CN101285660A - Single-phase heat drive heat-transfer element and its working medium loading method - Google Patents
Single-phase heat drive heat-transfer element and its working medium loading method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a multiple-phase thermally driven heat transfer element. The heat transfer is realized by adopting the working medium single phase inside a sealed cavity body. At least one part of the cavity body is a heat absorbing end (part); at least the other part of the cavity body is a heat discharging end (part). In the heat transfer process, the working medium inside the cavity body keeps at least two-phase or multiple-phase composite heat transfer flow body; in the two-phase operation, the heat transfer is realized by keeping a way of other two phases such as solid and liquid, which is different from the vapor-liquid phase-change circulation of the prior heat pipe; meanwhile, the heat transfer can be also realized by three phases or more phases to realize the transfer of the heat energy; in the process of transferring the heat energy, only the heat energy provided by the heat source can realize the heat energy transfer without consuming the external energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heat transfer element, comprise heat conduction, heat exchange field that heat exchange, heat radiation, heat transfer, thermal-arrest, accumulation of heat etc. are all, be specifically related to a kind of heat transfer of cavity working media of sealing, its working media is in the heat transfer element that heterogeneous state conducts heat, with and working medium loading method.
Background technology
Utilizing heat transfer is modal a kind of heat transfer type, promptly utilizes heat transfer medium to absorb heat at the thermal source place, and makes the heat transfer medium behind the absorption heat emit heat in heat-releasing apparatus or release end of heat, arrives the purpose of conducting heat.Heat transfer medium is as flowing in a kind of airtight system.This heat transfer type is widely used in industrial circle and civilian, the industrial equipment.
The conduction thermal process comprises transmission, exchange, collection, storage, application, the control of the heat of heat exchange, thermal-arrest, heat radiation, accumulation of heat, all processes of management, and in the present invention, the notion of heat conduction comprises above-described all processes.
In diabatic process, whether there is phase transformation to take place according to heat transfer medium, can be divided into the heat transfer that phase transformation is arranged, for example in air-conditioning, heat pump, adopt fluorine Lyons or ammonia, alkane, water etc. as heat transfer medium, heat transfer medium absorbs heat from the external world in evaporimeter, be changed to gaseous state by liquid state, then through behind equipment such as compressor, choke valve or the pump adjusting pressure, in condenser, emit heat, realize thermal control or heat management by the gaseous state liquefy.Heat transfer medium has phase transformation to take place in heat absorption and exothermic process in this process, belongs to phase-change heat transfer.Equally, in the adopting heat pipes for heat transfer process, the heat transfer medium in the heat pipe becomes gaseous state in heat absorbing end by liquid state and absorbs heat, then emits heat by the gaseous state liquefy at release end of heat, also belongs to phase-change heat transfer.Also have, in industrial heat exchange (heat up, cool off) process or in the civil heating process,, then have phase transformation at heat transmission equipment if use steam heating; If water or other fluid are as heat transfer medium, usually change in biography and do not have phase transition process in the process, belong to non-phase-change heat transfer, as the high-temperature water in the radiator that in the civil heating process, is passed into building and family, or in engine-cooling system, in the electronic device cooling system, and be used for machine oil of cooling device etc. in the plant equipment, fluid commonly used circulates heat is delivered to the purpose that external environment condition reaches thermal control or heat management, and used heat transfer medium is that fluid can be the mixture of liquid, gas or gas-liquid and fluidized state.
In space flight and military product, the heat transfer property requirement higher than general industry product arranged, particularly the precision to thermal control has higher requirement, though the field of the application of related product is different, the requirement of the thermal control heat management that it is whole is higher.
The heat pipe that utilizes the working media gas-liquid phase transition of closed cavity inside to carry out the principle manufacturing of heat conduction is a best techniques method in the present heat transfer technology, yet, also there is a lot of technical problems in popularizing and applying the aspect of hot pipe technique, though make hot pipe technique be arranged by being invented six more than ten years, use but be limited at certain special dimension, its key factor is:
1, the manufacture method of heat pipe can be divided into two big classes, and a class is a vacuumizing method, needs vacuum equipment, need expend the energy and holding time like this, secondly be the hot type method, can't carry out the control of working media amount accurately, only limit to the heat pipe of industry is made.
2, sealing tech adopts the cold welding method for vacuumizing method, the material that can use the cold welding method to carry out the air port has only copper, other metals are not suitable for adopting the method, thereby have limited heat pipe and must adopt expensive copper case material the most, thereby have increased the cost of heat pipe; In addition for the hot type method, owing to add the technology of welding after the employing pin is squeezed into and sealed, can not guarantee the quantity of whole working media on the technology, unwarrantable quality and performance, and, the subject matter of this kind method is to adopt big pipe fitting this kind method to produce, and little pipe fitting can't be produced at all.
3, Nei Bu anticorrosion problem: the working media that is adopted may react with the material production of cavity, and makes vacuum reduce, thereby makes the performance of heat pipe descend, and just finally can't work, thereby the life-span of heat pipe is short, can not be suitable for industrial requirement.
Because there are these technological deficiencies in existing hot pipe technique, obstacle the development of hot pipe technique, make that hot pipe technique can not be by general application.
Also be applied to fields such as air conditioner refrigerating for the technology of utilizing the strong body internal work medium of sealing to conduct heat, in air-conditioning system, a kind of refrigeration work medium is at the annular housing internal motion of a sealing, realize the transmission of heat energy, but its working media need be under the work of compressor could normal circulation, consumed electric energy like this.
The technology that the working media of the inside cavity of utilization sealing conducts heat also needs to improve.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just provides the heat transfer element that a kind of heterogeneous heat drives, utilize single-phase the conducting heat of working media of closed cavity inside, at least a portion of cavity is heat absorbing end (parts), another part at least of cavity is release end of heat (parts), in diabatic process, working media is for keeping containing at least two-phase or multiphase complex heat transfer fluid of supercriticality in inside cavity, when being in two-phase operation, at least contain a kind of postcritical phase, also can conduct heat simultaneously with three-phase or more heterogeneous form, realize the transmission of heat energy, simultaneously in the transmission course of heat energy, do not need to consume the outside energy, the heat energy that only relies on thermal source to provide is realized the biography of heat energy.
Concrete summary of the invention is as follows:
A kind of phase heat drive heat-transfer element, its technical method is: contain a cavity that can seal at least, and at least a working media, at least a portion of cavity is heat absorbing end (parts), another part at least of cavity is release end of heat (parts), behind the cavity that can seal, carry out cavity airtight this kind working medium loading, this kind working media is in the heat transfer element conduction process, rely on heat energy to drive working media and carry out heat conduction, the heat transfer working media is in the two-phase state that contains supercriticality at least in diabatic process and the phase-change heat transfer and the heterogeneous mixed state of the phase more than three kinds conducted heat.
At least a portion of cavity is a heat absorbing end, another part at least of cavity is a radiating end, in some heat transfer element, also be provided with adiabatic end, be that heat transfer element has a heat absorbing end at least, heat absorbing end can be a heat absorbing end, also can be a heat sink or equipment, also can be a heat absorption zone; Simultaneously, also have a release end of heat at least, release end of heat can be a release end of heat, also can be a heat sink or equipment, also can be a heat absorption zone; An adiabatic end can also be arranged simultaneously, and adiabatic end can be held for a thermal insulation, also can be a heat insulating member or equipment, also can be an adiabatic zone.Not necessarily part is held in thermal insulation, but whether adiabatic end is set, and need need as requested to handle.In the heat absorption zone, can be positioned at same heat absorption zone by a heat absorbing end or a plurality of heat absorbing end of cavity, heat release and adiabatic zone can be positioned at this zone by one or more different release end of heat, adiabatic end equally.
Diabatic process comprises transmission, exchange, collection, storage, application, the control of the heat of heat exchange, thermal-arrest, heat radiation, accumulation of heat, all processes of management, and in the present invention, the notion of heat transfer comprises above-described all processes.
The liquid volume sum of the working media of institute's can is no more than all cavity volumes; The liquid volume sum of all working medias refers to all working medias below critical-temperature, is in the volume when liquid or solid-state when being in normal temperature under the certain pressure, and in this patent, this volume is called the liquid volume of working media.Usually all liquid volumes are the 1%-100% of cavity volume, but generally the amount of pouring into can be carried out according to 20% of cavity volume.Be the working media of gas down for its normal pressure and temperature, can under gaseous state, carry out can, still, the quantity of its can is calculated with the weight of its can, the total amount of working media, calculate with its relative liquid volume, its volume is no more than the volume of cavity.
If working media is in liquid state-phase transformation state in diabatic process, be exactly the technology of existing heat pipe, still, except liquid-gas phase transition, can also adopt the form of other phase transformation, realize utilizing phase transformation to conduct heat, operable phase transition process has one of following variety classes at least:
Gas-overcritical, Gu-gas-overcritical, liquid-gas-overcritical, solid-liquid-gas,
Solid-liquid-gas-overcritical.
Except phase transition process, also have the combination phase of multiple phase, the combinations of substances of existing different phase and successful mixture are in mixing phase that the multi phase state admixture conducts heat and are one of following:
Solid-liquid, Gu-gas, solid-liquid-gas, solid-liquid-overcritical, Gu-gas-overcritical,
Solid-liquid-gas-overcritical.
In the phase-change heat transfer process of reality, phase transformation state and heterogeneous admixture take place in succession, in the phase transition process, and in the conversion process of phase, to the state of heterogeneous mixing occur, therefore heterogeneous state and heterogeneous admixture are all may occur in the diabatic process of a heat transfer element.
The cavity that can seal is the carrier that the inner working media of carrying carries out work, need select suitable cavity shape according to factors such as heat transfer property, intensity, antiseptic property, costs, as long as meet above-mentioned requirements, can adopt the cavity of Any shape, the most common cavity is metal or nonmetallic pipe, the pipe fitting by a plurality of branches from a most basic straight tube to complexity as long as it does not constitute the loop of a closed loop, is referred to as tree; Secondly constitute the system of at least one closed loop for its shape, its cavity is the structure that can link up the loop that becomes a closed loop, is called ring; Cavity for by a plurality of mutual cross shaped head is called network; Wherein set, the notion of ring, network is consistent with tree, ring, network concept in the topology, thereby the cavity that can seal be at least following a kind of cavity:
A, contain a tree at least;
B, contain a ring at least;
C, contain a network at least;
As long as the material of the cavity that can seal meets designing requirement, be hard-core in principle, common can adopting is following a kind of:
A, metal object;
B, nonmetal thing;
C, metal and nonmetallic compound.
Can closed cavity, can be circular, square, ellipse, triangle, arbitrary shapes such as quadrangle, adopt diameter to weigh for circle, can use amount of height for rotary body, for special object, the minimum length of employing in cavity measured as the height of cavity, the diameter of the cavity that can seal or height are: 0.1 nanometer～100 meter, for gaseous state or above-critical state, the cavity that is suitable for minute yardstick, cavity as MCA, and the microchannel that adopts the photoetching technique moulding, its height can be as small as 0.1 nanometer, and for large-scale object, its height can arrive 100 meters, is applied to large-scale generating equipment this moment, chemical industry equipment, power equipment, in the metallurgical equipment.
Working media is following at least a kind of or its mixture:
Helium, hydrogen, nitrogen, ammonia, freon, hydrocarbon, methyl alcohol, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, pentane, hexane, heptane, butane, ethane, octane, pentamethylene, cyclohexane, decahydronaphthalenes, carbon tetrachloride, paraxylene, toluene, meta-xylene, ethylbenzene, styrene, ortho-xylene, carbon disulfide, australene, tetrahydronaphthalene, diethyl carbonate, butyric acid, butyl oxide, propionic acid, trichloro-ethylene, dipropyl ether, diisopropyl ether, butyl butyrate, butyl butyrate, ether, propyl butyrate, butyl propionate, pentyl acetate, chloroform, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl formate, butyl acetate, ethyl butyrate, propyl propionate, chlorobenzene, amyl formate, ethyl propionate, methyl butyrate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, acetate, ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, oxolane, sec-n-octyl alcohol, methyl formate, methyl formate, the 2-picoline, the 1-octanol, dichloroethanes, the 1-enanthol, methyl cyclohexanone, the 3-amylalcohol, ethyl lactate, methyl cyclohexanol, pyridine, pyridine, phenmethylol, the 1-hexanol, the 2-amylalcohol, the 1-amylalcohol, cyclohexanone, the 2-butanols, cyclohexanol, the 1-butanols, furfuryl alcohol, butanone, propyl alcohol, acetone, ethanol, nitroethane, 1, the 2-propane diols, 1, ammediol, nitrobenzene, nitromethane, quinoline, betaine, ethylene glycol, glycerine, furfural, formic acid, water, formamide, dimethyl formamide, sodium, naphthalene, potassium, caesium, conduction oil, mercury, biphenyl, Dowtherm.
Preferred working media is: carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, freon (halogenated hydrocarbons), hydrocarbon (hydro carbons).
Preferred greenhouse gases be working media for following at least one or more:
Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrogen fluorine carbide, perfluorinated hydrocarbon, sulfur hexafluoride.
For augmentation of heat transfer, in working media, also add following at least a kind of material:
A, particulate species material;
B, phase transformation class material;
Realize augmentation of heat transfer, described particulate matter can be metallic particles thing and/or non-metallic particle, the metallic particles thing can be metal, for example be in copper, iron, aluminium, zinc, steel, gold, silver, the tin particles one or more, so wherein better with higher its augmentation of heat transfer effect of the heat transfer system of copper, aluminium; The metallic particles material can also be metal oxide, for example is in mangano-manganic oxide, cobalt oxide, tantalum oxide, tri-iron tetroxide, three zirconias, yittrium oxide, beryllium oxide, ytterbium oxide, dysprosia, boron oxide, silica, the alumina particle one or more; The metallic particles thing can also be the salt particle, for example one or more in boric acid tungsten cadmium, potassium titanate, boron carbide, strontium chromate, lithium metaaluminate, the bichromate (potassium bichromate, sodium dichromate).
The non-metallic particle thing can be plastic grain, glass particle, ceramic particle, sandstone particle; Wherein the sandstone particle can be selected SiO for use
2Or beryl.
Described auxiliary phase change material can be solid-solid phase change material or solid-liquid phase change material, liquid-gas phase transition material or two or more mixture wherein.
Described liquid-gas phase transition material can be in sodium, naphthalene, potassium, caesium, conduction oil, water, mercury, biphenyl, Dowtherm, acetone, ammonia, methyl alcohol, ethanol, ethane, nitrogen, CFC, HCFC, HFC, CFCs, HFCFs, HFCs, ammonia, hydrocarbon, the carbon dioxide one or more.
Described solid-solid phase change material can be one or more the material in polyalcohol, PE (pentaerythrite), PG (2,2-dihydroxymethyl propyl alcohol), NPG (neopentyl glycol), TMP (trimethyl propane), TAM, inorganic salts, laminated perovskite, rhodan ammonium (NH4SCN), high molecular polymer, macromolecule crosslinked resin, graft copolymer, the polyethylene.
Described solid-liquid phase change material can be one or more the material in the halide of inorganic hydrated salt, paraffin, aliphatic acid, alkalies and alkaline earth, high temperature melt salt, salt-mixture, metal, alloy, senior aliphatic hydrocarbon, alcohol, the many alkyl compounds.
Described inorganic hydrated salt can be in sulfate, phosphate, carbonate, the acetate one or more.
Described high temperature melt salt can be in fluoride salt, chloride, nitrate, carbonate, the sulfate one or more.
Described many alkyl compounds can be in polyalcohol, pentaerythrite, the neopentyl glycol one or more.
For particulate matter, the addition in working media, comprehensively each factor is considered, the weight ratio of working media and particulate species material is: 1: 0.001～5000;
The auxiliary addition of phase change material in working media, the weight ratio of working media and phase transformation class material is: 1: 0.001～8000.
The material of working media and augmentation of heat transfer can not be reused when selecting for use, promptly needs to select different materials to cooperate heat transfer.
Inner surface and/or outer surface at cavity also are provided with following at least a kind of material:
A, anti-corrosion material;
The material of B, increase heat conductivility.
This material is a kind of coating, is applied to interior and/or outer surface, to strengthen heat-transfer capability.
Because working media generally has corrosivity, if inner surface is not handled, should check the thickness of the material of cavity, except needs are considered intensity, also need to consider to corrode influence for thickness, thereby increase the thickness of cavity, but generally, still adopt the corrosion-resistant way, employing is carried out preservative treatment to material, for carbon steel class material, can adopt zinc-plated or aluminize and realize anticorrosionly, preferably be added into rare earth material therein and carry out anticorrosion for adopting zinc-plated or aluminizing.Except that inner surface carries out preservative treatment, generally, also will carry out preservative treatment to outer surface according to the environment of heat exchange.
For the augmentation of heat transfer effect, fin and/or groove are arranged in the heat absorbing end of heat transfer element and/or the inside and/or the outer setting of release end of heat.
A kind of method of phase heat drive heat-transfer element working medium loading is characterized in that: select one of following method can working media at least:
A, liquid state or solid-state can: working media is kept liquid or solid-state, simultaneously cavity is also remained on close temperature or normal temperature, liquid or solid-state working media directly are filled to cavity inside, realize the can of working media;
B, gaseous state can: working media is kept gaseous state, cavity is in the same or analogous temperature of environment temperature, and at least one can hole and/or can valve be set on cavity, working media by can hole or filling valve goalkeeper gaseous state directly is filled to cavity inside, realizes the can of working media; Its preferred can valve is a check valve.
C, vacuum filling: at least one filling tube (hole) and/or can valve are set on cavity, at first utilize vaccum-pumping equipment that cavity is vacuumized, after reaching the vacuum of setting, by filling tube (hole) and/or filling valve goalkeeper working medium loading to cavity inside, then can hole and/or can valve are carried out airtightly, realize the can of working media.
Heterogeneous heat transfer element of the present invention, employing is different from the adopting heat pipes for heat transfer that liquid-gas phase becomes, but adopt the phase transformation of other modes to conduct heat, realized that heat is transmitted efficiently, the heat transfer element of heterogeneousization makes the element that conducts heat possess selection more efficient and the more work medium, simultaneously on manufacture method, adopted a kind of manufacturing technology cheaply, made whole heat transfer element to adopt and make cheaply and big large-scale production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: tree-like substantially heat transfer element;
Fig. 2: computer radiator heat transfer element;
Fig. 3: solar energy heat transfer element;
Fig. 4: tree structure heat transfer element (building heating heat transfer element);
Fig. 5: loop configuration heat transfer element (industrial heat exchange device heat transfer element);
Fig. 6: network structure heat transfer element (the electronic radiation dull and stereotyped heat transfer element in microchannel);
Wherein:
1: heat transfer element heat absorbing end (parts), 2: heat transfer element release end of heat (parts),
3: the adiabatic end of heat transfer element (parts), 4: heat transfer medium,
5: filling tube and/or can valve, 6: tree-like cavity body structure,
7: the annular housing structure, 8: the network cavity body structure,
9: anti-corrosion material, 10: Heat Conduction Material.
The specific embodiment
Substantially heterogeneous heat transfer element
Please refer to Fig. 1, a diameter is the carbon steel pipe of 38MM, length is 1M, constitutes a cavity with the two ends up and down of pipe are airtight, on the surface of cavity, adopt plating rare earth aluminium to carry out anticorrosion, and at the outer surface of pipe fitting, aluminize in the processing, its thickness than inner rare earth aluminium after, be mainly used in anticorrosion and heat conduction, the aluminum ratio carbon steel has higher heat conductivility; Inside at cavity, one at pipe is sealed on the face, process a check valve, adopt check valve that the carbon dioxide of gas is filled into inside cavity, its weight that charges into is 300 grams, and its solid is: granularity is copper 10 grams of 0.001mm, cupric oxide 3 grams that granularity is 0.01mm, aluminium 100 grams that granularity is 0.3mm.Constitute basic heterogeneous heat conducting element like this.Operating temperature interval: 10-130 ℃, operating pressure interval: 1-15MPa.When operating temperature is in 31 degree, when pressure was in 7MPa, carbon dioxide existed with gaseous state and conducts heat, when temperature is in more than 31, after pressure is in more than the 7MPa, heat transfer medium is in supercriticality, and when the temperature of heat absorbing end is higher than 31 when spending, the carbon dioxide that the heat exchange of heat absorbing end makes is in supercriticality, after the temperature and pressure process release end of heat heat release of release end of heat, be in below temperature 31 degree, pressure is in below the 7MPa, thereby this moment, and heat transfer element relies on gas-supercriticality to conduct heat.
The heterogeneous heat transfer element of computer radiator
Please refer to Fig. 2, the employing diameter is 32MM, it highly is the Cu metal tubes of 58MM, at first at its cavity fill water 10 grams, and then charge into ethane working media 30 grams, and the operating temperature interval is the 10-80 degree, pressure limit is: 1-10MPa, ethane turns to supercriticality by the gaseous state dress and conducts heat in the course of the work.The cavity heat absorbing end is connected with computer CPU, and its heat absorbing end has only the bottom surface portions of copper pipe, and its release end of heat is the side of whole copper pipe.
The heterogeneous heat transfer element of solar energy
Please refer to Fig. 3, the employing diameter is 18MM, and length is the seamless iron pipe of 1800MM, and it is anticorrosion to adopt plating rare earth zinc to carry out, and inside is filled with carbon dioxide 30 grams, ammonia 10 grams, and the phase transformation class augmentation of heat transfer medium of adding is a methyl alcohol: 30 grams, vapourizing temperature is: 64.7 ℃; Ethanol: 40 grams, vapourizing temperature is: 78.3 ℃; The particulate species material that adds is copper 100 grams of 0.001mm, cupric oxide 30 grams that granularity is 0.01mm, and its heat absorbing end is 1600MM, the long 200MM of release end of heat, and among this embodiment, the length of heat absorbing end is greater than the length of release end of heat.
The tree structure heat transfer element
Please refer to Fig. 4, heat transfer element is to be used for building heating, and its heat absorbing end is a heat sink, it in this case a heat exchanger, this heat exchanger and boiler carry out heat exchange, and this heat transfer element is a tree structure, in cavity, do not constitute the structure of closed loop, at release end of heat, to form by six radiators, six radiators dispel the heat heat energy, its radiating end is made of six thermal components, and the heat absorbing end of this heat transfer element and release end of heat all are to be made of parts or equipment.This heat transfer element is regional by a heat absorption, two heat release zones, and an adiabatic zone constitutes.The working media that adopts, basic heat transfer medium: carbon dioxide, 5000 grams, auxiliary phase change material is 2,2-dihydroxymethyl propyl alcohol (PG): 10000 grams, phase transition temperature: 81.76 ℃, enthalpy of transition: 172.458J/G; Operating temperature interval: 10-130 ℃, operating pressure interval: 3-15MPa.
The loop configuration heat transfer element
Please refer to Fig. 5, this heat transfer element is used for the industrial heat exchange device, this heat transfer element is made of a heat absorption zone, an adiabatic zone, a heat release zone, the structure of heat transfer element is the loop of a closed loop, the different part of its cavity is in conduct heat zone and heat release zone, totally constitutes a heat transfer element.The overcritical heat transfer medium in basis is water 5000 grams, and the augmentation of heat transfer material of adding is pure polyethylene glycol (PEG): 10000 grams, and phase transition temperature: 328 ℃, enthalpy of phase change 185J/G; High density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE): 500 grams, phase transition temperature: 133 ℃, enthalpy of phase change 212J/G, the operating temperature of heat transfer element: 30-600 ℃, operating pressure: 2-50MPa.
The network structure heat transfer element
Please refer to Fig. 6, this heat transfer element is the microchannel heat transfer plate of a network-type, be a microchannel in the processing above the copper coin, each diameter is 30 nanometers, the shape of its passage as shown in the figure, its end that conducts heat, heat absorbing end and adiabatic end are divided into three parts and constitute, its heat transfer working media is 10 grams for supercritical fluid CO2, and NH3 is 30 grams, and the deformation class material of adding is: CaCl
26H
2O, 10 grams, phase transition temperature: 58 ℃, potential heat value: 250KJ/KG; Na
2SO
310H
2O (adding an amount of oxidation receives), 120 grams, phase transition temperature: 17-27 ℃, potential heat value: 246KJ/KG; The operating temperature of heat transfer element ,-10-180 ℃.Operating pressure: 3-25MPa.The heat radiation that can be used for special dimension is used.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of phase heat drive heat-transfer element, it is characterized in that: contain a cavity that can seal at least, and at least a working media (4), at least a portion of cavity is heat absorbing end (1), another part at least of cavity is release end of heat (2), behind the cavity that can seal, carry out cavity airtight this kind working medium loading, this kind working media (4) is in the heat transfer element conduction process, rely on heat energy to drive working media and carry out heat conduction, the heat transfer working media is in the two-phase state that contains supercriticality at least in diabatic process and the phase-change heat transfer and the heterogeneous mixed state of the phase more than three kinds conducted heat.
2, a kind of phase heat drive heat-transfer element according to claim 1 is characterized in that: being in the two-phase state that contains supercriticality at least and the phase-change heat transfer of the phase more than three kinds is one of following phase:
Gas-overcritical, Gu-gas-overcritical, liquid-gas-overcritical, solid-liquid-gas, solid-liquid-gas-overcritical.
Be in mixing phase that the multi phase state admixture conducts heat and be one of following:
Solid-liquid, Gu-gas, solid-liquid-gas, solid-liquid-overcritical, Gu-gas-overcritical, solid-liquid-gas-overcritical.
3, a kind of phase heat drive heat-transfer element according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the cavity that can seal be at least following a kind of cavity:
A, contain a tree (6) at least;
B, contain a ring (7) at least;
C, contain a network (8) at least.
4, a kind of phase heat drive heat-transfer element according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the material of the cavity that can seal is following a kind of:
A, metal object;
B, nonmetal thing;
C, metal and nonmetallic compound.
5, a kind of phase heat drive heat-transfer element according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the diameter of the cavity that can seal or height are: 0.1 nanometer～100 meter.
6, a kind of phase heat drive heat-transfer element according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: working media is for following at least a kind of or it is multiple: helium, hydrogen, nitrogen, ammonia, freon, hydrocarbon, methyl alcohol, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, pentane, hexane, heptane, butane, ethane, octane, pentamethylene, cyclohexane, decahydronaphthalenes, carbon tetrachloride, paraxylene, toluene, meta-xylene, ethylbenzene, styrene, ortho-xylene, carbon disulfide, australene, tetrahydronaphthalene, diethyl carbonate, butyric acid, butyl oxide, propionic acid, trichloro-ethylene, dipropyl ether, diisopropyl ether, butyl butyrate, butyl butyrate, ether, propyl butyrate, butyl propionate, pentyl acetate, chloroform, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl formate, butyl acetate, ethyl butyrate, propyl propionate, chlorobenzene, amyl formate, ethyl propionate, methyl butyrate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, acetate, ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, oxolane, sec-n-octyl alcohol, methyl formate, methyl formate, the 2-picoline, the 1-octanol, dichloroethanes, the 1-enanthol, methyl cyclohexanone, the 3-amylalcohol, ethyl lactate, methyl cyclohexanol, pyridine, pyridine, phenmethylol, the 1-hexanol, the 2-amylalcohol, the 1-amylalcohol, cyclohexanone, the 2-butanols, cyclohexanol, the 1-butanols, furfuryl alcohol, butanone, propyl alcohol, acetone, ethanol, nitroethane, 1, the 2-propane diols, 1, ammediol, nitrobenzene, nitromethane, quinoline, betaine, ethylene glycol, glycerine, furfural, formic acid, water, formamide, dimethyl formamide, sodium, naphthalene, potassium, caesium, conduction oil, mercury, biphenyl, Dowtherm.
Preferred working media is: carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, freon, hydrocarbon.
Preferred greenhouse gases be working media for following at least one or more:
Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrogen fluorine carbide, perfluorinated hydrocarbon, sulfur hexafluoride.
7, a kind of phase heat drive heat-transfer element according to claim 6 is characterized in that: also add following at least a kind of augmentation of heat transfer material in working media (4):
A, particulate species material, the weight ratio of working media and particulate species material is: 1: 0.001～5000;
B, phase transformation class material, the weight ratio of working media and phase transformation class material is: 1: 0.001～8000.
8, a kind of phase heat drive heat-transfer element according to claim 1 is characterized in that: inner surface and/or outer surface at cavity also are provided with following at least a kind of material:
A, anti-corrosion material (9);
The material (10) of B, increase heat conductivility.
9, a kind of phase heat drive heat-transfer element according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the inner surface of cavity and/or outer surface are provided with anticorrosive coat (9), for the cavity of carbon steel class material, portion adopts zinc-plated or aluminium carries out anticorrosionly within it, preferably adds rare earth material in zinc or aluminium simultaneously.
10, a kind of phase heat drive heat-transfer element according to claim 1 is characterized in that: for the augmentation of heat transfer effect, in the heat absorbing end of heat transfer element and/or the inside and/or the outer setting of release end of heat fin and/or groove are arranged.
11, a kind of method of phase heat drive heat-transfer element working medium loading is characterized in that: select one of following method can working media at least:
A, liquid state or solid-state can: working media is kept liquid or solid-state, simultaneously cavity is also remained on close temperature or normal temperature, liquid or solid-state working media directly are filled to cavity inside, realize the can of working media;
B, gaseous state can: working media is kept gaseous state, cavity is in the same or analogous temperature of environment temperature, and at least one can hole and/or can valve be set on cavity, working media by can hole or filling valve goalkeeper gaseous state directly is filled to cavity inside, realizes the can of working media; Its preferred can valve is a check valve.
C, vacuum filling: at least one filling tube and/or can valve are set on cavity, at first utilize vaccum-pumping equipment that cavity is vacuumized, after reaching the vacuum of setting, by filling tube and/or filling valve goalkeeper working medium loading to cavity inside, then can hole and/or can valve are carried out airtightly, realize the can of working media.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100488354A CN101285660A (en) | 2007-04-09 | 2007-04-09 | Single-phase heat drive heat-transfer element and its working medium loading method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100488354A CN101285660A (en) | 2007-04-09 | 2007-04-09 | Single-phase heat drive heat-transfer element and its working medium loading method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103175424A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2013-06-26 | 北京泰豪智能科技有限公司 | Heat pipe and heat pipe heat exchange |
| CN103363690A (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2013-10-23 | 北京兆阳能源技术有限公司 | Heat capacity heat exchange device |
| CN105648513A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-08 | 天津君议台科技发展有限公司 | Heat pipe plating solution cooling system and working medium |
| CN109307252A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2019-02-05 | 长春希达电子技术有限公司 | A kind of phase-transition liquid and the Heat transmission module comprising the phase-transition liquid |
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2007
- 2007-04-09 CN CNA2007100488354A patent/CN101285660A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103175424A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2013-06-26 | 北京泰豪智能科技有限公司 | Heat pipe and heat pipe heat exchange |
| CN103363690A (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2013-10-23 | 北京兆阳能源技术有限公司 | Heat capacity heat exchange device |
| CN103363690B (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2015-10-28 | 北京兆阳光热技术有限公司 | A kind of heat capacity heat exchange device |
| CN105648513A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-08 | 天津君议台科技发展有限公司 | Heat pipe plating solution cooling system and working medium |
| CN109307252A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2019-02-05 | 长春希达电子技术有限公司 | A kind of phase-transition liquid and the Heat transmission module comprising the phase-transition liquid |
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Application publication date: 20081015 |