CN106124350B - A kind of detection method of workpiece wear-resisting property - Google Patents
A kind of detection method of workpiece wear-resisting property Download PDFInfo
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- CN106124350B CN106124350B CN201610796242.5A CN201610796242A CN106124350B CN 106124350 B CN106124350 B CN 106124350B CN 201610796242 A CN201610796242 A CN 201610796242A CN 106124350 B CN106124350 B CN 106124350B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of detection methods of workpiece wear-resisting property, are related to metal material wearability detection technique field.The present invention is the following steps are included: step A, preparation；Step B, sample block is processed；Step C, sample block is installed；Step D, abrasive material is installed additional；Step E, constant temperature is set；Step F, detection carries out: a step by step: opening motor, and the revolving speed of main shaft is made to maintain low or first gear, motor is closed after being kept for X hour, taking-up is all to weigh to test sample block and standard sample, and respectively, then reinstalls the packaged chuck of sample as former state；B step by step: opening motor, and the revolving speed of main shaft is made to maintain mid ranger, and motor is closed after being kept for Y hour, and taking-up is all to test sample block and standard sample；C step by step: opening motor, and the revolving speed of main shaft is made to maintain top gear, closes motor after being kept for Z hours.The present invention can sufficiently reflect the practical every wear-resisting property having of wearing piece.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal material wearability detection technique fields, more specifically to a kind of workpiece wear-resisting property
Detection method.
Background technique
Engineering mechanical device needs to use a large amount of vulnerable part, and at present in the R&D process of vulnerable part new product, promotion makes
It is dominant direction with the service life, in engineering mechanical device, the promotion of vulnerable part service life a, a crucial factor just exists
In the promotion of the Wear Resistance Mechanism research and wear-resisting property of new material.Wearing piece is generally produced by way of casting, and common is resistance to
Mill part is stirring blade, hollow abrading-ball etc..The polishing machine of metal material is one of its important performance indexes.In material application
Under many occasions or environmental condition, the abrasion of material is inevitable, therefore application of the wear-resisting property of material to material
It is to have important influence.
For the vulnerable part in concrete conveying equipment, wear form is mainly abrasive wear, simultaneous
Contact fatique wear, erosive wear, corrosive wear etc..So-called abrasive wear is exactly that hard abrasive grain or projection are acted in load
Under, relative motion on the surface of the workpiece when contacting with each other with machine parts surface leads to the migration and loss of workpiece surface material
A kind of phenomenon or process.
The main abrasion mechanism of abrasive wear has: micro cutting abrasion mechanism, multiple flow lead to the abrasion machine of fracture
Reason, fatigue wear mechanism and Micro-fracture peel off abrasion mechanism etc..It is related for the wear-resisting property that can preferably reflect certain material
Numerous abrasion testers for the detection of wear-resistant material wear-resisting property are proposed in technology, most of testing machines are in simulation concrete
The wear medium selected when operating condition is sand and water, and Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of abrasion tester in the prior art, Fig. 1
In include rubber wheel 102, sand aqueous mixtures 101, counterweight 104, hopper 103 and sample, in the abrasion tester of this structure, rubber
Rubber tire 102 is rotated in rubber wheel 102 and is rubbed with sample, and the quantity by adjusting counterweight 104 comes Control Assay and rubber
Pressure between rubber tire 102.But this abrasion tester structure is relatively easy, test function is single, can only be to individual sample
It is tested, replaces sample and slurry trouble, cannot achieve the comparison of sample and raw material, measurement error is big.
Liquid fixed double phase flow or single-phase flow wash-out wear phenomenon are prevalent in the industries such as hydrometallurgy, chemical industry, mining, water power
In, since there are reciprocations between erosive wear and corrosion, its usual material bleed rate is than pure corrosion and pure erosive wear
The sum of it is much greater, hazard ratio it is single corrosion or single erosive wear it is more serious, be to cause various shurry pumps, valve, pipeline etc.
The major reason of flow passage components Rapid Damage.
The erosive wear device of domestic and foreign scholars' exploitation has rotary, injecting type, fluid-guiding type and four seed type of combined type, this
Four kinds of experimental rigs have their own characteristics each and advantage and disadvantage, are suitable for different multiphase flows, two phase flow or single-phase flow wash-out wear working condition condition.
Wherein, revolving type experiments device is suitable for simulating and analysis slurry impeller of pump, the rotary parts such as agitating paddle are starched or single-phase in solvent or diluent
Erosive wear behavior in fluid, and rotary process has many advantages, such as that equipment is simple, at low cost, experimental period is short, according to sample
Mounting means mainly has rotating disk, rotary shaft and three kinds of rotor.Such as patent publication No.: 104849162 A of CN, it is open
Day: on August 19th, 2015, invention and created name are as follows: a kind of impact angle and concentration controllable type erosion abrasion test device, the Shen
Please case disclose a kind of impact angle and concentration controllable type erosion abrasion test device, including agitating shaft, funnel, impeller, discharging
It is mouth, test kettle, nut, screw rod, connecting rod, eccentric wheel, fixture, coupons, motor, controller, support frame, the first water filling port, close
Capping, the second water filling port, constant temperature water bath, temperature sensor, heater, water outlet, upper door frame, thermal insulation layer, lower door frame, position
Detector, electronic upper bottom door, electronic lower bottom door and accumulator tank, motor are installed on the support frame, and support frame is mounted on sealing cover,
Motor is connected by shaft coupling with agitating shaft, and controller is installed on the support frame, and controller is connected to the motor by conducting wire, sealing
Cover separable be mounted on test kettle；The advantages of this application is: the device can simulate extensively water turbine overflowing component not
The advantages of same erosion-corrosion environment has structure simple, is convenient for operation.But this application is disadvantageous in that: being unable to fully anti-
Reflect the practical every wear-resisting property having of wearing piece.
In conclusion how to design a kind of detection method of workpiece wear-resisting property, sufficiently reflecting that wearing piece is practical has
Every wear-resisting property is a technical problem of worth research in the prior art.
Summary of the invention
1. technical problems to be solved by the inivention
It is an object of the invention to overcome wear sensing equipment in the prior art to be unable to fully the reflection practical tool of wearing piece
The deficiency for the every wear-resisting property having provides a kind of detection method of workpiece wear-resisting property, sufficiently reflects wearing piece reality
The every wear-resisting property having.
2. technical solution
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical solution provided by the invention are as follows:
The detection method of workpiece wear-resisting property of the invention, comprising the following steps:
Step A, preparation；
Step B, sample block is processed；
Step C, sample block is installed；
Step D, abrasive material is installed additional；
Step E, constant temperature is set；
Step F, detection carries out.
As further improvement of the present invention, step A includes following operation:
Abrasion wear test machine is got out, detects device therefor as this；
Step B includes following operation:
Workpiece for measurement sample and standard workpiece sample are processed into the identical sample block of size shape, respectively obtained to test sample
Block and standard sample；
Step C includes following operation:
Place in a clamping hole of the packaged chuck of sample and be locked to test sample block, and with positioning bolt, and with it is upper
It states and places corresponding standard sample in another clamping hole of same diameter line to test sample block, and locked admittedly with positioning bolt
It is fixed；
Step D includes following operation:
Abrasive material is added into abrasive material bucket, and the liquid level of abrasive material in abrasive material bucket is made to exceed one spacing of sample block upper surface
From；
Step E includes following operation:
Heating mechanism is opened, so that abrasive material temperature within the barrel maintains setting value；
Step F includes following operation:
Detection process be divided into it is following step by step:
A step by step: opening motor, and the revolving speed of main shaft is made to maintain low or first gear, closes motor after being kept for X hours, takes
It is all out to weigh to test sample block and standard sample, and respectively, the packaged chuck of sample is then reinstalled as former state；
B step by step: opening motor, and the revolving speed of main shaft is made to maintain mid ranger, closes motor after being kept for Y hours, takes
It is all out to weigh to test sample block and standard sample, and respectively, the packaged chuck of sample is then reinstalled as former state；
C step by step: opening motor, and the revolving speed of main shaft is made to maintain top gear, closes motor after being kept for Z hours, takes
It is all out to weigh to test sample block and standard sample, and respectively.
As further improvement of the present invention, the abrasion wear test machine includes power plant module, the packaged chuck of sample, abrasive material
Bucket, moisturizing module, lifting module and heating module；
The power plant module is fixed with sample on the packaged chuck of sample for driving the packaged chuck of sample to rotate in abrasive material bucket
Block；The moisturizing module is for supplementing water into abrasive material bucket；The lifting module protrudes into abrasive material bucket for controlling the packaged chuck of sample
Interior depth；The heating module is used to control the temperature in abrasive material bucket.
As further improvement of the present invention, the power plant module includes motor, transmission mechanism and main shaft, the main shaft
It is arranged in vertical and is located at the top of abrasive material bucket, motor drives main shaft to rotate by transmission mechanism；The motor is stepless
Variable speed electric motors, particularly.
As further improvement of the present invention, the packaged chuck of sample is removably attachable to lower end and the sample block of main shaft
Clamping disk is horizontally disposed, and clamping hole is circumferentially equally spacedly equipped on the packaged chuck of sample, and the clamping hole is edge
The through-hole of the vertical direction perforation packaged chuck of sample；The outside of each clamping hole is equipped with location hole, and the location hole is packaged from sample
Chuck lateral surface extends to the horizontal direction through-hole of corresponding location hole；The positioning hole is threaded with positioning bolt.
As further improvement of the present invention, the moisturizing module includes water supply tank, and motor is installed on base, on base
Equipped with the connecting column extended to main shaft direction, the connecting column is horizontally disposed；Moisturizing is installed on the connecting column
Case, the water supply tank are connected to by pipeline with abrasive material bucket；One end of the connecting column is equipped with bearing block, be equipped on the bearing block with
The bearing that main shaft is cooperatively connected；
Bung is equipped at the top of the abrasive material bucket, which is equipped with the through-hole passed through for main shaft, and bung uses transparent material
Material production；Watering controller is installed, the pipeline that water supply tank is connected to abrasive material bucket is equipped with electrically operated valve, mill on the water supply tank
Liquidometer is equipped in charging basket, the electrically operated valve, the liquidometer are connect with the watering controller.
As further improvement of the present invention, the heating module includes heating mechanism, which is resistance wire
Heating device, the abrasive material bucket are placed on the Resistant heating device；The lifting module includes elevating mechanism, the elevator
Structure is the lifting cylinder of vertical direction setting, and the heating mechanism is installed on the lifting cylinder.
As further improvement of the present invention, in step B, the identical sample block structure of the size shape is as follows: described
The longitudinal cross-section of sample block be it is "T"-shaped, the width on the sample block top is greater than the internal diameter of the clamping hole, and the width of sample block lower part is less than
Equal to the internal diameter of the clamping hole, the length of sample block lower part is greater than the length of the clamping hole.
As further improvement of the present invention, step by step in a, after main shaft maintains low or first gear to rotate .X hours, electricity is closed
Machine will be located at exchanging to test sample block and standard sample position for same diameter line, be then turned on motor, make to lead on the packaged chuck of sample
Axis maintains low or first gear to continue to rotate 0.5X hours；
Step by step in b, after main shaft maintains mid ranger to rotate .Y hours, motor is closed, it is same by being located on the packaged chuck of sample
Exchanging to test sample block and standard sample position for diameter line, is then turned on motor, makes main shaft that mid ranger be maintained to continue to rotate 0.5Y
Hour；
Step by step in c, after main shaft maintains top gear to rotate .Z hours, motor is closed, it is same by being located on the packaged chuck of sample
Exchanging to test sample block and standard sample position for diameter line, is then turned on motor, makes main shaft that top gear be maintained to continue to rotate 0.5Z
Hour.
As further improvement of the present invention, the low or first gear, the mid ranger, the top gear revolving speed be respectively
150~250r/min, 250~350r/min, 400~500r/min, the numerical value of X, Y, Z is respectively 22~24,46~48,70~
72。
3. beneficial effect
Using technical solution provided by the invention, compared with prior art, there is following remarkable result:
(1) in invention, a, step by step b and the operation of c step by step step by step will be carried out to test sample block and standard sample, it can
Sufficiently analysis obtains the practical every wear-resisting property having of wearing piece, better adapts to actual condition for different wearing pieces and provides skill
Art reference and theoretical foundation.
(2) design abrasion wear test machine in the present invention as follows: main shaft is arranged in vertical and is located at the top of abrasive material bucket,
One end of connecting column is equipped with bearing block, and the bearing being cooperatively connected with main shaft is equipped on the bearing block, and the packaged chuck of sample is detachable
Ground is connected to the lower end of main shaft and the packaged chuck of sample is horizontally disposed；By above-mentioned design, it ensure that the packaged chuck of sample exists
When rotation, what the plane of rotation was horizontally oriented；Meanwhile in the present embodiment, the longitudinal cross-section of sample block be it is "T"-shaped, due to sample block
" T " shape structure, sample block lower part be inserted into clamping hole after, the lower surface on sample block top and the upper surface of the packaged chuck of sample are mutually pasted
It closes, positioning action is played to sample block, it is ensured that sample block lower part keeps vertical direction setting.
(3) in the present invention, inventor is creatively proposed after the rotation that each main shaft carries out half the time, and sample is packaged
Exchanging to test sample block and standard sample position positioned at same diameter line on chuck, since the packaged chuck of sample is axially symmetric structure,
The operation exchanged by above-mentioned position can will be located at the different impacts of same diameter line being subject to test sample block and standard sample
Condition is overlapped neutralization, so that the compressive stroke condition of same diameter line being subject to test sample block and standard sample is basic
It being consistent, the angle to test sample block and standard sample and vertical direction reached even if same diameter line has smaller difference,
The two be can control when detecting by essentially identical compressive stroke condition；Meanwhile by each to be measured of diametrically line
Sample block and standard sample carry out above-mentioned position and exchange operation, can ensure all sample blocks by approximately uniform to the maximum extent
Compressive stroke condition, thus to be provided using the technique study workpiece wear-resisting property testing result of comparative analysis, comprehensive descision
Theoretical foundation and premise.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached
Figure is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as pair
The restriction of range for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also be according to this
A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of abrasion tester in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of abrasion wear test machine in embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the packaged chuck of sample in embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of sample block in embodiment 1；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the detection method of the workpiece wear-resisting property of embodiment 1.
Label declaration in schematic diagram:
101, sand aqueous mixtures；102, rubber wheel；103, hopper；104, counterweight；2, motor；3, transmission mechanism；4, main shaft；
5, connecting column；6, base；7, bearing block；8, bearing；9, water supply tank；10, abrasive material bucket；11, the packaged chuck of sample；1101, clamping hole；
1102, location hole；1103, positioning bolt；12, elevating mechanism；13, heating mechanism；14, sample block.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Therefore, below to the embodiment of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings
Detailed description be not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but be merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.
Based on the embodiments of the present invention, obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts all
Other embodiments shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
To further appreciate that the contents of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 2~5, the detection method of the workpiece wear-resisting property of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
Step A, preparation；
Abrasion wear test machine is got out, detects device therefor as this；
Abrasion wear test machine in the present embodiment includes power plant module, the packaged chuck 11 of sample, abrasive material bucket 10, moisturizing module, rises
Module and heating module drop；Power plant module is for driving the packaged chuck 11 of sample to rotate in abrasive material bucket 10, on the packaged chuck 11 of sample
It is fixed with sample block 14 (by rotation of the packaged chuck 11 of sample in abrasive material bucket 10, the environment of the frayed erosion of simulation workpiece)；It mends
Water module is used to supplement water (reducing to avoid the abrasive material in abrasive material bucket 10 because of evaporation) into abrasive material bucket 10；Lifting module is used for
The depth that the control packaged chuck 11 of sample protrudes into abrasive material bucket 10 (to ensure that the packaged chuck 11 of sample is immersed in abrasive material always, is being examined
It is come into full contact with always with abrasive material during surveying)；The temperature that heating module is used to control in abrasive material bucket 10 is (frayed with simulation workpiece
The environment of erosion, close to actual working conditions).
Power plant module includes motor 2, transmission mechanism 3 and main shaft 4, and main shaft 4 is arranged in vertical and is located at abrasive material bucket 10
Top, motor 2 drives main shaft 4 to rotate by transmission mechanism 3 (can for belt or transmission shaft)；Motor 2 is stepless speed-change motor
(stepless speed-change motor is used, 2 revolving speed of motor is continuously adjusted, subsequent detection is facilitated.)
The packaged chuck 11 of sample is removably attachable to the lower end of main shaft 4 and the horizontally disposed (tool of the packaged chuck 11 of sample
In body the present embodiment, the lower end of main shaft 4 is threadedly coupled with the center point of the packaged chuck 11 of sample), on the packaged chuck 11 of sample circumferentially
Equally spacedly being equipped with clamping hole 1101 (can disposably install multiple sample blocks 14 to be detected, in specific the present embodiment, sample is packaged
Uniformly distributed 8 clamping holes 1101 on chuck 11), clamping hole 1101 is the through-hole for vertically penetrating through the packaged chuck 11 of sample；Each
The outside of clamping hole 1101 is equipped with location hole 1102, and location hole 1102 is to extend to corresponding positioning from packaged 11 lateral surface of chuck of sample
The horizontal direction through-hole in hole 1102；1102 internal screw thread of location hole is connected with positioning bolt 1103.(pass through clamping hole 1101 and positioning
Sample block 14 can be easily fixed on the packaged chuck 11 of sample by hole 1102.)
Moisturizing module includes water supply tank 9, motor 2 is installed on base 6, and base 6 is equipped with to be extended to 4 direction of main shaft
Connecting column 5, the connecting column 5 are horizontally disposed；Water supply tank 9 is installed, which passes through pipeline and mill on connecting column 5
Charging basket 10 is connected to；One end of connecting column 5 is equipped with bearing block 7, and the bearing 8 being cooperatively connected with main shaft 4 is equipped on the bearing block 7；
Bung is equipped at the top of abrasive material bucket 10, which is equipped with the through-hole passed through for main shaft 4, and bung uses transparent material
Production (by the way that bung can conveniently, in real-time opposite grinding charging basket 10 situation be monitored, and can prevent abrasive material from splashing)；Water supply tank
Watering controller is installed, the pipeline that water supply tank 9 is connected to abrasive material bucket 10 is equipped with electrically operated valve, is equipped in abrasive material bucket 10 on 9
Liquidometer, electrically operated valve, liquidometer are connect with watering controller.(liquidometer is used to monitor the water level in abrasive material bucket 10, works as mill
When water level in charging basket 10 is lower than certain value, watering controller can control electrically operated valve opening, to mend into abrasive material bucket 10
Water.)
Heating module includes heating mechanism 13, which is Resistant heating device, and abrasive material bucket 10 is placed in resistance
On silk heating device；Going up and down module includes elevating mechanism 12, which is the lifting cylinder of vertical direction setting, heating
Mechanism 13 is installed on lifting cylinder.
When using abrasion wear test machine in the present embodiment, it should be noted that a problem be just to maintain the packaged chuck 11 of sample
The sample block 14 of upper installation is arranged in vertical, to ensure that the impact condition that all sample blocks 14 are subject in abrasive material bucket 10 is kept
Unanimously, for this purpose, in the present embodiment that abrasion wear test machine design is as follows: main shaft 4 is arranged in vertical and is located at abrasive material bucket 10
Top, one end of connecting column 5 are equipped with bearing block 7, the bearing 8 being cooperatively connected with main shaft 4 are equipped on the bearing block 7, sample is packaged
Chuck 11 is removably attachable to the lower end of main shaft 4 and the packaged chuck 11 of sample is horizontally disposed；By above-mentioned design, guarantee
Sample packaged chuck 11 in rotation, what the plane of rotation was horizontally oriented；Meanwhile in the present embodiment, the longitudinal direction of sample block 14 is cut
Face be it is "T"-shaped, the width on 14 top of sample block is greater than the internal diameter of clamping hole 1101, and the width of 14 lower part of sample block is less than or equal to clamping
The internal diameter in hole 1101, the length of 14 lower part of sample block is greater than the length of clamping hole 1101, due to the " T " shape structure of sample block 14, in sample
After clamping hole 1101 is inserted into 14 lower part of block, the lower surface on 14 top of sample block and the upper surface of the packaged chuck 11 of sample are bonded to each other, right
Sample block 14 plays positioning action, it is ensured that 14 lower part of sample block keeps vertical direction setting.It needs to be emphasized that sample block 14 is resistance to
Mill detection when, it is ensured that the impact condition that all sample blocks 14 are subject in abrasive material bucket 10 be consistent be it is very crucial because resistance to
Mill detection is general to carry out a couple of days, some are permitted difference to the impact condition that not same block 14 is subject to, and will make after the completion of finally detecting
The degree of wear difference being subject in the different sides of not same block 14 is huge, is unfavorable for correctly obtaining the result of wear-resisting detection；And
This problem is often had ignored in the prior art, not in view of needing strictly to keep sample block 14 into vertical direction setting, thus
The impact condition for causing different sample blocks 14 to be subject to difference, finally due to each sample block 14 under the conditions of different impacts into
Row detection, thus can not be using the result that the technique study workpiece wear-resisting property of comparative analysis, comprehensive descision detects (because at this time
Each sample block 14 is detected under an individual operating condition, and testing result is for the case under the specific operation, reference
Value less, while not meeting the requirement of control variate method yet.)
Step B, sample block is processed；
Workpiece for measurement sample and standard workpiece sample are processed into the identical sample block 14 of size shape, respectively obtained to be measured
Sample block and standard sample；
In step B, identical 14 structure of sample block of size shape is as follows: the longitudinal cross-section of sample block 14 is "T"-shaped, the sample block 14
The width on top is greater than the internal diameter of clamping hole 1101, and the width of 14 lower part of sample block is less than or equal to the internal diameter of clamping hole 1101, sample block
The length of 14 lower parts is greater than the length of clamping hole 1101.
Step C, sample block is installed；
It places in a clamping hole 1101 of the packaged chuck 11 of sample to test sample block, and is locked admittedly with positioning bolt 1103
It is fixed, and with place corresponding standard sample (herein in above-mentioned another clamping hole 1101 to test sample block along same diameter line
Diameter line refer to the diameter line on the packaged chuck 11 of sample), and be locked with positioning bolt 1103, prevent from taking off in detection process
It falls；
Step D, abrasive material is installed additional；
Be added into abrasive material bucket 10 abrasive material (abrasive material can be the slurries such as pitch, concrete, in the present embodiment, abrasive material be water and
Husky mixture), and the liquid level of abrasive material in abrasive material bucket 10 is made to exceed 14 upper surface certain distance of sample block, due to the packaged chuck of sample
Centrifugal force can be generated when 11 rotation, so that the abrasive material liquid level close to packaged 11 center position of chuck of sample declines, in order to guarantee sample
Sample block 14 is still in abrasive material always when packaged chuck 11 rotates, and needs that abrasive material in abrasive material bucket 10 is arranged before starting to detect
Liquid level exceeds 14 upper surface certain distance of sample block, according to the revolving speed of the packaged chuck 11 of sample in the present embodiment, selects in the present embodiment
The liquid level that abrasive material in abrasive material bucket 10 is arranged before starting to detect exceeds 14 2~4cm of upper surface of sample block；
Step E, constant temperature is set；
Heating mechanism 13 is opened, so that temperature maintains setting value in abrasive material bucket 10；
Step F, detection carries out.
Detection process be divided into it is following step by step:
A step by step: opening motor 2, and make the revolving speed of main shaft 4 maintain low or first gear (150~250r/min, it is specific this
150r/min is taken in embodiment), keep X (22~24, close motor 2 after 22) hour is taken in specific the present embodiment, take out all
It weighs to test sample block and standard sample, and respectively, then reinstalls the packaged chuck 11 of sample as former state；
B step by step: opening motor 2, and make the revolving speed of main shaft 4 maintain mid ranger (250~350r/min, it is specific this
250r/min is taken in embodiment), keep Y (46~48, close motor 2 after 46) hour is taken in specific the present embodiment, take out all
It weighs to test sample block and standard sample, and respectively, then reinstalls the packaged chuck 11 of sample as former state；
C step by step: opening motor 2, and make the revolving speed of main shaft 4 maintain top gear (400~500r/min, it is specific this
400r/min is taken in embodiment), keep Z (70~72, close motor 2 after 70) hour is taken in specific the present embodiment, take out all
It weighs to test sample block and standard sample, and respectively；
It is significant to note that being explicitly pointed out in the present embodiment:
Step by step in a, after main shaft 4 maintains low or first gear to rotate 0.5X hours, motor 2 is closed, the packaged chuck 11 of sample is upper
In exchanging to test sample block and standard sample position for same diameter line, it is then turned on motor 2, makes main shaft 4 that low or first gear be maintained to continue
Rotation 0.5X hours；
Step by step in b, after main shaft 4 maintains mid ranger to rotate 0.5Y hours, motor 2 is closed, the packaged chuck 11 of sample is upper
In exchanging to test sample block and standard sample position for same diameter line, it is then turned on motor 2, makes main shaft 4 that mid ranger be maintained to continue
Rotation 0.5Y hours；
Step by step in c, after main shaft 4 maintains top gear to rotate 0.5Z hours, motor 2 is closed, the packaged chuck 11 of sample is upper
In exchanging to test sample block and standard sample position for same diameter line, it is then turned on motor 2, makes main shaft 4 that top gear be maintained to continue
Rotation 0.5Z hours.
In the present embodiment, although designing by the structure above to abrasion wear test machine and sample block 14, maximum journey is had been able to
Degree ground ensures that each sample block 14 keeps vertical direction setting, so that it is by identical impact condition, but is actually examined
When survey, due to mechanical oscillation, device installation accuracy and apparatus structure dimensional accuracy etc., still it is difficult to protect completely
It demonstrate,proves each sample block 14 and keeps vertical direction setting, all by identical impact condition, not can avoid to solve this
The technical issues of, inventor creatively proposes after the rotation that each main shaft 4 carries out half the time, will be on the packaged chuck 11 of sample
Pass through positioned at being exchanged to test sample block and standard sample position for same diameter line since the packaged chuck 11 of sample is axially symmetric structure
The operation that above-mentioned position is exchanged can will be located at the different impact conditions of same diameter line being subject to test sample block and standard sample
It is overlapped neutralization, so that the compressive stroke condition of same diameter line being subject to test sample block and standard sample is kept substantially
Unanimously (this principle can illustrate expression, such as A ≠ B, but 0.5A+0.5B=0.5B+0.5A), reach even if same diameter line
The angle to test sample block and standard sample and vertical direction have smaller difference, both also can control when detecting by basic phase
Same compressive stroke condition；Meanwhile above-mentioned position is carried out by each test sample block and standard sample treated to diametrically line
Operation is exchanged, can ensure all sample blocks 14 to the maximum extent by approximately uniform compressive stroke condition, thus for utilization pair
Technique study workpiece wear-resisting property testing result than analysis, comprehensive descision provides theoretical foundation and premise.
It is emphasized that: (1) workpiece different impact under the conditions of, anti abrasive performance change, and passes through
Detect this variation, can better choice, determine that the reality of workpiece is applicable in operating condition, extend its service life, but existing skill
When art carries out abrasion detection to workpiece, above-mentioned variation is not considered；(2) specific to add since workpiece is when being heat-treated
The difference of work condition will cause the property qualitative difference such as its quenching hardness, harden ability, to cause workpiece from appearance towards center
Abrasion resistance properties do not consider above-mentioned difference there are difference, but when the prior art carries out abrasion detection to workpiece.Above-mentioned two
Point is the technical issues of inventor summarizes discovery in actual operation, and is not had to above-mentioned technical problem in the prior art clear
Ground is proposed and is recorded, and those of ordinary skill in the art also tend to be difficult to expect above-mentioned technical problem.It is proposed for inventor upper
Face two o'clock technical problem explicitly points out in the present embodiment: the process of will test is divided into a, step by step b and c step by step step by step, and point
Step a, step by step b and step by step in c the revolving speed of main shaft 4 is respectively maintained at low or first gear, mid ranger, top gear, above-mentioned design is
Based on considered below: (1) detecting frayed situation of the sample block 14 under different 4 revolving speeds of main shaft, i.e., sample block 14 is in varying strength
Impact the performance of its lower abrasion resistance properties；(2) performance of abrasion resistance properties of the detection sample block 14 from surface to center.
It is specific as follows, a, step by step b and step by step after c step by step are carried out after test sample block and standard sample, it can be from following
Two dimensions are analyzed: (1) by each weighing data, analyzing the frayed feelings under different 4 revolving speeds of main shaft of sample block 14
Condition, and by the data comparison to test sample block and standard sample analyzes to test sample block the wearability under the impact of varying strength
How is the performance of energy；(2) sample block 14 is successively by a step by step, step by step b and c step by step, to make sample block 14 from surface in
The part of the heart is successively worn, such as certain situation: after a step by step, a pair of abrasion loss to test sample block and standard sample
Difference is little, but after continuing through b step by step, this treats test sample block and the abrasion loss difference of standard sample is larger, specific table
It now is significantly greater than standard sample for the abrasion loss to test sample block, in such a case, it is possible to illustrate, this treats test sample block and standard
Sample block close to superficial layer part abrasion resistance properties it is roughly the same, but by paracentral part to the wear-resistant of test sample block
Performance can not show a candle to standard sample, is analyzed by technology above, can preferably select, determine that workpiece for measurement can be actually applicable in
Operating condition.In conclusion by a, step by step b and the operation of c step by step step by step, energy is carried out to test sample block and standard sample
Enough sufficiently analyses obtain the practical every wear-resisting property having of wearing piece, better adapt to actual condition for different wearing pieces and provide
Technical Reference and theoretical foundation.
Embodiment 2
The detection method of the workpiece wear-resisting property of the present embodiment, basic step is same as Example 1, and difference exists
In:
In step F, detection process be divided into it is following step by step:
A step by step: opening motor 2, and make the revolving speed of main shaft 4 maintain low or first gear (150~250r/min, it is specific this
250r/min is taken in embodiment), keep X (22~24, close motor 2 after 24) hour is taken in specific the present embodiment, take out all
It weighs to test sample block and standard sample, and respectively, then reinstalls the packaged chuck 11 of sample as former state；
B step by step: opening motor 2, and make the revolving speed of main shaft 4 maintain mid ranger (250~350r/min, it is specific this
350r/min is taken in embodiment), keep Y (46~48, close motor 2 after 48) hour is taken in specific the present embodiment, take out all
It weighs to test sample block and standard sample, and respectively, then reinstalls the packaged chuck 11 of sample as former state；
C step by step: opening motor 2, and make the revolving speed of main shaft 4 maintain top gear (400~500r/min, it is specific this
500r/min is taken in embodiment), keep Z (70~72, close motor 2 after 72) hour is taken in specific the present embodiment, take out all
It weighs to test sample block and standard sample, and respectively.
Embodiment 3
The detection method of the workpiece wear-resisting property of the present embodiment, basic step is same as Example 1, and difference exists
In:
In step F, detection process be divided into it is following step by step:
A step by step: opening motor 2, and make the revolving speed of main shaft 4 maintain low or first gear (150~250r/min, it is specific this
200r/min is taken in embodiment), keep X (22~24, close motor 2 after 23) hour is taken in specific the present embodiment, take out all
It weighs to test sample block and standard sample, and respectively, then reinstalls the packaged chuck 11 of sample as former state；
B step by step: opening motor 2, and make the revolving speed of main shaft 4 maintain mid ranger (250~350r/min, it is specific this
300r/min is taken in embodiment), keep Y (46~48, close motor 2 after 47) hour is taken in specific the present embodiment, take out all
It weighs to test sample block and standard sample, and respectively, then reinstalls the packaged chuck 11 of sample as former state；
C step by step: opening motor 2, and make the revolving speed of main shaft 4 maintain top gear (400~500r/min, it is specific this
450r/min is taken in embodiment), keep Z (70~72, close motor 2 after 71) hour is taken in specific the present embodiment, take out all
It weighs to test sample block and standard sample, and respectively.
Schematically the present invention and embodiments thereof are described above, description is not limiting, institute in attached drawing
What is shown is also one of embodiments of the present invention, and actual structure is not limited to this.So if the common skill of this field
Art personnel are enlightened by it, without departing from the spirit of the invention, are not inventively designed and the technical solution
Similar frame mode and embodiment, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of detection method of workpiece wear-resisting property, which comprises the following steps:
Step A, preparation, wherein step A includes following operation:
Abrasion wear test machine is got out, detects device therefor as this；
Step B, sample block is processed, wherein step B includes following operation:
Workpiece for measurement sample and standard workpiece sample are processed into the identical sample block (14) of size shape, respectively obtained to test sample
Block and standard sample；
Step C, sample block is installed, wherein step C includes following operation:
It places on a clamping hole (1101) of the packaged chuck of sample (11) to test sample block, and is locked admittedly with positioning bolt (1103)
It is fixed, and with place corresponding standard sample in above-mentioned another clamping hole (1101) to test sample block along same diameter line, and
It is locked with positioning bolt (1103)；
Step D, abrasive material is installed additional, wherein step D includes following operation:
Abrasive material is added into abrasive material bucket (10), and the liquid level of abrasive material bucket (10) interior abrasive material is made to exceed sample block (14) upper surface
Certain distance；
Step E, constant temperature is set, and wherein step E includes following operation:
It opens heating mechanism (13), so that abrasive material bucket (10) interior temperature maintains setting value；
Step F, detection carries out, and wherein step F includes following operation:
Detection process be divided into it is following step by step:
A step by step: opening motor (2), and the revolving speed of main shaft (4) is made to maintain low or first gear, closes motor after being kept for X hours
(2), taking-up is all weighs to test sample block and standard sample, and respectively, then reinstalls the packaged chuck of sample (11) as former state；
B step by step: opening motor (2), and the revolving speed of main shaft (4) is made to maintain mid ranger, closes motor after being kept for Y hours
(2), taking-up is all weighs to test sample block and standard sample, and respectively, then reinstalls the packaged chuck of sample (11) as former state；
C step by step: opening motor (2), and the revolving speed of main shaft (4) is made to maintain top gear, closes motor after being kept for Z hours
(2), taking-up is all weighs to test sample block and standard sample, and respectively.
2. the detection method of workpiece wear-resisting property according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The abrasion wear test machine include power plant module, the packaged chuck of sample (11), abrasive material bucket (10), moisturizing module, lifting module and
Heating module；
The power plant module is for driving the packaged chuck of sample (11) to rotate in abrasive material bucket (10), on the packaged chuck of sample (11)
It is fixed with sample block (14)；The moisturizing module is used to supplement water into abrasive material bucket (10)；The lifting module is for controlling sample block
Clamping disk (11) protrudes into the depth in abrasive material bucket (10)；The heating module is used to control the temperature in abrasive material bucket (10).
3. the detection method of workpiece wear-resisting property according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the power plant module includes electricity
Machine (2), transmission mechanism (3) and main shaft (4), the main shaft (4) are arranged in vertical and are located at the top of abrasive material bucket (10), electricity
Machine (2) drives main shaft (4) rotation by transmission mechanism (3)；The motor (2) is stepless speed-change motor.
4. the detection method of workpiece wear-resisting property according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the packaged chuck of sample (11)
It is removably attachable to the lower end of main shaft (4) and the packaged chuck of sample (11) is horizontally disposed, the packaged chuck of sample (11)
On circumferentially equally spacedly be equipped with clamping hole (1101), the clamping hole (1101) be vertically penetrate through the packaged chuck of sample
(11) through-hole；The outside of each clamping hole (1101) is equipped with location hole (1102), and the location hole (1102) is packaged from sample
Chuck (11) lateral surface extends to the horizontal direction through-hole of corresponding location hole (1102)；Location hole (1102) the internal screw thread connection
There are positioning bolt (1103).
5. the detection method of workpiece wear-resisting property according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the moisturizing module includes mending
Water tank (9), motor (2) are installed on base (6), and base (6) is equipped with the connecting column (5) extended to main shaft (4) direction, should
Connecting column (5) is horizontally disposed；Water supply tank (9) are installed on the connecting column (5), the water supply tank (9) by pipeline with
Abrasive material bucket (10) connection；One end of the connecting column (5) is equipped with bearing block (7), is equipped on the bearing block (7) and main shaft (4)
The bearing (8) of mating connection；
Bung is equipped at the top of the abrasive material bucket (10), which is equipped with the through-hole passed through for main shaft (4), and bung is using transparent
Material production；Watering controller is installed on the water supply tank (9), is set on the pipeline that water supply tank (9) is connected to abrasive material bucket (10)
There is electrically operated valve, liquidometer is equipped in abrasive material bucket (10), the electrically operated valve, the liquidometer connect with the watering controller
It connects.
6. the detection method of workpiece wear-resisting property according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the heating module includes adding
Heat engine structure (13), the heating mechanism (13) are Resistant heating device, and the abrasive material bucket (10) is placed in the Resistant heating dress
It sets；The lifting module includes elevating mechanism (12), which is the lifting cylinder of vertical direction setting, described
Heating mechanism (13) is installed on the lifting cylinder.
7. the detection method of workpiece wear-resisting property according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: in step B, the size shape
Identical sample block (14) structure of shape is as follows: the longitudinal cross-section of the sample block (14) be it is "T"-shaped, the width on sample block (14) top is big
Internal diameter in the clamping hole (1101), the width of sample block (14) lower part are less than or equal to the internal diameter of the clamping hole (1101), sample
The length of block (14) lower part is greater than the length of the clamping hole (1101).
8. the detection method of workpiece wear-resisting property according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
Step by step in a, after main shaft (4) maintains low or first gear to rotate 0.5X hours, close motor (2), it will be on the packaged chuck of sample (11)
Positioned at exchanging to test sample block and standard sample position for same diameter line, motor (2) are then turned on, main shaft (4) is made to maintain low speed
Shelves continue to rotate 0.5X hours；
Step by step in b, after main shaft (4) maintains mid ranger to rotate 0.5Y hours, close motor (2), it will be on the packaged chuck of sample (11)
Positioned at exchanging to test sample block and standard sample position for same diameter line, motor (2) are then turned on, main shaft (4) is made to maintain middling speed
Shelves continue to rotate 0.5Y hours；
Step by step in c, after main shaft (4) maintains top gear to rotate 0.5Z hours, close motor (2), it will be on the packaged chuck of sample (11)
Positioned at exchanging to test sample block and standard sample position for same diameter line, motor (2) are then turned on, main shaft (4) is made to maintain high speed
Shelves continue to rotate 0.5Z hours.
9. the detection method of workpiece wear-resisting property according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the low or first gear, it is described in
Fast shelves, the top gear revolving speed be respectively 150~250r/min, 250~350r/min, 400~500r/min, X, Y, Z's
Numerical value is respectively 22~24,46~48,70~72.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108593474B (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2020-11-06 | 新疆维吾尔自治区产品质量监督检验研究院 | Test device suitable for survey brush cleaner wear resistance |
| CN108956352A (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2018-12-07 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | For evaluating the experimental rig and test method of exemplar erosive wear resistant performance |
| CN109738188B (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2024-02-06 | 西南科技大学 | Device and method for evaluating wear resistance of bearing retainer |
| CN109612865B (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2021-07-20 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Simple and efficient multipurpose erosion corrosion experimental equipment |
| CN110608962B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2022-04-22 | 山东科技大学 | Concrete injection pipeline abrasion test device and method |
| CN114235610A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-25 | 中策橡胶集团股份有限公司 | Method and device for measuring wear resistance of rubber composition and computer readable carrier medium |
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