CN1247802C - Method for heat treatment of train wheel with improved turning ability - Google Patents
Method for heat treatment of train wheel with improved turning ability Download PDFInfo
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- CN1247802C CN1247802C CN 02113182 CN02113182A CN1247802C CN 1247802 C CN1247802 C CN 1247802C CN 02113182 CN02113182 CN 02113182 CN 02113182 A CN02113182 A CN 02113182A CN 1247802 C CN1247802 C CN 1247802C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for the heat treatment of rolled steel vehicle wheels for railways. A vehicle wheel in a high-temperature state of an austenite region is prepared in a water spray cooling mode under the temperature of natural environment, which enables wheel treading surface temperature to cool to 550 to 600 DGE. C; water is stopped to spray, and the vehicle wheel is fixedly arranged until the surface temperature rises within 650 to 720 DEG C, or when the surface temperature is cooled within 650 to 720 DEG C, the wheel treading surface is forced to cool by water spray in a forced cooling mode. The method can obviously improve the turning performance of the vehicle wheels, and simultaneously overcomes the disadvantages of vehicle wheels made by the prior art of poor fatigue strength and wearability, and short middle and later stage service life of the vehicle wheels.
Description
Technical field
The claimed technical scheme of the present invention belongs to railway with rolling over this technical field of steel solid wheel thermal treatment.
Background technology
Along with transportation by railroad at a high speed, heavily loaded direction develops and the widespread use of high duty rails, the demand of processing wheel entirely constantly increases, contact fatigue strength, the wear resistance in order to improve wheel simultaneously requires also further to improve to the hardness of wheel.The hardness technique means that improves at present both at home and abroad train wheel generally all is: after the heating of train wheel austenitizing, directly to the cooling of spraying water continuously of tread or tread and outer side thereof, the characteristics of gained material are: the wheel rim surface hardness is the highest; Steeper by tread to inner hardness gradient; The surface easily produces non-pearlitic structure.And the high rigidity and the non-pearly-lustre on surface are organized the turning ability variation that all makes wheel; The turning difficulty increases, and cutter consumption increases, and the labour productivity of mechanical workout reduces.In addition, because mechanical workout has been removed the partially hardened layer of wheel working position, wheel initial stage working position hardness is lower, thereby obviously reduces work-ing life.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to improve the turning ability of wheel, can improve the contact fatigue strength and the wear resistance of wheel simultaneously, prolongs work-ing life wheel intermediary and later stages.
Technical solution of the present invention is: prepare a wheel that remains on the condition of high temperature of austenite region, under the physical environment temperature, adopt water spray refrigerative mode, make the wheel tread surface temperature be chilled to 550-600 ℃, stop water spray, this section water spray is advisable within second at 20-25 cooling time, form a layer thickness on the tread top layer of wheel this moment is that 5-8mm is thicker, the pearlitic structure of hardness below 270HB, simultaneously under the tread 5-8mm with the scope of the interior i.e. metal temperature on inferior surface at 650-700 ℃, leave standstill wheel to surface temperature when going back up between 650-720 ℃, this moment, perlitic transformation did not take place than nobleness in the wheel rim internal temperature, force the water spray cooling that the wheel tread surface temperature is being cooled within 240 seconds below 350 ℃ to tread again, the wheel rim interior metal will be cooled to below 550 ℃, the rate of cooling that also is the wheel rim interior metal is between 2-15 ℃/s, water spray finishes the highest rise temperature in rear rim surface and is not higher than 470 ℃, thereby makes wheel rim interior metal formative tissue thinner, the pearlitic structure of hardness more than 270HB.And can avoid the wheel tread surface abnormal structures such as bainite or martensite to occur.
Another equivalent way of the present invention is: the mode that adopts air blast cooling under the physical environment temperature, in the time of can making the wheel tread surface temperature be cooled to 650-720 ℃, stop air-cooled, the air-cooled time is advisable between second at 350-370, because air-cooled speed is slower, form a layer thickness on the tread top layer of wheel this moment is the thicker of 5-8mm, the pearlitic structure of hardness below 270HB, this moment, perlitic transformation did not take place than nobleness in the internal layer temperature of wheel rim, force the water spray cooling that the wheel tread surface temperature is being cooled within the 240s below 350 ℃ to tread again, water spray finishes the highest rise temperature in rear rim surface and is not higher than 470 ℃.
The present invention utilizes and a kind of the new heat treating method of train wheel has been solved contradiction between existing in prior technology turning processing and the material hardness, therefore has following positively effect: one, characteristics of the present invention are to form the not too high pearlitic structure of one deck hardness earlier on the wheel tread top layer, improve the turning ability of wheel, improve the mechanical workout work efficiency, reduce the cutter loss.They are two years old, heat treating method provided by the present invention, utilize wheel to contact the lower characteristics of initial stage tread surface hardness with tread at rail, make tread produce distortion in a small amount to obtain ideal wheel track coupling geometric relationship as early as possible, reduce the maximum contact stress that tread bears, wheel is suitable for mating with wheel track.Its three, wheel heat treatment process provided by the invention can be at the wheel tread subsurface, promptly the wheel zone of bearing maximum contact stress obtains higher hardness, thereby improves the anti-contact fatigue property of wheel, prolongs the work-ing life of wheel intermediary and later stages.Its four, wheel heat treatment process provided by the invention, can make the wheel rim interior metal in process of cooling fast by the Ar3-Ar1 temperature range, both can improve strengthening effect, can reduce water spraying time again, reduce the heat treated cost of wheel.They are five years old, wheel heat treatment process provided by the invention, before tread surface being forced the water spray cooling, owing to formed one deck pearlitic structure on the tread top layer earlier, the wheel tread top layer abnormal structures such as bainite, martensite can not occur in forcing process of cooling, obtains pearlitic structure completely.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cooling curve of the wheel when implementing optimal way 1, and Fig. 2 is the cooling curve of the wheel when implementing optimal way 2.Among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 shown in the solid line is the cooling curve at tread 20mm place, and shown in the dotted line is the cooling curve at 5mm place.
Fig. 3 is a wheel rim section hardness test distribution curve of implementing optimal way 1.Fig. 4 is a wheel rim section hardness test distribution curve of implementing optimal way 2.Fig. 5 utilizes prior art thermal treatment rear wheel wheel rim section hardness test distribution curve.
Label is that 1 curve is meant the wheel rim hardness curve among Fig. 3,4,5, from the selected measuring position of the wheel rim of distance wheel rim medial surface 16mm, to wheel center of circle directional survey; Label is that 2 curve is meant the tread hardness curve, select the measuring position to wheel center of circle directional survey from the tread of distance wheel rim medial surface 70mm, label is that 3 curve is the facies digitales laterales manus hardness curve, measures to wheel rim inside vertically from the outer side of distance tread 32mm
Fig. 5 specimen is the train wheel of the HDS specification of Ma'anshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd's production and sales
Data among each figure all adopt the arithmetical av of 10 test specimens.
Embodiment
Below each optimal way and the used wheel composition of comparative sample be: C:0.62, Si:0.29, Mn:0.74, P:0.018, S:0.003, all the other: trace.
Optimal way 1: will remain on the train wheel of the condition of high temperature of austenite region, and place horizontal quenching platform.In the wheel rotary course, to the tread cooling of spraying water, 20-25 second cooling time, record the following certain temperature range of austenite transformation temperature that temperature is as cold as this steel with the thermopair that is embedded in 5mm place under the tread in advance, definite saying is 595-610 ℃, stop water spray, this moment, the tread surface temperature was between 550-565 ℃, formed the thick pearlitic structure of one deck 5-8mm earlier on the wheel tread top layer.After stopping water spray, wheel leaves standstill 60-70 and utilizes the thermal conduction of the high-temperature zone of wheel rim inside that skin temperature is gone up second, established pearlitic structure is played ramollescence, when ging up to 650-720 ℃ with the surface temperature of temperature measurer inspection vehicle wheel tread, this moment, the wheel rim internal temperature was still higher, and perlitic transformation does not take place as yet.Then make the wheel rotation, with being configured in wheel tread one group of shower nozzle on every side, water is sprayed to wheel tread, be 200s cooling time, make the wheel rim interior metal quicken to be cooled to below 550 ℃, cooling curve as shown in Figure 1, thereby, hardness higher pearlitic structure thin in the following formative tissue of the sublayer of wheel tread.Cooling rear wheel tread surface temperature is less than 300 ℃, and the highest rise temperature is between 390-400 ℃.The Hardness Distribution in thermal treatment rear wheel wheel rim transverse section as shown in Figure 3.
Mechanical property is as shown in the table, the arithmetical av of 10 test specimens of The data.
| Yield strength, Mpa | Tensile strength, Mpa | Unit elongation, % | Reduction of area, % |
| 710 | 1060 | 14 | 30 |
Optimal way 2: the heat treating method step is, will remain on the wheel of the condition of high temperature of austenite region, places on the horizontal quenching platform.In the wheel rotary course, carry out air-cooled to tread, the following certain temperature range of austenite transformation temperature that makes it be chilled to this steel with the surface temperature of temperature measurer inspection vehicle wheel tread, definite says it is to have utilized the time tread surface temperature of 350-370 second to be reduced to 655-670 ℃, form the pearlitic structure of a layer thickness earlier at 5-8mm on the wheel tread top layer, because air-cooled speed is slower, formed pearlitic structure is thick slightly, and hardness is lower.This moment, the wheel rim internal temperature was still higher, and perlitic transformation does not also take place.Then make the wheel rotation, with being configured in wheel tread one group of shower nozzle on every side, water is sprayed to wheel tread, be 200 seconds cooling time, make the wheel rim interior metal quicken to be cooled to below 550 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 2-15 ℃/s, cooling curve as shown in Figure 2, thereby, hardness higher pearlitic structure thin in the following formative tissue of the sublayer of wheel tread.Cooling rear wheel tread surface temperature is between 300-320 ℃, and when the highest rise temperature was 460-470 ℃, the Hardness Distribution in thermal treatment rear wheel wheel rim transverse section as shown in Figure 4.
Mechanical property is as shown in the table.The arithmetical av of 10 test specimens of The data.
| Yield strength, Mpa | Tensile strength, Mpa | Unit elongation, % | Reduction of area, % |
| 695 | 1040 | 16 | 33 |
Comprehensive above embodiment comparison diagram 5 can be found, utilize the tread top layer of the Wheel Steel that the present invention obtains to organize for ferrite-pearlite, hardness is lower, and the following position hardness of tread 5-8mm is the highest, reduce gradually again toward heart portion, return to hot rolling attitude firmness level at last.This tissue is a kind of structure that is very suitable for wheel, because the mechanics angle analysis that contacts with wheel track from wheel, the maximum contact stress that wheel is subjected to is at wheel surface, but under tread about 5mm.After the wheel tread turning processing of prior art, the initial stage, the position of contact stress maximum was in the lower zone of hardness, makes wheel be easy to generate incipient fatigue damage when using.And structure of the present invention makes the easy turning in top layer of wheel process, and the zone that can make wheel bear maximum stress after the turning processing obtains maximum hardness.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of method for heat treatment of train wheel that improves turning ability, it is characterized in that: prepare a wheel that remains on the condition of high temperature of austenite region, under the physical environment temperature, adopt water spray refrigerative mode, make the wheel tread surface temperature be chilled to 550-600 ℃, stop water spray, leave standstill wheel to surface temperature when going back up between 650-720 ℃, again tread is forced the water spray cooling, the wheel tread surface temperature is being cooled within 240 seconds below 350 ℃, and the highest rise temperature is not higher than 470 ℃.
2, a kind of method for heat treatment of train wheel that improves turning ability according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: prepare a wheel that remains on the condition of high temperature of austenite region, stop water spray at water spray cooling 20-25 under the physical environment temperature after second.
3, a kind of method for heat treatment of train wheel that improves turning ability, it is characterized in that: prepare a wheel that remains on the condition of high temperature of austenite region, under the physical environment temperature, adopt the mode of air blast cooling, make the cooling of wheel tread surface temperature in the time of 650-720 ℃, stop air-cooled, again tread is forced the water spray cooling, wheel rim wheel tread surface temperature is being cooled within 240 seconds below 350 ℃, the highest rise temperature is not higher than 470 ℃.
4, a kind of method for heat treatment of train wheel that improves turning ability according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: prepare a wheel that remains on the condition of high temperature of austenite region, after the time of air-cooled 350-370 second under the physical environment temperature, stop air-cooled.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02113182 CN1247802C (en) | 2002-06-18 | 2002-06-18 | Method for heat treatment of train wheel with improved turning ability |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02113182 CN1247802C (en) | 2002-06-18 | 2002-06-18 | Method for heat treatment of train wheel with improved turning ability |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1420030A CN1420030A (en) | 2003-05-28 |
| CN1247802C true CN1247802C (en) | 2006-03-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 02113182 Expired - Fee Related CN1247802C (en) | 2002-06-18 | 2002-06-18 | Method for heat treatment of train wheel with improved turning ability |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101270408B (en) * | 2008-03-04 | 2010-06-02 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Thermal treatment method for high-carbon steel train wheel circular rim surface and heat treatment apparatus |
| CN101818235B (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2011-08-03 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of rough-rolled tyre for railway locomotive |
| CN101818236B (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2011-08-31 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing high carbon steel wheel |
| CN102994719A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-03-27 | 高金菊 | Heat treatment method of train wheel |
| CN113403466A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-09-17 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Production method for eliminating steel rail decarburized layer structure abnormality |
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- 2002-06-18 CN CN 02113182 patent/CN1247802C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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