CN101288919A - Welding method for thick plate and ultra-thick plate of 50-120 mm - Google Patents

Welding method for thick plate and ultra-thick plate of 50-120 mm Download PDF

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CN101288919A
CN101288919A CNA2007101920472A CN200710192047A CN101288919A CN 101288919 A CN101288919 A CN 101288919A CN A2007101920472 A CNA2007101920472 A CN A2007101920472A CN 200710192047 A CN200710192047 A CN 200710192047A CN 101288919 A CN101288919 A CN 101288919A
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arc
temperature
weld
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CN100548562C (en
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陈宝民
刘瑜
李荣浩
夏阳
阮正洁
吴浩
刘辉
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STEEL STRUCTURE Co Ltd OF CHINA TIESIJU CIVIL ENGINEERING GROUP
China Tiesiju Civil Engineering Group Co Ltd CTCE Group
Steel Structure Construction Co Ltd of CTCE Group
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Hefei Zhongtie Steel Structure Co ltd
China Tiesiju Civil Engineering Group Co Ltd CTCE Group
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Abstract

The invention discloses a welding method of a thick plate and an ultra-thick plate of 50-120 mm, which comprises the steps of blanking, groove processing, component assembly, sundry cleaning, arc striking/extinguishing plate setting, pre-heating before welding, seam bottoming, filling layer welding, welding flaw detection, steel plate deformation control, weldment heat treatment and the like, wherein the filling layer welding adopts multilayer multi-pass welding: adopting submerged arc welding, controlling the preheating temperature at 80-120 ℃, controlling the thickness of each layer of welding line within 5.0mm, controlling the interlayer temperature at 80-200 ℃, controlling the welding current at 600-800 amperes, controlling the arc voltage at 28-35 volts and controlling the welding speed at 35-42 cm/min; the invention carries out various welding tests and mechanical property tests, determines welding steps and welding process parameters and ensures the quality of welding seams.

Description

The welding method of 50~120mm slab and ultra-thick plate
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of solder technology, specifically is the welding method of a kind of 50~120mm slab and ultra-thick plate.
Background technology
The 14MnNbq steel is to make the novel microalloying steel that Longspan Bridge is developed for satisfying China, this kind steel at first are applied in Construction of Wuhu Changjiang River Bridge, and that Construction of Wuhu Changjiang River Bridge thickness of slab maximum only reaches 56mm is thick, in recent years along with industrial developments such as machinery, the energy, traffic, petrochemical industry, buildings, various Welding Structures are also constantly towards functional and large scale development, particularly the every field that is welded on of slab has also obtained swift and violent development, so the welding of slab needs the quality that a series of technical measures guarantee weld seam.
The welding of 50~120mm14MnNbq steel thick plate and ultra-thick plate is present, and is still blank at home.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the welding method of a kind of 50~120mm slab and ultra-thick plate, carry out various soldering tests, mechanical test, determine welding step and welding condition, guarantee the quality of weld seam.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The welding method of 50~120mm slab and ultra-thick plate, include blanking, groove processing, the member assembling, the foreign material cleaning, draw/setting of blow-out plate, weld preheating, the weld seam bottoming, the packed layer welding, the welding flaw detection, steel plate deformed control, steps such as weldment heat treatment, it is characterized in that: the packed layer welding adopts multi-pass welding to connect: adopt submerged-arc welding, preheat temperature is controlled at 80-120 ℃, every layer of throat depth is controlled in the 5.0mm millimeter, interlayer temperature is controlled at 80-200 ℃, welding current is the 600-800 ampere, arc voltage is the 28-35 volt, and speed of welding is 35-42cm/min; Or employing manual electric arc welding, preheat temperature is controlled at 80-150 ℃, interlayer temperature is controlled at 80-200 ℃, welding rod is heated to 330-350 ℃ of insulation, the electric current of penetration, the saturating angle welding of fritting should be than the electric current of flat butt welding big 8-12%, minor diameter welding rod, big electric current, the welding of clip angle are adopted in weld seam bottoming welding, to guarantee the root penetration.
The welding method of described 50~120mm slab and ultra-thick plate, it is characterized in that described member adopts the welding of 14MnNbq steel 50+120mm slab X type groove, adopt submerged-arc welding, bevel angle is 70 °, root face is of a size of 7-8mm, preheat temperature is 88 ℃, and by the order that multi-pass welding connects, temperature is 88 ℃ between the road of the 1st welding bead, welding current is 660 amperes, arc voltage is 30 volts, and speed of welding is 37cm/min, and temperature is 93-172 ℃ between the road of 2-5 welding bead, welding current is the 710-720 ampere, arc voltage is the 30-31 volt, and speed of welding is 36-38cm/min, and temperature is 126-158 ℃ between the road of 6-7 welding bead, welding current is 720 amperes, arc voltage is the 32-33 volt, and speed of welding is the 38-40 volt, and the 8th welding bead is the final weld of last groove welding, temperature is 142 ℃ between the road, welding current is the 740-760 ampere, and arc voltage is the 30-31 volt, and speed of welding is 36cm/min; The 9th welding bead is the initial welding bead behind the flange, and temperature is 128-165 ℃ between the road of 9-15 welding bead, and welding current is the 710-720 ampere, and arc voltage is the 31-32 volt, and speed of welding is 36-38cm/min.
The welding method of described 50~120mm slab and ultra-thick plate, when it is characterized in that described employing submerged-arc welding, welding wire for submerged-arc welding: H08Mn2E, Φ 4.0mm and Φ 5.0mm are adopted in butt welding, H08MnA, Φ 5.0mm are adopted in the submerged arc fillet welding, and welding rod adopts: SHJ507Ni, Φ 3.2mm, Φ 4.0mm, Φ 5.0mm; Solid core welding wire adopts: CHW-50C6 (ER50-6), Φ 1.2mm; Flux-cored wire: JQYJ501-1, Φ 1.2mm, Φ 1.6mm; Solder flux: SJ101q; Welding equipment: Lincoln weld welding machine (MZ-1-1000 type welding machine); Manual metal-arc welding welding machine (ZX7-400).
According to the Fe-C balance chart and the welding CCT figure of 14MnNbq steel, and utilize computer modeling technique, the weldability of slab is analyzed, determine its cooling curve and t 8/5, and then tentatively determine every soldering test technological parameter, adjust parameters again according to the test feedback data and be used for construction.
POST WELD HEAT TREATMENT OF ENTIRE is aspect the bridge making, the weld seam after welding treatment technology of Cai Yonging first, not only well improved the internal organizational structure of weld seam, also improved simultaneously the low-temperature impact toughness of weld seam, reduced the welding residual stress of weld seam, guaranteed the structural behaviour of weld seam, for the after welding treatment to thick plates in bridge making and the processing of other steel constructions has accumulated certain experience.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is 50+120mm14MnNbq steel plate welding point position macroscopic view acid etching figure.
Fig. 2 (a) is the welding point form sketch corresponding to table 1;
Fig. 2 (b) is the pass sequence figure corresponding to table 2.
The specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is applied to 50~120mm14MnNbq steel thick plate and the welding quality control of ultra-thick plate and the heat treatment of postwelding butt welded seam in the steel construction manufacture process.
(1) technological process
According to the characteristics of the concrete structure and the weld seam of member, in conjunction with self working ability and technical merit, work out realistic technological measure simultaneously, formulate the detailed process flow of can member processing according to the technological measure of determining
Blanking → edge processing → groove making → member assembling → weld preheating → member welding → postweld heat preservation → weld seam detection → straightening.
(2) method of operating and main points
1. the inspection of raw and process materials
For the material that uses and welding material in the member, must have certificate of quality files such as quality of materials certificate, the quality certification when marching into the arena, and review by the related specifications requirement, have only the qualified material of reinspection just can come into operation.
2. blanking
(1) before the parts blanking, check, and carry out setting-out work steel plate.
(2) erose parts use the numerical control cutting machine blanking, the parts of regular shape use automatically or the semi auto cutting machine blanking, the preceding iron rust with steel cutting zone surface of cutting, dirt etc. are removed clean with wire brush, cutting back removing slag and splash.
(3) adopt thermal cutting or cold cut to cut off the parts of material, reserve certain allowance, to guarantee the processing dimension of part.
3. edge processing
(1) groove processing
The groove of thick plates adopts the method for machining to carry out the cold working making, if adopt the method for flame cutting to make bevel for welding, and the quench-hardened case of hot-working generation is handled.
(2) processing at other edges
For non-welded edge, adopt the method for artificial treatment, eliminate foreign matters such as cutting residue, burr.
(3) welding region cleaning
Welding region is carried out reconditioning handle, be as the criterion until exposing metallic luster.
4. member assembling
(1) in order to guarantee assembly precision, the member assembling must be carried out on the positioning clamping fixture of special use, in the assembling process, in time checks the relative position of each parts, after inspection meets required precision, just can position welding.
(2) the strict location welding requirements of carrying out the member that welding procedure formulates, the length of location welding must not surpass 50mm, spacing distance must not be greater than 350mm, welding current be controlled at normal welding current 15% in.
5. member welding
(1) preparation before the welding
1. the welding of member slab should be carried out indoor, if weld outdoor, must carry out windproof, rainproof measure.
2. according to the welding procedure regulation, must the welding material that welding is used be toasted, in the welding process, use lagging facility that welding material is incubated.
3. preweld cleaning: with tack welding place weldering skin, splash, vaporific attachment carefully removes, tack welding starting point and receive the arc place and must reconditioning go out changeover portion, and confirm defectives existence such as no incomplete fusion, shrinkage hole.
4. weld preheating before welding beginning, is carried out The pre-heat treatment to the welding position, and preheating position should be advisable apart from welding position 50mm place, and preheat temperature should be controlled within 80~200 ℃ the scope.
(2) welding operation
This operation is the critical process of this technological process, when carrying out this operation, must strictly observe the pertinent regulations and the requirement of welding procedure, and postwelding is taked local heat treatmet technology, reduces because the residual stress that welding produces as far as possible.
1. draw, the setting of blow-out plate
In order to guarantee initiating terminal and the welding quality of the end of ending, be provided with at the weld seam two ends of member draw, the blow-out plate, draw, the length of blow-out plate must not be less than 100mm.
2. weld seam bottoming
Must carry out preheating to the welding position during bottoming welding, select for use the welding parameter of little heat input to weld simultaneously.
3. packed layer welding
The redundance that arc causes is received in the bossing and the striking of rejecting before the welding on the first floor welding bead, and scrutiny groove edge has or not incomplete fusion and depression angle, injures the groove edge if any adopting electric angle grinder or gouge to remove, should must not note.
The groove of thick plates and the larynx of weld seam are thick all bigger, therefore in the process of welding, should adopt the welding method of multiple tracks multilayer, and must strictly control the interlayer temperature of welding in the process of welding, at any time use temperature measurer to detect the interlayer temperature of weld seam, forbid that weld interpass temperature surpasses the temperature of welding procedure control.
4. the welding of surface layer
Can the presentation quality that surface layer is directly connected to this joint satisfy quality requirement, therefore when surface layer welds, should note selecting for use moderate current value and attention long slightly, will receive the arc place during welded lap and clean out fashionable of groove fusing of margin, and in this place's striking (the about 10mm of the lap of splice).
5. Deformation control
The design specialized frock rigidly fixes member, and the welding process setting stops cautious check, proofreaies and correct (flame correction), and adopts methods such as balanced welding, segmentation weldering to be controlled in strict accordance with welding procedure.
Adopt reversible deformation technology, reduce the generation of welding deformation.
6. weld seam local heat treatmet
After the surface layer welding of weld seam finishes, must take the insulation measure, delay the cooling velocity of weld seam, the crystallization process of control weld(ing) deposit, the welding stress of reduction weld seam, the quality of raising weld seam.
7. weld seam detection
Weld seam detection is mainly visual examination and Non-Destructive Testing
The visual examination of weld seam is based on range estimation: its outward appearance Forming Quality of visual examination, have or not defectives such as sand holes, fusion character pore, undercut, overlap, and with weld gauge check its height (0~+ 2mm).
The main means of Non-Destructive Testing are: ultrasonic wave, ray, magnetic and dye penetrant inspection, the internal soundness of weld seam is used ultrasonic wave and radiographic inspection, the surface quality of weld seam is used magnetic powder inspection, and the weld seam of surface quality use method of colouring to carry out to(for) the narrow space inspection detects.If any the weld defect that exceeds standard, carry out repair welding again after then defective thoroughly being removed and checked with carbon arc air gouging or electric angle grinder.
8. bulk heat treatmet
For complex structure, the parts that weld seam is concentrated should be taked independent processing, machine after weld seam detection is qualified, should carry out the bulk heat treatmet of member, and the purpose of bulk heat treatmet is: improve the institutional framework of weld material, improve the impact flexibility of weld seam.
When member is piled up in heat-treatment furnace, must guarantee that member props up levels up surely, reduces the unsettled area of member, if the member multilayer is piled up as far as possible, the fulcrum that props up pad should be selected in the bigger position of member rigidity, and the position of the fulcrum of going up between the lower member should be consistent.
When member is heat-treated, operate according to the Technology for Heating Processing of formulating, must strict programming rate, temperature retention time and the cooling rate of controlling heat-treatment furnace.Prevent to change because of misoperation causes the internal organizational structure of member mother metal and deposited metal.
Having only just can come out of the stove after furnace temperature drops to set point of temperature carries out the nature cooling, and member forbids to use immersion to wait the method for forcing cooling to accelerate the cooling velocity of member in cooling procedure.
6. Control Welding Process main points
(1) process monitoring
1. the groove of member processing: machining is adopted in the groove processing of member as far as possible, during as if the cutting of employing flame, must leave allowance, and the quench-hardened case that causes when with abrasive machine flame being cut then removes (2~3mm).The flame quench-hardened case can make the hardness number of weld seam increase, and when welding parameter and inappropriate technology, easily makes defectives such as the inner formation of weld seam slag inclusion.
2. member is assembled tack welding: use the SHJ507Ni SMAW to position welding during the assembling of slab member location.Require to carry out The pre-heat treatment before the welding.Avoid causing the tack weld cracking, cause the dimensional discrepancy of member because of constraint stress is excessive.
3. weld cleaning: before formal welding that the dirt removals such as iron rust in groove and the groove both sides 50mm is clean, cause the weld seam internal porosity to prevent oil, iron rust, existing of moisture content.
4. can suitably adjust welding condition and preheat temperature according to the variations in temperature of welding surroundings, and do detailed welding process record.
(2) submerged-arc welding
1. welding bead is arranged and is adopted the multilayer multiple tracks as far as possible, and every layer throat depth is controlled in the 5.0mm.Avoid because of excessive penetration ratio and too small appearance of weld coefficient, and the segregation phenomena that increases the weight of weld metal causes solidification cracking.
2. hot temperature is controlled at 80~120 ℃, and interlayer temperature is controlled in 200 ℃, and slab member postwelding cools off it naturally, can not adopt strong cold measure.Because the too fast meeting of cooling velocity reduces welding seam toughness, hardness increases, if preheat temperature and interlayer temperature control are improper, easily makes weld seam inside appear as fusion and weld crack.
3. control the matching relationship between welding current, arc voltage and the speed of welding.When other conditions were constant, welding current increased then weld penetration increase, and the appearance of weld coefficient diminishes.When the appearance of weld coefficient hour very easily forms narrow and dark welding bead very much, cause the weld seam segregation seriously to form face crack and solidification cracking.Therefore the moulding coefficient with submerged arc weld is controlled at about 1.3.When welding bead is arranged, make reasonable arrangement for the appearance of weld coefficient of prime coat, packed layer, capping layer, to reduce defectives such as weld crack, undercut and lack of fusion.
4. control speed of welding
When other conditions were constant, the speed of welding increase then heat input and the filling metal of weld seam reduced, and the fusion penetration of weld seam is shoaled, and easily produces not penetration and undercut.If speed of welding is too slow, when weldering prime coat welding bead, easily cause weld seam to puncture.
5. control the inclination angle of welding wire
The welding wire weld penetration that leans forward then increases, and hypsokinesis then fusion penetration shoals.Therefore when welding, can change the inclination angle of welding wire according to the requirement of the thickness of root face and fusion penetration, to satisfy welding requirements.
(3) manual electric arc welding
1. the control of preheat temperature and interlayer temperature:
The preheat temperature of manual electric arc welding is controlled at 80~150 ℃, and interlayer temperature is controlled at 80~200 ℃, because the relation of welding equipment and welding rod current density, the manual metal-arc welding heat input can not exceed standard, and does not therefore do control.If interlayer temperature and preheat temperature control are improper, then make the too high easy formation weld crack of joint hardness of weld seam.In welding process, if interlayer temperature is lower than requirement and can takes the heating measure.
2. welding rod and ceramic substrate will be done the oven dry processing:
Welding rod will be heated to 350 ℃, is incubated 2 hours, ready access upon use.Do not handle if do not do oven dry, when welding, very easily form pore.Liner easily makes face of weld pore and shrinkage pore occur if not doing oven dry handles in use.
3. welding current control:
Should select different welding currents with sheet metal thickness according to different welding positions during manual metal-arc welding.In flat, upright butt welding,, easily form slag inclusion and penetration not, as if the excessive defectives such as puncture, undercut, overlap that then cause of electric current if electric current is too small.
4. the electric current of penetration, the saturating angle welding of fritting should be bigger by 10% than the electric current of flat butt welding, and the prime coat welding should be adopted minor diameter welding rod, big electric current, the welding of clip angle, to guarantee the root penetration.
7. material, weld seam form and combination
(1) material and specification
14MnNbq (being Q370qE) often uses a kind of low-alloy structural steel in the bridge steel structure, owing to added Nb, trace elements such as V, the intensity and the low-temperature impact toughness of steel have been improved greatly, the welding performance that also is steel is improved, the thickness of normally used steel plate is 14~50mm in engineering, but the maximum thickness of slab that uses on the trestle girder steel of the big railway car ferries of cigarette is 120mm, the slab specification of using has: 40,50,60,70,80,100, several specifications such as 120, and the performance requirement of butt welded seam is also higher, in order to make weld seam reach designing requirement, when selecting welding material, the low-temperature impact toughness of wlding has been considered in emphasis, and the wlding of selecting for use has:
Welding wire for submerged-arc welding: H08Mn2E, Φ 4.0mm and Φ 5.0mm are adopted in butt welding,
Submerged arc fillet welding H08MnA, Φ 5.0mm,
Welding rod: SHJ507Ni, Φ 3.2mm, Φ 4.0mm, Φ 5.0mm;
Solid core welding wire: CHW-50C6 (ER50-6) Φ 1.2mm;
Flux-cored wire: JQYJ501-1, Φ 1.2mm, Φ 1.6mm;
Solder flux: SJ101q.
Table 1: δ 50+120mm butt welding
Figure A20071019204700101
Table 2
Figure A20071019204700111

Claims (3)

1, the welding method of 50~120mm slab and ultra-thick plate, include blanking, groove processing, the member assembling, the foreign material cleaning, draw/setting of blow-out plate, weld preheating, the weld seam bottoming, the packed layer welding, the welding flaw detection, steel plate deformed control, steps such as weldment heat treatment, it is characterized in that: the packed layer welding adopts multi-pass welding to connect: adopt submerged-arc welding, preheat temperature is controlled at 80-120 ℃, every layer of throat depth is controlled in the 5.0mm millimeter, interlayer temperature is controlled at 80-200 ℃, welding current is the 600-800 ampere, arc voltage is the 28-35 volt, and speed of welding is 35-42cm/min; Or employing manual electric arc welding, preheat temperature is controlled at 80-150 ℃, interlayer temperature is controlled at 80-200 ℃, welding rod is heated to 330-350 ℃ of insulation, the electric current of penetration, the saturating angle welding of fritting should be than the electric current of flat butt welding big 8-12%, minor diameter welding rod, big electric current, the welding of clip angle are adopted in weld seam bottoming welding, to guarantee the root penetration.
2, the welding method of 50~120mm slab according to claim 1 and ultra-thick plate, it is characterized in that described member adopts the welding of 14MnNbq steel 50+120mm slab X type groove, adopt submerged-arc welding, bevel angle is 70 °, root face is of a size of 7-8mm, preheat temperature is 88 ℃, and by the order that multi-pass welding connects, temperature is 88 ℃ between the road of the 1st welding bead, welding current is 660 amperes, arc voltage is 30 volts, and speed of welding is 37cm/min, and temperature is 93-172 ℃ between the road of 2-5 welding bead, welding current is the 710-720 ampere, arc voltage is the 30-31 volt, and speed of welding is 36-38cm/min, and temperature is 126-158 ℃ between the road of 6-7 welding bead, welding current is 720 amperes, arc voltage is the 32-33 volt, and speed of welding is the 38-40 volt, and the 8th welding bead is the final weld of last groove welding, temperature is 142 ℃ between the road, welding current is the 740-760 ampere, and arc voltage is the 30-31 volt, and speed of welding is 36cm/min; The 9th welding bead is the initial welding bead behind the flange, and temperature is 128-165 ℃ between the road of 9-15 welding bead, and welding current is the 710-720 ampere, and arc voltage is the 31-32 volt, and speed of welding is 36-38cm/min.
3, the welding method of 50~120mm slab according to claim 1 and ultra-thick plate, when it is characterized in that described employing submerged-arc welding, welding wire for submerged-arc welding: H08Mn2E, Φ 4.0mm and Φ 5.0mm are adopted in butt welding, H08MnA, Φ 5.0mm are adopted in the submerged arc fillet welding, and welding rod adopts: SHJ507Ni, Φ 3.2mm, Φ 4.0mm, Φ 5.0mm; Solid core welding wire adopts: CHW-50C6 (ER50-6), Φ 1.2mm; Flux-cored wire: JQYJ501-1, Φ 1.2mm, Φ 1.6mm; Solder flux: SJ101q; Welding equipment: Lincoln weld welding machine (MZ-1-1000 type welding machine); Manual metal-arc welding welding machine (ZX7-400).
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CN107876942A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-04-06 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 Normalizing steel submerged-arc welding method for improving low-temperature impact toughness of welded joint
CN108838626A (en) * 2018-07-05 2018-11-20 安徽睿知信信息科技有限公司 A kind of ship slab welding process
CN108857218A (en) * 2018-07-09 2018-11-23 福建省马尾造船股份有限公司 A kind of connection method of the connection supplementary structure and jointed metal plate of jointed metal plate
CN108788507A (en) * 2018-07-12 2018-11-13 福建省马尾造船股份有限公司 A kind of divided edge structure and welding procedure of steel plate welding
CN110091037A (en) * 2019-04-30 2019-08-06 江苏海力风电设备科技股份有限公司 Offshore wind farm tower elastic support reinforced welding new process
CN110076420A (en) * 2019-06-03 2019-08-02 山东大学 Consider the slab Robotic Dynamic path of welding method and system for planning of angular deformation
CN110076420B (en) * 2019-06-03 2020-10-09 山东大学 Thick plate robot dynamic welding path planning method and system considering angular deformation
CN110508955A (en) * 2019-08-16 2019-11-29 江苏海力风电设备科技股份有限公司 A kind of wind power foundation slab submerged arc welding new process
CN112575624A (en) * 2019-09-27 2021-03-30 比亚迪股份有限公司 Butt welding plate group, turnout beam and processing method of butt welding plate group
CN112575624B (en) * 2019-09-27 2022-07-15 比亚迪股份有限公司 Butt welding plate group, turnout beam and processing method of butt welding plate group
WO2021189217A1 (en) * 2020-03-23 2021-09-30 江苏鹏飞集团股份有限公司 Welding process method suitable for rolling of ultra-thick stainless steel composite plates
CN114669920A (en) * 2022-04-13 2022-06-28 长江精工钢结构(集团)股份有限公司 Thick plate welding method in low-temperature state
CN114985881A (en) * 2022-06-09 2022-09-02 江苏海力风电设备科技股份有限公司 Novel CTOD sample preparation process for thick plate welding seam area of wind power single-pile foundation

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