CN107675080A - Anti- contact fatigue pearlite steel rail and its manufacture method - Google Patents
Anti- contact fatigue pearlite steel rail and its manufacture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107675080A CN107675080A CN201710933923.6A CN201710933923A CN107675080A CN 107675080 A CN107675080 A CN 107675080A CN 201710933923 A CN201710933923 A CN 201710933923A CN 107675080 A CN107675080 A CN 107675080A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to rail manufacturing technology field, and in particular to a kind of anti-contact fatigue pearlite steel rail and its manufacture method.The problem of pearlite steel rail rail head cross-section performance is uneven, and obtained pearlite steel rail performance is bad, contacting fatigue resistance is low is prepared for prior art, the invention provides a kind of manufacture method of anti-contact fatigue pearlite steel rail, is comprised the following steps：A, by hot rolling of steel billet into rail, finishing temperature is 900~1000 DEG C；B, when rail surface central temperature is air-cooled to 750~800 DEG C, cooling medium is blown to rail head top surface and rail head two sides, is cooled to end face center temperature as 650 DEG C；C, cooling medium is blown to rail head top surface, rail head two sides and rail head both sides lower jaw, after being cooled to 520 DEG C of rail head top layer, is air-cooled to room temperature.By way of controlling composition of steel, two sections of acceleration coolings the more excellent rail of performance is prepared, the inventive method is simple to operate, and equipment requirement is not high, suitably promotes the use of in the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rail manufacturing technology field, and in particular to a kind of anti-contact fatigue pearlite steel rail and its manufacturer
Method.
Background technology
The fast development of railway proposes requirements at the higher level to rail military service performance.It is continuous complete with China Express Railway net
Kind, existing passenger-cargo mixed fortune trunk line will progressively implement heavy loading transformation, and large conveying quantity, big axle weight, high density are following heavily loaded iron
The developing direction on road.Critical component of the rail as railway, the quality of its quality, the conevying efficiency of the height of performance and railway with
Traffic safety is closely bound up.With the lifting of railway transport capacity, rail Service Environment is further harsh, complicated, and all kinds of hurts are dashed forward
Go out, hurt, its service life such as too fast abrasion, stripping chip off-falling occurs simultaneously in part sharp radius curve section rail can not be with main track
Rail matches, and constrains the further development of railway transportation.
At present, it is the contacting fatigue resistance that improves rail, it is main using pearlite steel rail is online or heat-treated offline
Method, make rail head position quick by way of the rail head position blowing pressurized air or water smoke gaseous mixture to austenitizing rail
Cooling, to obtain the lamellar pearlite tissue refined in rail head top layer to certain depth, crystal grain refinement is relied on to realize obdurability
It is synchronous to improve, so as to reach the purpose that wear-resistant, contacting fatigue resistance synchronously improves.In terms of acceleration cooling procedure, both at home and abroad
Rarely has the research report that cooling nozzles arrangement mode influences on rail property.
Patent CN101646795B《Wear resistance and the damaging excellent pearlite steel rail of high internal hardness type of endurance and
Its manufacture method》In define a kind of manufacture method of pearlite steel rail of high internal hardness type, it is characterised in that by steel hot rolling
Into rail shape, it is 850~950 DEG C to make finishing temperature, then, with 1.2~5 DEG C/sec of cooling velocity, by the table of rail's end portion
Temperature of the layer more than pearlitic transformation start temperature is quickly cooled to 400~650 DEG C.The patent only defines heat-treatment of rail
The cooling starting of different phase and final temperature and corresponding cooling rate scope, are not directed to the specific type of cooling.
Patent CN105483347A is disclosed《A kind of Technology for Heating Processing of pearlite steel rail hardening》, it is characterized in that：By steel
Rail is heated to 880~920 DEG C, is incubated 10~15min, different according to steel grade, and specific temperature is as cold as with specific cooling rate scope
Section is incubated 30s, then air cooling, is specially：The pearlite steel rail hardening process system that material is U75V is：880~920 DEG C of insulations
10~15min, 570~600 DEG C are cooled to 8~15 DEG C/s cooling rates, then with 0.2~0.5 DEG C/s cooling rate air cooling to 20~25
℃；The pearlite steel rail hardening process system that material is U76CrRE is：850~900 DEG C are incubated 10~15 minutes, with 6~10
DEG C/s cooling rates are cooled to 590~610 DEG C, then with 0.2~0.5 DEG C/s cooling rate air cooling to 20~25 DEG C.The board of the patent disclosure
Number equally it is not directed to specific refrigerating mode for the Technologies for Heating Processing of two kinds of materials of U75V, U76CrRE.
Patent CN103898303A is disclosed《The heat treatment method and turnout rail of a kind of turnout rail》, it is characterized in that：It will treat
The rail head top surface temperature of processing is that 650~900 DEG C of turnout rail accelerate cooling to obtain the turnout rail of full pearlitic structrure,
Wherein, the acceleration cooling velocity of the rail head active side of turnout rail is higher than the acceleration cooling velocity of the rail head non-working side of turnout rail,
Its cooling velocity difference is 0.1~1.0 DEG C/s.It is especially non-to rail that rail head two sides cooling velocity difference is proposed in the patent
Symmetric cross-section rail property improves and the benefit brought of flatness control, but not yet explicitly the arrangement mode of different phase nozzle with it is cold
But influence of the speed to performance after heat-treatment of rail.
In the prior art for heat-treatment of rail be concentrated mainly on different cooling in the range of different temperatures control come
The control of heat treatment step is realized, is not directed to the Precise control of different spray nozzles arrangement mode and injection method, thus can not
Obtain the pearlite steel rail of anti-contact fatigue.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：Prior art prepares pearlite steel rail in cooling using one-step cooling
Mode, it is difficult to uniform decrease in temperature, the problem of obtained pearlite steel rail performance is bad.
The present invention solve technical problem technical scheme be：A kind of manufacturer of anti-contact fatigue pearlite steel rail is provided
Method.This method comprises the following steps：
A, steel rail rolling
By hot rolling of steel billet into rail, finishing temperature is 900~1000 DEG C；
B, the first stage cools down
When rail surface central temperature is air-cooled to 750~800 DEG C, cooling is blown to rail head top surface and rail head two sides
Medium, end face center temperature is cooled to as 650 DEG C；
C, second stage cools down
Cooling medium is blown to rail head top surface, rail head two sides and rail head both sides lower jaw, is cooled to rail head top layer center
When temperature is 520 DEG C, room temperature is air-cooled to.
Wherein, in the manufacture method of above-mentioned anti-contact fatigue pearlite steel rail, the rail constituent described in step a
For：By weight percentage, C:0.60%~0.75%, Si:0.10%~0.55%, Mn:0.75%~1.25%, Cr:
0.05%~0.15%, at least one of V, Nb, Ti, when containing V V be 0.02%~0.10%, when containing Ti Ti be 0.001%~
0.030%, when containing Nb, Nb was 0.02%~0.08%, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Wherein, in the manufacture method of above-mentioned anti-contact fatigue pearlite steel rail, step b, the cooling medium described in c is pressure
At least one of contracting air or water smoke gaseous mixture.
Wherein, in the manufacture method of above-mentioned anti-contact fatigue pearlite steel rail, the cooling velocity described in step b is 3.0
~6.0 DEG C/s.
Wherein, in the manufacture method of above-mentioned anti-contact fatigue pearlite steel rail, the cooling velocity described in step c is 2.0
~5.0 DEG C/s.
Present invention also offers a kind of anti-contact fatigue pearlite steel rail, its constituent is：By weight percentage, C:
0.60%~0.75%, Si:0.10%~0.55%, Mn:0.75%~1.25%, Cr:0.05%~0.15%, V, Nb, Ti
At least one of, when containing V, V was 0.02%~0.10%, and when containing Ti, Ti was 0.001%~0.030%, and when containing Nb, Nb was
0.02%~0.08%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：The rail of present invention selection specific composition composition, by adopting
Accelerate the mode of cooling with two-part, compared to existing single heat treatment mode, the pearlite steel rail of preparation is with more excellent
Intensity, hardness, toughness and plasticity index, especially contacting fatigue resistance are substantially better than existing method.The inventive method is grasped
Make simply, equipment requirement is not high, and the pearlite steel rail of preparation can integrally improve the contacting fatigue resistance at rail head position, effectively
Extend the service life of rail under equal conditions.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of manufacture method of anti-contact fatigue pearlite steel rail, comprise the following steps：
A, steel rail rolling
By hot rolling of steel billet into rail, finishing temperature is 900~1000 DEG C；
B, the first stage cools down
When rail surface central temperature is air-cooled to 750~800 DEG C, cooling is blown to rail head top surface and rail head two sides
Medium, end face center temperature is cooled to as 650 DEG C；
C, second stage cools down
Cooling medium is blown to rail head top surface, rail head two sides and rail head both sides lower jaw, is cooled to rail head top layer center
When temperature is 520 DEG C, room temperature is air-cooled to.
The composition of above-mentioned anti-contact fatigue pearlite steel rail is：By weight percentage, C:0.60%~0.75%, Si:
0.10%~0.55%, Mn:0.75%~1.25%, Cr:0.05%~0.15%, at least one of V, Nb, Ti, when containing V V
For 0.02%~0.10%, when containing Ti, Ti was 0.001%~0.030%, and when containing Nb, Nb was 0.02%~0.08%, surplus Fe
With inevitable impurity.
C is that pearlite steel rail improves strong hardness, promotes most important, the most cheap element of perlitic transformation.In bar of the present invention
Under part, as C content ＜ 0.60%, even if using faster cooling velocity after rolling in the present invention, it can not also ensure needed for rail
Hardness and abrasion resistance properties；As C content ＞ 0.75%, easy bainite, martensite etc. under conditions of cooling is too fast
Abnormal structure.Therefore, C content is limited to 0.60%~0.75%.
Si is present in ferrite and austenite the intensity for improving tissue as the solution strengthening element in steel.Meanwhile can
Suppress proeutectoid cementite to separate out, so as to improve the toughness plasticity of rail.Under the conditions of the present invention, as Si content ＜ 0.10%,
Solid solution capacity is relatively low to be caused to strengthen DeGrain；As Si content ＞ 0.55%, the toughness plasticity of rail will be reduced.Therefore, Si contains
Amount is limited to 0.10%~0.55%.
Mn can form solid solution with Fe, improve the intensity of ferrite and austenite.Meanwhile Mn is that carbide forms member again
Element, into cementite after can partly substitute Fe atoms, increase the hardness of carbide, the final hardness for increasing steel.In bar of the present invention
Under part, as Mn content ＜ 0.75%, reinforcing effect is not notable, is only capable of making the performance of steel slightly improve by solution strengthening；When
During Mn content ＞ 1.25%, due to accelerating cooling velocity very fast after being rolled in the present invention, bainite, horse are also easy to produce in carbon segregation region
Shi Tideng abnormal structures.Therefore, Mn contents are limited between 0.75%~1.25%.
Cr can form a variety of carbide as medium carbide former with the carbon in steel；Meanwhile in the uniform steel of Cr energy
Distribution of carbides, reduce carbide size, improve the abrasion resistance properties of rail.Under the conditions of the present invention, when Cr contents are less than
When 0.05%, the carbide negligible amounts of formation, the purpose for improving abrasion resistance properties is unable to reach；When chromium content is higher than 0.15%
When, because Mn contents are high in the present invention, both easily generate the abnormal structures such as bainite at interaction.Therefore, Cr contents limit
0.05%~0.15%.
When V is under room temperature condition, the solubility in steel is very low, and is such as present in austenite grain boundary in the hot rolling
Or other regions, separated out in V carbonitrides (V (C, N)) form of micronized particles shape, or with the compound precipitations of Ti in steel, suppress
The growth of austenite crystal, high performance purpose is put forward so as to reach crystal grain thinning.Under the conditions of the present invention, when V content is less than
When 0.02%, Carbonitride Precipitation containing V is limited, it is difficult to plays and strengthens effect；As V content ＞ 0.10%, easily formed thick
Carbonitride, deteriorate the toughness plasticity of rail.Therefore, V content is limited to 0.02%~0.10%.
Austenite crystal when main functions of the Ti in steel is refinement heating, rolling and cooling, it is final to increase prolonging for rail
Stretch rate and rigidity.Under the conditions of the present invention, as Ti content ＜ 0.001%, the carbide quantity formed in rail extremely has
Limit；As Ti content ＞ 0.030%, on the one hand because Ti is strong carbonitride-forming elements, caused TiC is on the high side will to make rail
Excessive high hardness；On the other hand, TiN, TiC are on the high side is enriched with segregation to form thick carbide, not only reduces toughness plasticity, also causes steel
Rail contact surface under impact loading is easy to ftracture and causes to be broken.Therefore, Ti contents are limited to 0.001%~0.030%
Between.
Main functions of the Nb in steel is similar to V, by the Nb carbonitride fining austenite grains of precipitation, and by
The carbonitride of roller repairing process generation produces precipitation strength, while rail hardness is improved, can also improve the tough of rail
Plasticity.Meanwhile Nb is to preventing welding point softening from also benefiting.Under the conditions of the present invention, as Nb content ＜ 0.02%, containing Nb
Carbonitride Precipitation is limited, it is difficult to plays and strengthens effect；As Nb content ＞ 0.08%, thick carbonitride is easily formed, is disliked
Change the toughness plasticity of rail.Therefore, Nb contents are limited to 0.02%~0.08%.
Therefore, above-mentioned factor is considered, anti-contact fatigue pearlite steel rail constituent of the invention is：By weight hundred
Divide than meter, C:0.60%~0.75%, Si:0.10%~0.55%, Mn:0.75%~1.25%, Cr:0.05%~
0.15%, at least one of V, Nb, Ti, when containing V, V was 0.02%~0.10%, and when containing Ti, Ti was 0.001%~0.030%,
When containing Nb, Nb was 0.02%~0.08%, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The smelting process of above-mentioned rail will meet the steel of mentioned component requirement using the common rail smelting process in this area
Liquid continuous casting enters in heating furnace for cooling after 250mm × 250mm~450mm × 450mm section steel billets is heated to 1200~1300
DEG C and held for some time after come out of the stove, use omnipotent method or pass method to roll after water under high pressure dephosphorization to be disconnected needed for 50~75kg/m
Face rail.
The mode being heat-treated at present to rail is mainly to carry out acceleration cooling to the rail head position of austenitizing rail,
And cooling nozzles are mainly arranged in top surface and the two sides at rail head of rail position, this is determined by the handling characteristics of rail：Steel
The top surface and one side of rail bear the multi-phase complex stress from wheel, and rail is vertically symmetric cross-section, by
In the difference of installation site, two sides may be respectively subjected to wheel stress effect.Therefore, rail head top surface and two sides are military service
The rail property at position should be higher than that the other positions of rail.
In existing rail head top surface and two sides accelerate cooling procedure, with the rapid drawdown of skin temperature, from rail head of rail
The heat of center portion and top layer heat exchange, in heat transfer process, with the release of pearlitic transformation latent heat, rail head skin temperature is not only
It will not reduce, may raise on the contrary, this means that the reduction of rail head center portion phase transformation degree of supercooling, finally not only rail head at room temperature
The hardness of center portion is significantly lower than top layer, and its toughness is equally relatively low.The present invention increases spray by using at rail head both sides lower jaw position
Mouth is blown the mode of cooling medium, in heat treatment process, because rail head center portion and the cooling rate difference on rail head top layer are reducing, may be used also
Make the starting temperature of transformation on rail head top layer lower, rail obdurability will further improve, although the amplitude of this raising is limited
, but be still advantageous to further carrying for performance close to for the steel of the limit for this kind of performance of pearlite heat-treated rail
Rise.
In the present invention, rail is cooled down stage by stage, waste heat rail is air-cooled to 750~800 DEG C, can make rail rail
Head section obtains more uniform temperature field, and condition is provided to obtain the tissue more refined after phase transformation.First stage is to " rail head
Top surface and rail head two sides " are cooled down, and chilling temperature is advisable with 3.0~6.0 DEG C/s, if 3.0 DEG C/s of cooling velocity ＜, roll certainly
After need to expend longer time when being cooled to 650 DEG C, add cost；If 6.0 DEG C/s of cooling velocity ＞, acceleration is cooled to 650
DEG C when rail head top layer and rail head centre will appear from more than 50 DEG C of temperature difference, be unfavorable for the uniform lift of tunneling boring performance.
Temperature is in 650 DEG C~800 DEG C sections, rail temperature decrease, rail head top layer in the presence of cooling medium is accelerated
With 50 DEG C of the temperature difference ＞ of rail head center portion, rail head top layer takes the lead in undergoing phase transition, and discharges latent heat；When rail head top surface temperature is down to
At 650 DEG C, because heat of the rail head center portion especially from rail head lower jaw and web of the rail position continuously passes to rail head, lead
Phase transformation degree of supercooling in rail head top layer and certain depth is caused to reduce, reaction is the reduction of obdurability at room temperature.Therefore, at 650 DEG C
When, rail head lower jaw supplement heat rejecter need to be increased, that is, need to proceed by the cooling of second stage.
Second stage takes the mode cooled down to " rail head top surface, rail head two sides and rail head both sides lower jaw ".Work as rail
When head skin temperature is less than 650 DEG C, top layer will be undergone phase transition, while discharge latent heat of phase change, and rail head center portion temperature is higher than table
Layer, has organized scattering and disappearing for rail head center portion heat, has been unfavorable for the lifting of rail head center portion performance, now increases the cooling of rail head lower jaw, can
Effectively solve rail head top surface and the slow-footed problem of two sides rail temperature drop, so that rail head center portion phase transformation degree of supercooling increases, from
Improve obdurability at room temperature.
Second stage cooling velocity is advisable with 2.0~5.0 DEG C/s, if 2.0 DEG C/s of cooling rate ＜, rail obdurability synchronously drops
It is low；If 5.0 DEG C/s of cooling rate ＞, the abnormal structures such as bainite, martensite are easily formed at segregation position.Therefore, second stage is cold
Speed limit is scheduled on 2.0~5.0 DEG C/s.Stop when when rail head top layer, central temperature is down to 520 DEG C with 2.0~5.0 DEG C/s quickly cooling but,
Direct Air-Cooled is to room temperature.When accelerating to cool down, when rail head top layer is down to 520 DEG C, whole rail head cross-section phase transformation has been completed, and continues to add
Quickly cooling but nonsignificance, therefore, when temperature is down to 520 DEG C or so, is cooled down using air.
Explanation will be further explained to the embodiment of the present invention by embodiment below, but do not indicated that this
The protection domain of invention is limited in described in embodiment in scope.
Embodiment 1~6 manufactures pearlite steel rail with the inventive method
The chemical composition of pearlite steel rail steel billet used in embodiment 1~6 is as shown in table 1 below：
The chemical component table (%) of the pearlite steel rail steel billet of table 1
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | V/Ti/Nb | |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.66 | 0.55 | 0.96 | 0.015 | 0.004 | 0.09 | 0.10V |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.70 | 0.38 | 0.83 | 0.010 | 0.005 | 0.15 | 0.030Ti |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.60 | 0.42 | 1.25 | 0.009 | 0.003 | 0.05 | 0.08Nb |
| Embodiment 4 | 0.72 | 0.10 | 1.16 | 0.008 | 0.004 | 0.07 | 0.02V |
| Embodiment 5 | 0.75 | 0.21 | 0.75 | 0.009 | 0.005 | 0.12 | 0.001Ti |
| Embodiment 6 | 0.63 | 0.30 | 1.01 | 0.012 | 0.004 | 0.10 | 0.03Nb |
Steel billet as shown above is rolled as 60kg/m rail, cooled down in the following manner：
A, steel rail rolling
By hot rolling of steel billet into rail, finishing temperature is 900~1000 DEG C；
B, the first stage cools down
Using finish to gauge waste heat, when rail surface central temperature is air-cooled to 750~800 DEG C, to rail head top surface and rail head two
Side is blown cooling medium, is cooled to end face center temperature as 650 DEG C；
C, second stage cools down
Cooling medium is blown to rail head top surface, rail head two sides and rail head both sides lower jaw, is cooled to rail head top layer center
When temperature is 520 DEG C, room temperature is air-cooled to.
The cooling velocity of embodiment 1~6 is as shown in table 2 below.
Requirement of the distinct methods of table 2 to cooling velocity
Comparative example 1~6 prepares pearlite steel rail using existing method
For steel billet constituent with embodiment 1~6, the steel billet of comparative example 1 is embodiment 1 used by comparative example 1~6, according to
This analogizes, mutually corresponding.
Comparative example 1~6 is carried out using the existing type of cooling, and only rail head top surface and the injection cooling of rail head two sides are situated between
Matter, after being cooled to rail head top layer≤520 DEG C, it is air-cooled to room temperature.
The cooling velocity that comparative example 1~6 is set is as shown in table 3：
Requirement of the distinct methods of table 3 to cooling velocity
By embodiment and comparative example processing after rail be air-cooled to room temperature, respectively below the rail head top layer of rail 10mm,
D is taken at 30mm0=10mm, l0=5d0Circular both shoulders tensile sample, R is detected according to GB/T 228.1 respectivelyp0.2、Rm, A, Z,
Same area takes 10mm × 10mm × U-shaped impact specimen of 55mm Charpy, and ballistic work is tested according to GB/T 229.In addition, cut respectively
Rail head of rail position lateral stiffness sample is taken, respectively in the upside fillet apart from rail head top layer 10mm, 30mm and end face center portion
Position determines Rockwell hardness according to GB/T 230.1, and embodiment uses identical test position and method of testing with comparative example, as a result
Refer to table 4 and table 5.
Mechanics property of rail (10mm below rail head top layer) prepared by the distinct methods of table 4
Mechanics property of rail (30mm below rail head top layer) prepared by the distinct methods of table 5
From above-described embodiment and comparative example：The present invention have chosen with identical chemical composition, using of the present invention
The comparative example of the embodiment of Technology for Heating Processing and existing Technology for Heating Processing is contrasted.Embodiment is cold using accelerating in two stages
But mode, wherein, the first stage is cooled down using the type of cooling of 3.0~6.0 DEG C/s of average cooling rate rail head top surface+two sides
To 650 DEG C；Second stage uses the rail head tunneling boring of 2.0~5.0 DEG C/s of cooling rate rail heads top surface+two sides+rail head both sides lower jaw
The type of cooling is cooled to 520 DEG C, is air-cooled to room temperature.By contrast, existing process uses 2.0~5.0 DEG C/s of cooling rate rail head top
The single heat treatment mode of face+two sides.Comparing result shows in table 4,10mm below rail head top layer under technique of the present invention
Interior intensity, hardness, toughness and plasticity is slightly above comparative example；Importantly, the obdurability below rail head top layer at 30mm
Can be apparently higher than existing heat treatment technics, it is seen that increase rail head lower jaw accelerates cooling integrally to improve the tough comprehensive of rail head position
Performance is closed, effectively improves the contacting fatigue resistance of rail.
The invention provides a kind of excellent rail of anti-contact fatigue and its production method, in identical component and production technology
Under, rail obdurability index can be improved using this method, product is applied to the railway track of contact fatigue outstanding problem.
Claims (6)
1. the manufacture method of anti-contact fatigue pearlite steel rail, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A, steel rail rolling
By hot rolling of steel billet into rail, finishing temperature is 900~1000 DEG C；
B, the first stage cools down
When rail surface central temperature is air-cooled to 750~800 DEG C, it is blown cooling to rail head top surface and rail head two sides and is situated between
Matter, end face center temperature is cooled to as 650 DEG C；
C, second stage cools down
Cooling medium is blown to rail head top surface, rail head two sides and rail head both sides lower jaw, is cooled to rail head top layer central temperature
For 520 DEG C when, be air-cooled to room temperature.
2. the manufacture method of anti-contact fatigue pearlite steel rail according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute in step a
The rail constituent stated is：By weight percentage, C:0.60%~0.75%, Si:0.10%~0.55%, Mn:
0.75%~1.25%, Cr:0.05%~0.15%, at least one of V, Nb, Ti, when containing V, V was 0.02%~0.10%,
When containing Ti, Ti was 0.001%~0.030%, and when containing Nb, Nb was 0.02%~0.08%, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
3. the manufacture method of anti-contact fatigue pearlite steel rail according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Step b, c
Described in cooling medium be at least one of compressed air or water smoke gaseous mixture.
4. the manufacture method of anti-contact fatigue pearlite steel rail according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute in step b
The cooling velocity stated is 3.0~6.0 DEG C/s.
5. the manufacture method of anti-contact fatigue pearlite steel rail according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute in step c
The cooling velocity stated is 2.0~5.0 DEG C/s.
6. the anti-contact fatigue pearlite steel rail described in any one of Claims 1 to 5, its constituent are：By weight percentage
Meter, C:0.60%~0.75%, Si:0.10%~0.55%, Mn:0.75%~1.25%, Cr:0.05%~0.15%, V,
At least one of Nb, Ti, when containing V V be 0.02%~0.10%, when containing Ti Ti be 0.001%~0.030%, when containing Nb Nb
For 0.02%~0.08%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
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| CN112301205A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-02 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Pearlite steel rail with high yield ratio and preparation method thereof |
| CN113621881A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-09 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for improving low-temperature toughness of medium-carbon steel rail welded joint |
| CN115747464A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-03-07 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Single-frequency induction heating heat treatment method for medium-carbon low-manganese steel rail welded joint |
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