, and can not bring into play the beneficial effect of fermented feed comprehensively.
Comprehensively above-mentioned, utilize kitchen waste dry powder to produce fermented feed and the further improvement design of production Zymolysis Equipment.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of method of utilizing kitchen waste dry powder to produce fermented feed; It can save space and production cost; Reduce the risk of living contaminants; Can feed after the opening; And make the viable bacteria after the material fermentation obtain reservation with the active material of generation, have enriched nutritive, short digestion, growth promotion, enhance immunity power, regulate multiple efficacies such as animal gastrointestinal tract microecological balance, at the reduction feed cost, improve efficiency of feed utilization, improve the animal products quality and particularly have tangible effect aspect the meat.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: a kind of method of utilizing kitchen waste dry powder to produce fermented feed; After it is characterized in that kitchen waste dry powder connected fermented bacterium; The interior involution of anaerobic fermentation bag of packing into and having the one-way ventilating valve; Under the condition that fermented bacterium needs, ferment, form fermented feed at last.
As preferably; The compound of successively that 10-30 part kitchen waste dry powder and 15-45 part rapeseed dregs, 20-60 part corn flour, 4-6 part alcohol is poor, 4-6 part wheat bran and 0.1-0.3 part bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete bacterial classification joins in the mixer in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio and mixes; Control moisture is in 30-35% (weight) scope; The interior involution of anaerobic fermentation bag of packing into immediately and having the one-way ventilating valve, stacking fermentation at normal temperatures 12-18 days can form fermented feed.And the compound optimal proportion 1:1:1 (volume) of described bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete bacterial classification.Proportioning makes feed nutrition relatively comprehensively more balanced like this, satisfies the needs of livestock and poultry.Simultaneously, fermentation reduces production costs as far as possible easily.
Best embodiment is; Described kitchen waste dry powder is 20 parts, 30 parts of rapeseed dregs, 40 parts of corn flour, poor 5 parts of alcohol, 5 parts in wheat bran, 0.2 part of the compound of bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete bacterial classification; Moisture Control is in 32% (weight) scope, and stacking fermented 15 days at normal temperatures.
Described kitchen waste dry powder is that the meal kitchen excess of collecting is passed through following steps at least:
(1) sorting step is carried out sorting with the meal kitchen excess of collecting at separator, remove comprise plastics, metal, glass, pottery or wooden etc. can not be as the foreign material of feed;
(2) pulverising step will pass through the meal kitchen excess that sorting step handled and in pulverizer, be ground into pasty state;
(3) isolated by filtration step is carried out Separation of Solid and Liquid with the meal kitchen excess that is ground into pasty state in filter press, the liquid phase that press filtration is come out is carried out water-oil separating with seperator, and isolated oil send holding vessel, and the isolated albumen water that contains send concentration step;
(4) concentration step will contain albumen water and concentrate with thickener;
(5) baking step waters the albumen water that contains after concentrating on the solid-phase material that filter press is come through pipeline and shower nozzle, on dryer, dries, and the control moisture content becomes kitchen waste dry powder below 15%.It can make full use of the nutriment of meal kitchen excess, prevents to run off with the liquid phase after the press filtration, simultaneously, avoids and reduces environmental pollution, has reduced production cost, has improved the nutritional labeling of feed, and reaching turns waste into wealth, and process is more reasonable.
As improvement, increase the boiling step behind the described pulverising step, under 30-55 degree temperature, meal kitchen excess is carried out the boiling one's water breaks, be convenient to the isolated by filtration of back.
The thermal source that the thickener heating concentrates in the described concentration step adopts spent hot water's steam that the heating of material process produces from baking step, makes full use of used heat, heats to concentrate, and further reduces cost, and increases economic efficiency.
Described baking step is controlled at the 100-130 degree with bake out temperature, and feed crude protein powder moisture content is controlled at 10-15%.
The albumen water moisture content that contains after will concentrating in the described concentration step is controlled at 85-75% (weight), to cut down the consumption of energy.
The improvement that is highly profitable, described anaerobic fermentation bag includes bag, and bag one end is an opening, is used for feeding, and the surface of bag is provided with the one-way ventilating valve, and is simple and practical, uses easily.
Useful improvement, described one-way ventilating valve includes valve seat, and valve base surface is distributed with venthole; The liner ventilated membrane snaps in fixed head again, and valve seat back edge of opening is connected on the bag; The bag junction is distributed with air-vent; So the one-way ventilating valve arrangement is simplified greatly, and is with low cost, very is fit to anaerobic fermentation.
At last, described valve seat back edge of opening is that blanching or glue are connected on the bag.Described bag one end is that opening is closed with blanching or glue sealing.
Compared with prior art; The invention has the advantages that: main material is a kitchen waste dry powder in the fermentation; Sense organ is the dried meat floss shape, has that composition is various, the characteristics of comprehensive nutrition, contains higher protein and energy matter simultaneously; Can satisfy in the microorganism growth process the needs of carbon source, nitrogenous source, need not other interpolation.The mycoprotein that produces in the sweat, organic acid, little peptide, free amino acid, vitamin and UGF make the nutritive value of material and palatability obtain very big lifting; And the anaerobic fermentation bag fermentation technique makes material in storage and transport process, just realize fermentation, saves space and production cost, do not have the risk (even pollution microbes does not influence ferment effect yet) of living contaminants, can feed after the opening.Using this technology makes viable bacteria and the active material of generation after the material fermentation obtain reservation; After searching for food, livestock and poultry have multiple efficacies such as enriched nutritive, short digestion, growth promotion, enhance immunity power; Can partly or entirely substitute antibiotic after feeding; Can improve efficiency of feed utilization, reduce feeding cost, improve the animal products quality (particularly meat), both increase the economic benefit of livestock and poultry breeding industry, can make the resident be able to eat quality-assured meat, healthy meat again.Anaerobic fermentation bag is simple and practical, and is with low cost, easy to use, and the one-way ventilating film is to gas-selectively, can only exhaust, and stop oxygen to get into, air (oxygen) can not get into, and very is fit to anaerobic fermentation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the stereogram of anaerobic fermentation bag,
Fig. 2 is the stereogram of anaerobic fermentation bag,
Fig. 3 is the structure cutaway view of anaerobic fermentation bag,
Fig. 4 is the partial structurtes enlarged drawing of the anaerobic fermentation bag of Fig. 3,
Fig. 5 is the stereogram of one-way ventilating valve;
Fig. 6 is the exploded view of one-way ventilating valve;
Fig. 7 is the fundamental diagram of one-way ventilating valve.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment describes in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
See Fig. 1-3, one-way ventilating valve 2 allows the gas molecule folk prescription to seeing through, and can keep the quality of bag interior article for a long time.Through technique improvement, but produce starvation, keep the anaerobic fermentation bag of anaerobic state to one-way ventilating valve and packing container material.Its structure includes the bag 1 that materials such as nylon, binder resin, enol copolymer are made; Bag 1 mounted on surface has one-way ventilating valve 2; Bag 1 one ends temporarily are opening-like 3, after postvaccinal kitchen waste dry powder is packed into, just can be sealedly connected through hot integration technology.Make the gas that produces in the sweat reach setting pressure and discharge through one-way ventilating valve 2 later on, but extraneous air (oxygen) can not get into packaging bag all the time, the heat that fermentation produces is diffusion thereupon also.This unidirectional exhaust apparatus has been guaranteed anaerobism and the environment of no living contaminants in the packaging bag, has both guaranteed activation of microorganism, has also guaranteed product accumulating for a long time simultaneously.
See Fig. 3-7, for simplified structure, easy to use; Increase practicality, one-way ventilating valve 2 includes valve seat 21, and valve seat 21 surface distributed have venthole 22; Liner ventilated membrane 23 snaps in the fixed head 24 of being with waist shape again, and valve seat 21 back edge of opening are connected on the bag 1; The bag junction is distributed with air-vent 11, and valve seat 21 back edge of opening are that blanching or glue are connected on the bag 1, make 1 li mounted on surface of bag that one-way ventilating valve 2 arranged.Certainly the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned one-way ventilating valve, as long as the ability one-way ventilating can not get in the packaging bag extraneous air (oxygen) all the time, just can use.
The preparation method of kitchen waste dry powder, it is that the meal kitchen excess of collecting is obtained through following steps:
(1) sorting step is carried out sorting with the meal kitchen excess of collecting at separator, remove comprise plastics, metal, glass, pottery or wooden etc. can not be as the foreign material of feed;
(2) pulverising step will pass through the meal kitchen excess that sorting step handled and in pulverizer, be ground into pasty state;
(3) boiling step to meal kitchen excess boiling 10-40 minute, is carried out the boiling one's water breaks under 30-55 degree temperature, water and oil are come out from the material initial gross separation;
(4) isolated by filtration step is carried out Separation of Solid and Liquid with the meal kitchen excess that is ground into pasty state and boiling in filter press, the liquid phase that press filtration is come out is carried out water-oil separating with seperator, and isolated oil send holding vessel, and the isolated albumen water that contains send concentration step;
(4) concentration step will contain albumen water and concentrate with thickener; The thermal source that the thickener heating concentrates in the concentration step adopts spent hot water's steam that material produces through heating from baking step; And the albumen water moisture content that contains after will concentrating is controlled at 85-75% (weight);
(5) baking step waters the albumen water that contains after concentrating on the solid-phase material that filter press is come through pipeline and shower nozzle, on dryer, dries, and the control moisture content becomes kitchen waste dry powder below 10-15%.
Certainly, kitchen waste dry powder of the present invention is not limited to method for preparing and obtains, and can be the kitchen waste dry powder that other method obtains.
The present invention utilizes kitchen waste dry powder to produce the method for fermented feed; It is poor with described 10-30 part kitchen waste dry powder and 15-45 part rapeseed dregs, 20-60 part corn flour, 4-6 part alcohol, the compound of 4-6 part wheat bran and 0.1-0.3 part bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete bacterial classification joins in the mixer in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio and mixes; The compound proportion of bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete bacterial classification is 1:1:1 (volume); Control moisture is in 30-35% (weight) scope; The interior involution of anaerobic fermentation bag of packing into immediately and having the one-way ventilating valve; 25 degrees centigrade of following stacking fermentations of normal temperature 12-18 days, can form fermented feed.
As preferably; Kitchen waste dry powder is 20 parts; 30 parts of rapeseed dregs, 40 parts of corn flour, poor 5 parts of alcohol, 5 parts in wheat bran; 0.2 part of the compound of bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete bacterial classification, moisture Control are in 32% (weight) scope, and stacking fermentation at normal temperatures can form fermented feed in 15 days behind the inclosure fermentation bag.This prescription protein content is about 21%, energy 12.6MJ/kg, and carbon-nitrogen ratio is balanced, satisfies the nutritional need of growth of microorganism fully.It is poor to add rapeseed dregs, alcohol in the prescription, after fermentation, can reduce material toxin, decomposition crude fibre, improves the feeding value of these low-quality feedstuffs.Behind the material fermenting-ripening, the livestock and poultry of can directly feeding after the opening do not increase extra work.
Certainly the present invention utilizes the method for kitchen waste dry powder production fermented feed can be not limited to the bacterial classification of present embodiment, also can be the bacterial classification of other suitable feed fermentation.
Claims (12)
1. method of utilizing kitchen waste dry powder to produce fermented feed; After it is characterized in that kitchen waste dry powder connected fermented bacterium; The interior involution of anaerobic fermentation bag of packing into and having the one-way ventilating valve ferments under the condition that fermented bacterium needs, and forms fermented feed at last.
2. the method for utilizing kitchen waste dry powder to produce fermented feed according to claim 2; It is characterized in that described 10-30 part kitchen waste dry powder and 15-45 part rapeseed dregs, 20-60 part corn flour, 4-6 part alcohol are poor, the compound of 4-6 part wheat bran and 0.1-0.3 part bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete bacterial classification joins in the mixer in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio and mixes; Control moisture is in 30-35% (weight) scope; The interior involution of anaerobic fermentation bag of packing into immediately and having the one-way ventilating valve; Stacking fermentation at normal temperatures 12-18 days can form fermented feed.
3. the method for utilizing kitchen waste dry powder to produce fermented feed according to claim 2, the compound ratio that it is characterized in that described bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete bacterial classification is 1:1:1 (volume).
4. the method for utilizing kitchen waste dry powder to produce fermented feed according to claim 3; It is characterized in that described kitchen waste dry powder is 20 parts; 30 parts of rapeseed dregs, 40 parts of corn flour, poor 5 parts of alcohol, 5 parts in wheat bran; 0.2 part of the compound of bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete bacterial classification, moisture Control are in 32% (weight) scope, and stacking fermented 15 days at normal temperatures.
5. the method for utilizing kitchen waste dry powder to produce fermented feed according to claim 4 is characterized in that described kitchen waste dry powder is that the meal kitchen excess of collecting is passed through following steps at least:
(1) sorting step is carried out sorting with the meal kitchen excess of collecting at separator, remove comprise plastics, metal, glass, pottery or wooden etc. can not be as the foreign material of feed;
(2) pulverising step will pass through the meal kitchen excess that sorting step handled and in pulverizer, be ground into pasty state;
(3) isolated by filtration step is carried out Separation of Solid and Liquid with the meal kitchen excess that is ground into pasty state in filter press, the liquid phase that press filtration is come out is carried out water-oil separating with seperator, and isolated oil send holding vessel, and the isolated albumen water that contains send concentration step;
(4) concentration step will contain albumen water and concentrate with thickener;
(5) baking step waters the albumen water that contains after concentrating on the solid-phase material that filter press is come through pipeline and shower nozzle, on dryer, dries, and the control moisture content becomes kitchen waste dry powder below 15%.
6. the method for utilizing kitchen waste dry powder to produce fermented feed according to claim 5 is characterized in that increasing the boiling step behind the described pulverising step, under 30-55 degree temperature, meal kitchen excess is carried out the boiling one's water breaks.
7. the method for utilizing kitchen waste dry powder to produce fermented feed according to claim 6; It is characterized in that the thermal source that the thickener heating concentrates in the described concentration step adopts spent hot water's steam that material produces through heating from baking step, is controlled at 85-75% (weight) with the albumen water moisture content that contains after concentrating.
8. the method for utilizing kitchen waste dry powder to produce fermented feed according to claim 7 is characterized in that described baking step is controlled at the 100-130 degree with bake out temperature, and feed crude protein powder moisture content is controlled at 10-15% (weight).
9. the method for utilizing kitchen waste dry powder to produce fermented feed according to claim 8 is characterized in that described anaerobic fermentation bag, includes bag, and bag one end is an opening, is used for feeding, and the surface of bag is provided with the one-way ventilating valve.
10. the method for utilizing kitchen waste dry powder to produce fermented feed according to claim 9; It is characterized in that described one-way ventilating valve includes valve seat; Valve base surface is distributed with venthole, and the liner ventilated membrane snaps in fixed head again; Valve seat back edge of opening is connected on the bag, and the bag junction is distributed with air-vent.
11. the method for utilizing kitchen waste dry powder to produce fermented feed according to claim 10 is characterized in that described valve seat back edge of opening is that blanching or glue are connected on the bag.
12. the method for utilizing kitchen waste dry powder to produce fermented feed according to claim 11 is characterized in that described bag one end is that opening is closed with blanching or glue sealing.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101816368B (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2012-07-18 | 武汉瑞欧投资有限公司 | Method for producing feed by modifying kitchen residue of catering canteen |
| CN102051335B (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2013-01-09 | 北京科技大学 | Method for producing microbial ecological agent by using kitchen garbage |
| CN102204622B (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2013-02-27 | 广州绿由工业弃置废物回收处理有限公司 | Protein compound feed prepared by kitchen waste and method for preparing same |
| CN102302087A (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2012-01-04 | 上海牧农生物科技有限公司 | Multifunctional full-value anaerobic biological fermented feed |
| CN102381887A (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2012-03-21 | 黑龙江春熠环保科技开发有限公司 | Food waste treatment method |
| CN105533197A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-05-04 | 惠安县科联农业科技有限公司 | Pig feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN105420087A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-03-23 | 王升平 | Material fermenting device |
| CN111548913A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-08-18 | 苏州中洁宇科技有限公司 | Preparation method and application of kitchen waste microbial strain |
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