CN101344470A - Friction wear testing machine - Google Patents
Friction wear testing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101344470A CN101344470A CNA2008100321986A CN200810032198A CN101344470A CN 101344470 A CN101344470 A CN 101344470A CN A2008100321986 A CNA2008100321986 A CN A2008100321986A CN 200810032198 A CN200810032198 A CN 200810032198A CN 101344470 A CN101344470 A CN 101344470A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a friction wear testing machine which comprises an abrading agent slot, a grinding steel wheel suspended in the abrading agent slot, a boosting lever that has a vertical arm suspended between the grinding steel wheel and a lateral wall of the abrading agent slot, a servo sand slot that has a sand discharging mouth and a transmission pipe, a servo spring loading mechanism that is connected with a horizontal arm of the boosting lever, a load sensor that is serially connected between the servo spring loading mechanism and the boosting lever and a temperature sensor that is arranged on the back of a sample. A main shaft of the grinding steel wheel is arranged on a bearing holder, connected with a torque sensor through a flexible coupler and connected with a frequency-varied speed-regulating drive motor, and a computer adjusts and detects the sand discharge amount of the sand slot, the rotating speed and the torque of the frequency-varied speed-regulating drive motor, and the loading capacity of the servo spring loading mechanism in real time, and can detect and record the rotational frequency of the grinding steel wheel and sample temperature in real time. The friction wear testing machine can detect and analyze the abrasion resistance and the frictional behaviour of hard alloy products under the conditions close to real working conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of friction wear testing machine, especially for the friction wear testing machine that detects the wimet friction and wear behavior.
Background technology
At present, in hard carbide industry is produced, still there are not a kind of suitable detection hart metal product wear resistance and the friction and wear test machine of frictional behaviour.At laboratory, the wear test of wimet generally is to continue to use Unite States Standard (USS) ASTM B611 " Standard Test Method for Abrasive Wear Resistanceof Cemented Carbides " or Unite States Standard (USS) ASTM G65 " Standard Test Method forMeasuring Abrasion Using the Dry Sand/Rubber Wheel Apparatus ", these two kinds of test methods are except abrasive feeding mode difference, test principle is basic identical, and ASTM B611 is the wear test that is exclusively used in wimet.The friction mode schematic diagram that Fig. 4 provides for ASTM B611, in the test, the loading force that is produced by counterweight 24 is pressed in sample 21 on the steel abrasive wheel 22 by lever 20, the abrasive wheel Lower Half is immersed in the mud abrasive material 23 of water sand mixing, stick to the abrasive wear sample on the abrasive wheel during abrasive wheel rotation, when rotating a circle with abrasive wheel, the VOLUME LOSS of sample is estimated its abrasion resistance.The problem that exists with the abrasion resistance of ASTM B611 standard detection wimet is: applying of power of test is to load by lever with counterweight, be to adopt " constant force " to test, long run test in the time of can not carrying out the loading force variation, can not correctly reflect hart metal product, such as the wear resistance of products such as cutter, drill bit, rock drilling tooth under actual condition (situations such as cutting force variation, temperature rising), therefore its evaluation index of drawing is to improving wimet prescription or production technology, and the wear resistance directive significance that improves product is little.It can't detect the frictional behaviour of wimet.Therefore, design and a kind ofly can promote improving constantly of hart metal product quality, become pressing for of the industry near the wear resistance that detects hart metal product under the actual condition and the industrial friction wear testing machine of frictional behaviour.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned ASTM B611 abrasion test method and install the continuous wear test that to carry out in test the loading force variation, can not provide a kind of hart metal product that can detect at industrial friction wear testing machine near the technological deficiencies such as wear resistance that detect hart metal product under the actual condition near wear resistance under the actual condition and frictional behaviour.The loading force of test and the real time temperature of detected sample be adjusted and be detected to this friction wear testing machine can by testing requirements real-time continuous ground, can also detect the moment of torsion of abrasive wheel, test out hart metal product near the wear resistance under the actual condition and relate to the friction force of sample and tribology such as friction factor aspect performance.
For realizing the object of the invention, by the following technical solutions:
Friction wear testing machine of the present invention comprises the abrasive material tank, radially being provided with some stirring vanes and being suspended in grinding steel wheel in the abrasive material tank along wheel, its upright arm is suspended in the afterburning lever that grinds between steel wheel hub surface and the abrasive material tank sidewall, be fixed on the support, and be positioned at servo directly over the abrasive material tank for the sand hopper, the servo sand hopper bottom that supplies is provided with sediment outflow mouth and conveyance conduit, contain dry grinding medium in hopper by pipeline transportation to the sample that clamps the upright arm end that is fixed on afterburning lever with grind the steel wheel hub surface, be provided with the servo load maintainer of the terminal rigidly connected spring of horizontal arm with afterburning lever, be serially connected with the load transducer between the horizontal arm of the spring of the servo load maintainer of spring and afterburning lever, be installed on the temperature sensor at the sample back side, being fixed on the main shaft that grinds the steel wheel center is installed on the bearing seat, and connect with torque sensor by flexible coupling, torque sensor again with the propeller shaft couplings of frequency control drive motor, the bottom clearance hole of abrasive material tank is arranged with the abrasive material gathering barrel, regulate and control and detect the sediment outflow amount of servo confession sand hopper by computer real-time, the rotating speed of frequency control drive motor and moment of torsion, the loading force of the servo load maintainer of spring, and detect and write down the revolution that grinds steel wheel in real time, the temperature of sample.
The present invention is when implementing, and the servo load maintainer of spring is preferentially selected the structure that comprises drive motor, speed reduction unit, screw mandrel and spring for use.The input end of speed reduction unit and drive motor propeller shaft couplings, the output terminal of speed reduction unit with can connect as the screw mandrel that linear reciprocation moves, the other end of spring and screw mandrel is fixedly connected.
Advantage of the present invention has provided a kind of friction wear testing machine that hard carbide industry is used that is suitable for, it can be to being loaded into the loading force on the sample in the test, grind the rotating speed and the moment of torsion of steel wheel, the amount of sand of abrasive media etc. carries out the regulation and control and the detection of real-time continuous, and can detect the variation of specimen temperature under different grinding conditions in real time, be convenient to simulate the actual condition of hart metal product, thereby check and analysis go out hart metal product near the wear resistance under the actual working conditions, and the performance of tribology aspects such as friction force and friction factor, in order to update alloy formula or production technology, improve the quality of products.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation front view of friction wear testing machine of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation right view of friction wear testing machine of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the servo load maintainer structural representation of the spring of friction wear testing machine of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the friction mode schematic diagram that U.S.'s ASTM B611 standard provides.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Friction mode and ASTM B611 standard that friction wear testing machine of the present invention adopts are basic identical, and main frame is a horizontal type structure, and integral installation is on support 12.Critical piece comprises servo for sand hopper 1, grinds steel wheel 2, abrasive material tank 7, afterburning lever 3, the servo load maintainer 6 of spring, main shaft 13, bearing seat 8 and frequency control drive motor 11 etc.
The servo sand hopper 1 that supplies is fixed on the support 12, and be installed in abrasive material tank 7 directly over, contain in servo for the dry grinding medium in the sand hopper 1 from the sediment outflow mouth of hopper 1 flow out after pipeline transportation to sample 4 with grind the steel wheel 2 hub surfaces, with wearing and tearing sample 4.Sending the servo sediment outflow mouth for sand hopper 1 of instruction regulation and control according to testing requirements by computing machine opens and closes and the switching degree, adjust for the sand flow amount to suitable flow, when the abrasive media steady flow, grind steel wheel 2 and just begin rotation, measure the revolution that grinds steel wheel 2 by revolution meter, and with revolution data input computing machine.Therefore adopt the servo sand hopper 1 that supplies of the present invention promptly can provide the controlled dry grinding medium of stability of flow to carry out wear test according to testing requirements.Grind steel wheel 2 and be fixedly mounted on its central principal axis 13, be suspended in the stainless steel abrasive material tank 7, the rear wall that main shaft 13 passes abrasive material tank 7 is installed on the bearing seat 8.Radially be provided with some stirring vanes 19 along what grind steel wheel 2, can stir the muddy abrasive media of containing in abrasive material tank 7 full and uniformly.Abrasive material tank 7 is fixedly mounted on the support 12, and its bottom is a circular arc, and the circular arc bottom is provided with clearance hole, opens clearance hole and the abrasive material in the abrasive material tank 7 can be flowed into abrasive material gathering barrel 5 through a funnel, is convenient to clean tank and free from environmental pollution.When needs use slimy abrasive media, can stop the servo sand that supplies for sand hopper 1, in abrasive material tank 7, inject the muddy abrasive media that mixes by a certain percentage, by being installed in the blade agitation grinding medium mud that grinds on the steel wheel 2, and mud is carried shift to sample 4 surfaces by the grinding steel wheel 2 of rotation, adhere to the abrasive media mud that grinds steel wheel 2 hub surfaces sample 4 is carried out wear test.The upright arm (loading arm) of afterburning lever 3 stretches into a side of abrasive material tank 7, between the sidewall of hub surface of grinding steel wheel 2 and abrasive material tank 7, its end should be lower than the horizontal center line that grinds steel wheel 2, and sample 4 just is contained in the lower end of the upright arm of afterburning lever 3 by the sample clamp geometrical clamp.The servo load maintainer 6 of spring is rigidly connected with the end of afterburning lever 3 horizontal arms (arm of force) in vertical direction, the servo load maintainer 6 of spring comprises drive motor 17, speed reduction unit 18, screw mandrel 16 and bullet 15, when adding load, drive speed reduction unit 18 by drive motor 17, and drive leading screw 16 moving linearlies, form a comprehensive loading force of leading screw-spring, the horizontal arm that spurs afterburning lever 3 moves down, the upright arm of afterburning lever 3 is moved to grinding steel wheel 2, thereby sample 4 is pressed in (the hub surface of grinding steel wheel 2 is that line contacts with the surface of sample 4) on the grinding steel wheel 2.Drive motor 17 counter-rotating, then removal loading forces.The hart metal product load or the load curve that under actual condition, bear according to simulation, send the start-stop of servo load maintainer 6 drive motor 17 of instruction regulation and control spring by computing machine, adjustment is to the loading force size of sample 4, and is loaded into and carries out continuously adjustable friction-wear test on the sample 4.Between the spring 15 of the servo load maintainer 6 of spring and afterburning lever 3 horizontal arms, be serially connected with load transducer 14, thereby can detect the loading force size that is added on the sample 4 continuously, finally obtain the wear resistance of sample under the different loading forces.Temperature sensor is equipped with at the back side at sample 4, it can be a thermopair, in order to detecting the temperature variations of sample 4 when carrying out friction-wear test, thereby can detect the variation of wimet wear resistance and frictional behaviour under the variation of specimen temperature under the different loading forces and different temperature.Grinding the required power of steel wheel 2 rotations is provided by the frequency control drive motor 11 that is fixed on the support 12, the transmission shaft of frequency control drive motor 11 connects with a torque sensor 10 earlier, connect with main shaft 13 in being installed on bearing seat 8 by flexible coupling 9 again, at last by main shaft 13 with transmission of power to grinding on the steel wheel 2, make its rotation.The running of the instruction regulation and control frequency control drive motor 11 that sends by computing machine, thereby the rotating speed of steel wheel 2 is ground in control, rotating cycle or rotational time, moment of torsion when torque sensor 10 is then tested different rotating speeds detects in real time and notes, by calculating tribology aspect properties data such as can drawing the friction force that relates to sample and friction factor.
The feed amount and the feeding speed of friction and wear test machine abrasive media of the present invention, when carrying out wear test to the loading force of sample, grinding the rotating speed and the moment of torsion of steel wheel can both be controlled in real time by computing machine and adjust continuously according to testing requirements, and the actual loaded power in the process of the test, the steel wheel rotating speed, rotating cycle, rotational time, turning moment, friction force, friction factor, specimen temperatures etc. can both be by computer recording, show and the software program by establishment calculates, thereby be in the commercial production the simulation actual working conditions under, research hart metal product wear resistance a valid approach is provided.
When the present invention carries out the wimet wear test, the also density of working sample, the VOLUME LOSS of sample when grinding steel wheel and rotating a circle, and parameter such as the loading force that goes out in conjunction with actual detected in the entire test, steel wheel rotating speed, specimen temperature estimates the wear resistance of hart metal product, than ASTM B611 standard near actual condition.Simultaneously, when the present invention carries out the wimet friction test, can change the material of abrasive media or friction pair, the moment that goes out by actual detected is calculated the friction factor between wimet and the different materials.
Claims (2)
1. friction and wear test machine, it comprises abrasive material tank (7), radially being provided with some stirring vanes (19) and being suspended in grinding steel wheel (2) in the abrasive material tank (7) along wheel, its upright arm is suspended in the afterburning lever (3) that grinds between steel wheel (2) hub surface and abrasive material tank (7) sidewall, it is characterized in that it also comprises is fixed on the support (12), and be positioned at servo directly over the abrasive material tank (7) for sand hopper (1), servoly be provided with and contain dry grinding medium transport in hopper to sediment outflow mouth and conveyance conduit between sample (4) that clamps the upright arm end that is fixed on afterburning lever (3) and grinding steel wheel (2) the hub surface for sand hopper (1), with the terminal servo load maintainer of rigidly connected spring (6) of the horizontal arm of afterburning lever (3), be serially connected with the load transducer (14) between the horizontal arm of the spring of the servo load maintainer of spring (6) and afterburning lever (3), be installed on the temperature sensor at sample (4) back side, being fixed on the main shaft (13) that grinds steel wheel (2) center is installed on the bearing seat (8), and connect with torque sensor (10) by flexible coupling (9), torque sensor (10) again with the propeller shaft couplings of frequency control drive motor (11), be arranged at the abrasive material gathering barrel (5) under the bottom clearance hole of abrasive material tank (7), real-time monitoring also detects servo sediment outflow amount for sand hopper (1), the rotating speed and the moment of torsion of frequency control drive motor (11), the loading force of the servo load maintainer of spring (6), and can detect and write down the revolution that grinds steel wheel (2) in real time, the computing machine of sample (4) temperature.
2. friction wear testing machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the servo load maintainer of spring (6) comprises drive motor (17), the speed reduction unit (18) of its input end and drive motor (17) propeller shaft couplings, connect with the output terminal of speed reduction unit (18) can moving linearly screw mandrel (16), the spring (15) that is fixedly connected with the other end of screw mandrel (16).
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| CN2008100321986A CN101344470B (en) | 2008-09-01 | 2008-09-01 | Friction wear testing machine |
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| CN2008100321986A CN101344470B (en) | 2008-09-01 | 2008-09-01 | Friction wear testing machine |
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| CN101344470B CN101344470B (en) | 2010-09-15 |
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