CN101311024A - Electric motor cycle super capacitance and accumulator composite supply control system - Google Patents
Electric motor cycle super capacitance and accumulator composite supply control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101311024A CN101311024A CNA2008100180988A CN200810018098A CN101311024A CN 101311024 A CN101311024 A CN 101311024A CN A2008100180988 A CNA2008100180988 A CN A2008100180988A CN 200810018098 A CN200810018098 A CN 200810018098A CN 101311024 A CN101311024 A CN 101311024A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite power control system of super capacitor and battery for an electric motor car, which comprises a motor, a power battery set connected with the motor and the super capacitor. The power battery set is connected with a motor driving control device by a battery switching device, the super capacitor is connected with the motor driving control device by a bidirectional DC/DC transducer and the other end of the motor driving control device is connected with the motor. By adopting the control system to control the motor, the invention has the motor driving function, ensures that the motor works in a regenerative braking state during car braking and gliding, and recovers braking loss energy and adopts an intelligent composite control method to store the energy in the super capacitor and the battery, thereby increasing the efficiency of energy recovering, prolonging the driving distance of the electric motor car, improving the start-up, speed-up and grade climbing performance of the electric motor car, avoiding high-current charging and discharging of the battery, prolonging the service life of the battery, increasing braking torque and improving the reliability of the braking system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to battery-driven car and drive and regenerative brake control technology field particularly a kind of electric motor cycle super capacitance and accumulator composite supply control system.
Background technology
At present, the electric motorcycle motor vehicle drive system is made up of storage battery, motor and control system thereof, and the special charger that utilizes vehicle to be equipped with charges to storage battery, and storage battery adopts maintenance-free lead-acid battery or Ni-MH battery etc.When the vehicle ' certain distance, and battery tension is when dropping to certain lower limit, and must charge a battery this moment.Because the energy density of lead-acid battery or Ni-MH battery is not high, travelled distance is lower so vehicle once charges, at most 50km-70km, 20km-30km at least.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the present battery-operated motor cycle travelled distance that once charges lower; and vehicle brake and the present situation of degradation of energy when sliding; provide a kind of and can improve the battery-operated motor cycle travelled distance that once charges; and the saving energy; the protection storage battery; prolong storage battery service life, improve the electric motor cycle super capacitance and the accumulator composite supply control system of battery-operated motor cycle car load tractive performance.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the power accumulator group and the super capacitor that comprise electrical motor and be connected with electrical motor, the power accumulator group links to each other with motor drive control device through battery shifter, super capacitor links to each other with motor drive control device through two-way DC/DC changer, and the other end of motor drive control device links to each other with electrical motor.
DC/DC changer of the present invention is formed half-bridge structure by two power devices, and the centre of changer first power device T7 and the changer second power device T8 is connected with an inductance L; Battery shifter is MOSFET pipe or relay; The power accumulator group is lead-acid storage battery, lithium ion battery or nickel-hydrogen accumulator; Super capacitor is by the water system of separation of charge generation on carbon electrode and the electrolyte interface or the electric double layer capacitance of non-water system; Electrical motor is a permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine, motor drive control device is formed three phase inverter bridge by six power device MOSFET pipes, first, second power device T1 and the T2, the 3rd, the 4th power device T3 and T4, the 5th, the 6th power device T5 and T6 form the driving half-bridge respectively, constitute three phase inverter bridge, first, second power device T1 and the T2, the 3rd, the 4th power device T3 and T4, the 5th, the centre of the 6th power device T5 and T6 respectively with three phase winding A of electrical motor, B, C connects, the other end of three phase inverter bridge then is connected with the power accumulator group through shifter respectively, is connected with super capacitor with the DC/DC changer through inductance L; Electrical motor is the permanent magnet brush DC machine, motor drive control device is formed half-bridge structure by two power device MOSFET pipes, the centre of the first power device T1 and the second power device T2 is connected with electrical motor, the other end of half-bridge then is connected with the power accumulator group through shifter respectively, is connected with super capacitor with the DC/DC changer through inductance L.
The present invention is at vehicle brake with when sliding, make machine operation in the regenerative brake state by the electric machine control actuating device, and electric energy feedback that regenerative brake produced and be stored in storage battery and super capacitor in, both realized the energy feedback, can bring into play storage battery and super capacitor advantage separately again simultaneously, with the service life of the energy recovery efficiency that improves battery-driven car, instantaneous performance and prolongation battery.When the battery-driven car starting-up to speed, provide vehicle required superpower, avoided the heavy-current discharge of storage battery, prolonged the life-span of storage battery.When the energy recovery regenerative brake, earlier super capacitor is charged, solving storage battery can't effective fast electrically-charged problem, with the energy of abundant recycling brake power generating, to energy savings highly significant.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an integral structure scheme drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the systematic schematic diagram of battery-operated motor cycle when working in the cruising operating mode, storage battery independent drive motor, and to the super capacitor charging, energy flows to shown in arrow among the figure;
Fig. 3 is the systematic schematic diagram of battery-operated motor cycle when working in startup/acceleration/climbing driving cycle, and storage battery and super capacitor be drive motor together, and energy flows to shown in arrow among the figure;
Fig. 4 is the systematic schematic diagram of battery-operated motor cycle when working in the energy regeneration charge condition, and the feedback electric energy that this moment, the motor regenerative brake produced preferentially is stored in the super capacitor, realizes the energy regeneration charging to super capacitor, and energy flows to shown in arrow among the figure;
Fig. 5 is that battery-operated motor cycle works in the energy regeneration charge condition, systematic schematic diagram when super capacitor is full of, the feedback electric energy that this moment, the motor regenerative brake produced is stored in the storage battery, realizes the energy regeneration charging to storage battery, and energy flows to shown in arrow among the figure;
Fig. 6 is super capacitor and storage battery composite power source battery-operated motor cycle main circuit structure;
Fig. 7 is the current direction of battery-operated motor cycle when working in the cruising operating mode;
Fig. 8 is the current direction of battery-operated motor cycle when working in startup/acceleration/climbing driving cycle;
Fig. 9 and Figure 10 are the current direction of battery-operated motor cycle when working in the energy regeneration charge condition;
Figure 11 and Figure 12 are that battery-operated motor cycle works in the energy regeneration charge condition, the current direction when super capacitor is full of.
Figure 13 to Figure 16 is based on the current direction of battery-operated motor cycle when working in the energy regeneration charge condition of brush DC machine.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention includes electrical motor 4 and power accumulator group 1 that is connected with electrical motor 4 and super capacitor 6, power accumulator group 1 links to each other with motor drive control device 3 through battery shifter 2, super capacitor 6 links to each other with motor drive control device 3 through two-way DC/DC changer 5, and the other end of motor drive control device 3 links to each other with electrical motor 4.Power accumulator group 1 adopts lead-acid storage battery, lithium ion battery or nickel-hydrogen accumulator, super capacitor 6 is by the water system of separation of charge generation on carbon electrode and the electrolyte interface or the electric double layer capacitance of non-water system, battery shifter 2 is MOSFET pipe or relay, DC/DC changer 5 is formed half-bridge structure by two power devices, and the centre of changer first power device T7 and the changer second power device T8 is connected with an inductance L.
The present invention comes super capacitor is carried out aux. controls by a two-way DC/DC changer, connects super capacitor and power accumulator with it, forms the composite power source topological structure, is provided with driving governor between composite power source is with motor.Referring to Fig. 2, when the cruising operating mode, power accumulator independent drive motor, and charge to super capacitor; Referring to Fig. 3, during startup/acceleration/climbing driving cycle, storage battery and super capacitor be drive motor together; Referring to Fig. 4,5, in the regenerative brake process, preferentially super capacitor is charged; After super capacitor is full of, again to battery charge.When driving, the control policy management hybrid power system that employing speed and electric current are comprehensive can play a protective role to battery, prolongs the service life of battery, can improve the tractive performance of car load again; When the energy feedback; when being charged, adopts the power accumulator in the composite power source strategy of continuous current; when being charged, adopts super capacitor the strategy of permanent power; just the charge power of super capacitor in the regenerative brake process is controlled; when super capacitor voltage is low, adopt large current charge; when capacitance voltage rose, the charging current command value descended, and took into account the protection of energy recovery and system device.
Referring to Fig. 6, the electrical motor 4 that the present invention adopts is a permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine, motor drive control device 3 is formed three phase inverter bridge by six power device MOSFET pipes, first, second power device T1 and the T2, the 3rd, the 4th power device T3 and T4, the 5th, the 6th power device T5 and T6 form the driving half-bridge respectively, constitute three phase inverter bridge, first, second power device T1 and the T2, the 3rd, the 4th power device T3 and T4, the 5th, the centre of the 6th power device T5 and T6 respectively with three phase winding A of electrical motor, B, C connects, the other end of three phase inverter bridge then is connected with power accumulator group 1 through shifter 2 respectively, is connected with super capacitor 6 with DC/DC changer 5 through inductance L.
Battery-operated motor cycle is in the cruising operating mode, as shown in Figure 7, the driving circuit normal operation, drive by storage battery output, regulate the Buck step-down driving that the first, the 3rd and the 5th power device T1, T3 or T5 realize motor, and two-way DC/DC changer works in the state that is similar to standard Boost booster circuit, regulate the switch motion of power device T8, utilize the boosting of inductance L, form boost chopper, battery tension also can be charged to super capacitor being lower than under the super capacitor voltage condition.
Battery-operated motor cycle is in startup/acceleration/climbing driving cycle, as shown in Figure 8, the driving circuit normal operation, export driving jointly by storage battery and super capacitor, regulate the switch motion of power device T7, realize the super capacitor step-down, regulate the switch motion of power device T1, T3 or T5, realize that the Buck step-down of motor drives.
The occasion that battery-operated motor cycle need be braked mainly contains two kinds: with the speed of a motor vehicle from a high speed dropping to low speed, and speed limit during descending.
At glancing impact, when super capacitor is not full of, as Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 10, two-way DC/DC changer works in the state of similar standard Boost booster circuit, regulate the switch motion of power device T8, utilize the boosting of inductance L, form boost chopper, the machine winding counter electromotive force still can be charged to super capacitor under the situation that is lower than the super capacitor terminal voltage, and, not having booster circuit again because the machine winding counter electromotive force is lower than accumulator voltage, this moment is not to battery charge, according to the motor speed ratio of adjusting power device T8 turn-on and turn-off time, reach the purpose of adjusting charging valtage.
At glancing impact, after super capacitor is full of, as Figure 11 and shown in Figure 12, the drive circuit works of control system is regulated power device T2, the T4 of drive part or the switch motion of T6 in the state of similar standard Boost booster circuit, utilize motor to carry the boosting of inductance, form boost chopper, this moment, super capacitor was full of, so can only be to battery charge, regulate power device T2, T4 or the ratio of T6 turn-on and turn-off time according to motor speed, reach the purpose of adjusting charging valtage.
The present invention does not do big change to existing electric motorcycle motor vehicle drive system on hardware.
During normal vehicle operation, machine operation is in type of drive, and storage battery provides motor to move required electric energy, and to the super capacitor charging, direction of current as shown in Figure 7;
Vehicle is in that startup/acceleration/when climbing was travelled, machine operation was in type of drive, and storage battery and super capacitor provide motor to move required electric energy, and direction of current as shown in Figure 8;
During vehicle brake, controller makes machine operation in the regenerative brake state, and the electric energy feedback that preferentially the motor regenerative brake is produced and being stored in the super capacitor, realizes the charging in short-term to super capacitor, direction of current such as Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 10;
During vehicle brake, controller makes machine operation in the regenerative brake state, after super capacitor is full of, the motor regenerative brake is produced the electric energy feedback and is stored in the storage battery, realizes the charging in short-term to storage battery, direction of current such as Figure 11 and shown in Figure 12.
Below be the specific embodiment that the contriver provides, need to prove that these embodiment are some preferable examples, the invention is not restricted to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Adopt permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine for motor, power accumulator adopts lead-acid storage battery, super capacitor adopts water system double electrode layer super capacitor, the driving governor power device adopts electric motor cycle super capacitance and the accumulator composite supply control system of MOSFET, its driving control system as shown in Figure 6, the regulative mode such as the table one of power device under its driving and the braking situation, shown in the table two, table one is two-way DC/DC changer service condition, table two is made situation for the drive circuit power plumber, wherein 1 expression power device is in normal open state, on behalf of power device, 0 be in the normal off state, and on behalf of power device, P be in PWM (pulse duration modulation) state.In the table one, when mode of operation 1 is the cruising operating mode, storage battery independent drive motor, and charge to super capacitor; Mode of operation 2 is during for startup/acceleration/climbing driving cycle, and storage battery and super capacitor be drive motor together; Mode of operation 3 is in the regenerative brake process, preferentially super capacitor is charged; Mode of operation 4 is for after super capacitor is full of, again to battery charge.Table one:
| Mode of operation | T7 | T8 | T9 | T1 to T6 |
| 1 | 0 | |
1 | The work sequence of BLDCM driven |
| 2 | |
0 | 1 | The work sequence of BLDCM driven |
| 3 | 0 | |
0 | All turn-off |
| 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | The work sequence of BLDCM regenerative brake |
Table two:
Machine operation is in driving condition, and the rotor state is that 1 o'clock direction of current is shown in accompanying drawing 7 and accompanying drawing 8; When braking is preferentially charged to super capacitor, and the rotor state is 1 o'clock, when power switch T8 be under the conducting state direction of current as shown in Figure 9, when power switch T8 be under the off state direction of current as shown in Figure 10, under the effect of machine winding counter electromotive force, when the T8 conducting, because loop resistance is very little, the very fast rising of electric current, when T8 turn-offs, because the boosting of inductance L, the energy regeneration process of charging to super capacitor is finished in diode D7 conducting; When braking charges a battery after super capacitor is full of, and the rotor state is 1 o'clock, be under the situation of conducting state direction of current as power switch T2 as shown in Figure 11, when power switch T2 is under the off state direction of current as shown in Figure 12, under the effect of machine winding counter electromotive force, when the T2 conducting, because loop resistance is very little, the very fast rising of electric current, when T2 turn-offs, because the boosting of machine winding inductance, the energy regeneration process of charging to lead-acid storage battery is finished in diode D1 and D9 conducting.
Embodiment 2:
Referring to Figure 13, electrical motor 4 of the present invention adopts the permanent magnet brush DC machine, motor drive control device 3 is formed half-bridge structure by two power device MOSFET pipes, the centre of the first power device T1 and the second power device T2 is connected with electrical motor 4, the other end of half-bridge then is connected with power accumulator group 1 through shifter 2 respectively, is connected with super capacitor 6 with DC/DC changer 5 through inductance L.
Adopt the permanent magnet brush DC machine for motor, storage battery adopts lithium-ions battery, the driving governor power device adopts electric motor cycle super capacitance and the accumulator composite supply control system of MOSFET, its energy regeneration process of charging such as Figure 13, Figure 14, Figure 15 and shown in Figure 16.
As shown in figure 13, when the T8 conducting, under the effect of machine winding counter electromotive force, because loop resistance is very little, the very fast rising of electric current; As shown in figure 14, when T8 turn-offed, because the boosting of inductance L, the energy regeneration process of charging to super capacitor was finished in diode D7 conducting; As shown in figure 15, when the T2 conducting, under the effect of machine winding counter electromotive force, because loop resistance is very little, the very fast rising of electric current; As shown in figure 16, when T2 turn-offed, because the boosting of machine winding inductance, the energy regeneration process of charging to lithium ion battery was finished in diode D1 and D9 conducting.
The present invention does not do under the prerequisite of big change existing battery-operated motor cycle hardware configuration; adopt driving governor that motor is controlled; adopt two-way DC/DC changer that super capacitor is controlled; in driven, select to use battery traction or use storage battery and super capacitor to drive simultaneously according to road conditions; improved vehicle performance; at vehicle brake with when sliding; make machine operation in the regenerative brake state; the brake loss energy is reclaimed and is stored in super capacitor and the storage battery; not only improved energy recovery efficiency but also protected storage battery; reach once charge travelled distance and save the energy of raising battery-operated motor cycle, also reduced the purpose of brake noise simultaneously.The present invention can realize for the vehicle of different motors, storage battery, super capacitor and controller power device, is easy to industrialization production, has great using value.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of electric motor cycle super capacitance and accumulator composite supply control system, comprise electrical motor (4) and power accumulator group (1) that is connected with electrical motor (4) and super capacitor (6), it is characterized in that: power accumulator group (1) links to each other with motor drive control device (3) through battery shifter (2), super capacitor (6) links to each other with motor drive control device (3) through two-way DC/DC changer (5), and the other end of motor drive control device (3) links to each other with electrical motor (4).
2, electric motor cycle super capacitance according to claim 1 and accumulator composite supply control system, it is characterized in that: said DC/DC changer (5) is formed half-bridge structure by two power devices, and the centre of changer first power device T7 and the changer second power device T8 is connected with an inductance L.
3, electric motor cycle super capacitance according to claim 1 and accumulator composite supply control system is characterized in that: said battery shifter (2) is MOSFET pipe or relay.
4, electric motor cycle super capacitance according to claim 1 and accumulator composite supply control system is characterized in that: power accumulator group (1) is lead-acid storage battery, lithium ion battery or nickel-hydrogen accumulator.
5, electric motor cycle super capacitance according to claim 1 and accumulator composite supply control system is characterized in that: said super capacitor (6) is by the water system of separation of charge generation on carbon electrode and the electrolyte interface or the electric double layer capacitance of non-water system.
6, electric motor cycle super capacitance according to claim 1 and accumulator composite supply control system, it is characterized in that: said electrical motor (4) is a permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine, motor drive control device (3) is formed three phase inverter bridge by six power device MOSFET pipes, first, second power device T1 and the T2, the 3rd, the 4th power device T3 and T4, the 5th, the 6th power device T5 and T6 form the driving half-bridge respectively, constitute three phase inverter bridge, first, second power device T1 and the T2, the 3rd, the 4th power device T3 and T4, the 5th, the centre of the 6th power device T5 and T6 respectively with three phase winding A of electrical motor, B, C connects, the other end of three phase inverter bridge then is connected with power accumulator group (1) through shifter (2) respectively, is connected with super capacitor (6) with DC/DC changer (5) through inductance L.
7, electric motor cycle super capacitance according to claim 1 and accumulator composite supply control system, it is characterized in that: said electrical motor (4) is the permanent magnet brush DC machine, motor drive control device (3) is formed half-bridge structure by two power device MOSFET pipes, the centre of the first power device T1 and the second power device T2 is connected with electrical motor (4), the other end of half-bridge then is connected with power accumulator group (1) through shifter (2) respectively, is connected with super capacitor (6) with DC/DC changer (5) through inductance L.
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