CN101270408B - Thermal treatment method for high-carbon steel train wheel circular rim surface and heat treatment apparatus - Google Patents
Thermal treatment method for high-carbon steel train wheel circular rim surface and heat treatment apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN101270408B CN101270408B CN2008100204215A CN200810020421A CN101270408B CN 101270408 B CN101270408 B CN 101270408B CN 2008100204215 A CN2008100204215 A CN 2008100204215A CN 200810020421 A CN200810020421 A CN 200810020421A CN 101270408 B CN101270408 B CN 101270408B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat treatment method of a wheel rim surface of the train wheel with high carbon steel. The method is carried out as follows: during the cooling process, the wheel tread of train wheel is firstly cooled by spraying water with small flow in short time, then large flow in long time. The invention also discloses a heat treatment device of using the method. An water feed tubular tube comprises a water feed tubular tube with large flow and a water feed tubular tube with small flow, the water feed tubular tube with large flow is communicated with a plurality of nozzles with large flow, and the water feed tubular tube with small flow is communicated with a plurality of nozzles with small flow. Adopting the technical proposal can improve the contacting fatigue resistance of train wheel, reduces the tread spalling of train wheel; obtains the appropriate geometric matching relation between wheels and rails as soon as possible, increases the contact area, decreases the contact stress level; promotes the wear resistance of the internal part of wheel rim, thereby promoting the service life of wheel; can not increase the operation difficulty of the heat treatment and cooling technology of wheels.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the heat treated technical field of metallic substance, relate to railway, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of heat treating method of high-carbon steel train wheel circular rim surface with rolling over steel solid wheel heat treatment technics.In addition, the invention still further relates to the corresponding thermal treatment unit of using aforesaid method.
Background technology
For a long time, it is the C-Mn carbon steel of C≤0.65% that domestic freight car wheel all adopts material, and wheel rim structural state after heat treatment is a ferrite-pearlite.Along with the Chinese Railway shipping develops to heavily loaded direction, freight car wheel abnormal wear, rolling heap problem become increasingly conspicuous, and trace it to its cause, and main contact fatigue strength, wear resistance with existing freight car wheel steel matter is relatively poor relevant.
Effectively solution to the problems described above is that wheel adopts the high carbon steel material.
After carbon content improved, through conventional thermal treatment, wheel rim tread top layer was that 10mm can produce the abnormal structure that is made up of perlite, bainite with interior under the tread, and this is determined by conventional thermal treatment method of cooling.At present, it is basic identical that the wheel heat that is adopted is handled method of cooling both at home and abroad, all be with after the heating of wheel austenitizing, directly wheel rim tread or tread and outer side are carried out the continuous mandatory water spray cooling of big flow, metal cools speed in the tread top layer is very big, reach 10 ℃/more than the s, surpass the lower critical cooling rate of steel, will inevitably cause the generation of abnormal structure.
Fig. 5 in this Figure of description is the wheel rim tread top layer metallographic structure state graph of the thermal treatment method of cooling acquisition that above-mentioned prior art adopted.This figure is wheel rim tread top layer and crosses microstructure as hard as crisp abnormal structure.
The abnormal structure that produces in the thermal treatment process of cooling organizes harder and more crisp than normal ferrite-pearlite, under the effect of wheel Rail Contact Stresses, very easily peel off and come off, destroy the smooth finish and the integrity of wheel tread, need carry out to continue after Xuan repaiies using the work-ing life of directly having reduced wheel; Simultaneously, the existence of abnormal structure obviously raises the tread surface hardness, new wheel uses the initial stage tread to be difficult to produce suitably distortion to obtain comparatively ideal wheel track geometric match relation as early as possible, cause wheel rim to bear excessive contact stress, be easy to generate the damage of early stage contact fatigue, more seriously influence wheel work-ing life.
Summary of the invention
First problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of heat treating method of high-carbon steel train wheel circular rim surface, its objective is to prevent that high-carbon steel train wheel circular tread top layer from producing abnormal structure, improves its mechanical property and increases the service life.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme taked of the present invention is:
The heat treating method of this high-carbon steel train wheel circular rim surface provided by the present invention, being used for carbon content is that the rim surface of 0.72%～0.77% train wheel is heat-treated, the process of this method is: at first train wheel is carried out the integral body heating, then rim surface is carried out Cooling Quenching; In process of cooling, earlier the wheel tread of train wheel is carried out short period of time water spray cooling with the low discharge current, force water spray to cool off with great deal running water for a long time to wheel tread then.
Below be that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the more detailed technical scheme that proposes:
When the wheel rim to train wheel heats, make the wheel rim of train wheel remain on the condition of high temperature of austenite region; With the low discharge current wheel tread is carried out short period of time water spray cooling, the temperature in the 10mm is reduced in the following certain temperature interval of A1; With great deal running water wheel tread is forced the water spray cooling for a long time, make the wheel rim interior metal quicken fully cooling; The water spray of different flow adopts different nozzles.
The technological process of the above heat treating method is:
At first train wheel is placed horizontal quenching platform;
During heating, the wheel rim Heating temperature that makes train wheel is 800 ℃～810 ℃;
Then with being configured in wheel tread one group of low discharge nozzle on every side, current are sprayed to the wheel tread of rotation, the cooling of spraying water in short-term, the controlled chilling time, make that 5mm place temperature is reduced to 650 ℃～690 ℃ temperature ranges under the wheel tread, form one deck ferrite network-pearlitic structure this moment on the wheel tread top layer;
Making wheel rim inside simultaneously is in the scope of 10mm～45mm under the wheel tread, and temperature still surpasses Ac3, and structural transformation does not take place as yet;
Switch nozzle, organize big flow nozzle with being pre-configured in around the wheel tread another, current are sprayed to the wheel tread of rotation, make the wheel rim interior metal quicken to be cooled to below 550 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 2 ℃/s～5 ℃/s, thereby in wheel rim inside is the scope of 10mm～45mm under the wheel tread, form interrupted ferrite network-pearlitic structure;
Take out train wheel, thermal treatment process finishes.
Be about in this method below, two different technical schemes of cooling time and processing parameters such as cooling temperature, selective application:
1, described short period of time low discharge water spray cooling, its nozzle flow is 4.9L/min, be 30s cooling time, makes that 5mm place temperature is reduced to 687 ℃ under the wheel tread; Then again wheel tread is carried out the cooling of long-time big flow water spray, its nozzle flow is 35L/min, and be 180s cooling time.
2, described short period of time low discharge water spray cooling, its nozzle flow is 4.9L/min, be 40s cooling time, makes that dark 5mm place temperature is reduced to 650 ℃ under the wheel tread; Then again wheel tread is carried out the cooling of long-time big flow water spray, its nozzle flow is 35L/min, and be 180s cooling time.
In addition, the size of startup, conversion and the flow of above-described low discharge water spray and big flow water spray, the water spraying time of described different flow are controlled according to the program of setting and the feedback data of temperature by wheel rim quenching ECU.
In order to realize the goal of the invention identical with technique scheme, another problem to be solved by this invention is that the train wheel circular rim of implementing above-mentioned heat treating method thermal treatment unit also is provided, and its technical scheme is:
This device main body structure is horizontal quenching platform, described horizontal quenching platform is provided with quenching platform housing, described train wheel axis vertically and by fixture wheel is fixed on the universal stage, described universal stage is fixed on the intravital central position of quenching platform shell, on described quenching platform housing, also be provided with into water endless tube, and current are sprayed onto on the wheel tread by nozzle, described water inlet endless tube is divided into big flow water inlet endless tube and low discharge water inlet endless tube, and described big flow water inlet endless tube is connected a plurality of big flow nozzles; Described low discharge water inlet endless tube is connected a plurality of low discharge nozzles.
The technical scheme of the particular location of nozzle: described big flow nozzle and low discharge nozzle are evenly spaced apart along the excircle direction of wheel tread, and the direction of its nozzle is all towards wheel tread.
The technical scheme of the control texture of above-mentioned thermal treatment unit: this device is provided with wheel rim quenching ECU, the sequence of control that described wheel rim quenching ECU storage wheel rim quenches, be equipped with valve on the suction culvert of described big flow water inlet endless tube and low discharge water inlet endless tube by electrical control, described valve is connected with described wheel rim quenching ECU by electric control circuit, and accepts its control.
On the wheel rim of described train wheel, establish temperature-sensing element, and be connected by signal line, transmit temperature data to wheel rim quenching ECU with described wheel rim quenching ECU.
Technique scheme has outstanding substantive distinguishing features, and has obtained significant technical progress on the basis of existing technology, has solved the long-term unsolved technical barrier in this area, has demonstrated fully novelty of the present invention, creativeness and practicality.Compared with prior art, the present invention has obtained following beneficial effect:
Adopt the present invention only to need train wheel thermal treatment refrigerating unit commonly used is simply transformed,, make train wheel circular rim tread top layer and the inner separate generation perlitic transformation of wheel rim under the cooling conditions continuously, that is: by being used of two kinds of nozzles
Can make that 10mm is lower than 310HBw ferrite network-pearlitic structure (ferrite content＞5%) with the interior hardness value that obtains under the tread, the ferrite-pearlite structural transformation takes place fully, improve the anti-contact fatigue property of wheel, reduce the shelled tread of wheel;
10mm under the wheel tread is reduced more than the 8HBw with interior hardness value, use the Wheel of initial stage wheel tread to be easy to generate distortion in a small amount, obtain the geometric match relation of suitable wheel and rail as early as possible, increase contact surface, reduction contact stress level;
Wheel rim inside (scope of 10mm～45mm is interior under the tread) obtains interrupted ferrite network-nodular troostite tissue (ferrite content＜5%) that hardness value surpasses 320HBw, after the wheel track contact is finished the period of adjustment, the wear resisting property of wheel rim inside improves, thereby improves the work-ing life of wheel;
Simultaneously, can not increase the operation easier that wheel heat is handled process for cooling.
Description of drawings
Below expressed content of each width of cloth accompanying drawing of this specification sheets and the mark among the figure are made brief description:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of train wheel circular rim thermal treatment unit involved in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cooling curve at 5mm and 15mm place under the wheel tread of actual measurement among the method embodiment four;
Fig. 3 is the cooling curve at 5mm and 15mm place under the wheel tread of actual measurement among the method embodiment five;
Fig. 4 is the wheel rim tread top layer metallographic structure state graph of method embodiment four, example five;
Fig. 5 is the wheel rim tread top layer metallographic structure state graph that the thermal treatment method of cooling obtains in the prior art;
The correlation curve of the wheel rim section hardness of thermal treatment method of cooling processing in the wheel rim section hardness that Fig. 6 obtains for the present invention and the prior art;
The weightless correlation curve of abrasion of Fig. 7 wheel that to be method embodiment four, example five handle with the thermal treatment method of cooling of prior art.
Being labeled as among Fig. 1: 1, big flow water inlet endless tube, 2, low discharge water inlet endless tube, 3, fixture wheel, 4, train wheel, 5, the low discharge nozzle, 6, universal stage, 7, quenching platform housing, 8, big flow nozzle, 9, horizontal quenching platform, 10, wheel tread.
Embodiment
Contrast accompanying drawing below, by description to the preferred embodiment that provided, to the specific embodiment of the present invention such as concrete implementation condition, essential implementation, processing parameter, processing step, used and manipulate method, and the shape of each related member in the device provided by the present invention, structure, mutual alignment between the each several part and annexation, the effect of each several part and principle of work etc., be described in further detail, to help those skilled in the art to inventive concept of the present invention, technical scheme has more complete, accurate and deep understanding makes it implement the present invention more easily.
Referring to the device of Fig. 1, first problem that the present invention solves: a kind of heat treating method of high-carbon steel train wheel circular rim surface is provided, and being used for carbon content is that the rim surface of 0.72%～0.77% train wheel 4 is heat-treated.The process of this method is: at first train wheel 4 is carried out the integral body heating, then rim surface is carried out Cooling Quenching.
It is to solve train wheel owing to problems such as the relatively poor abnormal wear that causes of contact fatigue strength, the wear resistance of its steel material, rolling heaps that wheel adopts the purpose of high carbon steel material.After but carbon content improved, through conventional at present thermal treatment, wheel rim tread top layer was that 10mm can produce the abnormal structure that is made up of perlite, bainite with interior under the tread, and this is determined by conventional thermal treatment method of cooling.The abnormal structure that produces in the process of conventional thermal treatment method of cooling organizes harder and more crisp than normal ferrite-pearlite, under the effect of wheel Rail Contact Stresses, very easily peel off and come off, destroy the smooth finish and the integrity of wheel tread, need carry out to continue after Xuan repaiies using the work-ing life of directly having reduced wheel; Simultaneously, the existence of abnormal structure obviously raises the tread surface hardness, new wheel uses the initial stage tread to be difficult to produce suitably distortion to obtain comparatively ideal wheel track geometric match relation as early as possible, cause wheel rim to bear excessive contact stress, be easy to generate the damage of early stage contact fatigue, more seriously influence wheel work-ing life.
In order to give full play to the advantage that adopts high carbon steel to make train wheel, overcome the unfavorable factor that it brings simultaneously, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
The heat treating method of this high-carbon steel train wheel circular rim surface provided by the present invention, in its process of cooling, earlier the wheel tread 10 of train wheel 4 is carried out short period of time water spray cooling, force water spray to cool off with great deal running water for a long time to wheel tread 10 then with the low discharge current.
Specific practice is to increase a water inlet endless tube on the horizontal quenching platform 9 of wheel that routine is used, and one group of low discharge nozzle 5 is installed thereon, in conjunction with original big flow nozzle 8, successively to wheel tread 10 cooling of spraying water.
Technique scheme is at the material of carbon content at the high-carbon train wheel of 0.72%～0.77% scope, normally used wheel heat is handled refrigerating unit simply to be transformed, make wheel rim tread top layer and the inner independent perlitic transformation that takes place of wheel rim under the cooling conditions continuously by being used of two kinds of nozzles, make 10 times 10mm of wheel tread the ferrite-pearlite structural transformation take place fully with interior, improve the anti-contact fatigue property of wheel, reduce the shelled tread of wheel; Can suitably reduce under the tread 10mm with interior hardness value, use the Wheel of initial stage wheel tread to be easy to generate distortion in a small amount, obtain suitable wheel track geometric match relation as early as possible, reduce the contact stress level; Can suitably improve wheel rim inside is the interior hardness value of 10 times 10mm of wheel tread～45mm scope, thereby improves the wheel wear resistance, the work-ing life of improving wheel; Can not increase wheel heat and handle the operation easier of process for cooling.
The concrete enforcement of heat treating method of the present invention can be undertaken by each following embodiment:
Method embodiment one:
When train wheel 4 integral body are heated, make the wheel rim of train wheel 4 remain on the condition of high temperature of austenite region; With the low discharge current wheel tread 10 is carried out short period of time water spray cooling, the temperature in 10 times 10mm of described wheel tread is reduced in the following certain temperature interval of A1; With great deal running water wheel tread 10 is forced the water spray cooling for a long time, make the wheel rim interior metal quicken fully cooling.
Method embodiment two:
The water spray of different flow adopts different nozzles.
If adopt identical nozzle, then different flows can not reach desired eject request, if adopt small nozzle, during then big flow, flow can not satisfy; If the employing giant, then spraying pressure and range do not reach requirement during low discharge.
Method embodiment three:
The technological process of the heat treating method of train wheel 4 of the present invention is:
At first train wheel 4 is placed horizontal quenching platform 9;
During heating, the wheel rim Heating temperature that makes train wheel 4 is 800 ℃～810 ℃;
Then with being configured in wheel tread 10 one group of low discharge nozzle 5 on every side, current are sprayed to the wheel tread 10 of rotation, spray water in short-term the cooling controlled chilling time, make 10 times 5mm places of wheel tread temperature be reduced to 650 ℃～690 ℃ temperature ranges, form one deck ferrite network-pearlitic structure this moment on wheel tread 10 top layers;
Simultaneously the controlled chilling time, make in the scope of wheel rim inside, 10 times 10mm～45mm of wheel tread, temperature still surpasses Ac3, and structural transformation does not take place as yet;
Switch nozzle, organize big flow nozzle 8 with being pre-configured in around the wheel tread 10 another, current are sprayed to the wheel tread 10 of rotation, make the wheel rim interior metal quicken to be cooled to below 550 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 2 ℃/s～5 ℃/s, thereby in wheel rim inside is the scope of 10 times 10mm～45mm of wheel tread, form interrupted ferrite network-pearlitic structure;
Take out train wheel 4, thermal treatment process finishes.
Owing to formed one deck ferrite network-pearlitic structure on wheel tread 10 surfaces earlier, therefore when adopting big flow nozzle to force to cool off subsequently, can avoid wheel rim tread top layer abnormal structure to occur.
Above-mentioned technological process, rationally control spray flow and order, reasonable controlled chilling time, speed of cooling, the material metallographic structure of the wheel rim of train wheel 4 is changed on request, obtained the metallographic structure of needed different positions, solved the defective that exists in the described prior art of the background technology part of this specification sheets, realized goal of the invention of the present invention and obtained the beneficial effect that the front is introduced, and method and the device that adopted thereof are also uncomplicated.
Two following embodiment are the processing parameters that relate among the method embodiment three, adopt two embodiment of different data, can select one of them to implement.The related train wheel 4 of these two embodiment all adopts the alloying constituent shown in the table 1, and the surface cool of the technological process that provides of the present invention during wheel tread 10 is heat-treated is provided.
The alloying constituent (mass percent) of the train wheel that table 1, method embodiment four, example five are adopted
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | All the other |
| 0.74％ | 0.29％ | 0.74％ | 0.018％ | 0.003％ | Trace |
Method embodiment four:
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, described in the above-described embodiments short period of time low discharge water spray cooling, the wheel of the condition of high temperature of 800 ℃～810 ℃ of austenite regions will be remained on, place horizontal quenching platform 9, earlier wheel tread is carried out weak in short-term water spray cooling, its nozzle flow is 4.9L/min, and be 30s cooling time, makes wheel tread 5mm place temperature be reduced to 687 ℃; Then again wheel tread 10 is carried out the cooling of long-time big flow water spray, its nozzle flow is 35L/min, and be 180s cooling time.
The cooling curve at 5mm and 15mm place as shown in Figure 2 under the wheel tread of actual measurement;
Press present embodiment, can make 10 times 10mm of wheel tread be lower than 310HBw ferrite network-pearlitic structure (ferrite content＞5%) with the interior hardness value that obtains, wheel rim inside is to obtain interrupted ferrite network-nodular troostite tissue (ferrite content＜5%) that hardness value surpasses 320HBw in the scope of 10 times 10mm～45mm of wheel tread, and its wheel rim tread top layer metallographic structure state graph as shown in Figure 4;
10mm under the wheel tread is reduced more than the 8HBw with interior hardness value, and the Hardness Distribution of thermal treatment rear wheel wheel rim cross section as shown in Figure 6;
After the wheel track contact was finished the period of adjustment, the wear resisting property of wheel rim inside improved.The weightless correlation curve of the abrasion of the wheel that the thermal treatment method of cooling of present embodiment and prior art is handled as shown in Figure 7;
The mechanical property that obtains through aforesaid method shows its mechanical property maintenance peer-level of sample that sample that the present invention obtains and prior art obtain shown in following table 2.
Table 2, method embodiment four, example five contrast with the wheel rim mechanical property that thermal treatment method of cooling of the prior art obtains
| Sample | ReH | Rm | A | Z | |
| Method embodiment four | | 1200Mpa | 15％ | 26％ | |
| Method embodiment five | | 1220Mpa | 15％ | 26％ | |
| Prior art | 790Mpa | 1180Mpa | 13％ | 27％ |
Method embodiment five:
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, at method embodiment one to the short period of time low discharge water spray cooling described in the example three, the wheel of the condition of high temperature of 800 ℃～810 ℃ of austenite regions will be remained on, place horizontal quenching platform 9, earlier wheel tread is carried out weak in short-term water spray cooling, its nozzle flow is 4.9L/min, and be 40s cooling time, makes that 5mm place temperature is reduced to 650 ℃ under the wheel tread; Then again wheel tread 10 is carried out the cooling of long-time big flow water spray, its nozzle flow is 35L/min, and be 180s cooling time.
The cooling curve at 5mm and 15mm place as shown in Figure 3 under the wheel tread of actual measurement;
Press present embodiment, can make that 10mm is lower than 310HBw ferrite network-pearlitic structure (ferrite content＞5%) with the interior hardness value that obtains under wheel tread 10 top layers, wheel rim inside (10mm under wheel tread 10 top layers～45mm) obtain interrupted ferrite network-nodular troostite tissue (ferrite content＜5%) that hardness value surpasses 320HBw, its wheel rim tread top layer metallographic structure state graph is as shown in Figure 4;
10mm under the wheel tread is reduced more than the 8HBw with interior hardness value, and the Hardness Distribution of thermal treatment rear wheel wheel rim cross section as shown in Figure 6;
After the wheel track contact was finished the period of adjustment, the wear resisting property of wheel rim inside improved.The weightless correlation curve of the abrasion of the wheel that the thermal treatment method of cooling of present embodiment and prior art is handled as shown in Figure 7;
The mechanical property that obtains through aforesaid method shows its mechanical property maintenance peer-level of sample that sample that the present invention obtains and prior art obtain shown in top table 2.
Method embodiment six:
What present embodiment will solve is the control that realizes spray flow, proposes corresponding technical measures.Its objective is that to make this control more accurate, reliable.
The size of startup, conversion and the flow of described low discharge water spray and big flow water spray, the water spraying time of described different flow are controlled according to the program of setting and the feedback data of temperature by wheel rim quenching ECU.
Second problem that the present invention solves is: in order to realize the goal of the invention identical with the heat treating method of above-mentioned high-carbon steel train wheel circular rim surface, the present invention also provides the train wheel circular rim of implementing above-mentioned heat treating method thermal treatment unit.
Its technical scheme is: this device main body structure is horizontal quenching platform 9, described horizontal quenching platform 9 is provided with quenching platform housing 7, described train wheel 4 axis vertically and by fixture wheel 3 are fixed on the universal stage 6, described universal stage 6 is fixed on the central position in the quenching platform housing 7, on described quenching platform housing 7, also be provided with into water endless tube, and current are sprayed onto on the wheel tread 10 by nozzle, described water inlet endless tube is divided into big flow water inlet endless tube 1 and low discharge water inlet endless tube 2, and described big flow water inlet endless tube 1 is connected a plurality of big flow nozzles 8; Described low discharge water inlet endless tube 2 is connected a plurality of low discharge nozzles 5.
Technique scheme has solved the heat treating method devices needed of the high-carbon steel train wheel circular rim surface that proposes in front, makes the complete integral body that becomes of the present invention.Its technical scheme is corresponding, has wherein all comprised corresponding specified features, and promptly low discharge water spray and big flow water spray is used in combination.
Device embodiment one:
Present embodiment is the concrete structure that nozzle is provided with, and has guaranteed that all nozzles are to all even water spray effectively of wheel tread 10.
Described big flow nozzle 8 and low discharge nozzle 5 are evenly spaced apart along the excircle direction of wheel tread 10, and the direction of its nozzle is all towards wheel tread 10.
Device embodiment two:
Present embodiment is the control texture of described device.
Said apparatus is provided with wheel rim quenching ECU, the sequence of control that described wheel rim quenching ECU storage wheel rim quenches, be equipped with valve on the suction culvert of described big flow water inlet endless tube 1 and low discharge water inlet endless tube 2 by electrical control, described valve is connected with described wheel rim quenching ECU by electric control circuit, and accepts its control.
Said structure makes the control of device provided by the invention more accurate and reliable, particularly to the flow control of different current, the control of water spraying time, the switching of different current etc., is easy to regulation and control, and is simple to operate, helps utilizing computer realization control.
Device embodiment three:
Present embodiment is that temperature is controlled necessary structure.
On the wheel rim of described train wheel 4, establish temperature-sensing element, and be connected by signal line, transmit temperature data to wheel rim quenching ECU with described wheel rim quenching ECU.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention has been carried out exemplary description above; obviously specific implementation of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of aforesaid way; as long as adopted the improvement of the various unsubstantialities that method of the present invention design and technical scheme carry out; or design of the present invention and technical scheme are directly applied to other occasion without improving, all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the heat treating method of a high-carbon steel train wheel circular rim surface, being used for carbon content is that the rim surface of 0.72%～0.77% train wheel (4) is heat-treated, the process of this method is: at first train wheel (4) is heated, then rim surface is carried out Cooling Quenching, it is characterized in that: in process of cooling, earlier the wheel tread (10) of train wheel (4) is carried out short period of time water spray cooling, force water spray to cool off with great deal running water for a long time to wheel tread (10) then with the low discharge current; When the wheel rim to train wheel (4) heats, make the wheel rim of train wheel (4) remain on the condition of high temperature of austenite region; With the low discharge current wheel tread (10) is carried out short period of time water spray cooling, the temperature in the 10mm described wheel tread (10) is under reduced in the certain temperature interval below the A1; With great deal running water wheel tread (10) is forced the water spray cooling for a long time, make the wheel rim interior metal quicken fully cooling; The water spray of different flow adopts different nozzles;
The technological process of described heat treating method is:
At first train wheel (4) is placed horizontal quenching platform (9);
During heating, the wheel rim Heating temperature that makes train wheel (4) is 800 ℃～810 ℃;
Then with being configured in wheel tread (10) one group of low discharge nozzle (5) on every side, current are sprayed to the wheel tread (10) of rotation, the cooling of spraying water in short-term, the controlled chilling time, make that 5mm place temperature is reduced to 650 ℃～690 ℃ scopes under the wheel tread, form one deck ferrite network-pearlitic structure this moment on wheel tread (10) top layer;
Make simultaneously in the scope of 10mm～45mm under the wheel tread (10), temperature still surpasses Ac3, and structural transformation does not take place as yet;
Switch nozzle, organize big flow nozzle (8) with being pre-configured on every side another of wheel tread (10), current are sprayed to the wheel tread (10) of rotation, make the wheel rim interior metal quicken to be cooled to below 550 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 2 ℃/s～5 ℃/s, thereby under wheel tread (10), in the scope of 10mm～45mm, form interrupted ferrite network-pearlitic structure;
Take out train wheel (4), thermal treatment process finishes.
2. according to the heat treating method of the described high-carbon steel train wheel circular rim surface of claim 1, the processing parameter that it is characterized in that described heat treating method is: short period of time low discharge water spray cooling, its nozzle flow is 4.9L/min, be 30s cooling time, makes that 5mm place temperature is reduced to 687 ℃ under the wheel tread (10); Then again wheel tread (10) is carried out the cooling of long-time big flow water spray, its nozzle flow is 35L/min, and be 180s cooling time.
3. according to the heat treating method of the described high-carbon steel train wheel circular rim surface of claim 1, the processing parameter that it is characterized in that described heat treating method is: short period of time low discharge water spray cooling, its nozzle flow is 4.9L/min, be 40s cooling time, makes the dark 5mm place of wheel tread (10) temperature be reduced to 650 ℃; Then again wheel tread (10) is carried out the cooling of long-time big flow water spray, its nozzle flow is 35L/min, and be 180s cooling time.
4. according to the heat treating method of claim 2 or 3 described high-carbon steel train wheel circular rim surfaces, it is characterized in that: the size of startup, conversion and the flow of low discharge water spray and big flow water spray, the water spraying time of different flow, control according to the program of setting by wheel rim quenching ECU.
5. train wheel circular rim thermal treatment unit of implementing the heat treating method of the described high-carbon steel train wheel circular rim surface of claim 1, this device main body structure is a horizontal quenching platform (9), described horizontal quenching platform (9) is provided with quenching platform housing (7), described train wheel (4) axis vertically also is fixed on the universal stage (6) by fixture wheel (3), described universal stage (6) is fixed on the central position in the quenching platform housing (7), on described quenching platform housing (7), also be provided with into water endless tube, and current are sprayed onto on the wheel tread (10) by nozzle, it is characterized in that: described water inlet endless tube is divided into big flow water inlet endless tube (1) and low discharge water inlet endless tube (2), and described big flow water inlet endless tube (1) is connected a plurality of big flow nozzles (8); Described low discharge water inlet endless tube (2) is connected a plurality of low discharge nozzles (5).
6. according to the described train wheel circular rim thermal treatment unit of claim 5, it is characterized in that: described big flow nozzle (8) and low discharge nozzle (5) are evenly spaced apart along the excircle direction of wheel tread (10), and the direction of its nozzle is all towards wheel tread (10).
7. according to claim 5 or 6 described train wheel circular rim thermal treatment units, it is characterized in that: this device is provided with wheel rim quenching ECU, the sequence of control that described wheel rim quenching ECU storage wheel rim quenches, be equipped with valve on the suction culvert of described big flow water inlet endless tube (1) and low discharge water inlet endless tube (2) by electrical control, described valve is connected with described wheel rim quenching ECU by electric control circuit, and accepts its control.
8. according to the described train wheel circular rim thermal treatment unit of claim 7, it is characterized in that: on the wheel rim of described train wheel (4), establish temperature-sensing element, and be connected by signal line with described wheel rim quenching ECU, transmit temperature data to wheel rim quenching ECU.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100204215A CN101270408B (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2008-03-04 | Thermal treatment method for high-carbon steel train wheel circular rim surface and heat treatment apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100204215A CN101270408B (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2008-03-04 | Thermal treatment method for high-carbon steel train wheel circular rim surface and heat treatment apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101270408A CN101270408A (en) | 2008-09-24 |
| CN101270408B true CN101270408B (en) | 2010-06-02 |
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| CN101818239B (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2011-08-31 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Railway wheel heat treatment heating furnace and heat treatment process thereof |
| CN101818236B (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2011-08-31 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing high carbon steel wheel |
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| CN110055394B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2020-11-03 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Heat treatment cooling process for railway wheels |
| CN110317943A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-10-11 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of two-sided quenching cooler of train wheel |
| CN111560562A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-21 | 宝武集团马钢轨交材料科技有限公司 | Medium carbon steel wheel containing Cr and Mo and heat treatment method thereof |
| CN112029971B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-04-26 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Preparation method of railway wheel for optimizing toughness matching relationship |
| CN113046540B (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2022-08-16 | 宝武集团马钢轨交材料科技有限公司 | Heat treatment process for wheel |
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