CN101305182A - 用于电磁阀的优化的衔铁组导向装置 - Google Patents

用于电磁阀的优化的衔铁组导向装置 Download PDF

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CN101305182A
CN101305182A CNA2006800418020A CN200680041802A CN101305182A CN 101305182 A CN101305182 A CN 101305182A CN A2006800418020 A CNA2006800418020 A CN A2006800418020A CN 200680041802 A CN200680041802 A CN 200680041802A CN 101305182 A CN101305182 A CN 101305182A
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armature
guiding device
bearing pin
card
fuel injector
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CN101305182B (zh
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F·豪伊
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0014Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0014Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0017Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M63/0021Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means characterised by the arrangement of mobile armatures
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0014Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0017Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M63/0021Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means characterised by the arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M63/0022Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means characterised by the arrangement of mobile armatures the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0031Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/004Sliding valves, e.g. spool valves, i.e. whereby the closing member has a sliding movement along a seat for opening and closing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0031Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0043Two-way valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/007Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0071Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059 characterised by guiding or centering means in valves including the absence of any guiding means, e.g. "flying arrangements"
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/007Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0075Stop members in valves, e.g. plates or disks limiting the movement of armature, valve or spring
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0205Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively for cutting-out pumps or injectors in case of abnormal operation of the engine or the injection apparatus, e.g. over-speed, break-down of fuel pumps or injectors ; for cutting-out pumps for stopping the engine
    • F02M63/022Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively for cutting-out pumps or injectors in case of abnormal operation of the engine or the injection apparatus, e.g. over-speed, break-down of fuel pumps or injectors ; for cutting-out pumps for stopping the engine by acting on fuel control mechanism
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/30Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped
    • F02M2200/306Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped using mechanical means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/701Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger mechanical
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/80Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
    • F02M2200/8053Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly involving mechanical deformation of the apparatus or parts thereof
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2547/00Special features for fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M2547/003Valve inserts containing control chamber and valve piston

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有电磁阀的燃料喷射器,该电磁阀操作一个多件式的衔铁组件。该衔铁组件包括一个衔铁销轴(10)、一个通过阀弹簧(24)加载的衔铁销轴(10)和一个衔铁板(70)。通过该衔铁销轴(10)的行程运动打开或关闭用于使一控制室(48)卸压的关闭元件(6),由此可操作喷射阀元件(60)。衔铁板(70)与衔铁销轴(10)去偶合地在衔铁导向装置(28)上被导向。

Description

用于电磁阀的优化的衔铁组导向装置
技术领域
本发明涉及用于电磁阀的优化的衔铁组导向装置。
背景技术
DE 196 50 865 A1描述了一种用于控制喷射阀如共轨喷射系统的控制室中的燃料压力的电磁阀。通过控制室中的燃料压力控制阀活塞的行程运动,通过该阀活塞打开或关闭喷射阀的喷射孔。该电磁阀包括一个电磁铁、一个可运动的衔铁和一个随衔铁运动且由阀关闭弹簧在关闭方向上加载的阀元件,它与电磁阀的阀座共同作用并由此控制从控制室的燃料排出。
已知一种具有两件式衔铁的共轨喷射器,它通过电磁阀吸引。该衔铁在无电流情况下将关闭力施加到阀球上。当电磁铁通电时,衔铁以衔铁行程向上运动,作用于阀球上的关闭力的变成0,排流阀打开。固定地旋紧在燃料喷射器的喷射器体中的衔铁导向装置容纳衔铁销轴。衔铁板在衔铁销轴上被导向,衔铁板本身被电磁铁吸引。衔铁销轴可能由于导向间隙而在衔铁导向装置中倾翻。衔铁板本身可能在衔铁销轴上倾翻,因此可作为导向间隙的总和来确定衔铁销轴/衔铁板组件例如相对于喷射器主轴线的总倾翻。
衔铁板在衔铁导向装置上具有一个确定的过行程止挡,它承受在关断电磁铁后来自系统的衔铁运动动能。当阀球处于其阀座中时,衔铁销轴停止其运动。衔铁板在碰到过行程止挡以前还可以以过行程继续移动(弹道式运行阶段)。因此只有一部分来自衔铁销轴运动的动能必须在阀座中分解。来自衔铁板的动能部分在喷射器体中分解。
在目前的批量生产中存在这样的问题:将关闭力施加在衔铁销轴上的阀弹簧将横向力分量导入到由衔铁板和衔铁销轴组成的组件中。由于衔铁导向装置与衔铁销轴之间的导向间隙,这导致衔铁销轴在衔铁导向装置中倾翻。当横向力大时该倾翻也可能在电磁铁通电时在衔铁销轴的上部位置存在,因为衔铁销轴止挡可单侧贴靠。因此,所调定的衔铁行程(即衔铁销轴在运行中的运动)的一部分不能完全被利用。这导致燃料到内燃机燃烧室中的喷射量减少。因此衔铁销轴在衔铁导向装置中发生摩擦,这同样影响衔铁销轴的运动。该摩擦随着倾翻角α增大而增加,因为触发力的杠杆臂同样增大。阀弹簧的作用点与衔铁导向装置的上端部具有相对较大的间距。由此在衔铁导向装置的上端和下端存在很高的点作用于衔铁销轴上的力,它们加大摩擦,因此使衔铁销轴的运动变慢。衔铁销轴运动的速度、即阀球的打开和关闭对带入到内燃机燃烧室中的喷射量具有很大影响。
为了解决该问题已经尝试限制导向间隙,目的是减小倾翻角。限制导向间隙又导致,衔铁销轴在运行中不能保持相同的位置,而是在一次喷射与另一次喷射时占据不同的位置。由此产生衔铁销轴与衔铁导向装置之间的变化的摩擦并由此产生喷射量变动。
此外已经证实,由于上述的衔铁板和衔铁销轴以倾翻角α相对于喷射器主轴线的总倾翻,当衔铁板与磁铁衔铁之间保留的剩余气隙小时,可能产生衔铁板与磁铁衔铁之间的碰撞,另一方面,当剩余气隙不均匀延伸时,也产生不均匀地分布在圆周上的磁力。这加大了随机产生的摩擦力并因此影响用该燃料喷射器实现的燃料到内燃机燃烧室中的喷射量。不均匀分布的磁力附加地也导致衔铁销轴弯曲并由此导致衔铁导向变差,因为形成更大的摩擦力分量。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是,消除由现有技术的解决方案带来的缺陷并且提供一种电磁阀用的多件式衔铁组件的衔铁导向装置,该电磁阀操作燃料喷射器,该电磁阀一方面完全利用衔铁销轴的行程,另一方面使所出现的衔铁组件例如相对于燃料喷射器主轴线的倾翻最小。为此按照本发明建议,对于两件式构成的、包括一个衔铁销轴和一个衔铁板的衔铁组件,衔铁板装备有独立于衔铁销轴的导向装置,并且,电磁阀的阀弹簧在衔铁销轴上的力作用点的间距移植到衔铁导向装置的上端部上。由此,阀弹簧的作用点与衔铁导向装置上端部的间距明显缩短。其结果是,在弹簧横向力相同的情况下在衔铁导向装置内部产生的横向力减小,由此衔铁销轴与包围衔铁销轴的衔铁导向装置之间的摩擦明显减小。在延长构成的衔铁导向装置与衔铁销轴之间的导向间隙相同的情况下倾翻明显减小。按照本发明建议的解决方案的另一有利效果是,通过倾翻产生的杠杆臂明显减小,这同样有助于减小两件式构成的衔铁组件、尤其是衔铁销轴与包围该衔铁销轴的衔铁导向装置之间的摩擦。
由于衔铁板的导向与衔铁销轴去偶合,衔铁板的最大倾翻减小。不均匀地作用于两件式构成的衔铁组件的衔铁板上的磁力可以在衔铁导向装置外部施加到对衔铁板导向的导向装置上并因此不促使衔铁销轴弯曲,该衔铁销轴被按照本发明建议的延长的衔铁导向装置包围。由于作用于衔铁销轴上的横向力减小,衔铁销轴可相对于延长构成的衔铁导向装置更轻松地运动,由此实现可再现的喷射量,因为由于横向力最小而可以实现衔铁销轴在包围衔铁销轴的延长构成的衔铁导向装置中的更轻松的导向。延长构成的衔铁导向装置包围两件式构成的衔铁组件的衔铁销轴,它一方面由于可达到横向力的减小而改善了衔铁销轴运动在衔铁导向装置内部的轻便性,另一方面该延长构成的衔铁导向装置对多件式构成的衔铁组件的衔铁板提供导向。由于衔铁板在延长构成的衔铁导向装置的外表面上的导向,通过衔铁板感应的横向力不作用于可在衔铁导向装置内部运动的衔铁销轴上并且妨碍其运动,而是由延长构成的衔铁导向装置的外表面承受。
附图说明
下面借助于附图详细描述本发明。
附图中示出:
图1衔铁销轴与按照现有技术构成的衔铁导向装置之间的导向间隙的影响以及放大示出的衔铁销轴相对于衔铁导向装置的倾翻,
图2一个电磁阀的一个剖面,该电磁阀设置有按照本发明的衔铁组件以及延长的衔铁导向装置,
图3延长构成的衔铁导向装置的细节描述,
图4多件式构成的衔铁组件的衔铁板的俯视图,
图5衔铁板的在图4中所示的剖切面V-V。
具体实施方式
从图1的描述中可看到以放大图示出的衔铁销轴与按照现有技术的衔铁导向装置之间的导向间隙的影响,其衔铁板未示出。
图1示出一个衔铁销轴10,它由衔铁导向装置12包围。该衔铁销轴10由阀弹簧24加载。在衔铁导向装置12的上环形面与阀弹簧24的力导入点之间存在一个间距22。在衔铁销轴10与衔铁导向装置12之间产生的横向力随着间距22的减小而减小。按照在图1中所示的配置,在衔铁销轴10外表面与衔铁导向装置12内表面之间存在导向间隙18。在图1中示出衔铁销轴10相对于喷射器主轴线14处于所描述的倾翻状态,具有倾翻角α。在图1中以放大比例示出的倾翻使得衔铁销轴10在包围它的衔铁导向装置12内部处于倾斜位置,由此,由于在衔铁导向装置12上产生的摩擦,衔铁销轴10难以运动,以及产生不被充分利用的衔铁行程ΔAH。不被充分利用的衔铁行程ΔAH在衔铁销轴10相对于静止构成的衔铁导向装置12做行程运动时不能被充分利用并且无助于衔铁销轴10的行程,因此也无助于要打开或要关闭的阀体的打开运动。
杠杆臂导致随着衔铁销轴10的倾翻而产生不被充分利用的衔铁行程ΔAH,该杠杆臂在衔铁销轴10的对称轴线与其止挡面38的外端部之间延伸并且用符号16标记。
在按照图2的视图中示出一个电磁阀的一个剖面,该电磁阀操作燃料喷射器,该电磁阀具有按照本发明建议的衔铁组件和延长构成的衔铁导向装置。
在燃料喷射器的喷射器体30中有一个电磁阀,它包括一个电磁铁32。一个两件式构成的衔铁组件位于电磁铁32下方,该组件包括衔铁销轴10和衔铁板70。衔铁销轴10被延长构成的衔铁导向装置28包围。衔铁板70在延长构成的衔铁导向装置28的颈部29的外表面上被导向。衔铁销轴10被阀弹簧24加载。阀弹簧24的力作用点与延长构成的衔铁导向装置28的上端部的上侧面的间距以符号54标记,该间距明显短于在图1中所示的阀弹簧24力作用点与在那里所示的按照现有技术的衔铁导向装置12之间的间距22。
按照图2所示的衔铁板70被衔铁板弹簧36预加载,衔铁板弹簧本身支撑在延长构成的衔铁导向装置的一盘状构造的支座66上。延长的衔铁导向装置28的盘状构造的支座66借助夹紧螺纹装置52旋紧在事先置入喷射器体30中的调整垫圈56上,由此固定在喷射器体30中。调整垫圈56例如可以涉及分级的调整垫圈,通过调整垫圈56来定义衔铁行程。
衔铁板70的运动向上通过一个调整环34限制,该调整环支撑在衔铁销轴10上。在衔铁销轴10的与调整环34相对置的端部上存在衔铁销轴10的一个盘状构成的止挡38,它止挡在延长构成的衔铁导向装置28的盘状构成的支座66的下端面上。衔铁销轴10的盘状的止挡38被分级的调整环56包围。分级的调整环56又支承在喷射阀元件导向装置59的端面58上。在喷射阀元件导向装置59内部构成一个控制室48,它通过输入节流装置50被加载以处于高压下的燃料压力并且通过排出节流装置46可卸压。该排出节流装置46可以通过一个在图2所示实施例中球形构成的关闭元件42释放或封闭。在喷射阀元件导向装置59中在排出节流装置46的区域中构成一个用于在这里球形构成的关闭元件42的阀座44。该球形构成的关闭元件42被导向体40包围,该导向体通过衔铁销轴10的下端部被力加载。
当电磁铁32被操作后在球形构成的封闭部件42打开时控制室48卸压时,在控制室48中进行压力降低,由此,针形构成的喷射阀元件60向上移动。由此,在这里只局部示出的燃料喷射器的底侧上的喷射孔打开,使得处于高压下的燃料可以在燃料喷射器的燃烧室侧端部上喷射到内燃机的燃烧室中。
由按照图2的视图可以看出,通过衔铁导向装置28的延长结构,一方面可以明显缩短阀弹簧24的力作用点与延长的衔铁导向装置28的上侧面之间的间距54,使得通过阀弹簧24相对于衔铁销轴10引入的横向力显著减小。此外在图2中可以看出,与按照现有技术的解决方案不同,衔铁板70此时不是被接收在衔铁销轴10上,而是被接收在延长构成的衔铁导向装置28的颈部29的外表面上。由于这种支承,可能出现的衔铁板70相对于衔铁销轴10对称轴线的倾翻不传递到衔铁销轴10上,而是由延长构成的衔铁导向装置28的颈部29承受。
出于完整性要指出,喷射阀元件导向装置59通过夹紧螺纹装置52在座62上与燃料喷射器的喷射器体30牢固连接。
由在图3中所示的延长构成的衔铁导向装置的细节图可以看出,延长构成的衔铁导向装置28具有结合图2已经描述过的盘状支座66并具有一轴向延伸的颈部段29。颈部段的外表面用作导向面72,用于两件式构成的衔铁组件的在图3中未示出的衔铁板70。此外在延长构成的衔铁导向装置28的颈部段的上端面上构成一个用于衔铁板70的过行程止挡74。该延长导向装置28的过行程止挡74与一个与其互补地在衔铁板70上构成的止挡共同作用(参见图5的剖面图)。
延长构成的衔铁导向装置28的颈部段的外表面用作用于衔铁板70的导向面72,而延长的衔铁导向装置28内表面构成用于在图3中同样未示出但在图2中可看到的衔铁销轴10的导向面68。通过衔铁导向装置28在轴向上的延长可实现:在延长的导向装置28的导向面68上被导向的衔铁销轴10按照图2的视图在更大的轴向长度上在衔铁导向装置28内部被导向并且仅仅由于这种情况就已经可减少基于导向间隙18的衔铁销轴10倾翻。通由于倾翻减小,不被充分利用的衔铁行程ΔAH也减小,因为该衔铁行程与倾翻具有直接的几何关系。
从按照图4的视图可看到一个衔铁板,具有剖切线V-V,在图5中示出。
从按照图4和5的视图可以看出,被接收在图2中所示衔铁销轴10上的衔铁板70翼形构成并且在按照图4的实施例中包括三个翼。由按照图5的剖面图可以看出,衔铁板70本身具有一个过行程止挡80,它与按照图3所示的延长的衔铁导向装置28的上端部上的过行程止挡74共同作用。此外在衔铁板70的内侧构成一个导向面78,它与按照图3所示的延长的衔铁导向装置28的外表面(参见那里的标记72)共同作用。根据制造质量和衔铁板70内侧的导向面78之间的圆度和导向面72、即延长的衔铁导向装置28的外表面的加工品质不同,可以实现衔铁板70在延长的衔铁导向装置28上的高精度导向。为了使衔铁销轴10克服阀弹簧24的作用向上运动,作为吸力作用于衔铁板70上的磁力通过传递面82传递到调整环34中,由此传递到衔铁销轴10上。
延长构成的衔铁导向装置28的任务是,对衔铁销轴10在内部导向并且在喷射器中提供一个支座。延长的衔铁导向装置28上的过行程止挡74向上移动。由于按照本发明建议的解决方案,衔铁板70的导向功能现在不再由衔铁销轴10承担,而是由延长构成的衔铁导向装置28承担。为此,延长的衔铁导向装置28在外径上具有附加的功能面,构型为导向面72。衔铁板70具有该功能:承受由电磁铁32产生的磁力并且通过传递面82传递到调整环34上从而传递到衔铁销轴10上以便打开阀,构成在外表面、即延长的衔铁导向装置28的导向面72上的导向面78,将打开力传递到衔铁销轴10上并且提供一过行程止挡、即过行程止挡80。与迄今由现有技术已知的解决方案不同,衔铁板70的导向不是直接在衔铁销轴10上进行,而是在按照本发明建议的解决方案中移植到延长的衔铁导向装置28或其颈部区域上。由此,衔铁板70的导向的内径增大,其中该导向通过延长的衔铁导向装置28的颈部区域上的导向面72并通过衔铁板70的颈部29的内侧的导向面78给出。

Claims (9)

1.燃料喷射器,具有一电磁阀,该电磁阀操作一个多件式的衔铁组件,该衔铁组件包括一个通过阀弹簧(24)加载的衔铁销轴(10)、一个衔铁板(70)和一个衔铁导向装置(28),并且,通过该衔铁销轴(10)的行程运动打开或关闭用于使一控制室(48)卸压的关闭元件(6),由此可操作喷射阀元件(60),其特征在于,衔铁板(70)与衔铁销轴(10)去偶合地在衔铁导向装置(28)上被导向。
2.如权利要求1所述的燃料喷射器,其特征在于,衔铁导向装置(28)的一个用作过行程止挡(74)的端面相对于阀弹簧(24)的力导入位置处于减小的间距(54)。
3.如权利要求1所述的燃料喷射器,其特征在于,所述衔铁板(70)在衔铁导向装置(28)的一导向面(72)上被导向。
4.如权利要求1所述的燃料喷射器,其特征在于,所述衔铁板(70)具有一个用于将磁力传递到衔铁销轴(10)上的传递面(82)。
5.如权利要求1所述的燃料喷射器,其特征在于,所述衔铁板(70)通过弹簧元件(36)预加载,该弹簧元件被接收在衔铁板(70)的套筒状台阶与衔铁导向装置(28)的盘状支座(66)之间。
6.如权利要求1所述的燃料喷射器,其特征在于,在衔铁导向装置(28)与衔铁销轴(10)之间存在一个导向间隙(18),衔铁销轴(10)相对于燃料喷射器的喷射器主轴线(14)的倾翻角α通过衔铁导向装置(28)在轴向上的延长而最小化。
7.如权利要求1所述的燃料喷射器,其特征在于,衔铁导向装置(28)的外表面上的一导向面(72)、衔铁板(70)的一导向面(78)和衔铁导向装置(28)的一内圆周面(68)以提高的表面质量实施。
8.如权利要求3所述的燃料喷射器,其特征在于,所述导向面(72)是一个相对于喷射器体(30)位置固定的、与衔铁销轴(10)的运动无关的衔铁板(70)导向装置。
9.如权利要求1所述的燃料喷射器,其特征在于,所述衔铁导向装置(28)具有一个延长构成的颈部段(29),使得衔铁销轴(10)与衔铁导向装置(28)之间的横向力最小化。
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