CN103580773A - Method and device for transmitting data frame - Google Patents
Method and device for transmitting data frame Download PDFInfo
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- CN103580773A CN103580773A CN201210249130.XA CN201210249130A CN103580773A CN 103580773 A CN103580773 A CN 103580773A CN 201210249130 A CN201210249130 A CN 201210249130A CN 103580773 A CN103580773 A CN 103580773A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for transmitting a data frame. The method comprises that: a type of the data frame to be transmitted is confirmed; and a link used for transmitting the data frame to be transmitted is selected in currently available multiple links according to the type of the data frame to be transmitted. The link with the best transmission quality in the multiple links is selected for the data frame of the first type, and other links apart from the link with the best transmission quality in the multiple links are selected for the data frame of the second type. Decoding of the data frame of the second type relies on the data frame of the first type, and the data frame to be transmitted is transmitted via the selected links. Real-time performance and reliability of data transmission are enhanced by the method and the device for transmitting the data frame.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, in particular to a kind of transmission method and device of Frame.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of the communication technology, nowadays network-termination device is equipped with a plurality of network interfaces conventionally, and the network domains that same terminal accesses a plurality of isomeries simultaneously has become possibility.Under such access environment, how research reasonably utilizes real-time and the high bandwidth requirements that many interfaces transmit to meet multimedia real-time transmission to be simultaneously significant.
Traditional transport layer protocol, for example, transmission control protocol (Transfer Control Protocol, referred to as TCP) is mainly in order to solve fairness and the reliability of transmission at the beginning of design, does not consider the real-time of transmission.Its windowing mechanism and congestion control have limited the real-time of transmission, in the higher network of packet loss, for example, in wireless network, lose frequently re-transmission and can have a strong impact on real-time.In addition, it is the transmission of a kind of single footpath, in transmitting procedure, only can use single-pathway, and, disconnection and reconnect larger time overhead after network congestion.Therefore, TCP transmission performance can be with the rising degradation of packet loss.
Existing RTP RTP/real time control protocol (Real-Time Protocol/Real-Time Control Protocol, referred to as RTP/RTCP), and real-time streaming protocol (Real-Time Streaming Protocol, referred to as RTSP) be all based on User Data Protocol (User Date Protocol, referred to as UDP) single footpath real-time Transmission, in the business data transmission higher to requirement of real-time, for example, in high-quality multimedia transmission, can not guarantee the quality of video, the loss of key frame can affect the recovery of a plurality of frames, especially in packet loss and the higher wireless network of time delay.
In addition, existing RTP all belongs to the transmission of single footpath, during transmission data, select fixing network interface, only have when network congestion or after disconnecting and could again choose new interface, can not make full use of current available Internet resources, in real-time multimedia transmission, have a strong impact on the real-time of transmission.
In view of the These characteristics of existing RTP, Internet Engineering task groups (Internet Engineering Task Force, referred to as IETF) has proposed multipath Transmission Control Protocol (MPTCP).In MPTCP agreement, by a plurality of transmission paths (many subflows), jointly complete same transformation task, every subflow is similar to conventional TCP, has windowing mechanism and the congestion control of self, accepts again the management of MPTCP simultaneously.Therefore, MPTCP can utilize a plurality of interfaces preferably, makes full use of available network and carries out transfer of data.
Yet, in heterogeneous network, the link-quality of each network is different, and in the situation that the data of transmitting on each link have correlation, for example, the key frame in multi-medium data may affect the decoding of non-key frame, because the data reliability of the poor link transmission of transmission quality is poor, the data that affect the good link of transmission quality cannot successfully be decoded, thereby have influence on the real-time of transfer of data.Visible, when the data on each transmission link have correlation, the poor link of transmission quality will affect the transmission of the better link of transmission quality, and the poor link of transmission quality is the bottleneck link of transfer of data.In addition,, in real-time multimedia data transmission, it cannot meet real-time transmission requirement.
Summary of the invention
For in the situation that in Frame waiting for transmission the decoding of partial data frame rely on other Frames, multipath RTP in correlation technique cannot meet the problem that transmission real-time and transmission quantity require, the invention provides a kind of transmission method and device of Frame, at least to address the above problem.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of transmission method of Frame, having comprised: the type of determining Frame waiting for transmission; In current available multilink, type according to described Frame waiting for transmission, choose the link of the described data to be transmitted frame of transmission, wherein, for the Frame of the first kind, choose the best link of transmission quality in described multilink, Frame for Second Type, choose other links except the best link of described transmission quality in described multilink, wherein, the decoding of the Frame of described Second Type depends on the Frame of the described first kind; By Frame waiting for transmission described in the link transmission of choosing.
Preferably, when described Frame waiting for transmission belongs to the first kind, by data to be transmitted frame described in the link transmission of choosing, comprising: described Frame waiting for transmission is carried out to redundancy encoding; By the Frame described waiting for transmission after the link transmission redundancy encoding of choosing.
Preferably, described Frame waiting for transmission is carried out to redundancy encoding, comprising: by fountain coding, described Frame waiting for transmission is carried out to redundancy encoding, obtain a plurality of encoded packets of transmitting on the link of choosing; Frame described waiting for transmission by after the link transmission redundancy encoding of choosing, comprising: by the link of choosing, transmit successively described a plurality of encoded packets.
Preferably, after the described encoded packets of transmission predetermined number, also comprise: the quantity of determining the described encoded packets that also needs transmission according to the transmission quality of the link of choosing, wherein, if the transmission quality of the link of choosing rises, described in reducing, also need the quantity of the encoded packets of transmission, if the link transmission quality of choosing declines, increase the quantity of the encoded packets that also needs transmission.
Preferably, the quantity that also needs the encoded packets of transmission described in determining according to following formula: △ n=[N-log
2(1-δ)-n-n ' is (1-p)]/(1-p), wherein, △ n is for also needing the quantity of the coding groups of transmission, p is the current packet loss of link of choosing, the size of N encoded packets described in each, n is the quantity of the efficient coding bag that received of receiving terminal, and n ' has sent but the quantity of the unreceived encoded packets of described receiving terminal, and δ is the default power that is decoded into.
Preferably, also comprise: according to the link information of every link in described multilink, the information of the transmission quality of every link described in real-time update.
Preferably, described link information comprise following one of at least: the actual transmissions time delay of the present packet loss of link, link and link send the interval time of data.
Preferably, the information of the transmission quality of every link described in real-time update, comprise: according to the interval time of the actual transmissions time delay of the present packet loss of link, link and link transmission data, determine described every link transmission time desired value, wherein, described transmission time desired value is larger, and the transmission quality of link is better, described transmission time desired value is less, and the transmission quality of link is poorer.
Preferably, according to following formula, determine the described transmission time desired value of described every link:
wherein, Ti is described transmission time desired value, and pi is the current packet loss of link, d
ifor the actual transmissions time delay of link, t
ifor the interval time of link transmission data, the number of times that k is transmission success.
Preferably, described multilink is many transmission control protocol TCP links in Multipath Transmission control protocol MPTCP.
Preferably, for the Frame of Second Type, when transmission data, forbid adopting the retransmission mechanism of TCP link.
Preferably, described Frame waiting for transmission comprises the Frame of multimedia service; The Frame of the described first kind is the key frame of described multi-medium data, the non-key frame that the Frame of described Second Type is described multi-medium data.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of transmitting device of Frame, having comprised: determination module, for determining the type of Frame waiting for transmission; Choose module, be used at current available multilink, according to the type of described Frame waiting for transmission, choose the link of the described data to be transmitted frame of transmission, wherein, Frame for the first kind, choose the best link of transmission quality in described multilink, for the Frame of Second Type, choose other links except the best link of described transmission quality in described multilink, wherein, the decoding of the Frame of described Second Type depends on the Frame of the described first kind; Transport module, for Frame waiting for transmission described in the link transmission by choosing.
Preferably, described transport module comprises: coding unit, for when described Frame waiting for transmission belongs to the first kind, carries out redundancy encoding to described Frame waiting for transmission; Transmission unit, for the Frame described waiting for transmission after the link transmission redundancy encoding by choosing.
Preferably, described coding unit in such a way to described Frame waiting for transmission to carrying out redundancy encoding: by fountain coding, described Frame waiting for transmission is carried out to redundancy encoding, obtain a plurality of encoded packets of transmitting on the link of choosing; Described transmission unit is the Frame described waiting for transmission after transmitting redundancy coding in such a way: by the link of choosing, transmit successively described a plurality of encoded packets.。
Preferably, described transport module also comprises: determining unit, after the described encoded packets at transmission predetermined number, according to the transmission quality of the link of choosing, determine the quantity of the described encoded packets that also needs transmission, wherein, if the transmission quality of the link of choosing rises, described in reducing, also need the quantity of the encoded packets of transmission, if the link transmission quality of choosing declines, increase the quantity of the encoded packets that also needs transmission.
Preferably, described determining unit is determined the quantity of the encoded packets that also needs transmission according to following formula: △ n=[N-log
2(1-δ)-n-n ' is (1-p)]/(1-p), wherein, △ n is for also needing the quantity of the coding groups of transmission, p is the current packet loss of link of choosing, the size of N encoded packets described in each, n is the quantity of the efficient coding bag that received of receiving terminal, and n ' has sent but the quantity of the unreceived encoded packets of described receiving terminal, and δ is the default power that is decoded into.
Preferably, also comprise: update module, for according to the link information of every link of described multilink, the information of the transmission quality of every link described in real-time update.
Preferably, described update module is the information of the transmission quality of every link described in real-time update in such a way: the interval time that sends data according to the actual transmissions time delay of the present packet loss of link, link and link, determine described every link transmission time desired value, wherein, described transmission time desired value is larger, the transmission quality of link is better, and described transmission time desired value is less, and the transmission quality of link is poorer.
Preferably, described update module is determined the described transmission time desired value of described every link according to following formula:
wherein, Ti is described transmission time desired value, p
ifor the current packet loss of link, d
ifor the actual transmissions time delay of link, t
ifor the interval time of link transmission data, the number of times that k is transmission success.
By the present invention, first determine the type of Frame waiting for transmission, in current available multilink, type according to Frame waiting for transmission, choose the link of transmission data to be transmitted frame, Frame for the first kind, choose the best link of transmission quality in multilink, Frame for Second Type, choose other links except the best link of described transmission quality in multilink, wherein, the decoding of the Frame of Second Type depends on the Frame of the first kind, by the link transmission Frame waiting for transmission of choosing, real-time and the reliability of the data frame transfer of the first kind have been guaranteed, make the data can real-time decoding, thereby real-time and the reliability of business data transmission have been guaranteed.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms the application's a part, and schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is according to the flow chart of the sending method of the Frame of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is according to the structured flowchart of the transmitting device of the Frame of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is according to the structured flowchart of the preferred transport module of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is according to the structured flowchart of the another preferred transport module of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is according to the structured flowchart of the transmitting device of the preferred Frame of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is according to the frame diagram of the multimedia multipath RTP of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is according to the flow chart of the multimedia multipath live transmission method of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing, also describe the present invention in detail in conjunction with the embodiments.It should be noted that, in the situation that not conflicting, embodiment and the feature in embodiment in the application can combine mutually.
Fig. 1 is according to the flow chart of the sending method of the Frame of the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 1, the method can comprise that step S102 is to step S106.
Step S102, determines the type of Frame waiting for transmission.
Step S104, in current available multilink, according to the type of Frame waiting for transmission, choose the link of transmission data to be transmitted frame, wherein, Frame for the first kind, choose the best link of transmission quality in multilink, for the Frame of Second Type, choose other links except the best link of transmission quality in multilink, wherein, the decoding of the Frame of Second Type depends on the Frame of the first kind.
Step S106, by the link transmission Frame waiting for transmission of choosing.
The Frame of the first kind has influence on the decoding of Second Type data, in the situation that the Frame of the first kind can not guarantee real-time and reliability, the Frame of Second Type cannot successfully be decoded, thereby cause the real-time of business to reduce, and traffic affecting user experiences.In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, in order further to improve real-time and the reliability of the data frame transfer of the first kind, can adopt redundant transmission mode to transmit the Frame of the first kind.Preferably, when Frame waiting for transmission belongs to the first kind, by described in the link transmission of choosing during data to be transmitted frame, can carry out redundancy encoding to Frame waiting for transmission, and by the Frame waiting for transmission after the link transmission redundancy encoding of choosing.
Fountain coding is the irrelevant random coded technology of a kind of code check, by Frame is carried out to fountain coding, transmitting terminal can generate the k of a data block original packet the encoded packets of any amount, each encoded packets be K the random several groupings in original packet step-by-step and, as long as receiving terminal is received wherein the individual encoded packets of k (1+ ε) arbitrarily, can with high probability, successfully recover whole original packet by decoding, obtain the data block sending.Fountain coding not only has very little decoding expense ε, and has simple decoding method and very little encoding and decoding complexity.The randomness of utilizing fountain coding to have, it is unordered that a data block is carried out between the coding groups after fountain coding, recipient needn't wait for the grouping of loss.And, because fountain coding has code check independence, when packet loss increases suddenly, also only need the encoded packets that produces at random again some to send to Correspondent Node, needn't coding groups before be stored and be retransmitted.
These characteristics in view of fountain coding, in a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, when Frame waiting for transmission is carried out to redundancy encoding, can to Frame waiting for transmission, carry out redundancy encoding by fountain coding, obtain a plurality of encoded packets of transmitting on the link of choosing.Further, during Frame waiting for transmission by after the link transmission redundancy encoding of choosing, by the link of choosing, transmit successively a plurality of encoded packets that fountain coding obtains.
Variation along with the transmission quality of link, when transmission quality is better, only needs to transmit the encoded packets of lesser amt, receiving terminal is that decodable code obtains the Frame sending, when transmission quality is poor, need to transmit the encoded packets of a greater number, so that receiving terminal decoding obtains the Frame sending.Therefore, in a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, can in the process of transfer encoding bag, adjust the quantity that also needs the encoded packets that sends, to reduce the volume of transmitted data of transmission quality when better, and receiving terminal can successfully be decoded while guaranteeing that transmission quality is poor.Preferably, after the encoded packets of transmission predetermined number, can determine according to the transmission quality of the link of choosing the quantity of the encoded packets that also needs transmission, if the transmission quality of the link of choosing rises, can reduce the quantity of the encoded packets that also needs transmission, if the link transmission quality of choosing declines, can increase the quantity of the encoded packets that also needs transmission.
Further, the packet loss of link, the size of encoded packets, and the situation of receiving terminal all can have influence on the quantity of the encoded packets need sending, therefore, in a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, can determine according to following formula the quantity of the encoded packets that also needs transmission:
△n=[N-log
2(1-δ)-n-n′(1-p)]/(1-p)
Wherein, △ n is for also needing the quantity of the coding groups of transmission, and p is the current packet loss of link of choosing, the size of each encoded packets of N, n is the quantity of the efficient coding bag that received of receiving terminal, and n ' has sent but the quantity of the unreceived encoded packets of receiving terminal, and δ is the default power that is decoded into.
In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, can also be according to the link information of every link in multilink, the information of the transmission quality of every link of real-time update, with in the transmitting procedure of data, according to the transmission quality of current each link, choose corresponding link and transmit, guarantee real-time and the reliability of transfer of data.When setting up multilink, also can be according to the link information of each new link connection, the information of the transmission quality of each link of initialization.
The quality of each link is different, the link information that affects the transmission quality of each link can include but not limited to following one of at least: the actual transmissions time delay of the present packet loss of link, link and link send the interval time of data.In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to guarantee the real-time of transfer of data, parameter of measurement that can be using the desired value of each link transmission time as transmission quality.Preferably, during the information of the transmission quality of every link of real-time update, can be according to the interval time of the actual transmissions time delay of the present packet loss of link, link and link transmission data, determine every link transmission time desired value, wherein, transmission time desired value is larger, and the transmission quality of link is better, transmission time desired value is less, and the transmission quality of link is poorer.
Further, in a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, can determine according to following formula the described transmission time desired value of described every link:
Wherein, Ti is transmission time desired value, p
ifor the current packet loss of link, d
ifor the actual transmissions time delay of link, t
ifor the interval time of link transmission data, the number of times that k is transmission success.
In actual applications, the multilink of transmitting data frame can be many TCP links in MPTCP.Because the Frame of Second Type is less on the impact of business datum decoding, in order to reduce the data volume of transmission, for the Frame of Second Type, when transmission data, can forbid adopting the retransmission mechanism of TCP link.
Preferably, said method can be applied in the transmission of the more much higher media data of requirement of real-time, Frame waiting for transmission is the Frame of multimedia service, the key frame of multi-medium data is corresponding to the Frame of the above-mentioned first kind, and the non-key frame of multi-medium data is corresponding to the Frame of Second Type.The application of said method in multimedia multipath real-time Transmission, footpath will be described in the following preferred embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention.
Pass through the embodiment of the present invention, first determine the type of Frame waiting for transmission, in current available multilink, type according to Frame waiting for transmission, choose the link of transmission data to be transmitted frame, Frame for the first kind, choose the best link of transmission quality in multilink, Frame for Second Type, choose other links except the best link of described transmission quality in multilink, wherein, the decoding of the Frame of Second Type depends on the Frame of the first kind, by the link transmission Frame waiting for transmission of choosing, real-time and the reliability of the data frame transfer of the first kind have been guaranteed, make the data can real-time decoding, thereby real-time and the reliability of business data transmission have been guaranteed.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, also provide a kind of transmitting device of Frame, in order to realize the said method of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is according to the structured flowchart of the transmitting device of the Frame of the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 2, this device mainly comprises: determination module 10, choose module 20 and transport module 30.Wherein, determination module 10, for determining the type of Frame waiting for transmission; Choose module 20, be coupled with determination module 10, at current available multilink, according to the type of Frame waiting for transmission, choose the link of transmission data to be transmitted frame, wherein, for the Frame of the first kind, choose the best link of transmission quality in multilink, Frame for Second Type, choose other links except the best link of transmission quality in multilink, wherein, the decoding of the Frame of Second Type depends on the Frame of the first kind; Transport module 30, is coupled with choosing module 20, for the Frame waiting for transmission of the link transmission by choosing.
The Frame of the first kind has influence on the decoding of Second Type data, in the situation that the Frame of the first kind can not guarantee real-time and reliability, the Frame of Second Type cannot successfully be decoded, thereby cause the real-time of business to reduce, and traffic affecting user experiences.In order further to improve real-time and the reliability of the data frame transfer of the first kind, can adopt redundant transmission mode to transmit the Frame of the first kind.Therefore, in a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, transport module 30 can comprise: coding unit 302, for when Frame waiting for transmission belongs to the first kind, carries out redundancy encoding to Frame waiting for transmission; Transmission unit 304, for the Frame waiting for transmission after the link transmission redundancy encoding by choosing.
The principle of fountain coding and feature are described in the aforementioned content of the embodiment of the present invention, do not repeat them here.These characteristics in view of fountain coding, when Frame waiting for transmission is carried out to redundancy encoding, can to Frame waiting for transmission, carry out redundancy encoding by fountain coding, obtain a plurality of encoded packets of transmitting on the link of choosing, during Frame waiting for transmission after transmitting redundancy coding, can transmit successively by the link of choosing a plurality of encoded packets that fountain coding obtains.Therefore, in a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, coding unit 302 can carry out redundancy encoding to Frame waiting for transmission by fountain coding, obtains a plurality of encoded packets of transmitting on the link of choosing.Accordingly, transmission unit 304 can transmit successively by the link of choosing described a plurality of encoded packets.
Variation along with the transmission quality of link, when transmission quality is better, only needs to transmit the encoded packets of lesser amt, receiving terminal is that decodable code obtains the Frame sending, when transmission quality is poor, need to transmit the encoded packets of a greater number, so that receiving terminal decoding obtains the Frame sending.Can in the process of transfer encoding bag, adjust the quantity that also needs the encoded packets that sends, to reduce the volume of transmitted data of transmission quality when better, and receiving terminal can successfully be decoded while guaranteeing that transmission quality is poor.Therefore, in a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, above-mentioned transport module 30 can also comprise: determining unit 306, after the encoded packets at transmission predetermined number, according to the transmission quality of the link of choosing, determine the quantity of the encoded packets that also needs transmission, wherein, if the transmission quality of the link of choosing rises, reduce the quantity of the encoded packets that also needs transmission, if the link transmission quality of choosing declines, increase the quantity of the encoded packets that also needs transmission.
In actual applications, determining unit 306 can be determined according to following formula the quantity of the encoded packets that also needs transmission:
△n=[N-log
2(1-δ)-n-n′(1-p)]/(1-p)
Wherein, △ n is for also needing the quantity of the coding groups of transmission, and p is the current packet loss of link of choosing, the size of each encoded packets of N, n is the quantity of the efficient coding bag that received of receiving terminal, and n ' has sent but the quantity of the unreceived encoded packets of receiving terminal, and δ is the default power that is decoded into.
Preferably, said apparatus can also be according to the link information of every link in multilink, the information of the transmission quality of every link of real-time update, with in the transmitting procedure of data, according to the transmission quality of current each link, choose corresponding link and transmit, guarantee real-time and the reliability of transfer of data.When setting up multilink, also can be according to the link information of each new link connection, the information of the transmission quality of each link of initialization.In order to realize above-mentioned functions, in a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, said apparatus can also comprise: update module 40, and for according to the information of the transmission quality of every link of link information real-time update of every link of multilink.
The quality of each link is different, the link information that affects the transmission quality of each link can include but not limited to following one of at least: the actual transmissions time delay of the present packet loss of link, link and link send the interval time of data.In order to guarantee the real-time of transfer of data, parameter of measurement that can be using the desired value of each link transmission time as transmission quality.In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, update module 40 is the information of the transmission quality of every link of real-time update in such a way: according to the interval time of the actual transmissions time delay of the present packet loss of link, link and link transmission data, determine every link transmission time desired value, wherein, transmission time desired value is larger, the transmission quality of link is better, and transmission time desired value is less, and the transmission quality of link is poorer.
Further, in a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, update module 40 can be determined according to following formula the transmission time desired value of every link:
Wherein, Ti is transmission time desired value, p
ifor the current packet loss of link, d
ifor the actual transmissions time delay of link, t
ifor the interval time of link transmission data, the number of times that k is transmission success.
Preferably, said apparatus can be applied in the transmission of the more much higher media data of requirement of real-time, Frame waiting for transmission is the Frame of multimedia service, the key frame of multi-medium data is corresponding to the Frame of the above-mentioned first kind, and the non-key frame of multi-medium data is corresponding to the Frame of Second Type.The application of said apparatus in multimedia multipath real-time Transmission, footpath will be described in the following preferred embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention.
Pass through the embodiment of the present invention, determination module 10 is determined the type of Frame waiting for transmission, by choosing module 20 in current available multilink, type according to Frame waiting for transmission, choose the link of transmission data to be transmitted frame, Frame for the first kind, choose the best link of transmission quality in multilink, Frame for Second Type, choose other links except the best link of described transmission quality in multilink, wherein, the decoding of the Frame of Second Type depends on the Frame of the first kind, and by transport module 30 by the link transmission Frame waiting for transmission of choosing, real-time and the reliability of the data frame transfer of the first kind have been guaranteed, make the data can real-time decoding, thereby real-time and the reliability of business data transmission have been guaranteed.
The multipath real-time Transmission of multi-medium data in MPTCP of take is below example, and the said method of the embodiment of the present invention and device are described.
For the problem in multi-medium data multipath real-time Transmission, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of multipath live transmission method that adapts to multimedia frame transmission feature and each interface link quality, for multimedia transmission provides real-time high-quality transmission, and the fairness between assurance and conventional TCP, to guarantee real-time and the high bandwidth requirements of Multimedia Data Transmission.The multipath live transmission method of the embodiment of the present invention mainly comprises following improvement:
1), in Multimedia Data Transmission process, according to the feature of multi-medium data frame, different pieces of information frame processing mode is different.In embodiments of the present invention, for the key frame in multi-medium data frame, adopt redundant transmission mode, to guarantee the reliability of key frame transmission, and for non-key frame transmission initial data, to reduce as far as possible the data volume of transmission.
2) fountain codes coding techniques is incorporated in MPTCP agreement, by adopting fountain coding to carry out redundant transmission, guarantees the reliability of the key frame transmission in multi-medium data.Meanwhile, can also cancel the retransmission mechanism of conventional TCP agreement in each subpath, by cancelling each subpath TCP retransmission mechanism, guarantee the real-time of transfer of data.
3) in key frame transmitting procedure, the fountain codes obtaining due to fountain codes coding techniques is a kind of without code check code, for guarantee recipient can be from receive coded data packet decoding success key frame data, reduce as much as possible the size that sends key frame encoded packets, after transmitting portion key frame coded data packet, real-time assessment still needs to send the quantity of encoded packets simultaneously.
4), in the transmission of multi-medium data frame, because key frame need to arrive recipient than non-key frame is early, key frame data is assigned to low delay path transmission, but not key frame data is being transmitted on other paths.Concrete, in order to select to transmit the suitable path of key frame, utilize theoretical message transfer time T
ias parameter of measurement, select key frame transmission path, choose T
iminimum path transmission key frame, multimedia key frame is always at T
ion minimum path, transmit, make key frame in multi-medium data than the more Zao recipient of arrival of non-key frame, the real-time of raising Multimedia Data Transmission.
Below the multimedia multipath live transmission method of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
In actual applications, during multimedia real-time transmission, the bandwidth of interface link, packet loss, time delay are different, make the quality of link different.In multi-medium data, mainly contain key frame and non-key frame, the loss of key frame can affect the quality of video and the recovery of relative non-key frame.The loss of non-key frame is less to multimedia video quality influence.Therefore, loss and the error code of non-key frame can be allowed, and the reliability of key frame will be guaranteed as much as possible.
In embodiments of the present invention, can utilize existing fountain coding code, for the feature of key frame and the non-key frame of multi-medium data, multimedia key frame be carried out to coding redundancy transmission, to reduce the Loss Rate of key frame.
Multi-medium data adopts the difference of coding standard, and key frame judgement mode is also different.In embodiments of the present invention, take H.264 as example describes.
In H264 coding standard, multi-medium data is divided into I/P/B frame, and wherein, I frame is intracoded frame, and it is a full frame compressed coded frames, is key frame; P frame is forward-predictive-coded frames, and B frame is bi-directional predicted interpolation coding frame, and P and B frame are all non-key frames.In embodiments of the present invention, can be by search 00000001xx, code=xx & 0x1f, when code=0x01 and 0x05 locate multi-medium data frame head, judges by resolving slice_type type whether this frame is key frame.
Digital fountain code is the irrelevant random coded technology of a kind of code check, pass through fountain codes, transmitting terminal can generate the k of a data block original packet the coding groups of any amount, each encoding block be K the random several groupings in original packet step-by-step and, as long as receiving terminal is received wherein the individual coding groups of k (1+ ε) arbitrarily, can with high probability, successfully recover whole original packet by decoding.Well-designed digital fountain code not only has very little decoding expense ε, and has simple decoding method and very little encoding and decoding complexity.Because the randomness of digital fountain code, between coding groups corresponding to data block, be unordered, so recipient needn't wait for the grouping of loss.And because digital fountain code has code check independence, when packet loss increases suddenly, also only need the coding groups that produces at random again some to send to Correspondent Node, needn't coding groups before be stored and be retransmitted.
When Multimedia Data Transmission, can use fountain codes to encode to key frame, by redundant transmission, guarantee its reliability, non-key frame transmits its initial data.Through the fountain codes resulting key frame encoded packets of encoding, there is linear independence, in transmission, the loss of any encoded packets and error code are all defeated without retransmitting, and recipient only need to receive that enough encoded packets just can recover initial data, but not the loss of key frame is less to multimedia video quality influence.Therefore, in Multipath Transmission, no longer need retransmission mechanism, can cancel the retransmission mechanism of TCP in each subpath, to guarantee the real-time of Multimedia Data Transmission.
In order to realize above-mentioned functions, make full use of many interfaces, for multimedia provides in real time, fair, high-quality transmission, in embodiments of the present invention, can expand MPTCP, can support many interfaces.
Fig. 6 shows the MPTCP framework after expansion, as shown in Figure 6, and the corresponding network interface of every subflow of MPTCP (being each link), and each subflow is independent transmission.In order to guarantee the real-time of transmission, cancelled the retransmission mechanism of TCP in subpath.Retain windowing mechanism and congestion control, be used for guaranteeing the fairness between each transmission.
In embodiments of the present invention, can weigh by the following method link (also can be called path) quality, and according to actual conditions, each path is dispatched: in transmitting procedure, every subflow is the link information of real-time update oneself all: comprise packet loss p, actual transmissions time delay d with to send interval t(relevant to bandwidth).In multimedia real-time transmission, higher to the reliability of key frame and requirement of real-time, reliability can realize by the redundant transmission of fountain coding bag.For guaranteeing the real-time of key frame, when transmission, the propagation delay time of link should be taken into account, use the wide high path transmission key frame of time delay small band, from idle link, choose good path and transmit non-key frame.Concrete, can use the theoretical transmission time of message (being the desired value of link transmission time) as the parameter of measurement of link-quality:
According to the T value of every paths, evaluate link-quality, choose the minimum path transmission key frame encoded packets of T value; When the non-key frame of transmission, from other idle link, choose the link that T value is less and transmit.
For guaranteeing the reliability of key frame, and reduce as much as possible the redundant transmission of encoded packets, should, according to the variation of link-quality and recipient's reception condition, can real-time update adjust encoded packets quantity.If known current link packet drop rate is p, initial data size is N*N bit, and encoded packets size is N, received that efficient coding bag number is n, sent but still unreceived encoded packets number is n ', being decoded into power requirement is δ, can calculate and still need the encoded packets quantity sending to be:
△n=[N-log
2(1-δ)-n-n′(1-p)]/(1-p)
The invention process example is in conjunction with the advantage of fountain codes, by the coding redundancy of multimedia key frame is transmitted, can be good at guaranteeing the reliability of key frame, guaranteed the quality of multimedia video, MPTCP is expanded, without the subflow transmission retransmitting, can be good at guaranteeing the real-time of transmission.According to the difference of distinct interface link-quality, dynamic dispatching distribution multimedia frame, has effectively improved stability, the robustness of network throughput and transmission.
Fig. 7 is according to the flow chart of the multimedia multipath live transmission method of the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 7, the method can comprise that step S701 is to step S710.
Step S701, communicating pair is set up relatively independent connection on each interface by MPTCP, and cancels the retransmission mechanism of all subflow TCP.
Step S702, carries out initialization according to the resulting link information of the company's of building process to each subflow: packet loss p, time delay d, transmission rate t; According to user's request, set the minimum decoding of fountain codes success rate δ, and consult the big or small N of fountain codes encoded packets.
Step S703, according to the ACK receiving, each link packet drop rate of real-time update p
i, time delay d
i, transmission rate t
i, and the theoretical transmission time of calculating each link
Step S704, classifies to multi-medium data frame, if non-key frame is selected its initial data of the best link transmission of transmission quality, and performed step S709 in idle link; Otherwise execution step S705.
Step S705., carries out fountain codes coding to this frame.
Step S706, according to the theoretical transmission time, the top-quality link of selecting paths sends encoded packets.
Step S707, statistics receiving terminal has received that the efficient coding bag of this key frame counts n, has sent but still unreceived encoded packets is counted n ', and has calculated the key frame encoded packets quantity △ n=[N-log that still will send
2(1-δ)-n-n ' (1-p
j)]/(1-p
j).
Step S708, judges whether △ n is 0, if △ n ≠ 0, key frame has transmitted, and upgrades link-quality, calculates the theoretical propagation delay time of each link, and returns to step S705 and continue transmission key frame encoded packets, otherwise execution step S709.
Step S709, judges whether transformation task finishes, and when transfer of data does not finish, continues execution step S703; Otherwise continue execution step S710.
Step S710, when the whole end of transmission of data, disconnects after each subflow end of transmission successively.
By the embodiment of the present invention, according to the variation of interface network quality, dynamically adjust the transmission of multi-medium data, use the less path transmission key frame of time delay, by fountain codes coding redundancy, transmit to guarantee the reliability of key frame; With its mulitpath, transmit non-key frame, this has not only improved real-time, the video quality of multimedia transmission, and takes full advantage of Internet resources, can better adapt to network change, improves throughput, stability and the reliability of transmission.
As can be seen from the above description, the present invention has realized following technique effect:
When transfer of data, first determine the type of Frame waiting for transmission, in current available multilink, type according to Frame waiting for transmission, choose the link of transmission data to be transmitted frame, Frame for the first kind, choose the best link of transmission quality in multilink, Frame for Second Type, choose other links except the best link of described transmission quality in multilink, wherein, the decoding of the Frame of Second Type depends on the Frame of the first kind, by the link transmission Frame waiting for transmission of choosing, real-time and the reliability of the data frame transfer of the first kind have been guaranteed, make the data can real-time decoding, thereby real-time and the reliability of business data transmission have been guaranteed.
Further, transmission for multi-medium data, advantage in conjunction with fountain codes, by the coding redundancy of multimedia key frame is transmitted, can be good at guaranteeing the reliability of key frame, guarantee the quality of multimedia video, MPTCP has been expanded, without the subflow transmission retransmitting, can be good at guaranteeing the real-time of transmission.According to the difference of distinct interface link-quality, dynamic dispatching distribution multimedia frame, has effectively improved stability, the robustness of network throughput and transmission.
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that, above-mentioned each module of the present invention or each step can realize with general calculation element, they can concentrate on single calculation element, or be distributed on the network that a plurality of calculation elements form, alternatively, they can be realized with the executable program code of calculation element, thereby, they can be stored in storage device and be carried out by calculation element, and in some cases, can carry out shown or described step with the order being different from herein, or they are made into respectively to each integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules in them or step are made into single integrated circuit module to be realized.Like this, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software combination.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (20)
1. a transmission method for Frame, is characterized in that, comprising:
Determine the type of Frame waiting for transmission;
In current available multilink, type according to described Frame waiting for transmission, choose the link of the described data to be transmitted frame of transmission, wherein, for the Frame of the first kind, choose the best link of transmission quality in described multilink, Frame for Second Type, choose other links except the best link of described transmission quality in described multilink, wherein, the decoding of the Frame of described Second Type depends on the Frame of the described first kind;
By Frame waiting for transmission described in the link transmission of choosing.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described Frame waiting for transmission belongs to the first kind, by data to be transmitted frame described in the link transmission of choosing, comprising:
Described Frame waiting for transmission is carried out to redundancy encoding;
By the Frame described waiting for transmission after the link transmission redundancy encoding of choosing.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that,
Described Frame waiting for transmission is carried out to redundancy encoding, comprising: by fountain coding, described Frame waiting for transmission is carried out to redundancy encoding, obtain a plurality of encoded packets of transmitting on the link of choosing;
Frame described waiting for transmission by after the link transmission redundancy encoding of choosing, comprising: by the link of choosing, transmit successively described a plurality of encoded packets.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, after the described encoded packets of transmission predetermined number, also comprises:
According to the transmission quality of the link of choosing, determine the quantity of the described encoded packets that also needs transmission, wherein, if the transmission quality of the link of choosing rises, described in reducing, also need the quantity of the encoded packets of transmission, if the link transmission quality of choosing declines, increase the quantity of the encoded packets that also needs transmission.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, also needs the quantity of the encoded packets of transmission according to following formula described in determining:
△ n=[N-log
2(1-δ)-n-n ' is (1-p)]/(1-p), wherein, △ n is for also needing the quantity of the coding groups of transmission, p is the current packet loss of link of choosing, the size of N encoded packets described in each, n is the quantity of the efficient coding bag that received of receiving terminal, and n ' has sent but the quantity of the unreceived encoded packets of described receiving terminal, and δ is the default power that is decoded into.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises:
According to the link information of every link in described multilink, the information of the transmission quality of every link described in real-time update.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described link information comprise following one of at least: the actual transmissions time delay of the present packet loss of link, link and link send the interval time of data.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the information of the transmission quality of every link described in real-time update, comprising:
According to the interval time of the actual transmissions time delay of the present packet loss of link, link and link transmission data, determine described every link transmission time desired value, wherein, described transmission time desired value is larger, the transmission quality of link is better, described transmission time desired value is less, and the transmission quality of link is poorer.
9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, determines the described transmission time desired value of described every link according to following formula:
10. according to the method described in any one in claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that, described multilink is many transmission control protocol TCP links in Multipath Transmission control protocol MPTCP.
11. methods according to claim 10, is characterized in that, for the Frame of Second Type, forbid adopting the retransmission mechanism of TCP link when transmission data.
12. according to the method described in any one in claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that, described Frame waiting for transmission comprises the Frame of multimedia service; The Frame of the described first kind is the key frame of described multi-medium data, the non-key frame that the Frame of described Second Type is described multi-medium data.
The transmitting device of 13. 1 kinds of Frames, is characterized in that, comprising:
Determination module, for determining the type of Frame waiting for transmission;
Choose module, be used at current available multilink, according to the type of described Frame waiting for transmission, choose the link of the described data to be transmitted frame of transmission, wherein, Frame for the first kind, choose the best link of transmission quality in described multilink, for the Frame of Second Type, choose other links except the best link of described transmission quality in described multilink, wherein, the decoding of the Frame of described Second Type depends on the Frame of the described first kind;
Transport module, for Frame waiting for transmission described in the link transmission by choosing.
14. devices according to claim 13, is characterized in that, described transport module comprises:
Coding unit, for when described Frame waiting for transmission belongs to the first kind, carries out redundancy encoding to described Frame waiting for transmission;
Transmission unit, for the Frame described waiting for transmission after the link transmission redundancy encoding by choosing.
15. devices according to claim 14, is characterized in that,
Described coding unit in such a way to described Frame waiting for transmission to carrying out redundancy encoding: by fountain coding, described Frame waiting for transmission is carried out to redundancy encoding, obtain a plurality of encoded packets of transmitting on the link of choosing;
Described transmission unit is the Frame described waiting for transmission after transmitting redundancy coding in such a way: by the link of choosing, transmit successively described a plurality of encoded packets.。
16. devices according to claim 15, is characterized in that, described transport module also comprises:
Determining unit, after the described encoded packets at transmission predetermined number, according to the transmission quality of the link of choosing, determine the quantity of the described encoded packets that also needs transmission, wherein, if the transmission quality of the link of choosing rises, described in reducing, also need the quantity of the encoded packets of transmission, if the link transmission quality of choosing declines, increase the quantity of the encoded packets that also needs transmission.
17. devices according to claim 16, is characterized in that, described determining unit is determined the quantity of the encoded packets that also needs transmission according to following formula:
△ n=[N-log
2(1-δ)-n-n ' is (1-p)]/(1-p), wherein, △ n is for also needing the quantity of the coding groups of transmission, p is the current packet loss of link of choosing, the size of N encoded packets described in each, n is the quantity of the efficient coding bag that received of receiving terminal, and n ' has sent but the quantity of the unreceived encoded packets of described receiving terminal, and δ is the default power that is decoded into.
18. devices according to claim 13, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Update module, for according to the link information of every link of described multilink, the information of the transmission quality of every link described in real-time update.
19. devices according to claim 18, is characterized in that, described update module is the information of the transmission quality of every link described in real-time update in such a way:
According to the interval time of the actual transmissions time delay of the present packet loss of link, link and link transmission data, determine described every link transmission time desired value, wherein, described transmission time desired value is larger, the transmission quality of link is better, described transmission time desired value is less, and the transmission quality of link is poorer.
20. devices according to claim 19, is characterized in that, described update module is determined the described transmission time desired value of described every link according to following formula:
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Application publication date: 20140212 |