CN203080002U - Converter vacuum smelting device - Google Patents
Converter vacuum smelting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN203080002U CN203080002U CN 201320002911 CN201320002911U CN203080002U CN 203080002 U CN203080002 U CN 203080002U CN 201320002911 CN201320002911 CN 201320002911 CN 201320002911 U CN201320002911 U CN 201320002911U CN 203080002 U CN203080002 U CN 203080002U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a converter vacuum smelting device which comprises a converter body, wherein a vacuum cover is arranged on the top of the converter body; a sliding steel tapping hole for tapping is formed in the middle of the side face of the converter body; a vacuum extraction opening is formed in the vacuum cover; a through hole is formed in the middle of the vacuum cover; an oxygen gun enters the converter body through the through hole; an oxygen gun sealing device is arranged above the vacuum cover and at the periphery of the oxygen gun; and a vacuum alloy hopper is arranged on the oxygen gun sealing device. The converter vacuum smelting device can be used for rapidly and effectively removing gas in molten steel and reducing nonmetallic inclusions and the like, and the inherent quality of steel is improved.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to field of steel-making, particularly a kind of converter vacuum metling device.
Background technology
In recent years, industries such as China's automobile, shipbuilding, freight container, petrochemical industry, electrician are in great demand to the high-quality steel.Along with being growing more intense of steel (particularly high value added product) market competition, many steel mills are for promoting product competitiveness, improve the purity of steel, improve steel performance, set up the scale operation ultra-clean steel and (referred to that the impurity total mass satisfies the iron and steel of following formula: S+P+N+H+O≤100 * 10
-6) the production system.
Converter steelmaking is in the middle-chain of ironmaking, steel rolling, and preceding operation is subjected to the restriction of blast-melted supply, and back operation will satisfy the requirement of steel rolling to variety and quality.Its main task is exactly that the molten iron that will contain more impurity reacts with the oxygen that is blown into, and reaches the purpose of decarburization, dephosphorization, desulfurization, deoxidation, removal impurity, thereby obtains satisfactory molten steel composition and temperature.Because the growth year by year of China's blast furnace throughput, existing mill production be greater than Steel Capacity, the shortage of steel scrap resource, the in short supply and electrovalent costliness of electric power has limited the development of electric-arc furnace steelmaking.Converter steelmaking from now on will be developing state, and output of steel and quality also will be looked the synchronous appropriate growth of the market requirement.
The vacuum outgas smelting technology is a kind of means of widespread use in the external refining, also be used to vacuum induction furnace, development along with vacuum technique, the expansion of the perfect and pumpage of vacuum apparatus, application in steel-making will be more and more general, be mainly used in special steels, the particularly high chromium steel that can not effectively produce in atmospheric pressure environment such as producing stainless steel at present, vacuum degassing process can not only reduce the dividing potential drop of reaction product CO, and can prevent that excessive chromium is oxidized.Use vacuum treated purpose to comprise: to remove hydrogen and oxygen, and a nitrogen content is reduced to low scope; Remove non-metallic inclusion, improve the molten steel cleanliness factor; Produce ultra low-carbon steel; Make a kind of element than other element preferential oxidations (having precedence over chromium) as carbon; Chemical heat; Control teeming temperature etc.Vacuum metling technology can be smelted molten steel in the following aspects and exerted an influence: the dissolving of (1) gas in molten steel with separate out; Decarburizing reaction during (2) with the carbon deoxidation; (3) molten steel or be dissolved in carbon in the molten steel and the reaction of furnace lining; (3) volatilization of alloying element; (4) removal of metal inclusion and non-metallic inclusion.Because the operating pressure of vacuum for industrial use is all greater than 50Pa, vacuum metling technology only produces comparatively significantly influence to reactions such as the degassing, carbon deoxidation, decarburizations.
At present, the vacuum induction furnace of using vacuum melting technique mainly is the effect of using electromagnetic induction, produces electric current at metal charge itself, relies on the resistance of metal charge itself again, according to joule---and Lenz's law converts electrical energy into heat energy, in order to smelting metal.It has following shortcoming: 1. equipment complexity, cost an arm and a leg, and investment is big; 2. maintenance is inconvenient, smelting expense height, and cost is than higher; 3. crucible refractory material pollution metal in the smelting process; 4. production lot is little, and the inspection routine amount is bigger, is difficult to be applied to large-scale industrial production.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is vacuum melting technique referred in the converter smelting of molten steel and goes, thereby effectively remove gas contents such as N in the molten steel, H, O, carrying out, minimizing metal and the nonmetal inclusion of promotion decarburization deoxygenation, raising molten steel purity, lifting quality product, enlarge the exploitation scope of high value added product.
To achieve these goals, the utility model provides a kind of converter vacuum metling device, comprises converter body 1, at the top of described converter body 1 vacuum cover 4 is installed, and has the slip tap hole 6 that is used to tap at the middle part, side of described converter body 1; On described vacuum cover 4 vacuum pumping opening 9 is arranged, the middle part of described vacuum cover 4 has through hole, and described oxygen rifle 3 enters in the described converter body 1 by this through hole; On the described vacuum cover 4, described oxygen rifle 3 around aerobic rifle tightness system 5 also is installed, on the described oxygen rifle tightness system 5 vacuum alloy hopper 7 is installed also.
In the technique scheme, the bottom of described converter body 1 also includes the argon blowing hole 8 that is used to feed argon gas.
In the technique scheme, described argon blowing hole 8 adopts the mode of the tiny micropore that distributes on gas permeable brick to realize.
Advantage of the present utility model:
1, fast, effectively remove gas in the molten steel, reduce non-metallic inclusion etc., promote the inner quality of steel.
2, accelerate the interior speed of response of converter, increase work efficiency.
3, save subsequent fine sweetening process or saving part refining time.
Description of drawings
The structural representation of vacuum converter device in Fig. 1 the utility model.
The drawing explanation
1 converter body, 2 molten iron liquid levels, 3 oxygen rifles, 4 vacuum covers
5 oxygen rifle tightness systems, 6 slip tap holes, 7 vacuum alloy hoppers
8 bottom argon blowing holes, 9 vacuum pumping opening
Embodiment
Now the utility model will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
With reference to figure 1, in one embodiment, converter vacuum metling device of the present utility model comprises converter body 1, at the top of described converter body 1 vacuum cover 4 is installed, and has the slip tap hole 6 that is used to tap at the middle part, side of described converter body 1; On described vacuum cover 4 vacuum pumping opening 9 is arranged, the middle part of vacuum cover 4 has through hole, and oxygen rifle 3 enters in the described converter body 1 by this through hole; On the described vacuum cover 4, described oxygen rifle 3 around aerobic rifle tightness system 5 also is installed, on the described oxygen rifle tightness system 5 vacuum alloy hopper 7 is installed also.
As a kind of preferred implementation, In yet another embodiment, the bottom of the converter body 1 of converter vacuum metling device of the present utility model also includes the argon blowing hole 8 that is used to feed argon gas.Described argon blowing hole 8 adopts the mode of the tiny micropore that distributes on gas permeable brick to realize that argon gas enters converter body 1 by argon blowing hole 8, during hot metal charging and tapping, only need provide minimum bottom blowing tolerance not blocked to guarantee ejiction opening, does not more have molten iron and flows out.
It more than is structure explanation to converter vacuum metling device of the present utility model.Converter vacuum metling device of the present utility model is after being blended into converter with molten iron and steel scrap; shake positive converter body 1; directly over converter body 1, add vacuum cover 4; vacuum cover 4 and the extraneous seal protection that adopts; adopt the mode that vacuumizes of mechanical type or steam-type that mechanical type or steam-type vacuum pumping are taked in converter then; its vacuum tightness is about middle vacuum state, and force value is
Then molten steel 2 is placed under the vacuum condition, insert oxygen rifle 3.Reaction between carbon and oxygen is a most important reaction: [C]+[O]=[CO] in the steelmaking process.Because vacuum condition, [C] in the molten steel, [O] balance are destroyed, have caused that the continuation of [C] and [O] is reacted, and remove oxygen in the steel by the carbon in the steel.Along with the reduction of Pco (pressure of the above CO of liquid steel level), the deoxidizing capacity of carbon sharply strengthens, and the level that the carbon in steel reaches utmost point low-carbon (LC) is 60 * 10
-6Below in addition lower.Vacuum deaeration is with the carbon deoxidation, because product is a CO gas, can residue in and stain molten steel in the steel or in the slag, in the CO bubble floating, also can stir molten steel, not only even temperature and composition are also taken obnoxious flavoures such as the hydrogen in the steel and non-metallic inclusion out of, help purify hot metal.According to Theoretical Calculation: when vacuum tightness be≤(1～10
-3) * 133.3P
a, when temperature was 1600 ℃, the equilibrium value of hydrogen was≤0.000098% in the iron liquid, the nitrogen budgets value is≤0.0016% in the iron liquid.When vacuum-treat, nitrogen needs the long time because velocity of diffusion is slow and molten steel surface enrichment active substance (as oxygen, sulphur) so it arrives liquid-vapo(u)r interface, is subjected to the restriction of dynamic conditions, DeGrain.For this reason, more excellent is: after insertion oxygen rifle 3 reacted, at the multiple blowing argon gas in converter bottom, argon gas played stirring action to molten steel, carried carbon monoxide, hydrogen, oxygen etc. simultaneously and moved rapidly to liquid-gas interface, thereby reach purpose quick, effective degassing.
In the example below, be example, the working method of converter vacuum metling device of the present utility model is described with a 50t converter vacuum metling device.
Step 1), converter body 1 is shaken to converting the iron position, converter body 1 leans forward 15--20 °, and when converting iron, converter body 1 cooperates the inclination of hot metal ladle to have a down dip gradually.
Step 2), convert iron and finish, converter body 1 is shaken to zero-bit, oxygen rifle 3 is in off working state.
Step 3), converter body 1 lean forward 20-30 ° and add steel scrap, and adding amount of scrap steel is determined according to molten iron situation, steel scrap situation.
Step 4), converter body 1 shake to blowing position.Determine the oxygen pressure regulative mode and open oxygen mode (automatic or manual) according to practical condition.Open vacuum cover 4 this moment, opens vacuum extractor, the pressure of the inner molten steel of converter top will for≤(1～10
-3) * 133.3P
a
Step 5), the position that reduces oxygen rifle 3, oxygen rifle 3 enters in the converter body 1 by the through hole on the oxygen rifle tightness system 5, oxygen point (the vertex fire position that refers to the oxygen rifle) following back igniting is opened in its arrival, and then progressively be reduced to and smelt the rifle position, determine rational oxygen supply intensity according to heat size, raw material and smelting steel grade, oxygen goes out back penetrating in the molten steel with great speed by oxygen lance spraying, thereby promotes carbon and oxygen in the molten steel to react.Oxygen supply time is controlled at 12-15min, should revise by timely adjustment oxygen supply intensity if oxygen supply time is long or too short.
When step 6), slag making, add lime by vacuum alloy hopper 7.The quality of the lime of required interpolation will reach three grades more than the product, must not be mixed with foreign impurity, must be dry, fresh, and the storage time in rainy season must not surpass 72h.Specifically, S content≤0.020% in the lime, content≤0.5% of inclusiones such as molten knurl coke.The add-on of lime should accurately be calculated according to the silicone content in the molten iron, weighing.Lime adding amount={ 2.14 * R * molten iron si content/lime effective CaO content } * 1000 * molten iron Intake Quantity t, iron block are added amount of lime and are considered by iron block 50Kg per ton, and R wherein represents the ratio of the massfraction of calcium oxide and silicon-dioxide in the final slag composition.
Step 7), oxygen are opened by the oxygen rifle and are blown 5-12 minute, accurately measure the rising situation of temperature in the stove in this course, thereby determine that the residue slag charge adds opportunity and add-on.Use reasonable rifle position, prevent to return and do and splash takes place, terminal temperature then according to ladle, put information summaries such as steel time, steel grade requirement and consider.In oxygen blown process, in order to reach the purpose that stirs molten steel, also need be at the bottom of converter blowing argon gas.In smelting process, the bottom blowing tolerance of argon gas will require to regulate according to metallurgy.During hot metal charging and the tapping, only not blocked to guarantee ejiction opening for minimum bottom blowing tolerance.In most of blowing process, because decarburizing reaction is strong, the CO bubble has enough whipping forces, so bottom blowing airshed less (as 0.04～0.06m3/ (mint)); Just descend, at this moment will strengthen the stirring of bottom blowing gas at blowing decarbonization rate in latter stage.
Step 8), take a sample and thermometric, according to the result re-blow, reinforced, confirm to reach the tapping requirement.
As a kind of preferred implementation, after the steel analysis is qualified, can before tapping, be blown into stronger bottom blowing air-flow (as 0.08～0.10m3/ (mint)), to reduce the molten bath oxygen level.
Step 9), close vacuum extractor, remove vacuum cover 4.Confirm that buggy ladle puts in place, slow grate, steel stream accurately enters through slip tap hole 6 and lifts stove rapidly after ladle is seen slag.To begin even thread by the alloy hopper during tapping to 1/4 and add alloy, tapping 3/4 adding finishes.
It should be noted last that above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to the explanation the technical solution of the utility model.Although the utility model is had been described in detail with reference to embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, the technical solution of the utility model is made amendment or is equal to replacement, the spirit and scope that do not break away from technical solutions of the utility model, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present utility model.
Claims (3)
1. a converter vacuum metling device is characterized in that, comprises converter body (1), at the top of described converter body (1) vacuum cover (4) is installed, and has the slip tap hole (6) that is used to tap at the middle part, side of described converter body (1); Vacuum pumping opening (9) is arranged on described vacuum cover (4), and the middle part of described vacuum cover (4) has through hole, and described oxygen rifle (3) enters in the described converter body (1) by this through hole; On the described vacuum cover (4), described oxygen rifle (3) around aerobic rifle tightness system (5) also is installed, vacuum alloy hopper (7) also is installed on the described oxygen rifle tightness system (5).
2. converter vacuum metling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the bottom of described converter body (1) also includes the argon blowing hole (8) that is used to feed argon gas.
3. converter vacuum metling device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described argon blowing hole (8) adopts the mode of the tiny micropore that distributes on gas permeable brick to realize.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320002911 CN203080002U (en) | 2013-01-05 | 2013-01-05 | Converter vacuum smelting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320002911 CN203080002U (en) | 2013-01-05 | 2013-01-05 | Converter vacuum smelting device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203080002U true CN203080002U (en) | 2013-07-24 |
Family
ID=48825860
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320002911 Expired - Fee Related CN203080002U (en) | 2013-01-05 | 2013-01-05 | Converter vacuum smelting device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN203080002U (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103045793A (en) * | 2013-01-05 | 2013-04-17 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Vacuum smelting device for converter and use method of vacuum smelting device |
| CN103060507A (en) * | 2013-01-06 | 2013-04-24 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Converter vacuum steelmaking method |
| CN104630412A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2015-05-20 | 苏州圣谱拉新材料科技有限公司 | Molten iron blowing straight furnace |
| CN116640937A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-08-25 | 湖北旌冶科技有限公司 | Smelting method of high-quality metal chromium |
-
2013
- 2013-01-05 CN CN 201320002911 patent/CN203080002U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103045793A (en) * | 2013-01-05 | 2013-04-17 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Vacuum smelting device for converter and use method of vacuum smelting device |
| CN103045793B (en) * | 2013-01-05 | 2015-05-06 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Vacuum smelting device for converter and use method of vacuum smelting device |
| CN103060507A (en) * | 2013-01-06 | 2013-04-24 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Converter vacuum steelmaking method |
| CN104630412A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2015-05-20 | 苏州圣谱拉新材料科技有限公司 | Molten iron blowing straight furnace |
| CN116640937A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-08-25 | 湖北旌冶科技有限公司 | Smelting method of high-quality metal chromium |
| CN116640937B (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2024-05-28 | 湖北旌冶科技有限公司 | Smelting method of high-quality metal chromium |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130724 Termination date: 20160105 |