CN102720484A - While-drilling acoustic well-logging apparatus and well-logging method - Google Patents

While-drilling acoustic well-logging apparatus and well-logging method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102720484A
CN102720484A CN201210155064XA CN201210155064A CN102720484A CN 102720484 A CN102720484 A CN 102720484A CN 201210155064X A CN201210155064X A CN 201210155064XA CN 201210155064 A CN201210155064 A CN 201210155064A CN 102720484 A CN102720484 A CN 102720484A
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acoustic
stratum
telecommunication
signal
logging
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CN102720484B (en
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刘西恩
仇傲
纳菲·托克索斯
朱正亚
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China Oilfield Services Ltd
China National Offshore Oil Corp CNOOC
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China Oilfield Services Ltd
China National Offshore Oil Corp CNOOC
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Abstract

The invention discloses a while-drilling acoustic well-logging apparatus and a well-logging method. In order to overcome shortages that the drill collar strength is damaged and the deafening effect is limited, which are caused by grooving on the drill collar and studding heavy metals to meet requirements of sound insulation, the well-logging method is provided. The logging method comprises the steps of: generating an acoustic signal, and collecting a seismo-electric signal inducted by transmission of the acoustic signal in the stratum. The embodiment of the invention needs no sound insulator, has simple structure, high well-logging accuracy and reliability, and low production cost, thereby substantially optimizing the structural design of the while-drilling acoustic well-logging apparatus, lowering the apparatus production cost, and improving the application level of while-drilling acoustic well-logging technology.

Description

A kind of with boring acoustic logging instrument and logging method
Technical field
The present invention relates to logging while drilling technology, relate in particular to a kind of with boring acoustic logging instrument and logging method.
Background technology
When seismic wave or sound wave are propagated in the pore media of saturated with fluid, because the double electrical layers of solid and liquid, produce relative motion and induce electric current between two-layer, this process is called the shake electricity and changes.
With boring acoustic logging is a kind of logging technique of when brill is turned up the soil layer, measuring the stratum acoustic characteristic in the oil-gas exploration in real time, and this technology mainly adopts the slide wave metering system to measure the formation rock variation of velocity of wave propagation in length and breadth in real time.Survey data can be used for lithology identification, degree of porosity calculating, the calculating of rock power mechanics parameter, hole stability prediction etc.
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show is as shown in Figure 1 with boring its sound source 11 of acoustic logging instrument when working in monopolar mode, dipole modes and quadrapole pattern respectively, the acoustic waveform signal that its sound wave receiving transducer 12 receives.Time domain correlation diagram when the sound source that is respectively corresponding that Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 show works in monopolar mode, dipole modes and quadrapole pattern.Abscissa is the time among Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, and ordinate is a signal strength signal intensity; Abscissa is the time among Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, and ordinate is a phase velocity.
Owing to being installed on the drill collar with sound source harmony wave receiving device in the brill acoustic logging instrument and being placed in the drilling fluid environment; Therefore it is very strong to transmit and receive direct coupled signal, can have influence on the measurement of the acoustic signals of propagating along the stratum along the direct wave of drill collar propagation.
Visible by Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, when sound source worked in monopolar mode, the SVEL that the sound wave receiving system receives was approximately the direct wave velocity of sound 3100 metre per second (m/s)s (m/s), is difficult to obtain the compressional wave and the shear wave velocity on stratum.When sound source works in dipole modes, the main energy that the sound wave receiving system receives is the dipole direct wave, and its velocity of sound is approximately 1000 m/s, can't record the flexural wave of propagating with the stratum transverse wave velocity.When sound source worked in the quadrapole pattern, the signal that the sound wave receiving system receives was divided into two parts, comprised drill collar direct wave of propagating with the drill collar velocity of longitudinal wave and the quadrapole formation wave of propagating with the stratum shear wave velocity, on the time domain direct wave preceding, formation wave after.
In with the design of boring acoustic logging instrument; Maximum technological difficulties are the eliminations along the direct wave of drill collar propagation, adopt the drill collar cutting usually and inlay heavy metal method realization sound insulation requirement, but such design can damage drill collar intensity; Therefore; Allow the degree of processing so very limited, defening effect is not good yet, influences certainty of measurement and reliability.Simultaneously such mechanical processing difficulty is big, and processing charges is high, causes the instrument manufacturing cost high, has influence on the practical application of technology.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome to be employed in the drill collar cutting at present and to inlay heavy metal and realize insulating against sound and require the infringement drill collar intensity and the limited deficiency of defening effect that are caused.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind ofly with boring acoustic logging method, comprising:
Produce acoustic signals;
Gather that this acoustic signals is propagated and the shake signal of telecommunication that induces in the stratum.
Preferably, this method comprises:
This shake signal of telecommunication is handled, obtained the parameters,acoustic on stratum.
Preferably, said this shake signal of telecommunication is handled the step of the parameters,acoustic that obtains the stratum, comprising:
Adopt correlation method to obtain the apparent velocity of this shake signal of telecommunication;
Obtain the acoustic velocity on stratum according to the apparent velocity of this shake signal of telecommunication;
Obtain the parameters,acoustic on stratum according to the acoustic velocity on stratum.
Preferably, the step of said generation acoustic signals comprises:
Adopt pulse signal or sinusoidal signal excitation to produce this acoustic signals.
Preferably, this acoustic signals of said collection is propagated in the stratum and the step of the shake signal of telecommunication that induces comprises:
Should shake the signal of telecommunication with a collecting electrode or with a plurality of collecting electrode collections that array way distributes.
The present invention also provides a kind of and has comprised sound source and receiving system with boring acoustic logging instrument, wherein:
Sound source is used to produce acoustic signals;
Receiving system is used for gathering that this acoustic signals is propagated on the stratum and the shake signal of telecommunication that induces.
Preferably, this instrument comprises:
Treating apparatus is used for this shake signal of telecommunication is handled, and obtains the parameters,acoustic on stratum.
Preferably, this treating apparatus comprises:
First processing module is used to adopt correlation method to obtain the apparent velocity of this shake signal of telecommunication;
Second processing module is used for the acoustic velocity according to the apparent velocity acquisition stratum of this shake signal of telecommunication;
The 3rd processing module is used for the parameters,acoustic according to the acoustic velocity acquisition stratum on stratum.
Preferably, exciting bank is used to adopt this sound source of pulse signal or sinusoidal signal excitation to produce this acoustic signals.
Preferably, this receiving system comprises a collecting electrode or a plurality of collecting electrodes that distribute with array way.
Compared with prior art, embodiments of the invention are provided with sound source and the electric collecting electrode of shake on the well logging during instrument, utilize the seismic-electric effect characteristic of porous rocks, realize measuring with the condition of boring sub-surface rock acoustic velocity through measuring the stratum shake signal of telecommunication.Embodiments of the invention need not design acoustic isolater to device structure, and apparatus structure is simple, and certainty of measurement and reliability are high; Cost of manufacture is low; And then greatly optimize with the structure design of boring acoustic logging instrument, reduce the device fabrication cost, improve with the application level of boring acoustic logging.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be receive at present sound wave with boring the work sketch map of acoustic logging instrument in the stratum.
Fig. 2 is the acoustic waveform sketch map of the sound source of instrument shown in Figure 1 when working in monopolar mode.
Fig. 3 is the acoustic waveform sketch map of the sound source of instrument shown in Figure 1 when working in dipole modes.
Fig. 4 is the acoustic waveform sketch map of the sound source of instrument shown in Figure 1 when working in the quadrapole pattern.
Fig. 5 is the relevant sketch map of the time domain of the sound source of instrument shown in Figure 1 when working in monopolar mode.
Fig. 6 is the relevant sketch map of the time domain of the sound source of instrument shown in Figure 1 when working in dipole modes.
Fig. 7 is the relevant sketch map of the time domain of the sound source of instrument shown in Figure 1 when working in the quadrapole pattern.
Fig. 8 is that hydrophone and signal of telecommunication collecting electrode are along the axially movable application sketch map of wellhole.
Fig. 9 be hydrophone collected in the application shown in Figure 8 acoustic signals then and then change the slope sketch map.
Figure 10 be signal of telecommunication collecting electrode is collected in the application shown in Figure 8 shake signal of telecommunication then and then change the slope sketch map.
Figure 11 is the composition sketch map with the brill acoustic logging instrument of the embodiment of the invention.
Figure 12 be embodiment illustrated in fig. 11 in the shake signal of telecommunication sketch map of sound source when working in monopolar mode.
Figure 13 be embodiment illustrated in fig. 11 in the shake signal of telecommunication sketch map of sound source when working in dipole modes.
Figure 14 be embodiment illustrated in fig. 11 in the shake signal of telecommunication sketch map of sound source when working in the quadrapole pattern.
Figure 15 be embodiment illustrated in fig. 11 in the relevant sketch map of the time domain of sound source when working in monopolar mode.
Figure 16 be embodiment illustrated in fig. 11 in the relevant sketch map of the time domain of sound source when working in dipole modes.
Figure 17 be embodiment illustrated in fig. 11 in the relevant sketch map of the time domain of sound source when working in the quadrapole pattern.
The specific embodiment
For making the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, hereinafter will combine accompanying drawing that embodiments of the invention are elaborated.Need to prove that under the situation of not conflicting, embodiment among the application and the characteristic among the embodiment be combination in any each other.
For metal, acoustic signals can not induce the shake signal of telecommunication, and in the porous media rock, sound wave can induce the shake signal of telecommunication.Special needs to be pointed out is,,,, can not induce the shake signal of telecommunication via acoustic signals so equipment integral body all keeps same potential because metal is a good conductor as far as the well logging during instrument of metal material.
Measure and to find through the seismic-electric effect of in the different medium wellhole, carrying out; Sound source produces sound field in wellhole; Fig. 8 has shown the experiment measuring in the model well of being made up of the rock stratum of the rock stratum of high porosity high permeability and low-porosity low-permeability; Owing to directly do not connect between sound source and the receiver, so the direct wave of not propagating along the borehole axis direction in the measuring process, the signal that hydrophone receives is the acoustic signals of propagating along the borehole wall.Hydrophone and signal of telecommunication collecting electrode move axially along wellhole with the direction of arrow shown in Figure 8 respectively; Contrast the shake signal of telecommunication shown in figure 10 that acoustic signals and collecting electrode collected as shown in Figure 9 that hydrophone collected then and then change slope; Can find to shake the signal of telecommunication is to be responded to when wellhole is propagated by acoustic signals to produce, and its apparent velocity equals the SVEL in the stratum.Wherein among Fig. 9 and Figure 10, abscissa is the time, and ordinate is a signal strength signal intensity.
In addition; The intensity of the shake signal of telecommunication is relevant with the degree of porosity and the permeability on stratum; The rock stratum of contrast high porosity high permeability and the rock stratum of low-porosity low-permeability can be found; Even the acoustic signals intensity of the rock stratum of high porosity high permeability is lower than the rock stratum of low-porosity low-permeability, its shake electrical signal intensity also is higher than the rock stratum of low-porosity low-permeability.
Shown in figure 11, the embodiment of the invention mainly comprise the sound source 22 and receiving system 23 that is arranged on the drill collar 21 with boring acoustic logging instrument, wherein sound source 22 is used to produce acoustic signals, acoustic signals is propagated along stratum and drill collar 21; Receiving system 23 is used for gathering that this acoustic signals is propagated on the stratum and the shake signal of telecommunication that induces; Wherein, the acoustic signals of propagating along drill collar 21 can't induce the shake signal of telecommunication.
The embodiment of the invention can comprise treating apparatus shown in figure 11 24 with boring acoustic logging instrument, this treating apparatus 24 is connected with receiving system 23 through cable, is used for this shake signal of telecommunication is handled the parameters,acoustic on acquisition stratum.This parameters,acoustic is such as comprising modulus of shearing, young's modulus of elasticity and lithology etc.
The embodiment of the invention with boring in the acoustic logging instrument, this treating apparatus comprises:
First processing module is used to adopt correlation method to obtain the apparent velocity of this shake signal of telecommunication;
Second processing module links to each other with first processing module, and the apparent velocity of the shake signal of telecommunication that is used for obtaining according to this first processing module obtains the acoustic velocity on stratum;
The 3rd processing module links to each other with second processing module, and the acoustic velocity on the stratum that is used for obtaining according to second processing module obtains the parameters,acoustic on stratum.
The embodiment of the invention can comprise the exciting bank (not shown) with boring acoustic logging instrument, this exciting bank is used to adopt pulse signal or this sound source of sinusoidal signal excitation to produce this acoustic signals.
The embodiment of the invention can comprise a collecting electrode or a plurality of collecting electrodes with the array way distribution shown in figure 11 with the receiving system 23 that bores in the acoustic logging instrument.When receiving system 23 comprises a plurality of collecting electrode, can adopt multiple array way to be provided with.
The embodiment of the invention can adopt the monopole sound source to produce acoustic signals with boring acoustic logging instrument, also can adopt the multipole sound source to produce acoustic signals.
Figure 12, Figure 13 and shown in Figure 14 for the embodiment of the invention with boring multipole sound source in the acoustic logging instrument when working in one pole, dipole and quadrapole pattern respectively, the shake signal of telecommunication sketch map of record.Figure 15, Figure 16 and the time domain correlation diagram that is respectively correspondence shown in Figure 17.Abscissa is the time among Figure 12, Figure 13 and Figure 14, and ordinate is a signal strength signal intensity; Abscissa is the time among Figure 15, Figure 16 and Figure 17, and ordinate is a phase velocity.
Can find out that from Figure 12, Figure 13 and the shake signal of telecommunication shown in Figure 14 the amplitude of the shake signal of telecommunication is determined by the amplitude of acoustic signals and the rock behavio(u)r around the electrode system jointly.Adopt correlation method (slowness-time matching method) that the shake signal of telecommunication is handled, can ask for the apparent velocity of the shake signal of telecommunication.
Visible by Figure 12, Figure 13 and Figure 14, when sound source works in monopolar mode, can record to look velocity of longitudinal wave (equating) and to look the shake signal of telecommunication that Stoneley wave speed (equating with stratum Stoneley wave speed) is propagated with the stratum velocity of longitudinal wave; Work in the waveform of dipole and quadrapole pattern in sound source, can record to look the shake signal of telecommunication that shear wave velocity (equating with the stratum shear wave velocity) is propagated.Can obtain the acoustic velocity on stratum according to the apparent velocity of the shake signal of telecommunication.
Because the direct wave of propagating along the metal drill collar can not induce the shake signal of telecommunication, the influence of therefore strong direct wave is excluded fully.In the correlation diagram that Figure 15, Figure 16 and Figure 17 show, do not record to look the signal that direct wave speed is propagated.
At present general adopts the slide wave metering system with boring acoustic logging instrument, but it can not evade the direct wave influence.The shake signal of telecommunication that the seismic-electric effect of utilizing embodiments of the invention realizes extracts the stratum velocity of sound, employing be the mode of directly measuring shake signal of telecommunication speed.Because shake signal of telecommunication apparent velocity equals the stratum velocity of sound, so indirect measurement stratum velocity of sound can obtain to shake signal of telecommunication apparent velocity, can be used for lithology identification, degree of porosity calculating, the calculating of rock power mechanics parameter, hole stability prediction etc.
The seismic-electric effect of utilizing embodiments of the invention realizes that multipole extracts stratum velocity of sound extraction algorithm (slowness-time matching method) with the shake signal of telecommunication that bores acoustic logging; Extract apparent velocity through the relevant function method array shake signal of telecommunication, this apparent velocity equals the stratum velocity of sound.
The seismic-electric effect of utilizing embodiments of the invention realizes that multipole is with the well logging of boring acoustic logging; Its instrument one end is installed multipole sound wave emissions signal source; The shake signal of telecommunication collecting electrode of arrayed is installed at the instrument other end; In the stratum, form acoustic signals through the excite sound waves signal emitting-source and propagate and form the formation rock seismic-electric effect generation shake signal of telecommunication; Use collecting electrode to gather the stratum shake signal of telecommunication,, obtain the multiple rock parameters,acoustic on the stratum of surveying through Treatment Analysis to the shake signal of telecommunication.
Though the embodiment that the present invention disclosed as above, the embodiment that described content just adopts for the ease of understanding the present invention is not in order to limit the present invention.Those of skill in the art under any the present invention; Under the prerequisite of spirit that does not break away from the present invention and disclosed and scope; Can do any modification and variation what implement in form and on the details; But scope of patent protection of the present invention still must be as the criterion with the scope that appending claims was defined.

Claims (10)

1. one kind with boring acoustic logging method, comprising:
Produce acoustic signals;
Gather that this acoustic signals is propagated and the shake signal of telecommunication that induces in the stratum.
2. according to claim 1 with boring acoustic logging method, wherein, this method comprises:
This shake signal of telecommunication is handled, obtained the parameters,acoustic on stratum.
3. according to claim 1 with boring acoustic logging method, wherein, said this shake signal of telecommunication is handled the step of the parameters,acoustic on acquisition stratum, comprising:
Adopt correlation method to obtain the apparent velocity of this shake signal of telecommunication;
Obtain the acoustic velocity on stratum according to the apparent velocity of this shake signal of telecommunication;
Obtain the parameters,acoustic on stratum according to the acoustic velocity on stratum.
4. according to claim 1 and 2 with boring acoustic logging method, wherein, the step of said generation acoustic signals comprises:
Adopt pulse signal or sinusoidal signal excitation to produce this acoustic signals.
5. according to claim 1 and 2 with boring acoustic logging method, this acoustic signals of said collection is propagated in the stratum and the step of the shake signal of telecommunication that induces, comprising:
Should shake the signal of telecommunication with a collecting electrode or with a plurality of collecting electrode collections that array way distributes.
6. one kind with boring acoustic logging instrument, comprises sound source and receiving system, wherein:
Sound source is used to produce acoustic signals;
Receiving system is used for gathering that this acoustic signals is propagated on the stratum and the shake signal of telecommunication that induces.
7. according to claim 6 with boring acoustic logging instrument, wherein, this instrument comprises:
Treating apparatus is used for this shake signal of telecommunication is handled, and obtains the parameters,acoustic on stratum.
8. according to claim 6 with boring acoustic logging instrument, wherein, this treating apparatus comprises:
First processing module is used to adopt correlation method to obtain the apparent velocity of this shake signal of telecommunication;
Second processing module is used for the acoustic velocity according to the apparent velocity acquisition stratum of this shake signal of telecommunication;
The 3rd processing module is used for the parameters,acoustic according to the acoustic velocity acquisition stratum on stratum.
9. according to claim 6 or 7 described with boring acoustic logging instrument, wherein:
Exciting bank is used to adopt this sound source of pulse signal or sinusoidal signal excitation to produce this acoustic signals.
10. according to claim 6 or 7 described with boring acoustic logging instrument, wherein:
This receiving system comprises a collecting electrode or a plurality of collecting electrodes that distribute with array way.
CN201210155064.XA 2012-05-18 2012-05-18 A kind of acoustic logging while drilling instrument and logging method Active CN102720484B (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103352692A (en) * 2013-07-31 2013-10-16 中国石油大学(华东) Optimized design method of reducing sonic system sound insulator of acoustic logging-while-drilling drill collar
CN103397878A (en) * 2013-07-31 2013-11-20 中国石油大学(华东) Acoustic logging-while-drilling device of variable-diameter sound insulation structure
CN105116450A (en) * 2015-08-26 2015-12-02 电子科技大学 Seismo-electric signal antenna reception system
CN105758936A (en) * 2016-02-26 2016-07-13 中国石油天然气集团公司 Experimental measurement method for seismic-electric signal
WO2018223571A1 (en) * 2017-06-07 2018-12-13 南方科技大学 Monopole acoustic logging-while-drilling instrument used in cooperation with bottom drilling tool assembly, and method for measuring shear wave velocity of slow formation
CN111119851A (en) * 2018-10-29 2020-05-08 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 Asymmetric far detection logging method
CN113267438A (en) * 2020-12-10 2021-08-17 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Stoneley wave permeability measuring device and method based on full-diameter rock core

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CN1392420A (en) * 2002-08-13 2003-01-22 董奇 Surveying and detecting using vibrative electric signal and earthquate wave
CN1419655A (en) * 2000-03-21 2003-05-21 埃克森美孚上游研究公司 Source waveforms for electroseismic exploration
US20040158404A1 (en) * 2003-02-12 2004-08-12 Baker Hughes Incorporated Synthetic acoustic array acquisition and processing
US20080130409A1 (en) * 2003-08-13 2008-06-05 Baker Hughes Incorporated Method of Generating Directional Low Frequency Acoustic Signals and Reflected Signal Detection Enhancements for Seismic While Drilling Applications

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CN1143753A (en) * 1995-08-21 1997-02-26 石油大学 Borehole seismic electric detecting method
CN1419655A (en) * 2000-03-21 2003-05-21 埃克森美孚上游研究公司 Source waveforms for electroseismic exploration
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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103352692A (en) * 2013-07-31 2013-10-16 中国石油大学(华东) Optimized design method of reducing sonic system sound insulator of acoustic logging-while-drilling drill collar
CN103397878A (en) * 2013-07-31 2013-11-20 中国石油大学(华东) Acoustic logging-while-drilling device of variable-diameter sound insulation structure
CN103352692B (en) * 2013-07-31 2015-04-15 中国石油大学(华东) Optimized design method of reducing sonic system sound insulator of acoustic logging-while-drilling drill collar
CN103397878B (en) * 2013-07-31 2015-06-24 中国石油大学(华东) Acoustic logging-while-drilling device of variable-diameter sound insulation structure
CN105116450A (en) * 2015-08-26 2015-12-02 电子科技大学 Seismo-electric signal antenna reception system
CN105758936A (en) * 2016-02-26 2016-07-13 中国石油天然气集团公司 Experimental measurement method for seismic-electric signal
WO2018223571A1 (en) * 2017-06-07 2018-12-13 南方科技大学 Monopole acoustic logging-while-drilling instrument used in cooperation with bottom drilling tool assembly, and method for measuring shear wave velocity of slow formation
US10782432B2 (en) 2017-06-07 2020-09-22 Southern University Of Science And Technology Monopole acoustic logging while drilling instrument used together with bottom hole assembly, method for measuring shear wave velocity of slow formations
CN111119851A (en) * 2018-10-29 2020-05-08 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 Asymmetric far detection logging method
CN111119851B (en) * 2018-10-29 2023-03-14 中国石油化工集团有限公司 Asymmetric far detection logging method
CN113267438A (en) * 2020-12-10 2021-08-17 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Stoneley wave permeability measuring device and method based on full-diameter rock core

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