CN101222296A - Self-adapting transmission method and system in ascending honeycomb video communication - Google Patents
Self-adapting transmission method and system in ascending honeycomb video communication Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive transmission method and a self-adaptive transmission system in the uplink cellular video communication of the wireless multimedia communication technical field. The method is that: a feedback-based channel effectively transmits bandwidth perceiving; the sending speed of a data flow is adjusted according to the perceived effective transmission bandwidth, the adjustment of the sending rate is realized by changing the packet length of the data flow; two-stage information resource rate control based on cache cleaning and rate control of an encoder is used. The device comprises a sending end, a transmission network and a receiving end, wherein the sending end comprises a video encoding unit and a transmission control unit, the receiving end comprises a transmission control unit and a video decoding unit, the sending end and the receiving end transmit messages through the transmission network. The sending rate of the invention can automatically adapt to the change of the channel bandwidth, decreases the probability of packet loss caused by the fluctuation of the wireless channel bandwidth, and realizes that the customer side can obtain the best possible playing quality under the condition of constant change of network operation conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and system of communication technical field, specifically is adaptive transmission method and system in a kind of ascending honeycomb video communication.
Background technology
At present, wireless cellular network (2G/2.5G/3G) inserts standard as mobile communication to be adopted by world's most countries and area, also provides possibility for ubiquitous mobile multimedia communication.As the main flow business of cellular network from now on, will provide multimedia communication service anywhere or anytime based on the mobile multimedia communication of video and audio frequency for people.Based on the wireless video communication of cellular network, its transmission network comprises the wireless channel of transceiver terminal to the mobile base station, and between the mobile base station or base station is to the backbone network (as the internet) of video server.In order to realize the shielding to the different medium network, IP-based grouping (being also referred to as " bag ") exchanging policy is often adopted in the transmission of video flowing on this hybrid network.At this moment, the bit mistake of the channel guard ability that exceeds on the wireless channel will cause losing of whole group.Because the most predictive coding frameworks that adopt of current video coding technique cause time domain dependence serious between the picture frame.In case occur the decoding error that data-bag lost causes present frame in the video flowing, this error will be delivered in the follow-up picture frame along the prediction circuit.Therefore the video flowing after the compression is very responsive for losing of packet.
In order to strengthen the robustness of packet video transmission, people have done a large amount of research work, and existing anti-error code fault-toleranr technique comprises: first aspect, the fault-toleranr technique of information source compression domain.At the source encoding end, stop/reduce error propagation by increasing redundancy in the code stream, the video quality that causes with the alleviation loss of data sharply descends, or reduces as far as possible and lose the loss range that causes.Common coding side error resilience tool uses network can be divided into fault-tolerance approach that is used for circuit-switched channel " bit " mistake and the fault-tolerance approach that is used for packet switched channels (as IP network) according to it.Second aspect, the fault-toleranr technique in Channel Transmission territory.Adopt chnnel coding that multi-medium data is carried out coding protection.But the chnnel coding protection can increase the required bandwidth of transmitting multimedia data, and the error burst of wireless channel can reduce the validity of coding protection greatly.During error burst, even very strong chnnel coding also can't realize effective protection; And during random error, strong excessively chnnel coding protection will reduce efficiency of transmission again.In addition, retransmit the mistake control that also is commonly used to carry out domain transmission.But at honeycomb video inter-network transmission end to end, re-transmission will be because of the unpredictable and bigger shake of time delay, and the additional networks burden, often is difficult to adopt.
Find through literature search prior art, Chinese patent publication number CN1468001A, patent name is " based on the Multimedia Streams Adaptive transmission method of internet ", and this patent is carried out real-time detection, feedback and the control of the network bandwidth by setting up the RTP/RTCP protocol architecture; By setting up congested control structure based on transmitting terminal, use extendible adaptive coding, selective frame losing to wait the transmission of dynamically adjusting the medium code stream, finally be implemented in and make client obtain play quality as well as possible under the situation of the continuous conversion of network operation condition.This patent provides the solution of a system in the Adaptive Transmission on the internet for Media Streams such as videos.Consider that losing mostly of packet caused because of network congestion on the internet, and honeycomb video communication is often crossed over cellular radio channel and wired backbone (as the internet), and wherein data-bag lost mainly concentrates on the transmitting terminal cellular radio channel end to end.The cellular network wireless channel is usually because of sudden channel error codes such as signal fadeout, multipath interference, and these error codes directly cause losing of whole protocol package in the IP transmission.Therefore, the packet loss in the honeycomb video is not that truly network congestion causes.So the transmission method that this patent proposes is removed network congestion by reducing the transmission code check, is mainly used in the congested packet loss problem that causes on the internet that solves.To the burst packet loss in the honeycomb video communication, the channel error code reason causes because its packet loss is signal attenuation etc., reduces to send the probability that code check can not reduce packet loss, and this method can not solve the packet loss problem in the honeycomb video communication effectively.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, adaptive transmission method and system in a kind of ascending honeycomb video communication have been proposed, make it can be on dynamically cognitive radio channel error code situation and effective transmission bandwidth basis, by adopting new channel self-adapting transmission method and system, realize effective anti-error code packet loss effect with less relatively system complexity, when improving the wireless signal-path band width utilance, strengthen the robustness of multimedia communication.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
Adaptive transmission method comprises the steps: in the ascending honeycomb video communication of the present invention
Step 1, the effective transmission bandwidth perception of channel based on feedback: set up the RTP/UDP/IP protocol architecture, the datum plane of this protocol architecture is responsible for transmitting the video flowing that uses the RTP packing, and the control plane of this protocol architecture utilizes the packet loss statistical information of RTCP feedback channel simultaneously, the statistical information that transmitting terminal can be lost by bag (be RTP grouping), estimate effective transmission bandwidth of channel, the transmission code check in order to the control coding side can adapt it with the fluctuation of channel width;
Described the control transmission code check of coding side and the fluctuation of channel width are adapted, be meant: the video flowing after transmitting terminal will compress is pressed the packing of RTP/UDP/IP (RTP/datagram protocol/Internet Protocol) structure, send to receiving terminal by transmission network, receiving terminal is pressed the IP/UDP/RTP order and is received, unpack, send into decoder and feedback control module simultaneously through buffer memory, feedback control module is according to the sequence number in the RTP head, carrying out loss rate estimates, and generate the QoS feedback information: the rtcp protocol bag according to RTCP (RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol), the rtcp protocol bag sends to the Rate Control unit of receiving terminal through down channel, the Rate Control unit is according to the packet loss statistical information that receives, carry out the estimation of the effective transmission bandwidth of channel, if packet loss P
LossMore than or equal to the threshold value P that sets
TH, think that then channel has taken place error code occurs, effectively transmission bandwidth descends and forms " network congestion "; If packet loss P
LossLess than the threshold value P that sets
TH, then channel transmission quality is good, and network congestion does not take place.
Step 2 according to effective transmission bandwidth of step 1 perception, is adjusted the transmission rate of data flow, and the adjustment of transmission rate sends the gap by the bag that changes data flow and realizes;
The transmission rate of described adjustment data flow, be specially: by setting up reponse system end to end, utilize RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol RTCP, give transmitting terminal with the detected packet loss feedback information of receiving terminal, transmitting terminal is estimated error code situation and effective transmission bandwidth of channel according to feedback information.When detecting the effective transmission bandwidth of channel and change, transmission control unit by transmitting terminal starts congested control, transmission rate is adjusted: when the effective transmission bandwidth of, channel higher at packet loss descends, carry out channel error code at interval by the transmission that strengthens grouping and avoid; When the effective transmission bandwidth of, channel lower at packet loss rises, send the gap, promote code check to make full use of channel width by reducing grouping; Simultaneously, the Rate Control by to encoder and transmission buffer memory makes the fluctuation of the effective transmission bandwidth of information source code check dynamically adapting channel, prevents to cause packet loss or cause bandwidth resources to waste because of the transmission code check is low excessively because of network congestion.
The adjustment of described transmission rate sends the gap by the bag that changes data flow and realizes, be specially: take the fixedly long data flow sending method that adds fixing transmission gap of UDP bag, promptly every regular time at interval, send a UDP bag, the bag length of UDP bag is set according to the effective transmission bandwidth of channel, just the UDP bag is long to be realized by changing in the adjustment of transmission rate like this: when the Channel Detection module according to feedback information detection when the effective transmission bandwidth of channel changes, long by the bag that increases or reduce the UDP bag, realize adjustment, with the fluctuation of the effective transmission bandwidth of adaptive channel to transmission rate.
Step 3, two-stage information source Rate Control based on cache cleaner and encoder Rate Control: by the selective frame losing of video flowing in the buffer memory and the dynamic code rate of encoder are controlled, the information source code check is adjusted to consistent rapidly, prevented that the upper and lower of buffer memory from overflowing with the effective transmission bandwidth of channel.
Describedly the information source code check is adjusted to consistent rapidly, be meant: at first be cleaning, abandon, avoid the transmission of invalid data and waste bandwidth being subjected to the bag that lost package pollutes in the buffer memory to the transmitting terminal buffer memory with the effective transmission bandwidth of channel; Next is that the encoder bit rate of coding module is controlled, and unites realization by revising measures such as quantization parameter, image frame per second and image resolution ratio, and coding module encoding bit rate and the target bit rate that is estimated to are complementary.
Described encoder bit rate to coding module is controlled, and is specially: according to the requirement of user to picture quality, set adjustable quantization parameter scope, in this scope encoder bit rate is carried out the adjustment that adapts with the channel available bandwidth; When the thresholding that reaches the quantization parameter scope, in the time of still can't satisfying the code check adjustment and require, take image frame per second adjustment based on look-up table, according to available bandwidth, obtain corresponding target frame rate by tabling look-up; If also need satisfy the demand of user,,,, image resolution ratio is adjusted in real time by feedback channel according to the requirement of user to picture quality revising quantization parameter, adjusting on the basis of image frame per second to the differentiation of image.
Adaptive transmission system in the ascending honeycomb video communication of the present invention, comprise: transmitting terminal, transmission network, receiving terminal, transmitting terminal comprises video encoding unit and transmitting terminal transmission control unit, receiving terminal comprises video decoding unit and receiving terminal transmission control unit, transmitting terminal and receiving terminal transmit information by transmission network, wherein:
Video encoding unit is finished the collection and the compression of video, and the bit stream after the compression is sent into the transmitting terminal transmission control unit;
The transmitting terminal transmission control unit comprises: send buffer memory, the transmission rate control module, the Rate Control module, bandwidth detection, radio receiving transmitting module, wherein: send bit stream and buffer memory that buffer memory receiver, video coding unit sends, bandwidth detection is by the feedback informations such as packet loss of radio receiving transmitting module reception from receiving terminal, and obtain current available channel bandwidth according to these Information Statistics, set transmission rate and information source target bit rate, the transmission rate control module is according to the detected channel width of bandwidth detection, the bit stream that the transmission rate that provides by bandwidth detection will send in the buffer memory is sent into radio receiving transmitting module, radio receiving transmitting module sends this bit stream, be sent to receiving terminal through transmission network, the Rate Control module is according to the given information source target bit rate of bandwidth detection, by sending cache management, calculate encoder target code code check, and send this target bit rate to video encoding unit, video encoding unit is a foundation with this target bit rate, instruct the Rate Control of video encoding unit, obtain the encoder bit rate that adapts with channel width;
The receiving terminal transmission control unit comprises: wireless or wired transceiver module, reception buffer memory, Channel Detection module, wherein: the bit stream that wireless or wired transceiver module reception transmission network sends is also sent into the reception buffer memory, sends into the video decoding unit decoding and displaying again.The Channel Detection module is resolved the bit stream (rtp streaming) that receives in the buffer memory, continuity according to the packet header sequence number, the statistics packet drop, and produce feedback RTCP bag according to rtcp protocol and be transferred to wireless or wired transceiver module, be sent to transmitting terminal by wireless or wired transceiver module and transmission network;
Described transmission network comprises cellular radio and backbone network, and cellular radio is CDMA (code division multiple access) or GPRS (GPRS), and backbone network is the internet.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: the variation of transmission rate energy cochannel bandwidth of the present invention adapts to automatically, the probability that the packet loss incident that reduction causes because of the wireless signal-path band width fluctuation takes place is implemented in and makes client acquisition play quality as well as possible under the continuous situation about changing of network operation condition.Method of the present invention has obtained average packet loss ratio decline maximum and can reach 30% effect in multinomial experiment test.Adopt the honeycomb video system of the method for the invention and system, compared with prior art the present invention can obtain more continuous and the distinct image quality, simultaneously than not adopting homogeneous system of the present invention to exceed 15% error-resilient performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 the present invention is based on the adaptive transmission method protocol architecture schematic diagram of end-to-end feedback;
The flow chart that Fig. 2 adaptive transmission method transmission rate of the present invention is adjusted;
Ascending honeycomb video Adaptive Transmission apparatus structure block diagram among Fig. 3 the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed execution mode and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Present embodiment is based on the mobile video monitor system of CDMA (code division multiple access) 2000-1X network, this system adopts the main process chip of embedded digital signal processing chip TMS320DM642 as the coding and decoding video unit, realizes based on the coding and decoding video of standard H.264; Adopt the ARM central processing element, realize the transmission control unit function of transmitting terminal/receiving terminal; Utilize existing public mobile communication network CDMA2000-1X, as the cellular radio transmission network.This sample embodiment can be used for point-to-point and honeycomb video communication point-to-multipoint, for mobile video monitor provides feasible solution, makes and looks the restriction that Audio Monitoring System no longer is subjected to territorial scope.
Adaptive transmission method in the ascending honeycomb video communication that present embodiment relates to comprises following concrete steps:
Step 1, the effective transmission bandwidth perception of channel based on feedback: as shown in Figure 1, set up RTP/UDP/IP (RTP/datagram protocol/Internet Protocol) structure, the datum plane of this protocol architecture is responsible for transmitting the video flowing that uses the RTP packing, and the control plane of this protocol architecture utilizes the packet loss statistical information of RTCP (RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol) feedback channel simultaneously, transmitting terminal can be come by the statistical information of packet loss, estimate effective transmission bandwidth of channel, transmission code check in order to the control coding side can adapt it with the fluctuation of channel width;
Described RTP is the agreement of a lightweight, and it is based upon on the UDP, and information such as the sequence number in the RTP datagram head, timestamp, Synchronization Source provide possibility for monitoring means such as mistake are recovered, loss rate is estimated, transmission is multiplexing.
Described UDP is the alternative of TCP, is called UDP/IP with the IP agreement, and the simple unreliable information transfer service towards affairs is provided.Different with TCP, UDP does not provide functions such as the reliable mechanism of IP agreement, current control and wrong recoveries.Because UDP is fairly simple, be convenient to save the processing time, therefore substitute TCP and be used for the transmission of multimedia messagess such as video on IP network that real-time is had relatively high expectations.
The RTCP that matches with RTP, its function provides the feedback information about QoS (service quality), network terminal system adapts to different network conditions according to feedback information, the RTCP controlling packet has 5 types, what wherein be used to provide the QoS feedback has two kinds: sender report (SR) and receiving terminal are reported (RR), the former describes the transmission and the receiving and counting data of transmitting terminal, the latter describes the receiving and counting data of receiving terminal, and statistics comprises transmitting terminal bag and byte statistical number, the accumulative total number of dropped packets, the data-bag lost ratio, the highest receive sequence number of expansion, the time of advent space jitter etc.
As shown in Figure 2, described transmission code check and the fluctuation of channel width of control coding side are adapted, be meant: the video flowing of transmitting terminal after will compressing pressed the RTP/UDP/IP protocol architecture and packed, and sends to receiving terminal by transmission network; Receiving terminal receives, unpacks by the IP/UDP/RTP order, sends into video decoding unit and channel monitoring module simultaneously through buffer memory; The channel monitoring module is according to the sequence number in the RTP head, carrying out loss rate estimates, and generate the QoS feedback information: the rtcp protocol bag according to rtcp protocol, the rtcp protocol bag sends to the bandwidth detection of transmitting terminal through down channel, bandwidth detection is according to the statistical informations such as packet loss that receive, carry out the estimation of channel effective bandwidth, if packet loss P
LossMore than or equal to threshold value P
TH, P
TH=5%, think that then channel has taken place error code occurs, effective bandwidth descends and forms " network congestion "; If packet loss P
LossLess than threshold value P
TH, think that so channel transmission quality is good, network congestion does not take place.
Step 2 according to effective transmission bandwidth of step 1 perception, adopts to change data packet length and send the transmission rate that method is at interval adjusted data flow;
Traditional transmission method adopts the linearity increase property taken advantage of minimizing (AIMD) method of the property surveyed mostly, if i.e. loss rate P
LossLess than threshold value P
TH, then will send code check increases an increment Delta R (but the code check after increasing can not greater than the transmission code rate upper limit MaxR that sets); Otherwise, P
LossMore than or equal to threshold value P
TH, sending code check and will drop to α R (0＜α＜1) rapidly, i.e. the property taken advantage of minimizing can be expressed as it:
If P
Loss＜P
THR=min{ (R+ Δ R) then, MaxR};
Otherwise R=max{ (α R), MinR};
Wherein: P
LossBe exactly the actual loss rate of packet, P
TH, MinR, MaxR be respectively the threshold values P of data-bag lost rate
THWith the scope [MinR, MaxR] of transmission rate, these all are the key parameters of decision receiving end video quality; R is the transmission rate of source end, and Δ R is the linear speed that increases, and α is for subtracting sex factor (0＜α＜1), the Loss Rate P of packet
LossBeing the source end calculates according to the feedback report of receiving end.
As shown in Figure 2, described employing changes data packet length and sends the transmission rate that method is at interval adjusted data flow, is specially:
The first step, initialization: set the initial long L of UDP bag
UDPWith initial information source code check R
sL is set in load that brings for balanced packet header and the restriction of MTU (MTU)
UDPBe 1024Byte, and will be worth to compose and be the UDP packet length L of current time
cR
sBandwidth according to the used channel of reality is provided with, and can be made as 80kbps as the available bandwidth of present CDMA2000-1X, simultaneously, and with R
sCompose and be channel available bandwidth R
c
Second step sent with the fixing gap that sends, and was specially: to the RTP data flow behind the coding, carry out the UDP packing according to the UDP packet length of setting; For reducing the losing probability of I frame, set each UDP bag and can not comprise I frame and P frame (the I frame is cut apart the part of the not enough integer in a back UDP bag, is UDP actual loading length with the real surplus number, and this bag is not subjected to the long restriction of fixed packet at this moment) simultaneously.The transmission gap of adjacent two bags is fixed, and the transmission rate of data flow is decided the gap T of transmission by the UDP bag number that sends in the per second
DurLength and channel width according to the UDP bag are pressed the following formula setting:
T
dur＝R
c/L
UDP
R wherein
cBe channel available bandwidth, L
UDPBe the UDP packet length;
The 3rd step by change UDP packet length, increased or reduced transmission rate, was specially: when channel effective bandwidth changes, need send the code check change, by revising the length of UDP bag, realize revising accordingly sending code check.Suppose that sending target bit rate is R
t, then the long correction amount L of UDP bag calculates according to following formula:
ΔL＝R
t/T
dur-L
c
Wherein, L
cBe the UDP packet length of current time, T
DurFor sending the gap.
Next long being modified to of UDP bag constantly
L
n＝L
c+ΔL。
Step 3, two-stage information source Rate Control based on cache cleaner and encoder Rate Control: by the selective frame losing of video flowing in the buffer memory and the dynamic code rate of encoder are controlled, the information source code check is adjusted to consistent rapidly, prevented that the upper and lower of buffer memory from overflowing with the effective transmission bandwidth of channel.
Describedly the information source code check is adjusted to consistent rapidly, be meant: at first be cleaning, abandon, avoid the transmission of invalid data and waste bandwidth being subjected to the bag that lost package pollutes in the buffer memory to the transmitting terminal buffer memory with the effective transmission bandwidth of channel; Next is that the encoder bit rate of coding module is controlled, and unites realization by revising measures such as quantization parameter, image frame per second and image resolution ratio, and coding module encoding bit rate and the target bit rate that is estimated to are complementary.
Described cache cleaner, be meant: in GOP (image sets) coding structure based on time domain prediction, the losing of former frame image will cause that successive image distortion occurs because of losing of reference frame among the same GOP, the rapid deterioration that will cause video quality under the serious situation, the frame that these are polluted because of packet loss has little significance to the decoding and reconstituting of video.Based on this, these contaminated invalid frames can be removed to improve bandwidth utilization at transmitting terminal, the channel packet drop that obtains according to bandwidth detection when the Rate Control module, to whether there being the contaminated frame that does not send to detect in the buffer memory, and detected invalid frame shifted out from buffer memory, no longer send, according to the buffer memory filling degree after the cleaning, the Rate Control module recomputates, sets the encoder bit rate of encoder, and the notice video encoding unit according to this code check carry out encoder bit rate control as target bit rate.
Described encoder Rate Control is specially:
Step 1, the frame level quantized parameter is adjusted: adopt the Rate Control scheme G012 in JVT (joint video team) motion, fullness degree and target bit rate according to buffering area carry out the frame level bit distribution, and according to the prediction MAD (mean absolute error) value utilize binomial code check model to carry out the calculating of quantized level, carrying out the rate-distortion optimization macro block mode with this quantized level again differentiates, consider the assurance of picture quality, by setting the scope of a quantization parameter, restriction is because the adjustment of this parameter causes the unacceptable of picture quality;
Step 2, the image frame per second is adjusted: when still being difficult to reach target bit rate after the quantization parameter in the step 1 is adjusted within the acceptable range, can further reducing encoder bit rate by the adjustment of image frame per second, thereby reach the purpose of information source Rate Control.The adjustment of frame per second is tabled look-up and is obtained by the bandwidth-frame per second correspondence table that sets in advance, and bandwidth-frame per second correspondence table can be adjusted as required or be reset by obtaining based on the quality situation to different code check situation hypographs by the user.In the present embodiment, the bandwidth-frame per second shown in the employing table 1 is adjusted corresponding scope, R in the table
TBe detected channel available bandwidth, CIF resolution is 352 pixel x288 pixels, and D1 resolution is 704 pixel x576 pixels.
Coding frame per second scope under table 1 different bandwidth
| CIF resolution | D1 resolution | |
| R T≥80kbps | 9-15 frame/second | 3-5 frame/second |
| 60≤R T＜80kbps | 6-9 frame/second | 1-3 frame/second |
| 40≤R T＜60kbps | 3-6 frame/second | Do not support |
| R T＜40 | 3 frame/seconds | Do not support |
Step 3, spatial resolution adjustment: between two kinds of resolution of CIF and D1 (only supporting during greater than 60kbps), switch at code check.On the basis of mode one and mode two, can independently select the switching of this mode according to user's demand.In the embodiment of specific implementation, the adjustment of spatial resolution can be passed through the server end Long-distance Control, promptly dynamically changes the spatial resolution of coded image according to user's needs; Also can switch according to channel available bandwidth self adaptation.User's dynamic adjustment order can be taked modes such as ICP/IP protocol by down channel, is fed to encoder in real time.
As shown in Figure 3, adaptive transmission system in the related ascending honeycomb video communication of present embodiment, comprise: transmitting terminal, transmission network, receiving terminal, transmitting terminal comprises video encoding unit and transmitting terminal transmission control unit, receiving terminal comprises video decoding unit and receiving terminal transmission control unit, transmitting terminal and receiving terminal transmit information by transmission network, wherein:
Video encoding unit is finished the collection and the compression of video, and the bit stream after the compression is sent into the transmitting terminal transmission control unit;
The transmitting terminal transmission control unit comprises: send buffer memory, the transmission rate control module, the Rate Control module, bandwidth detection, radio receiving transmitting module, wherein: send bit stream and buffer memory that buffer memory receiver, video coding unit sends, bandwidth detection is by the feedback informations such as packet loss of radio receiving transmitting module reception from receiving terminal, and obtain current available channel bandwidth according to these Information Statistics, set transmission rate and information source target bit rate, the transmission rate control module is according to the detected channel width of bandwidth detection, the bit stream that the transmission rate that provides by bandwidth detection will send in the buffer memory is sent into radio receiving transmitting module, radio receiving transmitting module sends this bit stream, be sent to receiving terminal through transmission network, the Rate Control module is according to the given information source target bit rate of bandwidth detection, by sending cache management, calculate encoder target code code check, and send this target bit rate to video encoding unit, video encoding unit is a foundation with this video code rate, instruct the Rate Control of video encoding unit, obtain the encoder bit rate that adapts with channel width;
The receiving terminal transmission control unit comprises: wireless or wired transceiver module, reception buffer memory, Channel Detection module, wherein: the bit stream that wireless or wired transceiver module reception transmission network sends is also sent into the reception buffer memory, send into the video decoding unit decoding and displaying again, the Channel Detection module is resolved the bit stream (rtp streaming) that receives in the buffer memory, continuity according to the packet header sequence number, the statistics packet drop, and produce feedback RTCP bag according to rtcp protocol and be transferred to wireless or wired transceiver module, be sent to transmitting terminal by wireless or wired transceiver module and transmission network;
Described transmission network comprises cellular radio and backbone network, and cellular radio is CDMA (code division multiple access) or GPRS (GPRS), and backbone network is the internet.
Carried out test relatively to adopting below with the performance that does not adopt two systems of the described adaptive transmission method of present embodiment.In test, adopt in the present embodiment parameter such as video encoding standard as shown in table 2, test result is as shown in table 3.Result shown in the table 3 is the repeatedly mean value of field test of areal (sub-district, Lujiazui, Shanghai City): same test every day time period is once tested 50 times altogether, and packet loss is the mean value of 50 tests.This repeatedly statistical average of actual test has guaranteed experimental result fairness (because the non-reproduction of actual environment, absolute fairness is impossible realize) to a certain extent.In the table 3 packet loss and subjective quality under three kinds of transmission methods are compared.Be the sight that measure (pull out the wireless module antenna, with radome with terminal part shielding etc.) is provided with channel degradation etc. by the people in the test, as the testing time section 2 and 4 in the table 3.
By the comparison of substantive test result in the table 3, as can be seen: compare with the transmission method (scheme 1) that adopts higher constant rate of speed, can under video quality descends unconspicuous situation, significantly improve continuity; And compare with the transmission method (scheme 2) that adopts low constant rate of speed, have similar continuity simultaneously, improve channel utilization by the channel self-adapting Rate Control, obtained higher video quality (subjective more clear).Simultaneously, in the actual test result shown in the table 3, present embodiment has been obtained average packet loss ratio decline maximum and can have been reached 30% effect (time period 4) and can resist the error-resilient performance that packet loss reaches 20% (time period 2).
CDMA mobile video monitor system parameter is provided with situation in table 2 present embodiment
| Parameter name | Numerical value |
| Video encoding standard | H.264baseline |
| L UDP | 1024bytes |
| R s | 80kbps |
| P TH | 5％ |
The data transmit-receive test result of CDMA mobile video monitor system under different transmission schemes in this enforcement of table 3
| Time period (each time period is 30 minutes) | Scheme 1: do not adopt adaptive transmission method (the constant 80kbps of being of transmission rate) | Scheme 2: do not adopt adaptive transmission method (the constant 40kbps of being of transmission rate) | Scheme 3: adopt adaptive transmission method (concrete parameter sees Table 2) | |||
| Packet loss | Subjective quality | Packet loss | Subjective quality | Packet loss | Subjective quality | |
| 1 | ＜1％ | The clear picture content is continuous | ＜1％ | The fuzzy content of image is continuous | ＜1％ | The clear picture content is continuous |
| 2 | About 20% | The clear picture content is interrupted | ＜1％ | The fuzzy content of image is continuous | ＜1％ | The clear picture content is continuous |
| 3 | ＜1％ | The clear picture content is continuous | ＜1％ | The fuzzy content of image is continuous | ＜1％ | The clear picture content is continuous |
| 4 | About 33% | Clear picture part-time place blocked state | ＜1％ | The fuzzy content of image occurs intermittently once in a while | About 3% | The more clear content of image occurs intermittently once in a while |
| 5 | ＜1％ | The clear picture content is continuous | ＜1％ | The fuzzy content of image is continuous | ＜1％ | The clear picture content is continuous |
Claims (8)
1. adaptive transmission method in the ascending honeycomb video communication is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1, the effective transmission bandwidth perception of channel based on feedback: set up RTP/datagram protocol/Internet Protocol structure, the datum plane of this protocol architecture is responsible for transmitting the video flowing that uses the RTP packing, and the control plane of this protocol architecture utilizes the packet loss statistical information of RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol feedback channel simultaneously, make the transmitting terminal can be by the statistical information of packet loss, estimate effective transmission bandwidth of channel, in order to the transmission code check of control coding side, the transmission code check of control coding side and the fluctuation of channel width are adapted;
Step 2 according to effective transmission bandwidth of step 1 perception, is adjusted the transmission rate of data flow, and the adjustment of transmission rate sends the gap by the bag that changes data flow and realizes;
Step 3, two-stage information source Rate Control based on cache cleaner and encoder Rate Control: by the selective frame losing of video flowing in the buffer memory and the dynamic code rate of encoder are controlled, the information source code check is adjusted to consistent rapidly, prevented that the upper and lower of buffer memory from overflowing with the effective transmission bandwidth of channel.
2. adaptive transmission method in the ascending honeycomb video communication according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the control transmission code check of coding side and the fluctuation of channel width are adapted, be meant: the video flowing after transmitting terminal will compress is pressed RTP/datagram protocol/Internet Protocol structure packing, send to receiving terminal by transmission network, receiving terminal receives in proper order by Internet Protocol/datagram protocol/RTP, unpack, send into decoder and feedback control module simultaneously through buffer memory, feedback control module is according to the sequence number in the RTP head, carrying out loss rate estimates, and generate quality of service feedback information: the RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol bag according to RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol, the RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol bag sends to the Rate Control unit of receiving terminal through down channel, the Rate Control unit is according to the packet loss statistical information that receives, carry out the estimation of the effective transmission bandwidth of channel, if packet loss P
LossMore than or equal to the threshold value P that sets
TH, think that then channel has taken place error code occurs, effectively transmission bandwidth descends and forms " network congestion "; If packet loss P
LossLess than the threshold value P that sets
TH, then channel transmission quality is good, and network congestion does not take place.
3. adaptive transmission method in the ascending honeycomb video communication according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the transmission rate of described adjustment data flow, be specially: by setting up reponse system end to end, utilize RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol, give transmitting terminal with the detected packet loss feedback information of receiving terminal, transmitting terminal is estimated error code situation and effective transmission bandwidth of channel according to feedback information, when detecting the effective transmission bandwidth of channel and change, transmission control unit by transmitting terminal starts congested control, transmission rate is adjusted: higher at packet loss, when the effective transmission bandwidth of channel descends, carry out channel error code at interval by the transmission that strengthens grouping and avoid; When the effective transmission bandwidth of, channel lower at packet loss rises, send the gap, promote code check to make full use of channel width by reducing grouping; Simultaneously, the Rate Control by to encoder and transmission buffer memory makes the fluctuation of the effective transmission bandwidth of encoder bit rate dynamically adapting channel, prevents to cause packet loss or cause bandwidth resources to waste because of the transmission code check is low excessively because of network congestion.
4. adaptive transmission method in the ascending honeycomb video communication according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the adjustment of described transmission rate sends the gap by the bag that changes data flow and realizes, be specially: take fixed data newspaper protocol package length to add the fixing data flow sending method that sends the gap, promptly every regular time at interval, send a datagram protocol package, the bag length of datagram protocol bag is set according to the effective transmission bandwidth of channel, the adjustment of transmission rate just realizes by changing datagram protocol bag length, when the Channel Detection module according to feedback information detection when the effective transmission bandwidth of channel changes, long by the bag that increases or reduce the datagram protocol bag, realize adjustment, with the fluctuation of the effective transmission bandwidth of adaptive channel to transmission rate.
5. adaptive transmission method in the ascending honeycomb video communication according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the information source code check is adjusted to rapidly consistent with the effective transmission bandwidth of channel, be meant: at first be cleaning the transmitting terminal buffer memory, the bag that is subjected to the lost package pollution in the buffer memory is abandoned, avoid the transmission of invalid data and waste bandwidth, next is that the encoder bit rate of coding module is controlled, unite realization by revising quantization parameter, image frame per second and image resolution ratio measure, coding module encoding bit rate and the target bit rate that is estimated to are complementary.
6. adaptive transmission method in the ascending honeycomb video communication according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterized in that, described encoder bit rate to coding module is controlled, be specially: according to the requirement of user picture quality, set and quantize parameter area, in this scope, encoder bit rate is carried out the adjustment that adapts with the channel available bandwidth, when the thresholding that reaches the quantization parameter scope, in the time of still can't satisfying the code check adjustment and require, take image frame per second adjustment based on look-up table, according to available bandwidth, obtain corresponding target frame rate by tabling look-up; If also need satisfy the demand of user,,,, image resolution ratio is adjusted in real time by feedback channel according to the requirement of user to picture quality revising quantization parameter, adjusting on the basis of image frame per second to the differentiation of image.
7. adaptive transmission system in the ascending honeycomb video communication, it is characterized in that, comprise: transmitting terminal, transmission network, receiving terminal, transmitting terminal comprises video encoding unit and transmitting terminal transmission control unit, receiving terminal comprises video decoding unit and receiving terminal transmission control unit, transmitting terminal and receiving terminal transmit information by transmission network, wherein:
Video encoding unit is finished the collection and the compression of video, and the bit stream after the compression is sent into the transmitting terminal transmission control unit;
The transmitting terminal transmission control unit comprises: send buffer memory, the transmission rate control module, the Rate Control module, bandwidth detection, radio receiving transmitting module, wherein: send bit stream and buffer memory that buffer memory receiver, video coding unit sends, bandwidth detection is by the feedback informations such as packet loss of radio receiving transmitting module reception from receiving terminal, and obtain current available channel bandwidth according to these Information Statistics, set transmission rate and information source target bit rate, the transmission rate control module is according to the detected channel width of bandwidth detection, the bit stream that the transmission rate that provides by bandwidth detection will send in the buffer memory is sent into radio receiving transmitting module, radio receiving transmitting module sends this bit stream, be sent to receiving terminal through transmission network, the Rate Control module is according to the given information source target bit rate of bandwidth detection, by sending cache management, calculate encoder target code code check, and send this target bit rate to video encoding unit, video encoding unit is a foundation with this video code rate, instruct the Rate Control of video encoding unit, obtain the encoder bit rate that adapts with channel width;
The receiving terminal transmission control unit comprises: wireless or wired transceiver module, receive buffer memory, the Channel Detection module, wherein: the bit stream that wireless or wired transceiver module reception transmission network sends is also sent into the reception buffer memory, send into the video decoding unit decoding and displaying again, the Channel Detection module is resolved the bit stream that receives in the buffer memory, continuity according to the packet header sequence number, the statistics packet drop, and produce feedback RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol bag according to RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol and be transferred to wireless or wired transceiver module, be sent to transmitting terminal by wireless or wired transceiver module and transmission network.
8. the Adaptive Transmission system of ascending honeycomb video communication according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described transmission network comprises cellular radio and backbone network, and cellular radio is code division multiple access or GPRS, and backbone network is the internet.
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