CN101320000B - 可溶性淀粉共振散射光谱法检测α-淀粉酶活力的方法 - Google Patents
可溶性淀粉共振散射光谱法检测α-淀粉酶活力的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了可溶性淀粉共振散射光谱法检测α-淀粉酶活力的方法,它是利用已知酶活力的α-淀粉酶的共振散射强度I423nm和试剂空白的共振散射强度I0,求出ΔI423nm=I0-I423nm做标准曲线,然后测定未知浓度的α-淀粉酶的ΔI,依据工作曲线求得被测物的α-淀粉酶的浓度,本发明的优点是:设备简单、操作方便,只需要荧光分光光度计即可完成;试剂易得,成本低廉;底物可溶性淀粉无毒。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及α-淀粉酶活力的检测方法,具体是可溶性淀粉共振散射光谱法检测α-淀粉酶活力的方法。
背景技术:
α-淀粉酶(α-Amylase,AMS)的全称为1,4-α-D-葡聚糖4-葡聚糖水解酶(EC 3.2.1.1),是一种不均一性的钙依赖金属蛋白质酶,它作用于淀粉的α-1,4葡萄糖苷键,生成麦芽糖和葡萄糖。它已经广泛用于食品、发酵、谷物加工、纺织、造纸、医药、轻化工业、石油开采等各个领域。在临床上有很高的应用价值,根据体内酶活力的变化诊断疾病,如胰脏疾病和肾脏疾病导致淀粉酶活力升高;肝脏疾病可导致酶活力下降。因此对α-淀粉酶的研究具有重要的意义。目前对于α-淀粉酶的检测,有流动注射光度法、微量量热法、粘度测定法、碘量法、凝胶扩散法3.5二硝基水杨酸法等。其中流动注射光度法的线性范围为0.1-3mmol·L-1,灵敏度较低。粘度测定法因精确性差,底物不稳定很少采用。微量量热法虽然相对较简单,但不够准确。检测α-淀粉酶活力的方法虽然很多,但可溶性淀粉共振散射光谱法检测α-淀粉酶活力的方法,尚未见报道。
发明内容:
本发明的目的是要公开一种灵敏度高,简便快速的可溶性淀粉共振散射光谱法检测α-淀粉酶活力的方法。
溶性淀粉共振散射光谱法检测α-淀粉酶活力的方法包括如下步骤:
一、制备已知α-淀粉酶活力的测试体系:
1、在5mL具塞刻度试管中,分别加入0.65ml 10mg/mL可溶性淀粉和pH 5.3Na2HPO4-KH2PO4溶液,然后再加入0.10mL 0.2%CaAc2溶液和0.1ml 0.9%Nacl溶液,将试管置水浴锅中,50℃预热,放置5min;
2、然后再加入5uL-300uL浓度为5μg/mL α-淀粉酶溶液,摇匀时开始计时,放回50℃水浴锅中温浴,放置85min;
3、然后再依次加入0.40mol/L 0.2ml NaOH溶液,用二次蒸馏水定容至3ml,摇匀。
4、用荧光光度计同步扫描得到体系的共振散射光谱,淀粉微粒在264nm和423nm处有两个较宽的散射峰,在423nm处测定体系的共振散射强度I423nm;
二、制备试剂空白体系:
用步骤一的方法制备试剂空白体系,但不加入α-淀粉酶溶液,用荧光分光光度计测得试剂空白体系共振散射强度I0;
三、计算ΔI423nm=I0-I423nm的值;
四、以加入的α-淀粉酶浓度为横坐标,以ΔI423nm为纵坐标,绘制工作曲线;
五、依据步骤一的方法,制备检测体系,加入的α-淀粉酶为未知浓度的检测样品,求得 被测样品的ΔI;
六、根据工作曲线,求得被测样品中α-淀粉酶的浓度。
实验表明,在未加入α-淀粉酶之前,可溶性淀粉体系的同步散射光谱较强(图1),当有α-淀粉酶存在时,体系的同步散射有所减弱,随着浓度的增加,共振散射强度也逐渐降低,并且,α-淀粉酶的浓度在0.00835-0.501μg/ml范围内,α-淀粉酶的浓度与共振散射强度呈良好的线性关系,线性方程为ΔI=155C+13。检测限为0.0069μg/ml。
本发明的原理:
可溶性淀粉具有很强共振散射效应,α-淀粉酶水解可溶性淀粉成小颗粒的淀粉微粒,共振散射强度降低。共振散射强度降低的大小与α-淀粉酶的浓度呈正比关系,将可溶性淀粉微粒的共振散射光谱检测与α-淀粉酶的催化反应相结合,建立起可溶性淀粉共振散射光谱法检测α-淀粉酶活力的方法。
本发明的优点:
(1)设备简单、操作方便,只需要荧光分光光度计即可完成;
(2)试剂易得,成本低廉;
(3)底物可溶性淀粉无毒。
附图说明:
图1为本发明实施过可溶性淀粉体系的共振散射光谱图;
图中:a:pH5.3-2.6mg/ml starch-0.36mg/mlNacl-0.08mg/ml CaAc2-0.04mol/L NaOHb:pH5.3-2.6mg/ml starch-0.36mg/mlNacl-0.08mg/ml CaAc2-0.04μg/mlAMS-0.04mol/L NaOH c:pH5.3-2.6mg/ml starch-0.36mg/mlNacl-0.08mg/mlCaAc2-0.16μg/ml AMS-0.04mol/L NaOH d:pH5.3-2.6mg/ml starch-0.36mg/mlNacl-0.08mg/ml CaAc2-0.48μg/ml AMS-0.04mol/L NaOH
具体实施方式:
用本发明的方法检测20个人的唾液的α-淀粉酶的含量:
1、所用试剂的仪器:
Cary Eclipse分光光度计(Varian Company,Palo Alto,CA)、HH-S2电热恒温水浴锅(金坛市大地自动化仪器厂)、TGL-16G离心机(上海安亭科学仪器厂);
可溶性淀粉(中国医药集团上海化学试剂公司),α-淀粉酶(165,000U/g丰特斯化学试剂公司),聚丙烯酰胺(分子量在500万以上,上海化学试剂采购供应站分装厂);可溶性淀粉溶液:取可溶性淀粉0.25g于小烧杯中,加入约5mL水混匀,将其边搅拌边缓慢倒盛有20ml沸水的50ml烧杯中,并用洗瓶将小烧杯中的淀粉全部转移到50ml的烧杯中,继续搅拌并加热,缓慢煮沸2min,冷却至30℃以下,加入10mg/mL PAM,用蒸馏水定容至50ml。缓冲溶液:取0.2387g Na2HPO4·12H2O,加水溶解后定容至100ml。取0.0908g KH2PO4加水溶解后定容至100ml。将此二者按体积比配制成pH Na2HPO4-KH2PO4缓冲溶液,置冰箱保存。所用试剂为分析纯,所用水均为二次蒸馏水;
2、制备已知α-淀粉酶浓度的测试体系:
在5ml具塞试管中,依次加入0.65ml 10mg/mL可溶性淀粉,0.70mL pH 5.3Na2HPO4-KH2PO4溶液,0.10mL 0.2%CaAc2溶液和0.1ml 0.9%NaCl溶液,将试管置水浴锅中,50℃预热,5min 后取出,加入5uL-300uL浓度为5μg/mLα-淀粉酶溶液,摇均匀时开始计时,放回50℃水浴锅中温浴,85min后取出,依次加入0.40mol/L 0.2ml NaOH溶液,用二次蒸馏水定容至3ml,摇匀。取适量于石英池中,置于荧光分光光度计上。电压400V,狭缝为5nm,同步扫描激发波长λex和发射波长λem(λex=λem)得到体系的RS光谱。在423nm处测定体系的散射光强度I423nm;
3、用上述2的方法制备试剂空白体系,测的共振散射强度Io;
4、计算ΔI423nm=I0-I423nm的值,并做标准曲线:
在最佳实验条件下,取不同浓度AMS标准液,按实验方法进行测定,并以其共振散射强度ΔI423nm与AMS浓度C作图。AMS在0.00835-0.501μg/ml(0.00138-0.0827U/ml)范围内与ΔI423nm之间呈现良好的线性关系。其线性回归方程为:ΔI=155C+13,相关系数R=0.9857,检测限为0.0069μg/ml;
5、分别取20个人的唾液各1ml,10000rps离心30min,收集上清液,加蒸馏水稀释100倍,分别制成测试体系,求20个样品的ΔI,依据工作曲线,求得被测的20个人的唾液的α-淀粉酶浓度,见表1。
表1样品分析结果
采用本发明方法的测定与其它测定方法的结果进行比较,见表2:
表2 AMS测定方法比较
*1FAU定义为每1小时酶水解5.26g淀粉为1单位
Claims (2)
1.可溶性淀粉共振散射光谱法检测α-淀粉酶活力的方法,其特征是:测定方法包括如下步骤:
1)制备已知α-淀粉酶活力的测试体系:
(1)在5mL具塞刻度试管中,分别加入0.65ml 10mg/mL可溶性淀粉和pH 5.3Na2HPO4-KH2PO4溶液,然后再加入0.10mL 0.2%CaAc2溶液和0.1ml 0.9%NaCl溶液,将试管置水浴锅中,50℃预热,放置5min;
(2)然后再加入5-300μL浓度为5μg/mLα-淀粉酶溶液,摇均时开始计时,放回50℃水浴锅中温浴,放置85min;
(3)然后再依次加入0.40mol/L 0.2ml NaOH溶液,用二次蒸馏水定容至3ml,摇匀;
(4)用荧光光度计同步扫描得到体系的共振散射光谱,淀粉微粒在264nm和423nm处有两个较宽的散射峰,在423nm处测定体系的共振散射强度I423nm;
2)制备试剂空白体系:
用步骤1)的方法制备试剂空白体系,但不加入α-淀粉酶溶液,用荧光分光光度计测得试剂空白体系共振散射强度I0;
3)计算ΔI423nm=I0-I423nm的值;
4)以步骤1)中加入的α-淀粉酶的最终浓度为横坐标,以ΔI423nm为纵坐标,绘制工作曲线;
5)依据步骤1)的方法,制备检测体系,加入的α-淀粉酶为未知浓度的检测样品,求得被测样品的ΔI423nm;
6)根据工作曲线,求得被测样品中α-淀粉酶的浓度。
2.如权利要求1所述的测定方法,其特征是:α-淀粉酶在0.00835-0.501μg/mL范围内,α-淀粉酶的浓度与ΔI423nm呈良好的线性关系,线性方程ΔI423nm=155C+13,检出限为0.0069μg/mL。
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蒋治良,蒋彩娜,梁爱惠,黄国霞.催化共振散射光谱法测定木瓜蛋白酶活力.广西师范大学学报:自然科学版26 1.2008,26(1),76-79. |
蒋治良,蒋彩娜,梁爱惠,黄国霞.催化共振散射光谱法测定木瓜蛋白酶活力.广西师范大学学报:自然科学版26 1.2008,26(1),76-79. * |
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