CN1012622B - Method for mfg. steel through smelting reduction - Google Patents
Method for mfg. steel through smelting reductionInfo
- Publication number
- CN1012622B CN1012622B CN 87103881 CN87103881A CN1012622B CN 1012622 B CN1012622 B CN 1012622B CN 87103881 CN87103881 CN 87103881 CN 87103881 A CN87103881 A CN 87103881A CN 1012622 B CN1012622 B CN 1012622B
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- molten metal
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- blown
- molten
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- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for producing molten steel. The present invention is characterized in that ironstone and coal are continuously added into metal molten liquid of which the carbon content is 1% or a little lower, and meanwhile, oxygen is blown to metal molten liquid by an oxygen lance. When the operation is performed, metal molten liquid of which the flow quantity is from 0.05 to 0.5 Nm3 /minute/ton passes through a nozzle at the bottom of the furnace to blow stirring gas into the metal molten liquid. Slag and molten steel produced continuously or orderly are poured out.
Description
What the present invention relates to is the smelting reduction steelmaking process, particularly be in molten metal, to add iron ore and coal, and be blown into the method for oxygen.
Recently, recommend and developed variously without blast furnace, and the direct method for making steel of melting and reducing iron ore replaces adopting traditional iron and steel smelting process of blast furnace and converter with this.
For example, day disclosure special permission communique (KOKAI), application number No16611/81 is filed an application by U.S. Mead Simon Rex company, introduces out a kind of method, it is characterized in that:
A) reducing gas of croci with heat contacted, be reduced into the ferrous metal solid particulate;
B) the indoor of molten iron bath arranged in mineral fuel and oxygen are sprayed into, whereby, molten iron is by melting, and mineral fuel are gasified.Above-mentioned indoor, pneumatolysis makes mineral fuel produce hot waste gas; And
C) Re waste gas through cooling off and heating, becomes the reducing gas of heat.
Yet this method comprises the process of producing reduced iron.Because its facility investment expense costliness, at present, this method is difficult to realize scale operation.
Recommended another kind of method, it is characterized in that:
A) molten iron production process pre-reducing furnace of no use; And
B) iron ore is added iron bath, then, molten iron is reduced into molten steel.
In this method, the iron bath reducing power is lower, because the carbon content in the iron bath is 1% or lower.Therefore, add the iron ore in the iron bath,, be difficult to successfully reduce although also by melting.This shows that the shortcoming of this method be that not only the throughput of stove is low, and the inwall refractory corrosion is serious.That is uneconomic.
Purpose of the present invention aims to provide a kind of method of steel-making, it is characterized in that, by reducing iron ore expeditiously, can directly produce steel from iron ore.
According to the present invention, a kind of method for making steel of smelting reduction is provided, this method may further comprise the steps:
In the reactor of converter type, the preparation carbon content is 0.05 to 1.0% molten metal.
On molten metal, put into iron ore and coal continuously, simultaneously, with 0.05 to 1.0Nm
3/ minute, the flow of T is blown into stirring gas, and wherein, T represents 1 ton of molten metal, and to molten metal oxygen blast gas, makes reduction of iron ore; And
The slag and the molten steel that produce are poured out.
With reference to accompanying drawing, according to following detailed description, other purpose and advantage of the present invention is just apparent.
Fig. 1 is according to the employed device synoptic diagram of method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is according to the present invention, the graph of relation between the carbon content of molten iron and the unit coal consumption;
Fig. 3 is according to the present invention, the carbon content of molten iron and the graph of relation between the post-combustion rate;
Fig. 4 is according to the present invention, the graph of relation between bottom blowing tolerance and the unit coal consumption;
Fig. 5 is according to the present invention, the graph of relation between bottom blowing tolerance and the post-combustion rate; And
Fig. 6 is the graphic representation according to various operating results of the present invention.
Now carry out the preferred example introduction by means of each figure, Fig. 1 schematically illustrates according to the employed device of method for making steel of the present invention.Number on Fig. 1 is represented respectively, 1-top bottom blowing converter type reactor; 2-is contained in the molten metal in the reactor; 3-floats over the slag on the molten metal 2; 4-goes into used oxygen rifle in the reactor 1 interior metallic solution 2 to the hyperbaric oxygen air-blowing; 5-is blown into microgas at the furnace bottom nozzle of molten metal 2; And 6-tap hole.
At first, the reactor 1 of packing into from the next molten iron of blast furnace.With oxygen rifle 4 oxygen blast in container, make the metallic solution 2 of molten steel decarburization to prepare carbon content≤1, because, the carbon content of this molten iron (as mother liquor) high about 4%.After this step, continue to the molten metal oxygen blast with oxygen rifle 4, when being blown into oxygen, continuously iron ore, together with melting and reducing iron ore institute must quantity coal and the flux of controlling basicity of slag be loaded into.In addition, in above-mentioned charging,, be blown into molten metal stirring gas from furnace bottom nozzle 5; And by oxygen rifle 4, to the molten metal oxygen blast.Draw off from going out network interface 6 continuously by molten steel and slag that oxygen blast produced.
In this preferred example, make the mother metal liquation with molten iron.Yet, when the carbon content of mother metal solution be 1% or lower the time, the mother metal liquation does not need decarburization.In this case, iron ore and flux are added in the molten metal, and in molten metal, are blown into oxygen and stir gas.
Use iron ore, reduced iron and steel scrap are as iron-bearing materials.Can use Wingdale and rhombspar as flux.Can use argon, nitrogen, the technology waste gas that oxygen and reactor 1 are produced mixes gas.
Preferably, continuously or termly molten metal that is produced and slag are poured out, so that maintain a certain distance between the end of oxygen rifle 4 and the molten metal horizontal plane.Otherwise bad variation can take place in the state that is blown into oxygen by oxygen rifle 4, and this is because of adding iron ore continuously in reactor 1, and the cause that the smelting reduction of iron ore constantly raises the liquid level of molten metal.
Referring now to accompanying drawing, illustrate that requiring the carbon content of molten metal 2 why at pack into iron ore and coal is 1% or lower reason.
Shown in Fig. 2 is that it shows, some changing conditions that concern between the carbon content in unit coal consumption and the molten metal according to the test-results of the present invention's operation.When carbon content be 1% or lower the time, the unit coal consumption reduces.If carbon content is 0.7% or lower, it is more that the unit coal consumption just can reduce.This can find out significantly that from Fig. 3 Fig. 3 explanation is for melting and reducing iron ore, when the bottom blowing nitrogen amount is 0.2Nm
3During/minute/ton metallic solution, the variation that concerns between the carbon content of post-combustion rate and molten metal 2.
Provide post-combustion rate by following chemical formula, as the composition ratio of discharging gas from reactor 1:
Under the situation of the secondary combustion of representing by following formula:
When the carbon content of metallic solution is so big, to cause CO
2React when generating CO with C in the metallic solution, post-combustion rate does not increase.Therefore, coal consumption increases.If the carbon content of molten metal is 1% or lower, post-combustion rate improves, and secondary combustion heat is effectively utilized.So just reduced coal consumption amount.If carbon content is 0.7% or lower, post-combustion rate is just improved better.
By changing the ratio of oxygen and the coal of supplying with molten metal 2 continuously, just can make the carbon content of molten metal 2 controlled, make it remain on required level.Increase the carbon content of molten metal by reducing by the represented ratio of " amount of oxygen "/" coal amount ", simultaneously, can reduce carbon content by improving above-mentioned ratio.Best carbon content in the metallic solution is 0.05% or higher slightly.If carbon content descends, C becomes than the easier oxidation of Fe, simultaneously, and FeO in slag and Fe
2O
3Increase.So just be easy to produce splash.In addition, because a large amount of Fe is oxidized, iron output descends.
Specifically with reference to Fig. 4, existing explanation is to be equal to or greater than 0.05Nm
3The flow of/minute/ton molten metal is blown into the necessity that stirs gas.
According to the result of trial trip, Fig. 4 illustrates bottom blown gas (Nm
3/ minute ton molten metal) the various variations of relation and between the unit coal consumption (kilogram/ton steel).In this operation, bottom blown gas is a nitrogen.On behalf of carbon content in the molten metal, A line and B line be about 0.2% and 2% o'clock changing conditions respectively.When bottom blowing tolerance is 0.05Nm
3/ ton molten metal or bigger the time, the unit coal consumption may reduce, and irrelevant with the carbon content of molten metal.If bottom blowing tolerance is 0.1Nm
3/ ton molten metal or bigger, the unit coal consumption of minimizing is just more desirable.This can find out significantly from Fig. 5, shown in Fig. 5 be, when the temperature of molten metal 2 in the reactor 1 reaches 1600 ℃, the changing conditions that concerns between post-combustion rate and the bottom blowing tolerance.On behalf of carbon content, A line and B line be about 0.2% and 2% o'clock changing conditions respectively.This figure recognizes people, when bottom blowing tolerance is 0.05Nm
3/ minute ton molten metal or when higher, post-combustion rate increases.Be under 0.2% the situation in carbon content, it is 2% situation that the raising of post-combustion rate is much higher than carbon content.When carbon content be 0.2% and bottom blowing tolerance be 0.1Nm
3/ minute ton molten metal or bigger the time, post-combustion rate will better be improved.
Bottom blowing tolerance is 1.0Nm
3/ minute/ton molten metal or lower be desirable.If should amount surpass 1.0Nm
3Splash takes place owing to producing the column air flue in/minute/ton molten metal.This situation is unfavorable to operating.In addition, in order to strengthen stirring action, stirring gas can be blown into from the nozzle on the sidewall that is contained in reactor 1 (not shown on the figure).
The coal capacity of suggestion is 500 to 800 kilograms of/ton molten steel.If coal capacity is less than 500 kilograms of/ton molten steel, the temperature of molten metal can descend inadequately because of thermal value.If coal capacity surpasses 800 kilograms/ton, the temperature of molten metal can rise too high because of thermal value is excessive.
The charge amount of also advising iron ore is 1400 to 1500 kilograms of/ton molten steel.Blowing oxygen quantity is 450 to 500Nm
3/ minute/ton molten steel is desirable.
Example
According to the result of service test, Fig. 6 illustrates the changing conditions that concerns between the carbon content of duration of blast and molten metal.In this operation, when the carbon content of mother metal liquation was 4%, according to the present invention, the iron ore decarburization thereafter, was carried out melting and reduction.
In the initial stage of blowing, only in molten metal 2, add iron ore, and coal not, simultaneously, to the molten metal oxygen blast, owing to oxygen blast makes the molten metal decarburization.The carbon content of molten metal reduces gradually, and the temperature of molten metal can rise gradually.
When the carbon content of molten metal was reduced to 0.5%, by supplying with oxygen and coal to molten metal continuously, iron ore obtained melting and reduction, and makes carbon content remain 0.5%.
Operational condition is as follows:
1450 kilograms of/ton molten steel of the charge amount of iron ore
600 kilograms of/ton molten steel of the charge amount of coal
Blowing oxygen quantity 480Nm
3/ minute/ton molten steel
Bottom blowing tolerance 0.3Nm
3/ minute/ton molten steel
During whole smelting reduction, the temperature of molten metal almost remains at 1600 ℃.
Iron ore successfully obtains melting and reduction.The carbon content of pouring out molten steel is about 0.5%.
The present invention as mentioned above, is that under this state, carbon content is 1% or lower in the mother metal liquation with pack into the converter of top bottom blowing of iron ore, simultaneously, and with 0.05Nm
3/ minute/ton metallic solution or more more flows carry out bottom blowing gas to molten metal, make the temperature of molten metal keep constant, improve post-combustion rate whereby.Can reduce unit coal consumption (kilogram/ton steel) so greatly.Therefore, the present invention can directly produce steel from iron ore effectively.In addition, constant because the temperature of molten metal keeps, the present invention can reduce the stove inwall and suffer damage.
Claims (12)
1, a kind of method of producing steel by the smelting reduction process, this method comprises following each step:
In the converter type reactor, the preparation carbon content is 0.05 to 1.0% molten metal;
Add iron ore and coal to molten metal continuously, simultaneously, with 0.05 to 1.0Nm
3/ minute/flow of T is blown into stirring gas, and wherein, T represents 1 ton of molten metal, and oxygen blast in molten metal comes reducing iron ore with this; And
The slag and the molten steel that produce are poured out.
According to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that 2, the step of above-mentioned preparation molten metal comprises oxygen blast in molten iron, so that molten steel decarburization.
According to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that 3, the step of above-mentioned preparation molten metal comprises that the preparation carbon content is 0.05 to 0.7% molten metal.
According to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that 4, the above-mentioned step that stirs gas that is blown into comprises by being arranged on the nozzle of reactor bottom, is blown into above-mentioned stirring gas.
5, according to the method for claim 1, above-mentioned stirring gas is from argon, nitrogen, and a kind of gas of selecting at least in oxygen and the one group of gas being made up of the technology waste gas that reactor produces is as microgas.
According to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that 6, the above-mentioned step that stirs gas that is blown into comprises, with 0.1 to 1.0Nm
3/ minute/ton flow be blown into microgas.
According to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that 7, above-mentioned tapping step comprises, continuously slag that is produced and molten metal is poured out.
According to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that 8, above-mentioned tapping step comprises, termly slag that is produced and molten metal is poured out.
According to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that 9, the carbon content of molten steel is 1% or lower.
According to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that 10, above-mentioned coal step comprises, with the quantity coal of 500 to 800 kilograms of/ton molten steel.
According to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that 11, the above-mentioned step that adds iron ore comprises, add iron ore with the quantity of 1400 to 1500 kilograms of/ton molten steel.
According to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that 12, above-mentioned oxygen blown step comprises, with 450 to 500Nm
3The flow of/minute/ton molten steel is blown into oxygen.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87103881 CN1012622B (en) | 1987-05-13 | 1987-05-29 | Method for mfg. steel through smelting reduction |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87106920A EP0290650B1 (en) | 1986-01-20 | 1987-05-13 | Method for manufacturing steel through smelting reduction |
| CN 87103881 CN1012622B (en) | 1987-05-13 | 1987-05-29 | Method for mfg. steel through smelting reduction |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN87103881A CN87103881A (en) | 1988-12-14 |
| CN1012622B true CN1012622B (en) | 1991-05-15 |
Family
ID=25742328
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87103881 Expired CN1012622B (en) | 1987-05-13 | 1987-05-29 | Method for mfg. steel through smelting reduction |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1012622B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104531937A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-04-22 | 山东钢铁集团淄博张钢有限公司 | Direct steelmaking process using iron ore in converter system |
-
1987
- 1987-05-29 CN CN 87103881 patent/CN1012622B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN87103881A (en) | 1988-12-14 |
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