CN102720484B - A kind of acoustic logging while drilling instrument and logging method - Google Patents
A kind of acoustic logging while drilling instrument and logging method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of acoustic logging while drilling instrument and logging method, overcome and adopt at present in drill collar cutting and inlay heavy metal to realize infringement drill collar intensity that sound insulation requires to cause and the limited deficiency of defening effect, wherein the method comprises: generation acoustic signals; Gather this acoustic signals to propagate in the earth formation and the shake signal of telecommunication induced.Embodiments of the invention do not need device structure design acoustic isolater, and apparatus structure is simple, certainty of measurement and reliability high, cost of manufacture is low, and then greatly optimize the structure design of acoustic logging while drilling instrument, reduce device fabrication cost, improve the application level of acoustic logging while drilling technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to logging while drilling technology, particularly relate to a kind of acoustic logging while drilling instrument and logging method.
Background technology
When seismic wave or sound wave are propagated in the pore media of saturated with fluid, due to the double electrical layers of solid and liquid, produce relative motion and induce electric current between two-layer, this process is called the conversion of shake electricity.
Acoustic logging while drilling boring and turn up the soil layer while, measures a kind of logging technique of stratum acoustic characteristic in real time in oil-gas exploration, and this technology mainly adopts slide wave metering system to measure the change of formation rock velocity of wave propagation in length and breadth in real time.Survey data can be used for Lithology Discrimination, porosity calculation, the calculating of rock force mathematic(al) parameter, hole stability prediction etc.
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 display be its sound source 11 of acoustic logging while drilling instrument as shown in Figure 1 when working in monopolar mode, dipole modes and quadrapole pattern respectively, the acoustic waveform signal that its acoustic receiver transducer 12 receives.The sound source being respectively corresponding of Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 display works in time domain correlation diagram when monopolar mode, dipole modes and quadrapole pattern.In Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, abscissa is the time, and ordinate is signal strength signal intensity; In Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, abscissa is the time, and ordinate is phase velocity.
To be installed on drill collar due to sound source harmony wave receiving device in acoustic logging while drilling instrument and to be placed in drilling fluid environment, therefore transmit and receive direct-coupling signal very strong, the direct wave propagated along drill collar can have influence on the measurement carrying out the acoustic signals propagated along stratum.
From Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, when sound source works in monopolar mode, the SVEL that acoustic receiver device receives is approximately the direct wave velocity of sound 3100 metre per second (m/s) (m/s), is difficult to the compressional wave and the shear wave velocity that obtain stratum.When sound source works in dipole modes, the main energetic that acoustic receiver device receives is dipole direct wave, and its velocity of sound is approximately 1000 m/s, cannot be recorded to the flexural wave propagated with stratum transverse wave velocity.When sound source works in quadrapole pattern, the signal that acoustic receiver device receives is divided into two parts, and comprise with the drill collar direct wave of drill collar velocity of longitudinal wave propagation with the quadrapole formation wave of stratum shear wave velocity propagation, in time domain, direct wave is front, and formation wave is rear.
In the design of acoustic logging while drilling instrument, maximum technological difficulties are eliminations of the direct wave along drill collar propagation, the cutting of usual employing drill collar also inlays heavy metal method realization sound insulation requirement, but such design can damage drill collar intensity, therefore, allow the degree of process so very limited, defening effect is not good yet, affects certainty of measurement and reliability.Simultaneously such mechanical processing difficulty is large, and processing charges is high, causes instrument manufacturing cost high, has influence on the practical application of technology.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention overcomes adopt at present in drill collar cutting and inlay heavy metal to realize infringement drill collar intensity that sound insulation requirement causes and the limited deficiency of defening effect.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of acoustic logging while drilling method, comprising:
Produce acoustic signals;
Gather this acoustic signals to propagate in the earth formation and the shake signal of telecommunication induced.
Preferably, the method comprises:
This shake signal of telecommunication is processed, obtains the parameters,acoustic on stratum.
Preferably, described step of this shake signal of telecommunication being carried out to the parameters,acoustic processing acquisition stratum, comprising:
Correlation method is adopted to obtain the apparent velocity of this shake signal of telecommunication;
The acoustic velocity on stratum is obtained according to the apparent velocity of this shake signal of telecommunication;
The parameters,acoustic on stratum is obtained according to the acoustic velocity on stratum.
Preferably, the step of described generation acoustic signals, comprising:
Pulse signal or sinusoidal signal excitation is adopted to produce this acoustic signals.
Preferably, the step of the shake signal of telecommunication that this acoustic signals of described collection is propagated in the earth formation and induced, comprising:
This shake signal of telecommunication is gathered with a collecting electrode or with multiple collecting electrodes of array way distribution.
Present invention also offers a kind of acoustic logging while drilling instrument, comprise sound source and receiving system, wherein:
Sound source is for generation of acoustic signals;
Receiving system is propagated and the shake signal of telecommunication induced in the earth formation for gathering this acoustic signals.
Preferably, this instrument comprises:
Treating apparatus, for processing this shake signal of telecommunication, obtains the parameters,acoustic on stratum.
Preferably, this treating apparatus comprises:
First processing module, for the apparent velocity adopting correlation method to obtain this shake signal of telecommunication;
Second processing module, for obtaining the acoustic velocity on stratum according to the apparent velocity of this shake signal of telecommunication;
3rd processing module, for obtaining the parameters,acoustic on stratum according to the acoustic velocity on stratum.
Preferably, exciting bank, produces this acoustic signals for adopting pulse signal or this sound source of sinusoidal signal excitation.
Preferably, this receiving system comprise a collecting electrode or with array way distribution multiple collecting electrodes.
Compared with prior art, embodiments of the invention arrange sound source and the electric collecting electrode of shake on connector for logging while drilling, utilize the seismic-electric effect characteristic of porous rocks, realize measuring with brill condition sub-surface rock acoustic degree by measuring the stratum shake signal of telecommunication.Embodiments of the invention do not need device structure design acoustic isolater, and apparatus structure is simple, certainty of measurement and reliability high, cost of manufacture is low, and then greatly optimize the structure design of acoustic logging while drilling instrument, reduce device fabrication cost, improve the application level of acoustic logging while drilling technology.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the acoustic logging while drilling instrument operating diagram in the earth formation receiving sound wave at present.
Fig. 2 is the sound source of instrument shown in Fig. 1 acoustic waveform schematic diagram when working in monopolar mode.
Fig. 3 is the sound source of instrument shown in Fig. 1 acoustic waveform schematic diagram when working in dipole modes.
Fig. 4 is the sound source of instrument shown in Fig. 1 acoustic waveform schematic diagram when working in quadrapole pattern.
Fig. 5 is the sound source of instrument shown in Fig. 1 time domain accompanying drawings when working in monopolar mode.
Fig. 6 is the sound source of instrument shown in Fig. 1 time domain accompanying drawings when working in dipole modes.
Fig. 7 is the sound source of instrument shown in Fig. 1 time domain accompanying drawings when working in quadrapole pattern.
Fig. 8 is the application schematic diagram that hydrophone and signal of telecommunication collecting electrode move axially along wellhole.
Fig. 9 be the acoustic signals that in application shown in Fig. 8, hydrophone collects then and then change slope schematic diagram.
Figure 10 be the shake signal of telecommunication that in application shown in Fig. 8, signal of telecommunication collecting electrode collects then and then change slope schematic diagram.
Figure 11 is the composition schematic diagram of the acoustic logging while drilling instrument of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the shake signal of telecommunication schematic diagram of middle sound source embodiment illustrated in fig. 11 when working in monopolar mode.
Figure 13 is the shake signal of telecommunication schematic diagram of middle sound source embodiment illustrated in fig. 11 when working in dipole modes.
Figure 14 is the shake signal of telecommunication schematic diagram of middle sound source embodiment illustrated in fig. 11 when working in quadrapole pattern.
Figure 15 is the time domain accompanying drawings of middle sound source embodiment illustrated in fig. 11 when working in monopolar mode.
Figure 16 is the time domain accompanying drawings of middle sound source embodiment illustrated in fig. 11 when working in dipole modes.
Figure 17 is the time domain accompanying drawings of middle sound source embodiment illustrated in fig. 11 when working in quadrapole pattern.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, hereinafter will be described in detail to embodiments of the invention by reference to the accompanying drawings.It should be noted that, when not conflicting, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can be combined mutually.
For metal, acoustic signals can not induce the shake signal of telecommunication, and in porous media rock, sound wave can induce the shake signal of telecommunication.Special needs to be pointed out is, for the connector for logging while drilling of metal material, because metal is good conductor, Whole Equipment all keeps same potential, can not induce the shake signal of telecommunication via acoustic signals.
Measure can find by the seismic-electric effect of carrying out in different medium wellhole, sound source produces sound field in wellhole, Fig. 8 shows the experiment measuring in the model well be made up of the rock stratum of high porosity high permeability and the rock stratum of low porosity and permeability, owing to directly not connecting between sound source and receiver, so the direct wave do not propagated along borehole axis direction in measuring process, the signal that hydrophone receives is the acoustic signals propagated along the borehole wall.Hydrophone and signal of telecommunication collecting electrode move axially along wellhole with the direction of arrow shown in Fig. 8 respectively, the shake signal of telecommunication as shown in Figure 10 that the contrast acoustic signals as shown in Figure 9 that collects of hydrophone and collecting electrode collect then and then change slope, can find that the shake signal of telecommunication is that when being propagated along wellhole by acoustic signals, induction produces, its apparent velocity equals the SVEL in stratum.Wherein in Fig. 9 and Figure 10, abscissa is the time, and ordinate is signal strength signal intensity.
In addition, the intensity of the shake signal of telecommunication is relevant with the porosity and permeability on stratum, the rock stratum of contrast high porosity high permeability and the rock stratum of low porosity and permeability can find, even if the acoustic signals intensity of the rock stratum of high porosity high permeability is lower than the rock stratum of low porosity and permeability, its shake electrical signal intensity is also higher than the rock stratum of low porosity and permeability.
As shown in figure 11, the acoustic logging while drilling instrument of the embodiment of the present invention mainly comprises and is arranged on sound source 22 on drill collar 21 and receiving system 23, and wherein sound source 22 is for generation of acoustic signals, and acoustic signals is propagated along stratum and drill collar 21; Receiving system 23 is propagated and the shake signal of telecommunication induced in the earth formation for gathering this acoustic signals; Wherein, the acoustic signals propagated along drill collar 21 cannot induce the shake signal of telecommunication.
The acoustic logging while drilling instrument of the embodiment of the present invention can comprise treating apparatus 24 as shown in figure 11, and this treating apparatus 24 is connected with receiving system 23 by cable, for processing this shake signal of telecommunication, obtains the parameters,acoustic on stratum.This parameters,acoustic such as comprises modulus of shearing, young's modulus of elasticity and lithology etc.
In the acoustic logging while drilling instrument of the embodiment of the present invention, this treating apparatus comprises:
First processing module, for the apparent velocity adopting correlation method to obtain this shake signal of telecommunication;
Second processing module, is connected with the first processing module, and the apparent velocity for the shake signal of telecommunication obtained according to this first processing module obtains the acoustic velocity on stratum;
3rd processing module, is connected with the second processing module, and the acoustic velocity for the stratum obtained according to the second processing module obtains the parameters,acoustic on stratum.
The acoustic logging while drilling instrument of the embodiment of the present invention can comprise exciting bank (not shown), and this exciting bank produces this acoustic signals for adopting pulse signal or this sound source of sinusoidal signal excitation.
Receiving system 23 in embodiment of the present invention acoustic logging while drilling instrument, can comprise a collecting electrode or the multiple collecting electrodes distributed with array way as shown in figure 11.When receiving system 23 comprises multiple collecting electrode, multiple array way can be adopted to arrange.
The acoustic logging while drilling instrument of the embodiment of the present invention can adopt monopole sound source to produce acoustic signals, and multipole source also can be adopted to produce acoustic signals.
When Figure 12, Figure 13 and the multipole source that Figure 14 shows that in the acoustic logging while drilling instrument of the embodiment of the present invention work in one pole, dipole and quadrapole pattern respectively, the shake signal of telecommunication schematic diagram of record.Corresponding time domain correlation diagram is respectively shown in Figure 15, Figure 16 and Figure 17.In Figure 12, Figure 13 and Figure 14, abscissa is the time, and ordinate is signal strength signal intensity; In Figure 15, Figure 16 and Figure 17, abscissa is the time, and ordinate is phase velocity.
As can be seen from the shake signal of telecommunication shown in Figure 12, Figure 13 and Figure 14, the amplitude of the shake signal of telecommunication is determined jointly by the rock behavio(u)r around the amplitude of acoustic signals and electrode system.Adopt correlation method (slowness time coherence) to process the shake signal of telecommunication, the apparent velocity of the shake signal of telecommunication can be asked for.
From Figure 12, Figure 13 and Figure 14, when sound source works in monopolar mode, can be recorded to depending on velocity of longitudinal wave (equal with stratum velocity of longitudinal wave) and the shake signal of telecommunication propagated depending on Stoneley wave speed (equal with stratum Stoneley wave speed); Work in the waveform of dipole and quadrapole pattern in sound source, the shake signal of telecommunication propagated depending on shear wave velocity (equal with stratum shear wave velocity) can be recorded to.The acoustic velocity on stratum can be obtained according to the apparent velocity of the shake signal of telecommunication.
Because the direct wave propagated along metal drill collar can not induce the shake signal of telecommunication, therefore the impact of strong direct wave is excluded completely.In the correlation diagram of Figure 15, Figure 16 and Figure 17 display, be not recorded to the signal looking the propagation of direct wave speed.
Acoustic logging while drilling instrument general at present adopts slide wave metering system, but it can not evade direct wave impact.The shake signal of telecommunication that embodiments of the invention utilize seismic-electric effect to realize extracts formation acoustic velocity, employing be the mode directly measuring shake signal of telecommunication speed.Because shake signal of telecommunication apparent velocity equals formation acoustic velocity, such indirect inspection formation acoustic velocity can obtain shake signal of telecommunication apparent velocity, can be used for Lithology Discrimination, porosity calculation, the calculating of rock force mathematic(al) parameter, hole stability prediction etc.
The shake signal of telecommunication that embodiments of the invention utilize seismic-electric effect to realize multipole acoustic logging while drilling extracts formation acoustic velocity extraction algorithm (slowness time coherence), extract apparent velocity by the relevant function method pair array shake signal of telecommunication, this apparent velocity equals formation acoustic velocity.
Embodiments of the invention utilize seismic-electric effect to realize the well logging of multipole acoustic logging while drilling, multipole acoustic emissions signal source is installed in its instrument one end, the shake signal of telecommunication collecting electrode of arrayed is installed at the instrument other end, form acoustic signals in the earth formation by excite sound waves signal emitting-source propagate and form the formation rock seismic-electric effect generation shake signal of telecommunication, collecting electrode is used to gather the stratum shake signal of telecommunication, through the Treatment Analysis to the shake signal of telecommunication, obtain the multiple rock acoustic parameters on detected stratum.
Although the embodiment disclosed by the present invention is as above, the embodiment that described content just adopts for the ease of understanding the present invention, and be not used to limit the present invention.Those of skill in the art belonging to any the present invention; under the prerequisite not departing from the spirit and scope disclosed by the present invention; any amendment and change can be done what implement in form and in details; but scope of patent protection of the present invention, the scope that still must define with appending claims is as the criterion.
Claims (6)
1. an acoustic logging while drilling method, comprising:
Produce acoustic signals, gather this acoustic signals and propagate in the earth formation and the shake signal of telecommunication that induces, wherein, described generation acoustic signals and the described process of shaking the signal of telecommunication that gathers all are carried out on same drill collar;
This shake signal of telecommunication is processed, obtains the parameters,acoustic on stratum, comprising: adopt correlation method to obtain the apparent velocity of this shake signal of telecommunication, obtain the acoustic velocity on stratum according to the apparent velocity of this shake signal of telecommunication, obtain the parameters,acoustic on stratum according to the acoustic velocity on stratum.
2. acoustic logging while drilling method according to claim 1, wherein, the step of described generation acoustic signals, comprising:
Pulse signal or sinusoidal signal excitation is adopted to produce this acoustic signals.
3. acoustic logging while drilling method according to claim 1, the step of the shake signal of telecommunication that this acoustic signals of described collection is propagated in the earth formation and induced, comprising:
This shake signal of telecommunication is gathered with a collecting electrode or with multiple collecting electrodes of array way distribution.
4. an acoustic logging while drilling instrument, comprises sound source and receiving system, and treating apparatus, wherein:
Described sound source is for generation of acoustic signals;
Described receiving system is propagated and the shake signal of telecommunication induced in the earth formation for gathering this acoustic signals;
Described treating apparatus, for processing this shake signal of telecommunication, obtains the parameters,acoustic on stratum;
Described sound source, receiving system, treating apparatus are arranged on same drill collar;
Wherein, this treating apparatus comprises:
First processing module, for the apparent velocity adopting correlation method to obtain this shake signal of telecommunication; Second processing module, for obtaining the acoustic velocity on stratum according to the apparent velocity of this shake signal of telecommunication;
3rd processing module, for obtaining the parameters,acoustic on stratum according to the acoustic velocity on stratum.
5. acoustic logging while drilling instrument according to claim 4, also comprises:
Exciting bank, produces this acoustic signals for adopting pulse signal or this sound source of sinusoidal signal excitation.
6. acoustic logging while drilling instrument according to claim 4, wherein:
Multiple collecting electrodes that this receiving system comprises a collecting electrode or distributes with array way.
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103397878B (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-06-24 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Acoustic logging-while-drilling device of variable-diameter sound insulation structure |
| CN103352692B (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-04-15 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Optimized design method of reducing sonic system sound insulator of acoustic logging-while-drilling drill collar |
| CN105116450A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-02 | 电子科技大学 | Seismo-electric signal antenna reception system |
| CN105758936A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-07-13 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Experimental measurement method for seismic-electric signal |
| CN107165623B (en) | 2017-06-07 | 2019-03-19 | 南方科技大学 | Monopole while-drilling acoustic logging instrument matched with bottom drilling tool combination for use and method for measuring slow formation transverse wave speed |
| CN111119851B (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2023-03-14 | 中国石油化工集团有限公司 | Asymmetric far detection logging method |
| CN113267438B (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2023-02-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Stoneley wave permeability measuring device and method based on full-diameter rock core |
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| CN1043792A (en) * | 1988-12-21 | 1990-07-11 | 埃克森生产研究公司 | Electroseismic prospecting |
| CN1143753A (en) * | 1995-08-21 | 1997-02-26 | 石油大学 | Borehole seismic electric detecting method |
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Address after: 100010 Chaoyangmen North Street, Dongcheng District, Dongcheng District, Beijing Co-patentee after: China Oilfield Services Limited Patentee after: China Offshore Oil Group Co., Ltd. Address before: 100010 Chaoyangmen North Street, Dongcheng District, Dongcheng District, Beijing Co-patentee before: China Oilfield Services Limited Patentee before: China National Offshore Oil Corporation |