CN101261325B - Geological advanced prediction method suitable for TBM construction - Google Patents
Geological advanced prediction method suitable for TBM construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN101261325B CN101261325B CN2008100442567A CN200810044256A CN101261325B CN 101261325 B CN101261325 B CN 101261325B CN 2008100442567 A CN2008100442567 A CN 2008100442567A CN 200810044256 A CN200810044256 A CN 200810044256A CN 101261325 B CN101261325 B CN 101261325B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a geologic forecast method which is suitable for TBM construction, belonging to the technical filed of geologic forecast; the method comprises the following steps: (1) the interior of a TBM cutter head is provided with a synchronous signal detector used for synchronously receiving signals aroused by rock-cutting of the TBM cutter head, and a reflected wave signal detectorused for receiving the reflected wave signals transmitted from the front of a TBM working surface through rock mass is arranged inside a tunnel wall rock at the back of the TBM working surface; (2) the received signals received by the two detectors are transmitted to an HSP sonic apparatus, the HSP sonic apparatus processes and analyzes the received signals and gives a geologic forecast result. The method has the advantages of synchronous process of the measurement operation and TBM operation, good suitability to TBM tunnel construction and high forecast accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geology advanced prediction technical field.What be particularly related to is a kind of geological advanced prediction method of the TBM of being suitable for construction.
Background technology
In the tunnel excavation operation, adopt TBM construction and drill bursting construction usually.The TBM construction is compared with drill bursting construction, its principal feature is that mechanization degree height, speed are fast, but it is relatively poor that geologic condition is changed adaptability, and in order to guarantee construction safety, the TBM construction is stricter more and urgent than the requirement in drill bursting construction tunnel to the requirement of geology advanced prediction technology.
With regard to geology advanced prediction technology, the geologic prediction method in drill bursting construction tunnel is more.Wherein, relatively maturation and rig-site utilization are more in " HSP horizontal acoustic waves profile method " (referring to " WuLong's Tunnel Karst geology advanced prediction complex art ", " hydrogeological engineering geology " [J], Vol.32, No.2,2005:P.96～101).This method is according to the velocity of propagation of sound wave in rock soil mass and the constituent of parameter such as amplitude and rock soil mass, density, the configuration states of elastic modulus and rock mass etc. are relevant, poorly plastid (band) is as tomography, the detrition band, the karst cave, there is tangible difference in acoustic properties in underground water zone of enrichment etc. with peripheral geologic body, show when having the interface of two kinds of different solid dielectrics in the acoustic wave propagation path, wave propagation will reflect, reflection and wave mode converting characteristic, knock the timber that inserts the test surfaces rock mass with sledgehammer during on-the-spot test and make focus, signal is passed to the triggering transducer, near triggering transducer, in the rock mass of certain distance receiving transducer is installed, be used to receive and knock the acoustic signals that sound wave that timber excites reflects through the front geological body interface, these acoustic data signals are by portable computer stores, provide the geologic prediction result after utilizing the HSP sonic apparatus that these acoustic data signals are handled and analyzed again.Need be under the TBM shut-down condition artificial excite sound waves signal of this method is so to be not suitable for the mechanizeding continuous operation be during the TBM of feature constructs.
In addition, introduced the electrical method advanced prediction technology of releasing by German GEOHYDRAULIC DATA company (being called for short the BEAM method) in " engineering geology journal " 2007 the 15th volume the 2nd phase " application of Beam advance geologic prediction technology in tunnel, bronze gong mountain " literary composition.This method is set up a protection electric field by the positive electrode A1 that is circular layout in the tunnel front; at exploring electrode A0 from the TBM workplace to tunnel depth direction emission detection electric current is installed, PEE by measuring media such as the place ahead, tunnel different quality rock mass and hole, water body, cave, tomography and resistivity data come the geological condition of the rock mass in the place ahead, tunnel is predicted.That the shortcoming one of this method is that testing apparatus is installed is complicated, need the people also to need TBM to stop work when exciting ac signal, test and the test duration long, have a strong impact on construction speed; The 2nd, because TBM is a huge machinery, test has the serious disturbance influence to electrical method for wherein a large amount of metalworks and high-tension cable.In addition, from the applicable cases of this method in the several tunnels of mainly growing up of China, the result is also not ideal in forecast.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming of prior art, for TBM construction provides a kind of easy to operation, geological advanced prediction method that accuracy rate is high.
The inventive method may further comprise the steps:
(1), a synchronizing signal wave detector that is used for receiving synchronously the acoustic signals that TBM cutter cutting rock excited is installed in that the TBM cutterhead is inner, at the tunnel surrounding that is positioned at TBM workplace rear portion a sound detector that is used to receive the reflection wave signal that the rock mass reflection of described acoustic signals through TBM workplace the place ahead produced is installed.
(2), above-mentioned two signals that wave detector received are transferred to the HSP sonic apparatus, provide the geologic prediction result after by the HSP sonic apparatus signal that is received being handled and analyzed.
The principle of work of the inventive method is as follows:
In the tunneling process of TBM, the knife disc tool cutting rock produces powerful acoustic signals.The signal of these different frequencies is propagated to all directions with the form of spherical wave.According to Huygens-Frensel principle and Fermat principle, when having the interface of two kinds of different solid dielectrics in the acoustic wave propagation path, wave propagation will reflect, reflection and wave mode are changed.TBM knife disc tool cutting rock institute excite sound waves signal one tunnel is transferred to the HSP sonic apparatus through the synchronizing signal wave detector, propagate in another road direction TBM workplace the place ahead, when running into various geologic bodies interface, wherein a part reflects, the reflection wave signal that produces is propagated to TBM workplace rear along tunnel surrounding, and the reflection wave signal wave detector that this reflection wave signal is installed in the tunnel surrounding receives and be transferred to the HSP sonic apparatus.The same with existing " HSP horizontal acoustic waves profile method ", can provide the geologic prediction result after by the HSP sonic apparatus synchronizing signal that received and reflection wave signal being handled and analyzed.
When growing apart from excavation operation, can the reflection wave signal wave detector in the country rock be moved forward in the country rock of TBM workplace rear certain distance along with the driving of TBM in good time, can receive effective reflection wave signal to guarantee the reflection wave signal wave detector.
Compare with existing tunnel geology advanced prediction method, the major advantage of the inventive method is as follows:
(1), this method is directly utilized acoustic signals that TBM knife disc tool cutting rock the excited excitation signal as system testing, do not need artificial or artificial excite sound waves signal, adopt wave detector to carry out on-site data gathering, use ripe HSP technology, make testing tool simple to operate, on-site data gathering and analysis are fast, reliably;
(2), geologic prediction and TBM work carries out synchronously, need not TBM and shuts down and cooperate, and do not take the TBM working time specially, helps giving full play to the work efficiency of TBM;
(3), this method is good to the adaptability of TBM constructing tunnel, factors such as the metal in the tunnel, power supply are little to the influence that data are gathered, at the scene special configuration external power supply etc.;
(4), according to on-the-spot test workplace country rock geologic condition, forecast distance can reach 70～120 meters;
(5), practice shows that this method forecast accuracy is better, accuracy rate is greater than 80%.
Content of the present invention further illustrates with the following Examples, but content of the present invention is not limited only to content related among the embodiment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the inventive method.
Fig. 2 is the application synoptic diagram of embodiment.
Embodiment
Present embodiment is an example with the test of the TBM1 bid section 26+054 workplace in the water-conveyance tunnel of Dahuofang Reservoir.This forecast scope: 100 meters in 26+054 workplace the place ahead (corresponding mileage 26+054～26+154).
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2.
(1), a synchronizing signal wave detector 1 that is used for receiving synchronously the acoustic signals that TBM cutter cutting rock excited is installed in that the cutterhead 3 of TBM is inner, install one at a side haunch country rock 4 that is positioned at TBM workplace rear portion and be used to receive described acoustic signals reflects the reflection wave signal that is produced through the rock mass in TBM workplace the place ahead sound detector 2, the particular location of wave detector 2 is as the criterion can receive effective reflection wave signal, does not have strict distance limit.Wave detector 1 and wave detector 2 are selected commercially available conventional seismoreceiver for use, and model is 50～100Hz.
(2), the signal output part with above-mentioned two wave detectors is connected to the HSP sonic apparatus.The HSP sonic apparatus adopts the ZGS-1610 type intelligence engineering of Southwest Research Institute of China Railway Engineering Corporation development to survey sonic apparatus and surveys the supporting interpretation software of sonic apparatus with ZGS-1610 type intelligence engineering.
(3), TBM starts working, development machine knife disc tool cutting rock institute excite sound waves signal one tunnel is transferred to the HSP sonic apparatus through synchronizing signal wave detector 1, propagate in another road direction TBM development machine workplace the place ahead, when running into geological interface, reflect to form reflection wave, along the reflection wave signal that tunnel surrounding is propagated to TBM workplace rear, be installed in the HSP sonic apparatus that reflection wave signal wave detector 2 receives and is transferred in the tunnel surrounding.The same with existing " HSP horizontal acoustic waves profile method ", by the HSP sonic apparatus synchronizing signal and the reflection wave signal that are received are handled, obtain the original waveform curve.The technician to this collection in worksite to the original waveform curve carry out time and frequency domain analysis, draw following forecast result: at present have four unfavorable geology locations in the 100 meters scopes in workplace the place ahead, respectively 10～26 meters (corresponding mileage 26+064～26+080), 31～36 meters (corresponding mileage 26+085～26+090), 50～71 meters (corresponding mileage 26+104～26+125) and 82～92 meters (corresponding mileage 26+136～26+146) apart from workplace the place ahead.According to the actual conditions that construction and excavation discloses, the result has carried out good checking to this forecast: 26+054～26+065 section rock crushing, and poor stability, dry anhydrous, joint fissure is grown; 26+065～fragmentation～fragmentation of 26+106 section rock mass, less stable, dry anhydrous.
(4), when treating that development machine tunnels about 60 meters forward, wave detector 2 is moved forward 60 meters and be installed in the tunnel surrounding, carry out the tracking geologic prediction, draw the forecast result and be: 26+109～26+130 and 26+135～26+145 section rock crushing.This forecast forecasts that the result is suitable substantially with this section the first time.Actual excavation checking result is: 26+106～26+140 section rock crushing, and dry anhydrous.
Analysis-by-synthesis forecast result and excavation checking situation, the rate of accuracy reached to 84% that adopts this method to forecast can be applicable to the TBM construction fully.
Claims (1)
1. one kind is suitable for the geological advanced prediction method that TBM constructs, and it is characterized in that described method may further comprise the steps:
(1), a synchronizing signal wave detector that is used for receiving synchronously the acoustic signals that TBM cutter cutting rock excited is installed in that the TBM cutterhead is inner, install one at the tunnel surrounding that is positioned at TBM workplace rear portion and be used to receive described acoustic signals reflects the reflection wave signal that is produced through the rock mass in TBM workplace the place ahead sound detector
(2), above-mentioned two signals that wave detector received are transferred to the HSP sonic apparatus, provide the geologic prediction result after by the HSP sonic apparatus signal that is received being handled and analyzed.
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| CN102692639B (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2015-04-22 | 山东大学 | Advanced geological forecast device utilizing vibration signals in construction with shield method and using method of advanced geological forecast device |
| WO2014106308A1 (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2014-07-10 | 山东大学 | Advanced detection device, system and method using forward three-dimensional induced polarization for tbm construction tunnel |
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| CN104678428B (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-11-25 | 山东大学 | Rock tunnel(ling) machine breaks rock focus and active source 3-D seismics associating forward probe system |
| CN104678427B (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2016-01-13 | 山东大学 | Rock tunnel(ling) machine breaks rock focus 3-D seismics forward probe device and method |
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| CN108798690B (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2020-02-07 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Combined TBM for realizing geological detection and geological detection tunneling method |
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