CN105728895B - A kind of Al-alloy parts welding method - Google Patents

A kind of Al-alloy parts welding method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105728895B
CN105728895B CN201610184435.5A CN201610184435A CN105728895B CN 105728895 B CN105728895 B CN 105728895B CN 201610184435 A CN201610184435 A CN 201610184435A CN 105728895 B CN105728895 B CN 105728895B
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China
Prior art keywords
welding
solder layer
mother metal
welded
aluminium alloy
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CN201610184435.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN105728895A (en
Inventor
孟祥喜
常秀丽
李宏楼
胡延伟
张全民
王赏
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Pinggao Group Co Ltd
Henan Pinggao Electric Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Pinggao Group Co Ltd
Henan Pinggao Electric Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610184435.5A priority Critical patent/CN105728895B/en
Publication of CN105728895A publication Critical patent/CN105728895A/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/02Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/164Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas making use of a moving fluid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/167Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/23Arc welding or cutting taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/32Accessories
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/18Sheet panels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/10Aluminium or alloys thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Al-alloy parts welding method, include the following steps:Step 1, ER5356 welding wires are used on the weld seam of aluminium alloy mother metal, carry out bottoming welding in a manner of TIG is welded, to form bottoming solder layer on the weld seam of aluminium alloy mother metal;Step 2, ER4043 welding wires are used on bottoming solder layer, are filled welding in a manner of TIG is welded, to form filling solder layer on bottoming solder layer;Step 3, ER5356 welding wires are used on filling solder layer, carry out cover welding in a manner of TIG is welded, to form capping solder layer on filling solder layer.The present invention forms filling solder layer with ER4043 welding wires in the bottoming solder layer welding using ER5356 welding wires, the characteristics of formed solder layer good toughness being welded using ER4043 welding wires, improve the toughness of whole weld seam, there is weld crack in commissure after avoiding the problem that the cooling of aluminium alloy mother metal, to improve the qualification rate of aluminium alloy mother metal welding finished product.

Description

A kind of Al-alloy parts welding method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Al-alloy parts welding method, and more particularly to thickness range is between 30mm-90mm, leg height Degree existsBetween 6061 plate angle weld seam welding methods.
Background technology
At present, the conductive structure part in extra-high voltage switch equipment in order to realize light weight, conduct electricity very well, mechanical property it is excellent Good function, uses aluminum alloy welding fitting more.After current domestic pharmaceutical industry industry is for different aluminum alloys material classification, to Al-alloy parts Between welding use ER5183, ER4043, ER5356 welding wire in a kind of welding material.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, it is extra-high 1 conventionally manufactured mode of pivot flange in voltage switching station is the welding material recommended according to the welding wire trade mark, in pivot flange 1 Welded between 6061 plates using ER5356 welding wires, its welding procedure is as shown in the table:
But in welding process, welding section 2 undergoes a complicated uneven quick heating and cooling procedure, this certainty Cause welding section 2 that unbalanced ess-strain change occurs, this unbalanced ess-strain is to cause postwelding to form remaining answer The main reason for power and deformation.When carrying out dyeing inspection to pivot flange 1, it is found that generally existing is big in 1 finished product of pivot flange The bead crack and stomata of amount, the experimental data of result of detection is as follows after reaction filler wire change:
After reprocessing twice and carrying out overall solution treatment, the solder yield of 1 finished product of pivot flange only has 63% or so.Examination Statistics is tested to show, weld defect account for 1100kV products pivot flange 1 always unqualified phenomenon 82%, wherein crackle and stomata Account for welding the 89.9% of unqualified defect.Underproof pivot flange 1 needs to polish again, and removal of defects is until dye penetrant inspection Qualification, adds additional metallic dust pollution.Even if welding after stain passed examination, integrated support flange 1 wants butt welding after welding Stitch position and carry out solution treatment, still occur that weld seam position has crack defect after heat treatment.Need to polish repeatedly, repair welding, coloring Check, heat treatment, energy waste is serious, also so that the qualification rate of product seriously reduces.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Al-alloy parts welding method, it is intended to solves Al-alloy parts in the prior art and welds Easily occurs the problem of bead crack afterwards.
In order to realize the above object the technical solution of Al-alloy parts welding method is as follows in the present invention:
Al-alloy parts welding method, includes the following steps:
Step 1, ER5356 welding wires are used on the weld seam of aluminium alloy mother metal, carry out bottoming welding in a manner of TIG is welded, To form bottoming solder layer on the weld seam of aluminium alloy mother metal;
Step 2, ER4043 welding wires are used on bottoming solder layer, are filled welding in a manner of TIG is welded, to beat Filling solder layer is formed on the back welding bed of material;
Step 3, ER5356 welding wires are used on filling solder layer, carry out cover welding in a manner of TIG is welded, to fill out Fill formation capping solder layer on solder layer.
Aluminium alloy mother metal is 6061 plates of the thickness in the range of 30mm-90mm, and the leg height of the weld seam on mother metal existsScope.
Step 1: in three ER5356 welding wires a diameter of 4.0mm, a diameter of 3.2mm of ER4043 welding wires in step 2.
Step 1 to the voltages welded of TIG in three are 23V~24V, and electric current is 320A~380A.
Step 1: the argon gas flow velocity that TIG is welded in two is 20L/min, the argon gas flow velocity that TIG is welded in step 3 is 22L/min.
In step 1, before being welded on aluminium alloy mother metal, aluminium alloy mother metal is first preheated to 280-300 DEG C.
In step 1, before being welded to aluminium alloy mother metal, first aluminium alloy mother metal is riveted on using compression tooling Together.
Carrying out before aluminium alloy mother metal riveted, to the weld seam on aluminium alloy mother metal and its dust at surrounding 50mm, Greasy dirt and oxide-film are cleared up.
In step 5, pincers being carried out to the weld seam residing for capping solder layer and are repaiied, the finished product after being repaiied to pincers carries out dye penetrant inspection, And the overall solution treatment after dye penetrant inspection qualification, it is qualified through dye penetrant inspection again after solid solution is qualified.
The present invention forms filling solder layer with ER4043 welding wires in the bottoming solder layer welding using ER5356 welding wires, profit The characteristics of welding formed solder layer good toughness with ER4043 welding wires, improves the toughness of whole weld seam, avoids aluminium alloy mother metal There is the problem of weld crack in commissure after cooling, to improve the qualification rate of aluminium alloy mother metal welding finished product.The lifting of qualification rate Reduce and reprocess, reduce dust pollution, reduce labor intensity, saved the energy for reprocessing needs, improved production efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of high voltage electric appliance aluminium alloy key structure part;
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is aluminium alloy key structure part welding line structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The embodiment of Al-alloy parts welding method in the present invention:The welding method is a kind of high voltage electric appliance aluminium alloy The xenogenesis welding wire hybrid welding process of key structure part, especially suitable for thickness range between 30mm-90mm, leg height existBetween 6061 plate high-quality weldings.By high voltage electric appliance with exemplified by aluminium alloy key structure part, it is somebody's turn to do Xenogenesis welding wire hybrid welding process includes the following steps:
1) riveting tool is cleared up, and all welding components is checked, using cleaning agent to commissure and its Dust and cleaning oil pollution are carried out in the range of 50mm, and using oxide-film at wire brush or Chiba piece cleaning welding groove;
2) each welding component is riveted on riveting tool, to obtain mother metal 24;
3) horizontal welding is carried out to mother metal 24 on positioner, after being preheated to 280-300 DEG C before welding, using Φ 4.0ER5356 welding wires carry out bottoming welding in a manner of TIG is welded, it is ensured that root fusion is good, electric current 320-380A, voltage 23V ~24V, argon flow amount 20L/min, to form bottoming solder layer 21 on the weld seam of mother metal 24;
4) reaffirm that preheating temperature is adopted to that can fill second layer filling metal, the second layer after 280-300 DEG C before filling With Φ 3.2ER4043 welding wires welding, electric current 320-380A are filled in a manner of TIG is welded.Voltage 23V~24V, argon flow amount 20L/min, to form filling solder layer 22 on bottoming solder layer 21;It is filled up to during filling using 3~4 multipass in reduction Stress, improves the target of weld bead height.
5) third layer uses Φ 4.0ER5356 welding wires to carry out cover welding, electric current 320-380A in a manner of TIG is welded.Lid Reduction internal stress also is filled up to using 3~4 multipass during face, improves the target of weld bead height.Voltage 23V~24V, argon gas stream 22L/min is measured, to form capping solder layer 23 on filling solder layer 22, to obtain weld seam as shown in Figure 3;
6) carry out pincers to the weld seam residing for capping solder layer 23 to repair, the finished product progress dye penetrant inspection after repairing pincers, and Overall solution treatment after color flaw detection is qualified, it is qualified through dye penetrant inspection again after solid solution is qualified.
The technique form of above-mentioned xenogenesis welding wire hybrid welding process is as follows:
The experimental data for reacting result of detection after filler wire changes is as follows:
In the above-described embodiments, using Φ 4.0ER5356 welding wires and Φ 3.2ER4043 welding wires to thick scope in 30mm- Between 90mm, leg height existBetween 6061 plates welded, in other embodiments, for it His thickness of slab parameter, the aluminium alloy mother metal of leg height can also use ER5356, ER4043 welding wire of other diameters be welded, Or other welding sequences are welded.

Claims (9)

1. Al-alloy parts welding method, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
Step 1, used on the weld seam of aluminium alloy mother metal ER5356 welding wires, by TIG weld in a manner of carry out bottoming welding, with Bottoming solder layer is formed on the weld seam of aluminium alloy mother metal;
Step 2, ER4043 welding wires are used on bottoming solder layer, are filled welding in a manner of TIG is welded, with backing welding Filling solder layer is formed on the bed of material;
Step 3, ER5356 welding wires are used on filling solder layer, carry out cover welding in a manner of TIG is welded, to be welded in filling Capping solder layer is formed on the bed of material.
2. Al-alloy parts welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that aluminium alloy mother metal is thickness in 30mm- 6061 plates in the range of 90mm, the leg height of the weld seam on mother metal existScope.
3. Al-alloy parts welding method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that Step 1: ER5356 welding wires in three A diameter of 4.0mm, a diameter of 3.2mm of ER4043 welding wires in step 2.
4. Al-alloy parts welding method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the voltage that TIG is welded in step 1 to three For 23V~24V, electric current is 320A~380A.
5. Al-alloy parts welding method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that Step 1: the argon gas stream that TIG is welded in two Speed is 20L/min, and the argon gas flow velocity that TIG is welded in step 3 is 22L/min.
6. Al-alloy parts welding method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that in step 1, Before being welded on aluminium alloy mother metal, aluminium alloy mother metal is first preheated to 280-300 DEG C.
7. Al-alloy parts welding method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that in step 1, Before being welded to aluminium alloy mother metal, first aluminium alloy mother metal is riveted together using compression tooling.
8. Al-alloy parts welding method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that before aluminium alloy mother metal riveting is carried out, Weld seam on the aluminium alloy mother metal and its dust at surrounding 50mm, greasy dirt and oxide-film are cleared up.
9. Al-alloy parts welding method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that in step 3, Pincers being carried out to the weld seam residing for capping solder layer to repair, the finished product after being repaiied to pincers carries out dye penetrant inspection, and after dye penetrant inspection qualification Overall solution treatment, it is qualified through dye penetrant inspection again after solid solution is qualified.
CN201610184435.5A 2016-03-28 2016-03-28 A kind of Al-alloy parts welding method Active CN105728895B (en)

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CN106312263B (en) * 2016-10-21 2018-06-29 中国化学工程第六建设有限公司 The welding method of aluminium alloy thick plate
CN107378205B (en) * 2017-07-19 2020-11-10 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 Welding process for cracks of hydraulic coupler shell
CN108500419A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-09-07 浙江星卓换热设备有限公司 A kind of welding procedure of backing plate and cylinder fillet welding
CN109014510A (en) * 2018-08-27 2018-12-18 天津市白津生焊接中心 Improve the welding method for sending power transformation tube type bus weld seam conductivity
CN109202227A (en) * 2018-10-09 2019-01-15 中国电建集团山东电力建设第工程有限公司 A kind of effective operating procedure for inhibiting almag TIG weld defect
CN108971711A (en) * 2018-10-19 2018-12-11 上海和达汽车配件有限公司 A kind of welding procedure of aluminium alloy car dashboard cross member
CN110666272A (en) * 2019-10-29 2020-01-10 苏州工业园区德研福机械设备有限公司 Large-size high-precision aluminum alloy welding process
CN111250834A (en) * 2019-12-11 2020-06-09 河北汉光重工有限责任公司 Flexible gas protection tool suitable for angle linear welding of titanium plate
CN111633302A (en) * 2020-04-27 2020-09-08 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 Welding method
CN114619198A (en) * 2021-12-21 2022-06-14 平高集团有限公司 Cylinder circumferential weld welding auxiliary device

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CN105127550A (en) * 2015-09-25 2015-12-09 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 Sleeper beam welding and adjusting method
CN105171182A (en) * 2015-10-08 2015-12-23 中国华冶科工集团有限公司 Method for single-sided gas welding and double-faced forming of aluminum busbars

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CN104028880A (en) * 2013-03-06 2014-09-10 青岛四方庞巴迪铁路运输设备有限公司 Welding process method of aluminum profile car hook plate
CN104057187A (en) * 2014-06-12 2014-09-24 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 Semi-automatic TIG welding method of aluminum alloy plate spliced plate with size of being more than 6mm
CN104607774A (en) * 2014-12-26 2015-05-13 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 Aluminum alloy car body bolster weld process for subway
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