CN105728895A - Aluminum alloy piece welding method - Google Patents

Aluminum alloy piece welding method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105728895A
CN105728895A CN201610184435.5A CN201610184435A CN105728895A CN 105728895 A CN105728895 A CN 105728895A CN 201610184435 A CN201610184435 A CN 201610184435A CN 105728895 A CN105728895 A CN 105728895A
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China
Prior art keywords
welding
mother metal
aluminium alloy
welding method
aluminum alloy
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201610184435.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN105728895B (en
Inventor
孟祥喜
常秀丽
李宏楼
胡延伟
张全民
王赏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Pinggao Group Co Ltd
Henan Pinggao Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Pinggao Group Co Ltd
Henan Pinggao Electric Co Ltd
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Application filed by State Grid Corp of China SGCC, Pinggao Group Co Ltd, Henan Pinggao Electric Co Ltd filed Critical State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Priority to CN201610184435.5A priority Critical patent/CN105728895B/en
Publication of CN105728895A publication Critical patent/CN105728895A/en
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Publication of CN105728895B publication Critical patent/CN105728895B/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/02Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/164Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas making use of a moving fluid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/167Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/23Arc welding or cutting taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/32Accessories
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/18Sheet panels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/10Aluminium or alloys thereof

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an aluminum alloy piece welding method. The aluminum alloy piece welding method comprises the following steps that firstly, bottoming welding is conducted on a welding line of aluminum alloy base metal through an ER5356 welding stick in a TIG welding manner, and a bottoming welding flux layer is formed on the welding line of the aluminum alloy base metal; secondly, filling welding is conducted on the bottoming welding flux layer through an ER4043 welding stick in a TIG welding manner, and a filling welding flux layer is formed on the bottoming welding flux layer; and thirdly, capping welding is conducted on the filling welding flux layer through an ER5356 welding stick in a TIG welding manner. According to the aluminum alloy piece welding method, the filling welding flux layer is formed in the manner that the ER4043 welding stick is welded to the bottoming welding flux layer with the ER5356 welding stick, the characteristic that the tenacity of the welding flux layer formed through welding of the ER4043 welding stick is good is utilized, the tenacity of the whole welding line is improved, the problem that welding cracks occur in the position of the welding line after the aluminum alloy base metal is cooled is avoided, and accordingly the pass percent of a welded finished product of the aluminum alloy base metal is increased.

Description

A kind of Al-alloy parts welding method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Al-alloy parts welding method, particularly to thickness range between 30mm-90mm, leg height existsBetween 6061 plate fillet weld seam methods.
Background technology
At present, the conductive structure part in extra-high voltage switchgear in order to realize light weight, conduct electricity very well, the function of good mechanical performance, adopt aluminum alloy welding fittings more.Present Domestic is of the same trade for, after different aluminum alloys materials classification, the welding between Al-alloy parts adopting a kind of welding material in ER5183, ER4043, ER5356 welding wire more.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the conventionally manufactured mode of pivot flange 1 in extra-high voltage switchgear is the welding material recommended according to the welding wire trade mark, adopts the welding of ER5356 welding wire between 6061 plates of pivot flange 1, and its welding procedure is as shown in the table:
But in welding process, weld zone 2 experiences a complicated uneven quick heating and cooling procedure, this necessarily causes weld zone 2 to occur unbalanced ess-strain to change, and this unbalanced ess-strain is the main cause causing postwelding to form residual stress and deformation.When pivot flange 1 is carried out dyeing inspection, it has been found that the substantial amounts of bead crack of ubiquity and pore in pivot flange 1 finished product, after reaction filler wire change, the experimental data of result of detection is as follows:
After reprocessing for twice and carrying out overall solution treatment, the solder yield of pivot flange 1 finished product only has about 63%.Test statistics data show, weld defect accounts for the 82% of the total defective phenomenon of 1100kV product pivot flange 1, and wherein crackle and pore account for and weld the 89.9% of defective defect.Underproof pivot flange 1 needs again to polish, and removal of defects, until dye penetrant inspection is qualified, adds additional metallic dust and pollutes.Even if welding after stain passed examination, wanting butt welded seam position to carry out solution treatment after integrated support flange 1 welding, still there will be weld seam position after heat treatment has crack defect.Needing polishing repeatedly, repair welding, dyeing inspection, heat treatment, energy waste is serious, also makes the qualification rate of product seriously reduce.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Al-alloy parts welding method, it is intended to the problem solving bead crack easily occurs after Al-alloy parts welding in prior art.
In order to realize object above, in the present invention, the technical scheme of Al-alloy parts welding method is as follows:
Al-alloy parts welding method, comprises the steps:
Step one, adopts ER5356 welding wire on the weld seam of aluminium alloy mother metal, carries out bottoming welding in the way of TIG weldering, to form the backing welding bed of material on the weld seam of aluminium alloy mother metal;
Step 2, adopts ER4043 welding wire on the backing welding bed of material, is filled with welding in the way of TIG weldering, fill solder layer to be formed on the backing welding bed of material;
Step 3, is filling employing ER5356 welding wire on solder layer, is carrying out cover welding in the way of TIG weldering, to fill the formation cosmetic welding bed of material on solder layer.
Aluminium alloy mother metal is the thickness 6061 plates within the scope of 30mm-90mm, and the leg height of the weld seam on mother metal existsScope.
Step one, the diameter of ER5356 welding wire is 4.0mm in three, and in step 2, the diameter of ER4043 welding wire is 3.2mm.
Step one is 23V~24V to the voltage of TIG weldering in three, and electric current is 320A~380A.
Step one, the argon flow velocity of TIG weldering is 20L/min in two, and in step 3, the argon flow velocity of TIG weldering is 22L/min.
In step one, before aluminium alloy mother metal welds, first aluminium alloy mother metal is preheated to 280-300 DEG C.
In step one, before aluminium alloy mother metal is welded, first compression tooling is adopted to be riveted together aluminium alloy mother metal.
Before carrying out aluminium alloy mother metal and riveting, to the weld seam on aluminium alloy mother metal and the dust at 50mm place, greasy dirt and oxide-film are cleared up about.
In step 5, the weld seam residing for the cosmetic welding bed of material being carried out pincers and repaiies, the finished product after pincers are repaiied carries out dye penetrant inspection overall solution treatment after dye penetrant inspection is qualified, qualified through dye penetrant inspection again after solid solution is qualified.
Present invention ER4043 welding wire welds at the backing welding bed of material adopting ER5356 welding wire and forms filling solder layer, ER4043 welding wire is utilized to weld the feature of the solder layer good toughness formed, improve the toughness of whole weld seam, after avoiding the cooling of aluminium alloy mother metal, there is the problem of weld crack in commissure, to improve the qualification rate of aluminium alloy mother metal welding finished product.The lifting of qualification rate decreases reprocesses, and decreases dust pollution, reduces labor intensity, has saved the energy reprocessing needs, has improved production efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of high voltage electric appliance aluminium alloy key structure part;
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is aluminium alloy key structure part welding line structure schematic diagram in embodiments of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The embodiment of Al-alloy parts welding method in the present invention: this welding method is the xenogenesis welding wire hybrid welding process of a kind of high voltage electric appliance aluminium alloy key structure part, be particularly well-suited to thickness range between 30mm-90mm, leg height existsBetween 6061 plate high-quality welding.For high voltage electric appliance aluminium alloy key structure part, this xenogenesis welding wire hybrid welding process comprises the steps:
1) riveting tool is cleared up, and all welding components are checked, adopt and within the scope of abluent butt welded seam place and 50mm thereof, carry out dust and cleaning oil pollution, and adopt wire brush or Chiba sheet cleaning bevel for welding place oxide-film;
2) on riveting tool, each welding component is riveted, to obtain mother metal 24;
3) on positioner, mother metal 24 is carried out level welding, after being preheated to 280-300 DEG C before welding, Φ 4.0ER5356 welding wire is adopted to carry out bottoming welding in the way of TIG weldering, guarantee that root fusion is good, electric current 320-380A, voltage 23V~24V, argon flow amount 20L/min, to form the backing welding bed of material 21 on the weld seam of mother metal 24;
4) reaffirming before filling that preheating temperature can fill second layer filler metal after 280-300 DEG C, the second layer adopts Φ 3.2ER4043 welding wire to be filled with welding, electric current 320-380A in the way of TIG weldering.Voltage 23V~24V, argon flow amount 20L/min, fill solder layer 22 to be formed on the backing welding bed of material 21;Adopt 3~4 multipass to be filled up to reduce internal stress during filling, improve the target of weld bead height.
5) third layer adopts Φ 4.0ER5356 welding wire to carry out cover welding, electric current 320-380A in the way of TIG weldering.It is also adopted by 3~4 multipass during capping to be filled up to reduce internal stress, improves the target of weld bead height.Voltage 23V~24V, argon flow amount 22L/min, with filling the formation cosmetic welding bed of material 23 on solder layer 22, to obtain weld seam as shown in Figure 3;
6) weld seam residing for the cosmetic welding bed of material 23 being carried out pincers to repair, the finished product after pincers are repaiied carries out dye penetrant inspection overall solution treatment after dye penetrant inspection is qualified, qualified through dye penetrant inspection again after solid solution is qualified.
The technique form of above-mentioned xenogenesis welding wire hybrid welding process is as follows:
After reaction filler wire change, the experimental data of result of detection is as follows:
In the above-described embodiments, adopt Φ 4.0ER5356 welding wire and Φ 3.2ER4043 welding wire to thick scope between 30mm-90mm, leg height existsBetween 6061 plates weld, in other embodiments, the aluminium alloy mother metal for other thickness of slab parameters, leg height can also adopt ER5356, ER4043 welding wire of other diameters to weld, or other welding sequences are welded.

Claims (9)

1. Al-alloy parts welding method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Step one, adopts ER5356 welding wire on the weld seam of aluminium alloy mother metal, carries out bottoming welding in the way of TIG weldering, to form the backing welding bed of material on the weld seam of aluminium alloy mother metal;
Step 2, adopts ER4043 welding wire on the backing welding bed of material, is filled with welding in the way of TIG weldering, fill solder layer to be formed on the backing welding bed of material;
Step 3, is filling employing ER5356 welding wire on solder layer, is carrying out cover welding in the way of TIG weldering, to fill the formation cosmetic welding bed of material on solder layer.
2. Al-alloy parts welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that aluminium alloy mother metal is the thickness 6061 plates within the scope of 30mm-90mm, and the leg height of the weld seam on mother metal existsScope.
3. Al-alloy parts welding method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that step one, the diameter of ER5356 welding wire is 4.0mm in three, in step 2, the diameter of ER4043 welding wire is 3.2mm.
4. Al-alloy parts welding method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step one is 23V~24V to the voltage of TIG weldering in three, and electric current is 320A~380A.
5. Al-alloy parts welding method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step one, the argon flow velocity of TIG weldering is 20L/min in two, in step 3, the argon flow velocity of TIG weldering is 22L/min.
6. Al-alloy parts welding method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that in step one, before welding on aluminium alloy mother metal, first aluminium alloy mother metal is preheated to 280-300 DEG C.
7. Al-alloy parts welding method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that in step one, before aluminium alloy mother metal is welded, first adopts compression tooling to be riveted together aluminium alloy mother metal.
8. Al-alloy parts welding method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that before carrying out aluminium alloy mother metal and riveting, to the weld seam on aluminium alloy mother metal and the dust at 50mm place, greasy dirt and oxide-film are cleared up about.
9. Al-alloy parts welding method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, in step 5, weld seam residing for the cosmetic welding bed of material is carried out pincers repair, finished product after pincers are repaiied carries out dye penetrant inspection, and overall solution treatment after dye penetrant inspection is qualified, qualified through dye penetrant inspection again after solid solution is qualified.
CN201610184435.5A 2016-03-28 2016-03-28 A kind of Al-alloy parts welding method Active CN105728895B (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106312263A (en) * 2016-10-21 2017-01-11 中国化学工程第六建设有限公司 Welding method for aluminum alloy thick plate
CN107378205A (en) * 2017-07-19 2017-11-24 宝钢集团新疆八钢铁有限公司 A kind of welding procedure of fluid coupling cracked housing and transaxle
CN108500419A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-09-07 浙江星卓换热设备有限公司 A kind of welding procedure of backing plate and cylinder fillet welding
CN108971711A (en) * 2018-10-19 2018-12-11 上海和达汽车配件有限公司 A kind of welding procedure of aluminium alloy car dashboard cross member
CN109014510A (en) * 2018-08-27 2018-12-18 天津市白津生焊接中心 Improve the welding method for sending power transformation tube type bus weld seam conductivity
CN109202227A (en) * 2018-10-09 2019-01-15 中国电建集团山东电力建设第工程有限公司 A kind of effective operating procedure for inhibiting almag TIG weld defect
CN110666272A (en) * 2019-10-29 2020-01-10 苏州工业园区德研福机械设备有限公司 Large-size high-precision aluminum alloy welding process
CN111250834A (en) * 2019-12-11 2020-06-09 河北汉光重工有限责任公司 Flexible gas protection tool suitable for angle linear welding of titanium plate
CN111633302A (en) * 2020-04-27 2020-09-08 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 Welding method
CN114619198A (en) * 2021-12-21 2022-06-14 平高集团有限公司 Cylinder circumferential weld welding auxiliary device

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US20070045260A1 (en) * 2005-08-30 2007-03-01 Frank Feng Welded aluminum sheets and process therefore
CN104028880A (en) * 2013-03-06 2014-09-10 青岛四方庞巴迪铁路运输设备有限公司 Welding process method of aluminum profile car hook plate
CN104057187A (en) * 2014-06-12 2014-09-24 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 Semi-automatic TIG welding method of aluminum alloy plate spliced plate with size of being more than 6mm
CN104607774A (en) * 2014-12-26 2015-05-13 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 Aluminum alloy car body bolster weld process for subway
CN105127550A (en) * 2015-09-25 2015-12-09 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 Sleeper beam welding and adjusting method
CN105171182A (en) * 2015-10-08 2015-12-23 中国华冶科工集团有限公司 Method for single-sided gas welding and double-faced forming of aluminum busbars

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070045260A1 (en) * 2005-08-30 2007-03-01 Frank Feng Welded aluminum sheets and process therefore
CN104028880A (en) * 2013-03-06 2014-09-10 青岛四方庞巴迪铁路运输设备有限公司 Welding process method of aluminum profile car hook plate
CN104057187A (en) * 2014-06-12 2014-09-24 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 Semi-automatic TIG welding method of aluminum alloy plate spliced plate with size of being more than 6mm
CN104607774A (en) * 2014-12-26 2015-05-13 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 Aluminum alloy car body bolster weld process for subway
CN105127550A (en) * 2015-09-25 2015-12-09 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 Sleeper beam welding and adjusting method
CN105171182A (en) * 2015-10-08 2015-12-23 中国华冶科工集团有限公司 Method for single-sided gas welding and double-faced forming of aluminum busbars

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106312263A (en) * 2016-10-21 2017-01-11 中国化学工程第六建设有限公司 Welding method for aluminum alloy thick plate
CN106312263B (en) * 2016-10-21 2018-06-29 中国化学工程第六建设有限公司 The welding method of aluminium alloy thick plate
CN107378205A (en) * 2017-07-19 2017-11-24 宝钢集团新疆八钢铁有限公司 A kind of welding procedure of fluid coupling cracked housing and transaxle
CN107378205B (en) * 2017-07-19 2020-11-10 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 Welding process for cracks of hydraulic coupler shell
CN108500419A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-09-07 浙江星卓换热设备有限公司 A kind of welding procedure of backing plate and cylinder fillet welding
CN109014510A (en) * 2018-08-27 2018-12-18 天津市白津生焊接中心 Improve the welding method for sending power transformation tube type bus weld seam conductivity
CN109202227A (en) * 2018-10-09 2019-01-15 中国电建集团山东电力建设第工程有限公司 A kind of effective operating procedure for inhibiting almag TIG weld defect
CN108971711A (en) * 2018-10-19 2018-12-11 上海和达汽车配件有限公司 A kind of welding procedure of aluminium alloy car dashboard cross member
CN110666272A (en) * 2019-10-29 2020-01-10 苏州工业园区德研福机械设备有限公司 Large-size high-precision aluminum alloy welding process
CN111250834A (en) * 2019-12-11 2020-06-09 河北汉光重工有限责任公司 Flexible gas protection tool suitable for angle linear welding of titanium plate
CN111633302A (en) * 2020-04-27 2020-09-08 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 Welding method
CN114619198A (en) * 2021-12-21 2022-06-14 平高集团有限公司 Cylinder circumferential weld welding auxiliary device

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