CN114112763A

CN114112763A - Dry sand abrasion testing machine and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114112763A
Application number: CN202111407443.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许祥平; 刘凯; 刘驰; 陈力; 王锡岭; 邹家生; 夏春智
Original assignee: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-11-24
Filing date: 2021-11-24
Publication date: 2022-03-01

Abstract

The invention discloses a dry sand abrasion testing machine and a using method thereof, wherein the dry sand abrasion testing machine comprises a sand storage tank, a sand guide nozzle communicated with the bottom of the sand storage tank, a speed controller arranged on the sand guide nozzle and used for controlling the flow speed of dry sand, a rubber wheel, a planetary reducer and a servo motor which are sequentially connected with one side below the sand guide nozzle, a sample clamp arranged on the other side below the sand guide nozzle, and a power supply electrically connected with the speed controller and the servo motor. The device has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation, and can better simulate the friction and wear condition in actual work while not wasting mechanical equipment so as to be beneficial to evaluating the tribology performance of materials and the friction and wear performance among the materials.

Description

Dry sand abrasion testing machine and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to an abrasion tester and a using method thereof, in particular to a dry sand abrasion tester and a using method thereof.

Background

The serious accidents caused by the mechanical friction and the abrasion are increased day by day, which causes serious property loss and even harms the life and health of operators. However, the friction loss between each part is inevitable when the machine is in operation, so it is important to scientifically and reasonably obtain the wear critical value, calculate the service life of the machine and replace the parts in time.

Patent CN201010610042.9 discloses an equipment for mortar mill wearing and tearing experiment, this equipment include driving motor, driving belt, pivot seat, jar body, temperature sensing device, swing handle, device frame, screw rod elevating gear, auxiliary motor, driving belt and driving motor and rotation axis connection, pivot seat bottom connect the axis of rotation, jar body cover establish in the axis of rotation outside, this jar body is fixed on the device frame through swing handle, temperature sensing device establish in jar body bottom, screw rod elevating gear and auxiliary motor establish on the device frame. The mortar is used as a wear material, so that the wear condition of the wear-resistant material in contact with the mortar is simulated in a long-distance transportation scene, and the wear-resistant material is screened out.

In general, the friction wear detection testing machines on the market are various, but most of the devices are heavy, the testing conditions are harsh, and the simulation scene is single.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a dry sand abrasion testing machine which is accurate in simulation result, simple in structure and convenient and fast to operate.

The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a dry sand abrasion testing machine, which comprises a sand storage tank, a sand guide nozzle communicated with the bottom of the sand storage tank, a speed controller arranged on the sand guide nozzle and used for controlling the flow speed of dry sand, a rubber wheel, a planetary reducer and a servo motor which are sequentially connected and positioned on one side below the sand guide nozzle, a sample clamp positioned on the other side below the sand guide nozzle, and a power supply electrically connected with the speed controller and the servo motor.

Further, still include and collect the sand jar, it is located directly under leading the sand mouth to collect the sand jar.

Further, still include cylinder and air compressor machine, the cylinder is connected with sample anchor clamps and air compressor machine respectively.

Further, still include the casing, the casing covers in sand storage tank, speed controller, leads sand mouth, servo motor, planetary reducer, rubber tyer and sample anchor clamps outsidely.

Further, a detachable resistance heating sheet is installed on the clamp and used for heating the sample.

And further, the rubber wheel steering system further comprises a control display, wherein the control display is electrically connected with the servo motor and is used for controlling and displaying the rotating speed and the steering direction of the rubber wheel.

In another aspect, the method of using the dry sand abrasion tester of the present invention comprises the steps of:

(1) adjusting the speed controller, the rotating speed of the rubber wheel and the force application of the cylinder according to the working condition simulated by the test;

(2) the test sample is fixed on the clamp, dry sand is filled in the sand storage tank, the dry sand is continuously discharged from the sand storage tank through the sand guide nozzle, and the flowing dry sand continuously rubs the test sample under the drive of the rubber wheel.

Further, in the step (1), the sample is heated by a resistance heater, and the friction and wear conditions at different temperatures are simulated.

Further, in the step (2), the dry sand is one or a mixture of quartz sand and ottawa sand.

Further, in the step (2), after the flowing dry sand rubs the abrasion sample, the flowing dry sand flows into a sand collecting tank for reuse.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: (1) the device has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in operation, mechanical equipment is not wasted, and the friction and wear condition in actual work can be better simulated, so that the tribology performance of the material and the friction and wear performance between the materials can be evaluated;

(2) the parameters are controllable and accurate, and various friction requirements can be met; the whole equipment has more control parameters, the sand flow, the wheel rotating speed and the applied load pressure can be adjusted, and more resistance heaters can be added to simulate friction under different working conditions;

(3) the equipment is simple to install and dismantle, and installation tests can be carried out anytime and anywhere; the operation steps are simple, less waste is generated, and dust is small.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of a sample in example 3 after abrasion;

FIG. 3 is a scanning electron micrograph of a sample in example 3 after abrasion;

FIG. 4 is a photograph of the sample of example 3 after abrasion.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.

In the figure, 1, a sand storage tank; 2. a speed controller; 3. a sand guide nozzle; 4. a servo motor; 5. a planetary reducer; 6. a rubber wheel; 7. a sample clamp; 8. a cylinder; 9. collecting a sand tank; 10. a resistance heating sheet; 11. and controlling the display.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the dry sand abrasion testing machine of the present invention comprises a sand storage tank 1, a speed controller 2, a sand guide nozzle 3, a servo motor 4, a planetary reducer 5, a rubber wheel 6, a sample clamp 7, a control display 11 and a power supply, wherein the bottom of the sand storage tank 1 is connected with the sand guide nozzle 3, and the sand guide nozzle 3 is used for guiding dry sand to flow out from the sand storage tank 1; the speed controller 2 is arranged on the sand guide nozzle 3 and is used for adjusting the flow speed of dry sand in the sand guide nozzle 3; the rubber wheel 6 and the sample clamp 7 are positioned on the same horizontal plane and are respectively placed on two sides below the sand guide nozzle 3, wherein the sand guide nozzle 3, the rubber wheel 6 and the sample clamp 7 are positioned at tangent positions; the rubber wheel 6 is sequentially connected with the planetary reducer 5 and the servo motor 4, and the planetary reducer 5 and the servo motor 4 are used for driving the rubber wheel 6 to rotate; the power supply is respectively and electrically connected with the control display 11, the servo motor 4 and the speed controller 2.

The control display 11 is connected with the servo motor 4 through wires and cables, the buttons on the control display can control the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the rubber wheel 6 connected with the planetary reducer 5 connected with the servo motor 4, and can display specific numerical values on a screen, so that parameters can be obtained visually.

Optionally, the dry sand abrasion tester may be externally covered with a housing for fixing the dry sand abrasion tester; a cylinder 8 can be connected behind the sample clamp 7, and the cylinder 8 is connected with an air compressor and used for applying load to the sample; the sample holder 7 is provided with a resistance heating chip 10, and the resistance heating chip 10 is used for heating a sample to simulate heating conditions.

Specifically, the volume of the sand storage tank 1 is measured, and 15 kg of sand can be loaded at one time, so that the time of a friction test is ensured; the sand guide nozzle 3 is made of tungsten carbide materials, so that the strength is ensured, and the mechanical damage to the sand guide nozzle in the sand abrasion process is avoided; the initial design rotating speed of the servo motor 4 is 3000 revolutions adjustable, the planetary reducer 5 with the ratio of 1 to 5 is added to reliably control the rotating speed, and the control and display of all parameters can be controlled and displayed on the controller; the cylinder 8 applies load to the sample, and the stroke of the cylinder can be regulated and controlled to adjust the contact area between the sample and the rubber wheel and the applied load; more importantly, the resistance heating sheet 10 can be independently selected and assembled and disassembled, friction tests at different temperatures can be simulated, and various test requirements can be met.

Example 2

The use method of the dry sand abrasion tester comprises the following steps:

(1) the rubber wheel is connected with a speed reducer of a speed controller, so that the rotating speed is adjusted, and the load applied to the sample by the air cylinder is adjusted; the rotating speed of the rubber wheel and the magnitude of the applied load can be adjusted to simulate the friction conditions under different working conditions, and the resistance heater can be freely assembled and disassembled to heat the sample, so that the friction and wear conditions under different temperatures can be simulated;

(2) the selected quartz sand flows downwards from the sand storage tank, flows out from the sand guide nozzle after being subjected to speed regulation by a speed controller, and is subjected to a friction experiment between a rotating rubber wheel and a clamp applying load pressure;

(3) finally, the sand flows into the sand collecting tank after a series of friction processes are complained, the collected quartz sand can be tested repeatedly, and the maximum utilization rate of consumables is improved.

Example 3

The sample is a coating brazed at 1060 ℃, the hardness of the coating is much higher than that of basic base materials such as other carbon steel, stainless steel and the like, and the abrasion condition of the sample is simulated according to the following steps:

(1) the air cylinder load is set to be 0.1MPA, the rotating speed of the rubber wheel is 144 revolutions per minute, and the running time of the testing machine is 5 hours;

(2) fixing the sample on a clamp, filling quartz sand into a sand storage tank, wherein the quartz sand is continuously discharged from the sand storage tank through a sand guide nozzle, and the flowing dry sand continuously rubs the sample under the drive of a rubber wheel;

and judging the abrasion condition of the sample by calculating the weight loss of the sample before and after abrasion or a scanning electron microscope image of the sample after abrasion.

8.9945g before grinding of the powder remained 8.6695g after 5 hours of abrasion, and the abrasion loss rate was 3.61%.

As shown in FIGS. 2-4, the sample was abraded for 5 hours under the above conditions, and a marked abrasion mark was observed on the surface of the coating.

The dry sand abrasion tester provided by the invention is simple and convenient to operate, does not generate excessive waste, is small in dust, is convenient and easy to install, and is a rapid and reliable abrasion test method. By adjusting the rotating speed, the sand flow rate and the applied load, test parameters under more conditions can be obtained, different types of sand can be purchased according to the requirements of the users, and the working conditions under different environments can be better simulated.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a dry sand abrasion testing machine, a serial communication port, including storing up sand jar (1), with sand mouth (3) of leading of storing up sand jar (1) bottom intercommunication, install speed controller (2) that are used for controlling the dry sand velocity of flow on leading sand mouth (3), be located rubber wheel (6) that lead sand mouth (3) below one side and connect gradually, planetary reducer (5) and servo motor (4), be located sample anchor clamps (7) of leading sand mouth (3) below opposite side, the power of connecting with speed controller (2) and servo motor (4) electricity.

2. The dry sand abrasion tester according to claim 1, further comprising a sand collecting tank (9), wherein the sand collecting tank (9) is located right below the sand guide nozzle (3).

3. The dry sand abrasion testing machine according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a cylinder (8) and an air compressor, wherein the cylinder (8) is connected with the sample clamp (7) and the air compressor respectively.

4. The dry sand abrasion testing machine according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a shell, wherein the shell covers the sand storage tank (1), the speed controller (2), the sand guide nozzle (3), the servo motor (4), the planetary speed reducer (5), the rubber wheel (6) and the sample clamp (7).

5. The dry sand abrasion tester according to claim 1, wherein a detachable resistance heating plate (10) is mounted on the jig (7) for heating the sample.

6. The dry sand abrasion tester according to claim 1, further comprising a control display (11), wherein the control display (11) is electrically connected with the servo motor (4) and is used for controlling and displaying the rotating speed and the steering direction of the rubber wheel (6).

7. Use of a dry sand abrasion tester according to any of claims 1-6, characterized by the following steps:

8. The use method of the dry sand abrasion tester according to claim 7, characterized in that in the step (1), the sample is heated by a resistance heater, and the friction and abrasion conditions at different temperatures are simulated.

9. The use method of the dry sand abrasion tester according to claim 7, wherein in the step (2), the dry sand is one or a mixture of quartz sand and ottawa sand.

10. The use method of the dry sand abrasion tester according to claim 7, characterized in that in the step (2), the flowing dry sand rubs the abrasion sample and then flows into the sand collecting tank for reuse.