CN102337385A - Multi-cycle quenching-partitioning-tempering (M Q-P-T) technique - Google Patents
Multi-cycle quenching-partitioning-tempering (M Q-P-T) technique Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-cycle quenching-partitioning-tempering (M Q-P-T) technique, belonging to the field of thermal processing technologies. The technique disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps of: dividing a workpiece with a large section into a plurality of regions from the surface to the centre part along the section, and making an MQ-P-T technique for the workpiece in combination with an isothermal cooling transformation curve of the workpiece; through alternately cooling the workpiece in a medium capable of quickly cooling and a medium capable of slowly cooling for many times, realizing a Q-P-T technique process in each alternate cooling of quick cooling and slow cooling; and gradually finishing martensitic transformation and carbon-rich retained austenite generation from the surface layer to the internal layer in the technique. The technique can be used for quenching and cooling processes of various types of mechanical structure members, thick plates directly quenched after rolling and various types of large-size profile steels which are made of microalloyed steels or alloy steels containing various types of components. According to the application of the technique disclosed by the invention, the purpose of obviously improving strength and toughness of large-size workpieces is achieved on the premise of avoiding cracking.
Description
Technical field
What
the present invention relates to is a kind of to all kinds of mechanical structured members, the slab that rolls back direct quenching and the thermal treatment process that all kinds of large size shaped steel carries out quench cooled, specifically is a kind of many circulation " quenching-distribution-tempering " technology.
Background technology
Q-tempering is (hereinafter to be referred as Q& T) be a kind of traditional technology; It is heated to the austenitic area with workpiece; Be quenched to room temperature then to obtain martensitic stucture; Be incubated for some time in suitable temperature subsequently and carry out tempering to obtain tempered martensite and carbide tissue, this technology is used to need HS widely and has the thermal treatment of certain plasticity and toughness workpiece.Q& T technology is used in the direct quenching of back rolling of for example workpiece such as shaped steel or steel plate and is found, has the insufficient problem of hardening break and plasticity.Through the prior art literature search is found; Xu Zuyao. the heat treated novel process of steel. thermal treatment; 2007; 22 (1): the 1-11 article proposes " quenching-distribution-tempering process " (hereinafter to be referred as Q-P-T), and this technology is on the basis of steel product ingredient design, through adopting the steel that quenching-distribution-three steps of tempering can obtain to have HS and H.T..This technology is heated to the austenite transformation temperature district with workpiece; Certain temperature between quenching to martensite start temperature (Ms) and the end temp (Mf) then; This temperature is called quenching temperature (hereinafter to be referred as the Tq temperature); To obtain martensitic stucture; Be incubated for some time realization then in this Tq temperature or on the Tq temperature and distribute and the tempered process, realize that promptly carbon distributes (diffusion) to austenite, from the supersaturation martensitic matrix, to separate out (tempering) with carbide from supersaturation martensite.Because the Tq temperature in " quenching-distribution-tempering " technology is far above Chuan TongQ & Tq temperature (being generally room temperature) in the T technology; Therefore weakened the tearing tendency of quenching and causing effectively; The distribution of carbon simultaneously makes more rich carbon retained austenite exist at ambient-temp-stable, thereby has significantly improved the plasticity of workpiece, has higher strength and ductility product (MPa%).
realize that the key of Q-P-T technology is control Tq temperature or the soaking time on the Tq temperature; For the workpiece of equivalent size less than certain value, the single quench cooled can well realize the Q-P-T technological process along most of zone in workpiece cross section.For the workpiece of equivalent size greater than certain value; If the single quench cooled time is too short; The Q-P-T technological process only can take place on the top layer, and the top layer will be mainly perlite with interior tissue, the top layer may occur in the air cooling stage subsequently and rise again and be higher than the tempering temperature of workpiece; If single quench cooled overlong time then can occur ftractures and cross the low degree of carrying out that influences subsequently distribution and drawing process because of top layer Tq temperature, the Q-P-T process only possibly occur in time top layer, and inferior top layer is main with perlite still with interior portion's tissue.Therefore, Q-P-T technology is adapted at using on the less workpiece of equivalent size.
Summary of the invention
the present invention is directed to the above-mentioned deficiency that prior art exists; Propose a kind of many circulating quenchings-distribution-tempering process (hereinafter to be referred as M Q-P-T), realized that large-size workpiece avoiding significantly improving intensity and flexible target under the rimose prerequisite.For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: heavy in section workpiece is partly become a plurality of zones along the cross section, formulate the M Q-P-T technology of this workpiece in conjunction with the isothermal transformation cooling curve (TTT curve) of this workpiece material from the surface to the heart.Through workpiece can realized quick refrigerative medium and can realized repeatedly alternately cooling in the slow refrigerative medium; In the alternately cooling of the gentle slow cool down of each cooling fast, realize the Q-P-T technological process, martensitic transformation and rich carbon residual austenite generate and are progressively advanced to internal layer by the top layer in this technology.This technology can be used for the quench cooled of all kinds of mechanical structured members of microalloyed steel that material is various compositions or steel alloy, the slab that rolls back direct quenching and all kinds of large size shaped steel and handle.
The many circulating quenchings of the present invention-distribution-tempering process specifically comprises following operation:
(1) heavy in section workpiece is partly become a plurality of zones along the cross section from the surface to the heart; For example h1 layer (top layer), h2 layer (internal layer 1), h3 layer (internal layer 2) ... Hn layer (heart portion); According to parameters such as the isothermal transformation cooling curve (TTT curve) of workpiece material and interface heat exchange coefficient to workpiece in the temperature field of process of cooling, tissue and stress/strain field carry out numerical simulation; Through simulate confirm h1 layer, h2 layer, h3 layer ... The technology that Q-P-T changes, i.e. M Q-P-T technology take place in the hm layer;
(2) technological process of Q-P-T technology is for the first time: with workpiece quench cooled in h1 layer (top layer) realization Q-P-T technology in can realizing quick refrigerative medium (or type of cooling); This moment, the h1 layer of workpiece was cooled to the Tq temperature range; Portion of tissue generation martensitic transformation, workpiece is inserted the speed of cooling middle distribution-drawing process that realizes the h1 layer tissue that spreads out of that relies on internal heat of medium (or type of cooling) slowly subsequently;
(3) technological process of Q-P-T technology is for the second time: after the first time, the Q-P-T technological process finished; Once more workpiece is realized the quench cooled of the Q-P-T technology of h2 layer (internal layer 1) in can realizing quick refrigerative medium (or type of cooling); This moment, the Q-P-T transition process took place in the h1 layer (top layer) of workpiece; This time fast in the cooling h1 layer (top layer) have the part residual austenite and change martensite into; But because self-tempering has taken place and has still had part high-carbon residual austenite to remain to room temperature in the martensite of Q-P-T process transformation for the first time; So cooling can't cause the cracking on h1 layer (top layer) fast once more; And this quick cooling can make the high temperature austenite attitude tissue of h2 layer be cooled to the Tq temperature range and martensitic transformation takes place; Inserted the distribution-drawing process that realizes the h2 layer tissue that spreads out of that speed of cooling relies on internal heat slowly in the medium (or type of cooling) at workpiece subsequently, make to form martensitic stucture and produce tempering and from martensite, further separate out, simultaneously the residual room temperature that arrives of the rich carbon residual austenite of h2 layer martensite a peripheral part with carbide;
(4) according to above-mentioned same mode can realize successively h3 layer, h4 layer ..., the hn layer the Q-P-T technological process; Not only effectively eliminate thus and weaken hardening break tendency, and reach desired properties through the accumulation of tempered martensite amount and rich carbon remained austenite content successively.
In
technology of the present invention, the number of times of many circulations (M) of the M Q-P-T that specifically takes should be according to the performance requriements of the composition of material, sectional dimension, workpiece and is confirmed.
The application of
technology of the present invention has realized that large-size workpiece avoiding significantly improving intensity and flexible target under the rimose prerequisite.Workpiece of the present invention can for all kinds of mechanical structured members, roll the back direct quenching slab and all kinds of large size shaped steel.Workpiece material of the present invention is the microalloyed steel or the steel alloy of various compositions.
Embodiment
elaborate in the face of embodiments of the invention down; Present embodiment is that prerequisite is implemented with technical scheme of the present invention; Provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The 42CrMo axle class part of M Q-P-T art breading diameter 150mm is adopted in
.The mechanical property that requires to locate apart from surperficial 1/2R (R is the radius of axle) behind quenching and the high tempering is higher than a certain index.M Q-P-T technology realizes that quick refrigerative medium is a water, realizes that slow refrigerative medium is an air.
according to parameters such as the isothermal transformation cooling curve (TTT curve) of workpiece material and interface heat exchange coefficient to workpiece in the temperature field of process of cooling, tissue and stress/strain field carry out numerical simulation; According to numerical simulation result; Confirm apart from surperficial 0-20mm layer, 20-30mm layer, 30-35mm layer the M Q-P-T technology that Q-P-T changes to take place respectively, i.e. the 1st shrend time 180s, the time of the 1st air cooling is 20s; The 2nd shrend time 120s; The time of the 2nd air cooling is 15s, the 3rd shrend time 80s, and the 3rd air cooling is to room temperature; Be higher than required value according to the mechanical property apart from surperficial 1/2R place behind this technology quench cooled and the high tempering, and do not have the cracking generation.
Embodiment 2
adopt the thick microalloyed steel of M Q-P-T art breading 50mm to roll plate accessory, and M Q-P-T procedure arrangement is after milling train.Requirement tensile strength and surrender of 1/4 section thickness from the surface to thickness of material after M Q-P-T art breading confirms to be higher than certain index (promptly requiring to obtain with the tempered martensite is main tissue); Simultaneously requirement has been proposed for unit elongation and low-temperature impact toughness; Adopt the quick refrigerative mode of traditional primary spray the long plate surface appearance cracking that rolls cooling time can occur, cooling time, too short performance index did not reach the problem of requirement.
present embodiment adopts M Q-P-T technology to solve this problem.Realize that the medium that cooling is fast adopted is a water; Realize that the medium that slowly cooling is adopted is an air; Fast cooling is to arrange several sections can realize quick refrigerative strong cooling section (spray water or wear water) at the back at milling train, arranges one section can realize slow refrigerative air cooling zone at the back at each strong cooling section.
according to parameters such as the isothermal transformation cooling curve (TTT curve) of workpiece material and interface heat exchange coefficient to workpiece in the temperature field of process of cooling, tissue and stress/strain field carry out numerical simulation; According to numerical simulation result; Confirm apart from surperficial 0-10mm layer, 10-15mm layer the M Q-P-T technology that Q-P-T changes to take place respectively, i.e. the 1st shrend time 50s, the time of the 1st air cooling is 8s; The 2nd shrend time 40s; The 2nd air cooling be to room temperature, according to after this technology quench cooled in that the mechanical property in 1/4 thickness area is higher than required value along the cross section far from the surface, and do not have cracking and produce.
Embodiment 3
The H13 plug of M Q-P-T art breading diameter 300mm is adopted in
; The surperficial 1/2R of distance of requirement material after M Q-P-T art breading (R is the radius of axle) locates to such an extent that mechanical property is higher than certain value, adopts the polymer class water-soluble medium to combine this product of M Q-P-T art breading.
at first, according to parameters such as the isothermal transformation cooling curve (TTT curve) of workpiece material and interface heat exchange coefficient to workpiece in the temperature field of process of cooling, tissue and stress/strain field carry out numerical simulation, according to numerical simulation result; Confirm apart from surperficial 0-20mm layer, 20-55mm layer, 55-65mm layer, 65-75mm layer the M Q-P-T technology that Q-P-T changes is taking place respectively; I.e. the 1st shrend time 300s, the time of the 1st air cooling is 120s, the 2nd shrend time 600s; The time of the 2nd air cooling is 180s; The 3rd shrend time 480s, the time of the 3rd air cooling is 180s, the 4th shrend time 480s; The 4th air cooling is to advance tempering stove about 250 ℃ to carry out tempering to surface temperature, meets the requirements by product performance after this art breading.
can be found out from the foregoing description; The present invention is through realizing workpiece in quick refrigerative medium and can realize repeatedly alternately cooling in the slow refrigerative medium; In the alternately cooling of the gentle slow cool down of each cooling fast, realize the Q-P-T technological process, martensitic transformation and rich carbon residual austenite generate and are progressively advanced to internal layer by the top layer in this technology.The present invention can be used for the quench cooled of all kinds of mechanical structured members of microalloyed steel that material is various compositions or steel alloy, the slab that rolls back direct quenching and all kinds of large size shaped steel and handle.The application of technology of the present invention has realized that large-size workpiece avoiding significantly improving intensity and flexible target under the rimose prerequisite.
will be appreciated that above-mentioned description should not be considered to limitation of the present invention although content of the present invention has been done detailed introduction through above-mentioned preferred embodiment.After those skilled in the art have read foregoing, for multiple modification of the present invention with to substitute all will be conspicuous.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited appended claim.
Claims (4)
1. circulating quenching-distribution-tempering process more than a kind; It is characterized in that: heavy in section workpiece is partly become a plurality of zones along the cross section from the surface to the heart; Isothermal transformation cooling curve and interface heat exchange coefficient parameter according to this workpiece material are carried out numerical simulation to workpiece in temperature field, tissue field and the stress/strain field of process of cooling, and many circulating quenchings-distribution-tempering process of confirming this workpiece is a M Q-P-T technology; According to the M Q-P-T technology of confirming; Workpiece can realized quick refrigerative medium and can realized repeatedly alternately cooling in the slow refrigerative medium; In the alternately cooling of the gentle slow cool down of each cooling fast, realize that quenching-distribution-tempering process is the Q-P-T technological process, martensitic transformation and rich carbon residual austenite generate and are progressively advanced to internal layer by the top layer in this technology.
2. many circulating quenchings according to claim 1-distribution-tempering process is characterized in that operating according to following steps:
(1) heavy in section workpiece is partly become a plurality of zones along the cross section from the surface to the heart: the h1 layer be top layer, h2 layer be internal layer 1, h3 layer be internal layer 2 ... The hn layer is a heart portion; Isothermal transformation cooling curve and interface heat exchange coefficient parameter according to workpiece material are carried out numerical simulation to workpiece in temperature field, tissue field and the stress/strain field of process of cooling; Through simulate confirm h1 layer, h2 layer, h3 layer ... The technology that Q-P-T changes, i.e. M Q-P-T technology take place in the hm layer;
(2) technological process of Q-P-T technology is for the first time: with workpiece quench cooled in h1 layer realization Q-P-T technology in realizing the quick refrigerative medium or the type of cooling; This moment, the h1 layer of workpiece was cooled to the Tq temperature range; Portion of tissue generation martensitic transformation; Workpiece is inserted the distribution-drawing process that realizes the h1 layer tissue that spreads out of that speed of cooling relies on internal heat slowly in medium or the type of cooling subsequently, to obtain tempered martensite and the rich carbon residual austenite of part;
(3) technological process of Q-P-T technology is for the second time: after the first time, the Q-P-T technological process finished; Once more workpiece is can realize realizing in the quick refrigerative medium or the type of cooling quench cooled of the Q-P-T technology of h2 layer; This moment, the Q-P-T transition process took place in the top layer of workpiece; Cooling off the h1 layer once more fast has the part residual austenite to change martensite into; But self-tempering has taken place and has had part high-carbon residual austenite residual in the martensite of Q-P-T process transformation for the first time; Quick once more cooling has reduced the tearing tendency of h1 layer; This quick cooling makes the high temperature austenite attitude tissue of h2 layer be cooled to the Tq temperature range and martensitic transformation takes place, and is inserted the distribution-drawing process that realizes the h2 layer tissue that spreads out of that speed of cooling relies on internal heat slowly in medium or the type of cooling at workpiece subsequently, makes the austenite richness carbon around established martenaging martempering and the h2 layer martensite;
(4) according to above-mentioned same mode realize successively h3 layer, h4 layer ..., the hn layer the Q-P-T technological process.
3. many circulating quenchings according to claim 1 and 2-distribution-tempering process is characterized in that: said technology is used for the quench cooled of all kinds of mechanical structured members of microalloyed steel that material is various compositions or steel alloy, the slab that rolls back direct quenching and all kinds of large size shaped steel and handles.
4. many circulating quenchings according to claim 1 and 2-distribution-tempering process is characterized in that: the multicycle number of times of said technology is confirmed according to the performance requriements of the composition of material, sectional dimension, workpiece.
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Cited By (12)
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| CN102586571A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-18 | 重庆宗学重工机械股份有限公司 | Quenching processing method for main shaft of fan |
| CN102912092A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-02-06 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | After-forging waste heat isothermal normalizing technology for 42CrMo steel extra large size bearing ring forge piece |
| CN103397148A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-11-20 | 上海交通大学 | Method for formulating water-air alternate time-controlled quenching process |
| WO2015043060A1 (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2015-04-02 | 北大方正集团有限公司 | Non-quenched and tempered steel and manufacturing method therefor |
| WO2015043059A1 (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2015-04-02 | 北大方正集团有限公司 | Non-quenched and tempered steel and manufacturing method therefor |
| WO2015043061A1 (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2015-04-02 | 北大方正集团有限公司 | Non-quenched and tempered steel and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN105779708A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-07-20 | 上海人本集团有限公司 | Thermal treatment process for high-carbon chromium bearing steel |
| CN106555033A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-04-05 | 扬州大学 | A kind of medium carbon steel residual forging heat isothermal normalizing processing method |
| CN107642334A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-01-30 | 成立 | Multilayer carbonization quenching crushes and boring tool and its manufacture craft |
| CN108431167A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-08-21 | 安赛乐米塔尔公司 | The method of nonmetallic or metal heat transfer |
| CN110699605A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-01-17 | 湖南人文科技学院 | Heat treatment method for reducing residual stress of hot-rolled strip steel |
| CN110863169A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-03-06 | 河南科技大学 | Heat treatment optimization method for carburizing steel bearing ring |
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| CN102586571B (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2014-03-26 | 重庆宗学重工机械股份有限公司 | Quenching processing method for main shaft of fan |
| CN102586571A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-18 | 重庆宗学重工机械股份有限公司 | Quenching processing method for main shaft of fan |
| CN102912092A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-02-06 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | After-forging waste heat isothermal normalizing technology for 42CrMo steel extra large size bearing ring forge piece |
| CN103397148A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-11-20 | 上海交通大学 | Method for formulating water-air alternate time-controlled quenching process |
| CN103397148B (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2014-12-24 | 上海交通大学 | Method for formulating water-air alternate time-controlled quenching process |
| WO2015043060A1 (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2015-04-02 | 北大方正集团有限公司 | Non-quenched and tempered steel and manufacturing method therefor |
| WO2015043059A1 (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2015-04-02 | 北大方正集团有限公司 | Non-quenched and tempered steel and manufacturing method therefor |
| WO2015043061A1 (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2015-04-02 | 北大方正集团有限公司 | Non-quenched and tempered steel and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN108431167A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-08-21 | 安赛乐米塔尔公司 | The method of nonmetallic or metal heat transfer |
| US11118091B2 (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2021-09-14 | Arcelormittal | Method of a heat transfer of a non-metallic or metallic item |
| CN105779708A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-07-20 | 上海人本集团有限公司 | Thermal treatment process for high-carbon chromium bearing steel |
| CN106555033A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-04-05 | 扬州大学 | A kind of medium carbon steel residual forging heat isothermal normalizing processing method |
| CN107642334A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-01-30 | 成立 | Multilayer carbonization quenching crushes and boring tool and its manufacture craft |
| CN110863169A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-03-06 | 河南科技大学 | Heat treatment optimization method for carburizing steel bearing ring |
| CN110699605A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-01-17 | 湖南人文科技学院 | Heat treatment method for reducing residual stress of hot-rolled strip steel |
| CN110699605B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-05-18 | 湖南人文科技学院 | Heat treatment method for reducing residual stress of hot-rolled strip steel |
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