CN106124350A - A kind of detection method of workpiece anti-wear performance - Google Patents
A kind of detection method of workpiece anti-wear performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN106124350A CN106124350A CN201610796242.5A CN201610796242A CN106124350A CN 106124350 A CN106124350 A CN 106124350A CN 201610796242 A CN201610796242 A CN 201610796242A CN 106124350 A CN106124350 A CN 106124350A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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Abstract
The invention discloses the detection method of a kind of workpiece anti-wear performance, relate to metal material wearability detection technique field.The present invention comprises the following steps: step A, preparation；Step B, processing sample block；Step C, installation sample block；Step D, install abrasive material additional；Step E, constant temperature set；Step F, detection are carried out: a step by step: open motor, and make the rotating speed of main shaft maintain low or first gear, closedown motor after keeping X hour, take out and all treat test sample block and standard sample, and weigh respectively, and then former state reinstalls the packaged chuck of sample；B step by step: open motor, and make the rotating speed of main shaft maintain mid ranger, closes motor, takes out and all treat test sample block and standard sample after keeping Y hour；C step by step: open motor, and make the rotating speed of main shaft maintain top gear, closes motor after keeping Z hour.The present invention can fully reflect the actual every anti-wear performance having of wearing piece.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal material wearability detection technique field, more particularly, it relates to a kind of workpiece anti-wear performance
Detection method.
Background technology
Engineering mechanical device needs to use substantial amounts of consumable accessory, and at present in the R&D process of consumable accessory new product, lifting makes
Being dominant direction with the life-span, in engineering mechanical device, the lifting in consumable accessory service life, an a crucial factor just exists
Wear Resistance Mechanism in new material studies the lifting with anti-wear performance.Wearing piece typically produces by the way of casting, and common is resistance to
Mill part is stirring vane, hollow abrading-ball etc..The polishing machine of metal material is one of its important performance indexes.At materials application
Under many occasions or environmental condition, the abrasion of material is inevitable, and therefore the anti-wear performance of material is to the application of material also
It is to have important impact.
For the consumable accessory in concrete conveying equipment, its wear form is mainly abrasive wear, simultaneous
Contact fatique wear, erosive wear, corrosive wear etc..So-called abrasive wear is exactly that hard abrasive particle or ridge are in load effect
Under, relative motion on the surface of the workpiece when contacting with each other with machine parts surface, cause migration and the loss of surface of the work material
A kind of phenomenon or process.
The main abrasion mechanism of abrasive wear has: micro cutting abrasion mechanism, repeatedly flow cause the abrasion machine of fracture
Reason, fatigue wear mechanism and Micro-fracture peel off abrasion mechanism etc..For can preferably reflect the anti-wear performance of certain material, relevant
Proposing the numerous abrasion testers for the detection of high-abrasive material anti-wear performance in technology, most of testing machines are at simulation concrete
The wear medium selected during operating mode is sand and water, and Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of abrasion tester, Fig. 1 in prior art
Include rubber wheel 102, sand aqueous mixtures 101, counterweight 104, hopper 103 and sample, in the abrasion tester of this structure, rubber
Rubber tire 102 rotates in rubber wheel 102 and also rubs with sample, comes Control Assay and rubber by the quantity adjusting counterweight 104
Pressure between rubber tire 102.But this abrasion tester structure is relatively easy, and test function is single, can only be to individual sample
Test, change sample and slurry trouble, it is impossible to realizing the contrast of sample and raw material, measurement error is big.
Liquid fixed double phase flow or single-phase flow wash-out wear phenomenon are prevalent in the industries such as hydrometallurgy, chemical industry, mining, water power
In, owing to there is reciprocal action between erosive wear and corrosion, generally its material bleed rate is than pure corrosion and pure erosive wear
Sum is much greater, and the single corrosion of its hazard ratio or single erosive wear are more serious, are to cause various shurry pump, valve, pipeline etc.
The major reason of flow passage components Rapid Damage.
The erosive wear device of Chinese scholars exploitation has rotary, injecting type, fluid-guiding type and combination type four type, this
Four kinds of assay devices have their own characteristics each and pluses and minuses, it is adaptable to different multiphase flows, two phase flow or single-phase flow wash-out wear working condition condition.
Wherein, revolving type experiments device is applicable to simulation and analyzes the rotary parts such as shurry pump impeller, stirring paddle at solvent or diluent slurry or single-phase
Erosive wear behavior in fluid, and the advantage such as circumgyration has that equipment is simple, low cost, experimental period are short, according to sample
Mounting means mainly has rotating disk, rotary shaft and rotor three kinds.Such as patent publication No.: CN 104849162A, open
Day: on August 19th, 2015, invention and created name is: a kind of impact angle and concentration controllable type erosion abrasion test device, this Shen
Case please disclose a kind of impact angle and concentration controllable type erosion abrasion test device, including shaft, funnel, impeller, discharging
Mouth, test kettle, nut, screw rod, connecting rod, eccentric, fixture, coupons, motor, controller, bracing frame, the first water filling port, close
Capping, the second water filling port, constant temperature water bath, temperature sensor, heater, outlet, upper door frame, thermal insulation layer, lower door frame, position
Detector, electronic upper bottom door, electronic lower bottom door and accumulator tank, motor is arranged on bracing frame, and bracing frame is arranged on sealing and covers,
Motor is connected with shaft by shaft coupling, and controller is arranged on bracing frame, and controller is connected with motor by wire, seals
Cover separable being arranged on test kettle；The advantage of this application case is: this device can extensively simulate water turbine overflowing component not
Same erosion-corrosion environment, has simple in construction, it is simple to the advantage of operation.But this application case is disadvantageous in that: cannot be the most anti-
Reflect the actual every anti-wear performance having of wearing piece.
In sum, how to design the detection method of a kind of workpiece anti-wear performance, fully reflection wearing piece is actual has
Every anti-wear performance, is the technical problem being worth research in prior art.
Summary of the invention
1. invention to solve the technical problem that
It is an object of the invention to overcome wear sensing equipment of the prior art cannot fully reflect the actual tool of wearing piece
The deficiency of the every anti-wear performance having, it is provided that the detection method of a kind of workpiece anti-wear performance, fully reflects wearing piece actual
The every anti-wear performance having.
2. technical scheme
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention provides is:
The detection method of the workpiece anti-wear performance of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
Step A, preparation；
Step B, processing sample block；
Step C, installation sample block；
Step D, install abrasive material additional；
Step E, constant temperature set；
Step F, detection are carried out.
As further improvement of the present invention, step A includes following operation:
Get out abrasion wear test machine, detect device therefor as this；
Step B includes following operation:
Workpiece for measurement sample and standard workpiece sample are processed into the sample block that size shape is identical, respectively obtain and treat test sample
Block and standard sample；
Step C includes following operation:
A clamping hole of the packaged chuck of sample is placed and treats test sample block, and be locked with bolt, and with on
State and treat that test sample block places corresponding standard sample along another clamping hole of same diameter line, and solid with bolt locking
Fixed；
Step D includes following operation:
In abrasive material bucket, add abrasive material, and make the liquid level of abrasive material in abrasive material bucket exceed described sample block upper surface one spacing
From；
Step E includes following operation:
Open heating arrangements so that abrasive material temperature within the barrel maintains setting value；
Step F includes following operation:
Detection process be divided into following step by step:
A step by step: open motor, and make the rotating speed of main shaft maintain low or first gear, closes motor, takes after keeping X hour
Going out all to treat test sample block and standard sample, and weigh respectively, then former state reinstalls the packaged chuck of sample；
B step by step: open motor, and make the rotating speed of main shaft maintain mid ranger, closes motor, takes after keeping Y hour
Going out all to treat test sample block and standard sample, and weigh respectively, then former state reinstalls the packaged chuck of sample；
C step by step: open motor, and make the rotating speed of main shaft maintain top gear, closes motor, takes after keeping Z hour
Go out all to treat test sample block and standard sample, and weigh respectively.
As further improvement of the present invention, described abrasion wear test machine includes the packaged chuck of power plant module, sample, abrasive material
Bucket, moisturizing module, lifting module and heating module；
Described power plant module is used for driving the packaged chuck of sample to rotate in abrasive material bucket, and the packaged chuck of described sample is fixed with sample
Block；Described moisturizing module is for supplementing water in abrasive material bucket；Described lifting module is used for controlling the packaged chuck of sample and stretches into abrasive material bucket
The interior degree of depth；Described heating module is for controlling the temperature in abrasive material bucket.
As further improvement of the present invention, described power plant module includes motor, drive mechanism and main shaft, described main shaft
Being arranged in vertical and be positioned at the top of abrasive material bucket, motor drives main shaft to rotate by drive mechanism；Described motor is stepless
Variable speed electric motors, particularly.
As further improvement of the present invention, the packaged chuck of described sample is removably attachable to lower end and the sample block of main shaft
Clamping dish is horizontally disposed, and the packaged chuck of described sample is provided with clamping hole the most equally spacedly, and described clamping hole is edge
The through hole of the packaged chuck of the through sample of vertical direction；The outside in each clamping hole is provided with hole, location, and hole, described location is packaged from sample
Chuck lateral surface extends to the horizontal direction through hole in hole, corresponding location；Hole, described location female thread connects bolt.
As further improvement of the present invention, described moisturizing module includes that water supply tank, motor are installed on support, on support
Being provided with the connection post extended to direction, main shaft place, this connection post is horizontally disposed；On described connection post, moisturizing is installed
Case, this water supply tank is connected with abrasive material bucket by pipeline；One end of described connection post is provided with bearing block, this bearing block is provided with
The bearing that main shaft is connected；
Described abrasive material bucket top is provided with bung, and this bung is provided with the through hole passed for main shaft, and bung uses transparent material
Material makes；Being provided with watering controller on described water supply tank, the pipeline that water supply tank connects with abrasive material bucket is provided with electrically operated valve, mill
Being provided with liquidometer in charging basket, described electrically operated valve, described liquidometer are all connected with described watering controller.
As further improvement of the present invention, described heating module includes heating arrangements, and this heating arrangements is resistance wire
Heater, described abrasive material bucket is placed on described Resistant heating device；Described lifting module includes elevating mechanism, this elevator
Structure is the lift cylinder that vertical direction is arranged, and described heating arrangements is installed on described lift cylinder.
As further improvement of the present invention, in step B, the sample block structure that described size shape is identical is as follows: described
The longitudinal cross-section of sample block is "T"-shaped, and the width on this sample block top is more than the internal diameter in described clamping hole, and the width of sample block bottom is less than
Equal to the internal diameter in described clamping hole, the length of sample block bottom is more than the length in described clamping hole.
As further improvement of the present invention, step by step in a, after main shaft maintains low or first gear to rotate .X hour, close electricity
By be positioned at same diameter line on packaged for sample chuck, machine, treats that test sample block and standard sample position are exchanged, is then turned on motor, make main
Axle maintains low or first gear to be rotated further 0.5X hour；
Step by step in b, after main shaft maintains mid ranger to rotate .Y hour, close motor, same by being positioned on packaged for sample chuck
Diameter line treat that test sample block and standard sample position are exchanged, be then turned on motor, make main shaft maintain mid ranger be rotated further 0.5Y
Hour；
Step by step in c, after main shaft maintains top gear to rotate .Z hour, close motor, same by being positioned on packaged for sample chuck
Diameter line treat that test sample block and standard sample position are exchanged, be then turned on motor, make main shaft maintain top gear be rotated further 0.5Z
Hour.
As further improvement of the present invention, described low or first gear, described mid ranger, the rotating speed of described top gear are respectively
150～250r/min, 250～350r/min, 400～500r/min, the numerical value of X, Y, Z be respectively 22～24,46～48,70～
72。
3. beneficial effect
Use the technical scheme that the present invention provides, compared with prior art, there is following remarkable result:
(1), in invention, will treat that test sample block and standard sample carry out the operation of a, step by step b step by step and c step by step, it is possible to
Fully analyze and draw the actual every anti-wear performance having of wearing piece, better adapt to actual condition for different wearing pieces and skill is provided
Art reference and theoretical foundation.
(2) by as follows for abrasion wear test machine design in the present invention: main shaft is arranged in vertical and is positioned at the top of abrasive material bucket,
The one end connecting post is provided with bearing block, and this bearing block is provided with the bearing being connected with main shaft, and the packaged chuck of sample is detachable
Be connected to the lower end of main shaft and the packaged chuck of sample is horizontally disposed；Through above-mentioned design, it is ensured that the packaged chuck of sample exists
During rotation, the plane of rotation is horizontally oriented；Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, the longitudinal cross-section of sample block is "T"-shaped, due to sample block
"T"-shaped structure, insert behind clamping hole in sample block bottom, the upper surface of the lower surface chuck packaged with sample on sample block top mutually pastes
Close, sample block is played positioning action, it is ensured that sample block bottom keeps vertical direction to arrange.
(3), in the present invention, inventor creatively proposes after each main shaft carries out the rotation of half the time, and sample is packaged
Be positioned at same diameter line on chuck treats that test sample block and standard sample position are exchanged, owing to the packaged chuck of sample is axially symmetric structure,
The operation exchanged by above-mentioned position, it is possible to will be located in same diameter line treats that the difference that test sample block and standard sample are subject to is impacted
Condition be overlapped neutralize so that same diameter line treat that the compressive stroke condition that test sample block and standard sample are subject to is basic
Keep consistent, even if the angle treating test sample block and standard sample and vertical direction reaching same diameter line has less difference, also
Can be controlled the two when detection by essentially identical compressive stroke condition；Meanwhile, each to be measured by diametrically line
Sample block and standard sample all carry out above-mentioned position and exchange operation, it is possible to guarantee that all sample blocks are by approximately uniform to greatest extent
Compressive stroke condition, thus for utilizing relative analysis, the technique study workpiece anti-wear performance testing result of comprehensive descision provides
Theoretical foundation and premise.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, below by embodiment required use attached
Figure is briefly described, it will be appreciated that the following drawings illustrate only certain embodiments of the present invention, and it is right to be therefore not construed as
The restriction of scope, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to according to this
A little accompanying drawings obtain other relevant accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of abrasion tester in prior art；
Fig. 2 be in embodiment 1 abrasion wear test machine structural representation；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the packaged chuck of sample in embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of sample block in embodiment 1；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the detection method of the workpiece anti-wear performance of embodiment 1.
Label declaration in schematic diagram:
101, sand aqueous mixtures；102, rubber wheel；103, hopper；104, counterweight；2, motor；3, drive mechanism；4, main shaft；
5, post is connected；6, support；7, bearing block；8, bearing；9, water supply tank；10, abrasive material bucket；11, the packaged chuck of sample；1101, clamping hole；
1102, hole, location；1103, bolt；12, elevating mechanism；13, heating arrangements；14, sample block.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
The a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments.Therefore, below to the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings
Detailed description be not intended to limit the scope of claimed invention, but be merely representative of the selected embodiment of the present invention.
Based on the embodiment in the present invention, it is all that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise
Other embodiments, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
For further appreciating that present disclosure, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 2～5, the detection method of the workpiece anti-wear performance of the present embodiment, comprise the following steps:
Step A, preparation；
Get out abrasion wear test machine, detect device therefor as this；
Abrasion wear test machine in the present embodiment includes the packaged chuck of power plant module, sample 11, abrasive material bucket 10, moisturizing module, liter
Fall module and heating module；Power plant module is used for driving the packaged chuck of sample 11 to rotate in abrasive material bucket 10, on the packaged chuck of sample 11
It is fixed with sample block 14 (by the packaged chuck of sample 11 rotation in abrasive material bucket 10, the environment of the simulation frayed erosion of workpiece)；Mend
Water module is for supplementing water (to avoid the abrasive material in abrasive material bucket 10 to reduce) because of evaporation in abrasive material bucket 10；Lifting module is used for
The control packaged chuck of sample 11 stretches into the degree of depth in abrasive material bucket 10 (to guarantee that the packaged chuck of sample 11 is immersed in abrasive material all the time, in inspection
All the time it is fully contacted with abrasive material during survey)；Heating module is (frayed to simulate workpiece for the temperature controlled in abrasive material bucket 10
The environment corroded, close to actual working conditions).
Power plant module includes motor 2, drive mechanism 3 and main shaft 4, and main shaft 4 is arranged in vertical and is positioned at abrasive material bucket 10
Top, motor 2 is rotated by drive mechanism 3 (can be belt or power transmission shaft) drive main shaft 4；Motor 2 is stepless speed-change motor
(use stepless speed-change motor so that motor 2 rotating speed can adjust continuously, facilitates follow-up detection.)
The packaged chuck of sample 11 is removably attachable to lower end and the horizontally disposed (tool of the packaged chuck of sample 11 of main shaft 4
In body the present embodiment, the circle centre position of the lower end of main shaft 4 chuck packaged with sample 11 is threadeded), on the packaged chuck of sample 11 circumferentially
(can disposably install multiple sample block 14 to detect, in concrete the present embodiment, sample is packaged to be provided with clamping hole 1101 equally spacedly
Uniform 8 clamping holes 1101 on chuck 11), clamping hole 1101 is the through hole of the packaged chuck of the most through sample 11；Each
The outside in clamping hole 1101 is provided with hole 1102, location, and hole, location 1102 is for extending to corresponding location from sample packaged chuck 11 lateral surface
The horizontal direction through hole in hole 1102；Hole 1102, location female thread connects bolt 1103.(by clamping hole 1101 and location
Sample block 14 can be fixed on the packaged chuck of sample 11 by hole 1102 easily.)
Moisturizing module includes that water supply tank 9, motor 2 are installed on support 6, and support 6 is provided with to the extension of direction, main shaft 4 place
Connecting post 5, this connection post 5 is horizontally disposed；Connecting and be provided with water supply tank 9 on post 5, this water supply tank 9 is by pipeline and mill
Charging basket 10 connects；The one end connecting post 5 is provided with bearing block 7, and this bearing block 7 is provided with the bearing 8 being connected with main shaft 4；
Abrasive material bucket 10 top is provided with bung, and this bung is provided with the through hole passed for main shaft 4, and bung uses transparent material
Make (can be facilitated by bung, real-time situation in abrasive material bucket 10 is monitored, and can prevent abrasive material from splashing)；Water supply tank
Being provided with watering controller on 9, the pipeline that water supply tank 9 connects with abrasive material bucket 10 is provided with electrically operated valve, is provided with in abrasive material bucket 10
Liquidometer, electrically operated valve, liquidometer are all connected with watering controller.(liquidometer, for monitoring the water level in abrasive material bucket 10, works as mill
When water level in charging basket 10 is less than certain value, watering controller can control electrically operated valve and open, thus mends in abrasive material bucket 10
Water.)
Heating module includes heating arrangements 13, and this heating arrangements 13 is Resistant heating device, and abrasive material bucket 10 is placed in resistance
On silk heater；Lifting module includes elevating mechanism 12, the lift cylinder that this elevating mechanism 12 is arranged for vertical direction, heating
Mechanism 13 is installed on lift cylinder.
When using the abrasion wear test machine in the present embodiment, the problem that should be noted that just is to maintain the packaged chuck of sample 11
The sample block 14 of upper installation is arranged in vertical, to guarantee that all of sample block 14 impact condition in abrasive material bucket 10 keeps
Unanimously, to this end, abrasion wear test machine is designed as follows by the present embodiment: main shaft 4 is arranged in vertical and is positioned at abrasive material bucket 10
Top, the one end connecting post 5 is provided with bearing block 7, this bearing block 7 is provided with the bearing 8 being connected with main shaft 4, and sample is packaged
Chuck 11 is removably attachable to the lower end of main shaft 4 and sample packaged chuck 11 is horizontally disposed；Through above-mentioned design, it is ensured that
The packaged chuck of sample 11 is when rotating, and the plane of rotation is horizontally oriented；Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, the longitudinal direction of sample block 14 is cut
Face is "T"-shaped, and the width on this sample block 14 top is less than or equal to clamping more than the internal diameter in clamping hole 1101, the width of sample block 14 bottom
The internal diameter in hole 1101, the length of sample block 14 bottom is more than the length in clamping hole 1101, due to the "T"-shaped structure of sample block 14, at sample
After clamping hole 1101 is inserted in block 14 bottom, the upper surface of the lower surface chuck packaged with sample 11 on sample block 14 top is bonded to each other, right
Sample block 14 plays positioning action, it is ensured that sample block 14 bottom keeps vertical direction to arrange.Need especially it is emphasized that sample block 14 is resistance to
During mill detection, it is ensured that the impact condition holding in abrasive material bucket 10 of all of sample block 14 is unanimously the most crucial, because resistance to
Mill detection is typically carried out a couple of days, and not same block 14 impact condition has little difference, after will making finally to have detected
The degree of wear difference being subject on the not coplanar of not same block 14 is huge, is unfavorable for correctly drawing the result of wear-resisting detection；And
Prior art often have ignored this problem, and do not take into account and need sample block 14 strictly keeps vertical direction arrange, thus
Cause different sample block 14 impact condition difference, finally enter under the conditions of difference is impacted due to each sample block 14
Row detection, thus the result of the technique study workpiece anti-wear performance detection of relative analysis, comprehensive descision cannot be utilized (because now
Each sample block 14 is detected under a single operating mode, and its testing result is for the case under this specific operation, reference
It is worth little, does not also meet the requirement of control variate method simultaneously.)
Step B, processing sample block；
Workpiece for measurement sample and standard workpiece sample are processed into the sample block 14 that size shape is identical, respectively obtain to be measured
Sample block 14 and standard sample 14；
In step B, sample block 14 structure that size shape is identical is as follows: the longitudinal cross-section of sample block 14 is "T"-shaped, this sample block 14
The width on top is more than the internal diameter in clamping hole 1101, and the width of sample block 14 bottom is less than or equal to the internal diameter in clamping hole 1101, sample block
The length of 14 bottoms is more than the length in clamping hole 1101.
Step C, installation sample block；
A clamping hole 1101 of the packaged chuck of sample 11 is placed and treats test sample block 14, and solid with bolt 1103 locking
Fixed, and treating that test sample block 14 places corresponding standard sample 14 along another clamping hole 1101 of same diameter line with above-mentioned
(diameter line herein refers to the diameter line on the packaged chuck of sample 11), and be locked with bolt 1103, prevent from detecting
Journey comes off；
Step D, install abrasive material additional；
Add in abrasive material bucket 10 abrasive material (abrasive material can be the slurry such as Colophonium, concrete, in the present embodiment, abrasive material be water with
Husky mixture), and make the liquid level of abrasive material in abrasive material bucket 10 exceed sample block 14 upper surface certain distance, due to the packaged chuck of sample
11 can produce centrifugal force when rotating so that the abrasive material liquid level near sample packaged chuck 11 center position declines, in order to ensure sample
Packaged chuck 11 rotates up-to-date style block 14 and is in the most all the time in abrasive material, needs to arrange abrasive material in abrasive material bucket 10 before starting detection
Liquid level exceeds sample block 14 upper surface certain distance, according to the rotating speed of the packaged chuck of sample in the present embodiment 11, selects in the present embodiment
The liquid level of abrasive material in abrasive material bucket 10 is set before starting detection and exceeds sample block 14 upper surface 2～4cm；
Step E, constant temperature set；
Open heating arrangements 13 so that in abrasive material bucket 10, temperature maintains setting value；
Step F, detection are carried out.
Detection process be divided into following step by step:
A step by step: open motor 2, and make the rotating speed of main shaft 4 maintain low or first gear (150～250r/min, concrete this
Embodiment takes 150r/min), close motor 2 after keeping X (22～24, take 22 in concrete the present embodiment) hour, take out all
Treating test sample block 14 and standard sample 14, and weigh respectively, then former state reinstalls the packaged chuck of sample 11；
B step by step: open motor 2, and make the rotating speed of main shaft 4 maintain mid ranger (250～350r/min, concrete this
Embodiment takes 250r/min), close motor 2 after keeping Y (46～48, take 46 in concrete the present embodiment) hour, take out all
Treating test sample block 14 and standard sample 14, and weigh respectively, then former state reinstalls the packaged chuck of sample 11；
C step by step: open motor 2, and make the rotating speed of main shaft 4 maintain top gear (400～500r/min, concrete this
Embodiment takes 400r/min), close motor 2 after keeping Z (70～72, take 70 in concrete the present embodiment) hour, take out all
Treat test sample block 14 and standard sample 14, and weigh respectively；
It is significant to note that, the present embodiment explicitly points out:
Step by step in a, after main shaft 4 maintains low or first gear to rotate 0.5X hour, close motor 2, by upper for packaged for sample chuck 11
Treat that test sample block 14 and standard sample 14 position are exchanged in same diameter line, be then turned on motor 2, make main shaft 4 maintain low or first gear
It is rotated further 0.5X hour；
Step by step in b, after main shaft 4 maintains mid ranger to rotate 0.5Y hour, close motor 2, by upper for packaged for sample chuck 11
Treat that test sample block 14 and standard sample 14 position are exchanged in same diameter line, be then turned on motor 2, make main shaft 4 maintain mid ranger
It is rotated further 0.5Y hour；
Step by step in c, after main shaft 4 maintains top gear to rotate 0.5Z hour, close motor 2, by upper for packaged for sample chuck 11
Treat that test sample block 14 and standard sample 14 position are exchanged in same diameter line, be then turned on motor 2, make main shaft 4 maintain top gear
It is rotated further 0.5Z hour.
In the present embodiment, although by above the structure of abrasion wear test machine and sample block 14 being designed, have been able to maximum journey
Degree ground guarantees that each sample block 14 keeps vertical direction to arrange, so that it is by identical impact condition, but actual examines
During survey, due to aspects such as mechanical vibration, device installation accuracy and apparatus structure dimensional accuracy, still it is difficult to protect completely
Demonstrate,proving each sample block 14 keeps vertical direction to arrange, and all by identical impact condition, cannot avoid to solve this
Technical problem, inventor creatively proposes after each main shaft 4 carries out the rotation of half the time, by packaged for sample chuck 11
Be positioned at same diameter line treats that test sample block 14 and standard sample 14 position are exchanged, owing to the packaged chuck of sample 11 is axially symmetric structure,
The operation exchanged by above-mentioned position, it is possible to will be located in same diameter line treats the difference that test sample block 14 and standard sample 14 are subject to
Impact condition be overlapped neutralize so that same diameter line treat the compressive stroke that test sample block 14 and standard sample 14 are subject to
Condition keeps unanimously (this principle can be illustrated expression, such as A ≠ B, but 0.5A+0.5B=0.5B+0.5A) substantially, reaches i.e.
Make same diameter line treats that test sample block 14 and standard sample 14 have less difference with the angle of vertical direction, also can control the two
By essentially identical compressive stroke condition during detection；Meanwhile, by each of diametrically line is treated test sample block 14 and standard
Sample block 14 all carries out above-mentioned position and exchanges operation, it is possible to guarantee that all sample blocks 14 are by approximately uniform comprehensive punching to greatest extent
Hit condition, thus for utilizing relative analysis, the technique study workpiece anti-wear performance testing result of comprehensive descision provides theory and depends on
According to and premise.
It is emphasized that: (1) workpiece is under the conditions of different impacts, and its anti abrasive performance changes, and passes through
Detect this change, it is possible to preferably select, determine the reality of workpiece to be suitable for working condition, extend its life-span, but existing skill
When art carries out abrasion detection to workpiece, and do not take into account above-mentioned change；(2) owing to workpiece is when carrying out heat treatment, it specifically adds
The difference of work condition can cause its quenching hardness, quenching degree etc. property qualitative difference, thus causes workpiece from appearance towards center
There is difference in abrasion resistance properties, but when prior art carries out abrasion detection to workpiece, and do not take into account above-mentioned difference.Above-mentioned two
Point is the technical problem that inventor sums up discovery in real work, and does not have above-mentioned technical problem clearly in prior art
Ground proposes and records, and those of ordinary skill in the art also tend to be difficult to expect above-mentioned technical problem.For inventor propose upper
2, face technical problem, explicitly points out in the present embodiment: detection process is divided into a, step by step b and step by step c step by step, and divides
In step a, step by step b and step by step c, the rotating speed of main shaft 4 is respectively maintained at low or first gear, mid ranger, top gear, and above-mentioned design is
Based on considered below: (1) detection sample block 14 frayed situation under different main 4 rotating speed, i.e. sample block 14 is at varying strength
The performance of impact its abrasion resistance properties lower；(2) sample block 14 is detected from surface to the performance of the abrasion resistance properties at center.
Specific as follows, carry out a, step by step b and step by step after c step by step, Ke Yicong until test sample block 14 and standard sample 14
Following two dimension is analyzed: (1), by each weighing data, is analyzed sample block 14 and ground under different main shaft 4 rotating speeds
Damage situation, and by treating test sample block 14 and the Data Comparison of standard sample 14, analyze and treat test sample block 14 rushing at varying strength
How hit the performance of lower anti-wear performance；(2) sample block 14 sequentially passes through a, step by step b and step by step c step by step, so that sample block 14
Wear and tear successively from surface to the part at center, such as certain situation: when, after a step by step, treating test sample block 14 and standard for a pair
The wear extent difference of sample block 14 is little, but continues through step by step after b, and this treats test sample block 14 and the abrasion of standard sample 14
Amount difference is relatively big, is embodied in and treats that the wear extent of test sample block 14 is significantly greater than standard sample 14, in such a case, it is possible to say
Bright, it is roughly the same at the part abrasion resistance properties near surface layer that this treats test sample block 14 and standard sample 14, but close
The part at center treats that the abrasion resistance properties of test sample block 14 can not show a candle to standard sample 14, by technical Analysis above, it is possible to more preferably
Ground selects, determines the actual working condition that can be suitable for of workpiece for measurement.In sum, will treat that test sample block 14 and standard sample 14 enter
The operation of row a, step by step b step by step and step by step c, it is possible to fully analyze and draw the actual every wearability having of wearing piece
Can, better adapt to actual condition for different wearing pieces and Technical Reference and theoretical foundation are provided.
Embodiment 2
The detection method of the workpiece anti-wear performance of the present embodiment, its basic step is same as in Example 1, and its difference exists
In:
In step F, detection process be divided into following step by step:
A step by step: open motor 2, and make the rotating speed of main shaft 4 maintain low or first gear (150～250r/min, concrete this
Embodiment takes 250r/min), close motor 2 after keeping X (22～24, take 24 in concrete the present embodiment) hour, take out all
Treating test sample block 14 and standard sample 14, and weigh respectively, then former state reinstalls the packaged chuck of sample 11；
B step by step: open motor 2, and make the rotating speed of main shaft 4 maintain mid ranger (250～350r/min, concrete this
Embodiment takes 350r/min), close motor 2 after keeping Y (46～48, take 48 in concrete the present embodiment) hour, take out all
Treating test sample block 14 and standard sample 14, and weigh respectively, then former state reinstalls the packaged chuck of sample 11；
C step by step: open motor 2, and make the rotating speed of main shaft 4 maintain top gear (400～500r/min, concrete this
Embodiment takes 500r/min), close motor 2 after keeping Z (70～72, take 72 in concrete the present embodiment) hour, take out all
Treat test sample block 14 and standard sample 14, and weigh respectively.
Embodiment 3
The detection method of the workpiece anti-wear performance of the present embodiment, its basic step is same as in Example 1, and its difference exists
In:
In step F, detection process be divided into following step by step:
A step by step: open motor 2, and make the rotating speed of main shaft 4 maintain low or first gear (150～250r/min, concrete this
Embodiment takes 200r/min), close motor 2 after keeping X (22～24, take 23 in concrete the present embodiment) hour, take out all
Treating test sample block 14 and standard sample 14, and weigh respectively, then former state reinstalls the packaged chuck of sample 11；
B step by step: open motor 2, and make the rotating speed of main shaft 4 maintain mid ranger (250～350r/min, concrete this
Embodiment takes 300r/min), close motor 2 after keeping Y (46～48, take 47 in concrete the present embodiment) hour, take out all
Treating test sample block 14 and standard sample 14, and weigh respectively, then former state reinstalls the packaged chuck of sample 11；
C step by step: open motor 2, and make the rotating speed of main shaft 4 maintain top gear (400～500r/min, concrete this
Embodiment takes 450r/min), close motor 2 after keeping Z (70～72, take 71 in concrete the present embodiment) hour, take out all
Treat test sample block 14 and standard sample 14, and weigh respectively.
Schematically being described the present invention and embodiment thereof above, this description does not has restricted, institute in accompanying drawing
Show is also one of embodiments of the present invention, and actual structure is not limited thereto.So, if the common skill of this area
Art personnel enlightened by it, in the case of without departing from the invention objective, designs and this technical scheme without creative
Similar frame mode and embodiment, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the detection method of a workpiece anti-wear performance, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step A, preparation；
Step B, processing sample block；
Step C, installation sample block；
Step D, install abrasive material additional；
Step E, constant temperature set；
Step F, detection are carried out.
The detection method of workpiece anti-wear performance the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Step A includes following operation:
Get out abrasion wear test machine, detect device therefor as this；
Step B includes following operation:
Workpiece for measurement sample and standard workpiece sample are processed into the sample block (14) that size shape is identical, respectively obtain and treat test sample
Block (14) and standard sample (14)；
Step C includes following operation:
Test sample block (14) is treated in the upper placement of a clamping hole (1101) at the packaged chuck of sample (11), and locks with bolt (1103)
Fasten, and treating the test sample block (14) the corresponding standard of the upper placement in another clamping hole (1101) along same diameter line with above-mentioned
Sample block (14), and be locked with bolt (1103)；
Step D includes following operation:
In abrasive material bucket (10), add abrasive material, and make the liquid level of abrasive material bucket (10) interior abrasive material exceed described sample block (14) upper surface
Certain distance；
Step E includes following operation:
Open heating arrangements (13) so that abrasive material bucket (10) interior temperature maintains setting value；
Step F includes following operation:
Detection process be divided into following step by step:
A step by step: open motor (2), and make the rotating speed of main shaft (4) maintain low or first gear, closes motor after keeping X hour
(2), taking out and all treat test sample block (14) and standard sample (14), and weigh respectively, then former state reinstalls the packaged chuck of sample (11)；
B step by step: open motor (2), and make the rotating speed of main shaft (4) maintain mid ranger, closes motor after keeping Y hour
(2), taking out and all treat test sample block (14) and standard sample (14), and weigh respectively, then former state reinstalls the packaged chuck of sample (11)；
C step by step: open motor (2), and make the rotating speed of main shaft (4) maintain top gear, closes motor after keeping Z hour
(2), take out and all treat test sample block (14) and standard sample (14), and weigh respectively.
The detection method of workpiece anti-wear performance the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Described abrasion wear test machine include power plant module, sample packaged chuck (11), abrasive material bucket (10), moisturizing module, lifting module and
Heating module；
Described power plant module is used for driving the packaged chuck of sample (11) to rotate in abrasive material bucket (10), on the packaged chuck of described sample (11)
It is fixed with sample block (14)；Described moisturizing module is for supplementing water in abrasive material bucket (10)；Described lifting module is used for controlling sample block
Clamping dish (11) stretches into the degree of depth in abrasive material bucket (10)；Described heating module is used for controlling the temperature in abrasive material bucket (10).
The detection method of workpiece anti-wear performance the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described power plant module includes electricity
Machine (2), drive mechanism (3) and main shaft (4), described main shaft (4) is arranged in vertical and is positioned at the top of abrasive material bucket (10), electricity
Machine (2) drives main shaft (4) to rotate by drive mechanism (3)；Described motor (2) is stepless speed-change motor.
The detection method of workpiece anti-wear performance the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the packaged chuck of described sample (11)
The lower end and the packaged chuck of the sample (11) that are removably attachable to main shaft (4) are horizontally disposed, the packaged chuck of described sample (11)
On be provided with clamping hole (1101) the most equally spacedly, described clamping hole (1101) is the packaged chuck of the most through sample
(11) through hole；The outside of each clamping hole (1101) is provided with hole, location (1102), and hole, described location (1102) is packaged from sample
Chuck (11) lateral surface extends to the horizontal direction through hole of corresponding hole, location (1102)；Hole, described location (1102) female thread connects
There is bolt (1103).
The detection method of workpiece anti-wear performance the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described moisturizing module includes mending
Water tank (9), motor (2) is installed on support (6), and support (6) is provided with the connection post (5) extended to main shaft (4) direction, place, should
Connect post (5) horizontally disposed；Water supply tank (9) is installed on described connection post (5), this water supply tank (9) by pipeline with
Abrasive material bucket (10) connects；One end of described connection post (5) is provided with bearing block (7), this bearing block (7) is provided with and main shaft (4)
The bearing (8) being connected；
Described abrasive material bucket (10) top is provided with bung, and this bung is provided with the through hole passed for main shaft (4), and bung uses transparent
Material makes；Watering controller is installed on described water supply tank (9), the pipeline that water supply tank (9) connects with abrasive material bucket (10) sets
Having electrically operated valve, be provided with liquidometer in abrasive material bucket (10), described electrically operated valve, described liquidometer are all with described watering controller even
Connect.
The detection method of workpiece anti-wear performance the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described heating module includes adding
Heat engine structure (13), this heating arrangements (13) is Resistant heating device, and described abrasive material bucket (10) is placed in described Resistant heating dress
Put；Described lifting module includes that elevating mechanism (12), this elevating mechanism (12) are the lift cylinder that vertical direction is arranged, described
Heating arrangements (13) is installed on described lift cylinder.
The detection method of workpiece anti-wear performance the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: in step B, described size shape
Sample block (14) structure that shape is identical is as follows: the longitudinal cross-section of described sample block (14) is "T"-shaped, and the width on this sample block (14) top is big
In the internal diameter of described clamping hole (1101), the width of sample block (14) bottom is less than or equal to the internal diameter of described clamping hole (1101), sample
The length of block (14) bottom is more than the length of described clamping hole (1101).
The detection method of workpiece anti-wear performance the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:
Step by step in a, after main shaft (4) maintains low or first gear to rotate 0.5X hour, close motor (2), by packaged for sample chuck (11)
Be positioned at same diameter line treats that test sample block (14) and standard sample (14) position are exchanged, and is then turned on motor (2), makes main shaft (4)
Low or first gear is maintained to be rotated further 0.5X hour；
Step by step in b, after main shaft (4) maintains mid ranger to rotate 0.5Y hour, close motor (2), by packaged for sample chuck (11)
Be positioned at same diameter line treats that test sample block (14) and standard sample (14) position are exchanged, and is then turned on motor (2), makes main shaft (4)
Mid ranger is maintained to be rotated further 0.5Y hour；
Step by step in c, after main shaft (4) maintains top gear to rotate 0.5Z hour, close motor (2), by packaged for sample chuck (11)
Be positioned at same diameter line treats that test sample block (14) and standard sample (14) position are exchanged, and is then turned on motor (2), makes main shaft (4)
Top gear is maintained to be rotated further 0.5Z hour.
The detection method of workpiece anti-wear performance the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: described low or first gear, described in
Speed shelves, the rotating speed of described top gear are respectively 150～250r/min, 250～350r/min, 400～500r/min, X, Y, Z's
Numerical value is respectively 22～24,46～48,70～72.
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| CN201610796242.5A CN106124350B (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | A kind of detection method of workpiece wear-resisting property |
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| CN201610796242.5A CN106124350B (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | A kind of detection method of workpiece wear-resisting property |
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| CN109738188A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-05-10 | 西南科技大学 | Assess the device and method of bearing retainer wearability |
| CN110608962A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-12-24 | 山东科技大学 | Concrete injection pipeline abrasion test device and method |
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