CN110365600B - BBR-based congestion control method, device, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
BBR-based congestion control method, device, equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a BBR-based congestion control method, a BBR-based congestion control device, BBR-based congestion control equipment and a BBR-based congestion control storage medium. Wherein, the method comprises the following steps: determining the coding rate of the next video frame group according to the upper limit of the network bandwidth of the current video frame group in the video to be coded and the first dynamic adjustment parameter of the upper limit of the network bandwidth; the first dynamic adjustment parameter is used for representing a preset reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to network packet loss conditions and/or detection round-trip delay state duration ratio. The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention fully utilizes the current network state, avoids the condition that the video transmission rate is inaccurate when the bandwidth is greatly changed due to high delay or high packet loss rate in the prior art, and can accurately adjust the coding rate of the continuous video frame group in the video to be coded by judging the influence of the first dynamic adjustment parameter on the current network state, thereby improving the stability of the continuous video frame group in the video to be coded on the basis of improving the network bandwidth utilization rate.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of video transmission, in particular to a BBR-based congestion control method, a BBR-based congestion control device, BBR-based congestion control equipment and a BBR-based congestion control storage medium.
Background
With the development of internet and communication technology, various video application software is beginning to be widely applied to daily life of people, and video coding and transmission on different devices are becoming more and more common at this time.
At present, the existing video Transmission schemes are mainly divided into two types, namely, video Transmission based on Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and video Transmission based on User Datagram Protocol (UDP); however, since the TCP protocol uses an end-to-end communication mode to sequentially transmit video data, although the reliability of video transmission is ensured, there is a large video transmission delay, and the transmission bandwidth is sharply reduced in the presence of network packet loss.
Therefore, in the prior art, a UDP protocol is generally used for transmitting video data, but the UDP protocol also has certain defects in video transmission, for example, a TCP-Friendly Rate Control (TFRC) algorithm, a bandwidth model set in the TCP-Friendly Rate Control algorithm needs to calculate a corresponding video transmission Rate stably and accurately after a long period of time, and meanwhile, under the condition of high delay or high packet loss Rate in a network, the TFRC algorithm can greatly change the bandwidth due to the high delay or high packet loss Rate, so that the corresponding video transmission Rate cannot be calculated accurately, and a large problem exists in video transmission.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a BBR-based congestion control method, a BBR-based congestion control device, BBR-based congestion control equipment and a BBR-based congestion control storage medium, wherein the current network state is fully utilized to continuously determine the coding code rate of each video frame group in a video to be coded, so that the stable and continuous coding quality of the video to be coded is realized.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a BBR-based congestion control method, where the method includes:
determining the coding rate of the next video frame group according to the upper limit of the network bandwidth of the current video frame group in the video to be coded and the first dynamic adjustment parameter of the upper limit of the network bandwidth;
the first dynamic adjustment parameter is used for representing a preset reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to network packet loss conditions and/or detection round-trip delay state duration ratio.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a BBR-based congestion control apparatus, where the apparatus includes:
the encoding code rate determining module is used for determining the encoding code rate of the next video frame group according to the upper limit of the network bandwidth of the current video frame group in the video to be encoded and the first dynamic adjustment parameter of the upper limit of the network bandwidth;
the first dynamic adjustment parameter is used for representing a preset reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to network packet loss conditions and/or detection round-trip delay state duration ratio.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus, where the apparatus includes:
one or more processors;
storage means for storing one or more programs;
when executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs cause the one or more processors to implement the BBR-based congestion control method described in any embodiment of the present invention.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the BBR-based congestion control method described in any embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a congestion control method, a congestion control device, congestion control equipment and a storage medium based on BBR (Bottleneck Bandwidth and Round-trip delay Time, BBR) algorithm to transmit a video to be coded in a network, wherein at the moment, according to a first dynamic adjustment parameter which is formed by a network Bandwidth upper limit detected by a current video frame group in a transmission process and a reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude used for representing a preset network packet loss condition and/or a detection Round-trip delay state Time occupation ratio, the coding rate of a next video frame group most conforming to the current network state is continuously determined, so that the current network state is fully utilized, the change of the first dynamic adjustment parameter of the network Bandwidth upper limit of the current video frame group is timely judged, the condition that the video transmission rate is inaccurate when the Bandwidth is greatly changed due to high delay or high packet loss rate in the prior art is avoided, the influence of the first dynamic adjustment parameter on the current network state is judged, the coding rate of the continuous video frame group in the video to be coded can be accurately adjusted, and the stability of the video frame group in the network Bandwidth is improved.
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Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1A is a flowchart of a BBR-based congestion control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 1B is a schematic diagram of a BBR-based congestion control process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2A is a flowchart of a BBR-based congestion control method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2B is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of implementing a video encoding process under BBR-based congestion control according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3A is a flowchart of a BBR-based congestion control method according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3B is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of implementing a video transmission process under BBR-based congestion control according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a congestion control apparatus based on BBR according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures. In addition, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example one
Fig. 1A is a flowchart of a BBR-based congestion control method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment is applicable to a situation where a BBR algorithm is used to perform congestion control transmission on any video. The BBR-based congestion control method provided in this embodiment may be executed by the BBR-based congestion control apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention, where the apparatus may be implemented in a software and/or hardware manner, and is integrated into a device that executes the method, and the device may be any terminal device with a video coding function.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1A, the method may include the steps of:
s110, determining the coding rate of the next video frame group according to the upper limit of the network bandwidth of the current video frame group in the video to be coded and the first dynamic adjustment parameter of the upper limit of the network bandwidth.
Specifically, because the network states at different transmission stages are constantly changed during the video transmission process, in order to fully utilize the current network state, all video frames included in the whole video may be divided into multiple segments according to a certain rule, and then each divided small segment (i.e., the video frame group in this embodiment) is encoded and transmitted at different code rates, so that each video frame group satisfies the current network state as much as possible during transmission. When video coding is performed, various algorithms are adopted to reduce the capacity of video data, so that three types of video frames including an intra-frame coding frame (I frame), an inter-frame prediction coding frame (P frame) and a bidirectional prediction coding frame (B frame) exist in the coded video; at this time, the video frame Group in this embodiment refers to a Group Of Pictures (GOP) included in the video to be encoded in the encoding process, that is, in the process Of encoding all video frames in the video to be encoded, it is determined whether the current video frame is an I frame according to the encoding result, so that a plurality Of video frames located between adjacent I frames form a video frame Group; illustratively, when each video frame in a video to be coded is coded in sequence, whether the current video frame is an I frame is judged, if yes, a plurality of video frames between the current video frame and the previous I frame are combined into a current video frame group (including the current video frame); if not, continuing to encode the next video frame; and sequentially circulating, wherein the dividing and encoding processes of the video frame group in the video to be encoded are simultaneously carried out.
Meanwhile, the first dynamic adjustment parameter in this embodiment is used to represent a preset reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to a network packet loss condition and/or a detection round-trip delay state duration ratio, and the network bandwidth upper limit of the current video frame group may be reversely adjusted by the first dynamic adjustment parameter, so as to determine an actual available bandwidth when the next video frame group is transmitted.
Optionally, after the encoding of the current video frame group in the video to be encoded is completed, a BBR algorithm is used to control the transmission of the current video frame group in the network, and at this time, in order to determine the change condition of the current network state in real time, this embodiment detects the change condition of the current network state in the transmission process of the current video frame group, and obtains the upper limit of the network bandwidth detected in the transmission process of the current video frame group and the first dynamic adjustment parameter of the upper limit of the network bandwidth; in this embodiment, according to the upper limit of the network bandwidth detected in the transmission process of the current video frame group and the first dynamic adjustment parameter of the upper limit of the network bandwidth, the current actual network state that can be used for successful video transmission can be accurately determined, and meanwhile, the actual network state is used as the corresponding reference network state in the transmission process of the next video frame group, so as to determine the coding rate that satisfies the actual network state to the greatest extent, which is used as the coding rate of the next video frame group, and on the basis of ensuring the bandwidth utilization rate, the stable continuity of the coding quality in the video to be coded is realized.
For example, as shown in fig. 1B, after detecting a network bandwidth upper limit and a first dynamic adjustment parameter of the network bandwidth upper limit in a transmission process of a current video frame group of a video to be encoded, analyzing an influence degree of a reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude, which is represented by the first dynamic adjustment parameter and is related to a network packet loss situation and/or a detection round-trip delay state time length ratio, on a network state, so as to predict an actual available bandwidth of a next video frame group during network transmission according to the detected network bandwidth upper limit and the corresponding reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude, and further determine a coding rate that satisfies the actual available bandwidth to the maximum extent, as the coding rate of the next video frame group, so as to fully utilize the corresponding network bandwidth in the transmission process of the next video frame group, and implement stability of coding quality of a continuous video frame group in the video to be encoded.
In addition, in order to detect a corresponding network state in the transmission process of a video frame group, in this embodiment, each congestion parameter in a brand new BBR algorithm existing in the prior art may be optimized, the optimized BBR algorithm is used to transmit a continuous video frame group in a video to be encoded, at this time, a corresponding transmission period is preset in the optimized BBR algorithm, as shown in fig. 1B, and a gain coefficient in a default fixed mode is used to adjust a transmission rate of each video frame group in different transmission periods in each transmission period to control data transmission amounts in different transmission periods, so as to detect a bandwidth extremum corresponding to each transmission period and a minimum round-trip delay of data transmission, at this time, when a current video frame group is transmitted through the optimized BBR algorithm, the current video frame group may occupy multiple transmission periods.
Specifically, in this embodiment, when the optimized BBR algorithm is used to control transmission of the current video frame group, the optimized BBR algorithm may alternately operate in a preset probing bandwidth state (PROBE _ BW) and a probing round-trip delay state (PROBE _ RTT) after stably operating in the network; the PROBE _ BW state is used for detecting the available maximum network bandwidth in the data transmission process, and the PROBE _ RTT state is used for detecting the minimum round-trip delay in the data transmission process; in this embodiment, the BBR algorithm may control the alternate switching between the PROBE _ BW state and the PROBE _ RTT state according to a network change condition of the current video frame group during transmission, so as to transmit the current video frame group in the alternately working PROBE _ BW state and PROBE _ RTT state, so as to accurately detect a corresponding network bandwidth upper limit of the current video frame group during transmission and a first dynamic adjustment parameter formed by a preset reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to a network packet loss condition and/or a detection round-trip delay state duration ratio under the network bandwidth upper limit, so as to subsequently determine an encoding rate of a next video frame group.
Optionally, when the existing BBR algorithm is optimized in this embodiment, the optimization is mainly performed on a conversion condition of performing alternate operations between the PROBE _ BW state and the PROBE _ RTT state in the BBR algorithm, which includes determining whether a minimum round-trip delay time limit corresponding to the conversion from the PROBE _ BW state to the PROBE _ RTT state exists or not, and determining whether an emptying target to be reached by data transmission needs to be controlled in a PROBE round-trip delay (PROBE _ RTT) state corresponding to the conversion from the PROBE _ RTT state to the PROBE _ BW state or not.
For example, for optimizing the minimum round trip delay failure time limit, the embodiment may further include: and dynamically selecting the minimum round-trip delay failure time limit of the BBR-based congestion control between the first fixed value and the second dynamic adjustment parameter according to the network transmission condition of the current video frame group.
Wherein the second dynamic adjustment parameter is used for representing a preset value related to the minimum round trip delay in the current link. Specifically, in this embodiment, a minimum round-trip delay failure time limit set by default in the existing BBR algorithm is used as a first fixed value in this embodiment, and at this time, the first fixed value is generally 10s, which is not limited in this embodiment; and meanwhile, a corresponding second dynamic adjustment parameter is determined through the minimum round-trip delay detected in the current link, and then according to the network transmission condition of the current video frame group under the congestion control based on the BBR, a minimum round-trip delay failure time limit capable of reducing the congestion caused by the current video frame group during the transmission based on the BBR algorithm is dynamically selected between a first fixed value and the second dynamic adjustment parameter, and under the PROBE _ BW state, if the corresponding minimum round-trip delay is not detected when the minimum round-trip delay failure time limit is reached, the PROBE _ BW state is controlled to be converted into the PROBE _ RTT state for working, so that the transmission performance of the video transmission under a high-delay scene is improved.
In addition, for optimizing the emptying target in the PROBE round trip delay (PROBE _ RTT) state, the present embodiment may further include: and dynamically selecting an emptying target of the BBR-based congestion control in the detection round-trip delay state between the second fixed value and the third dynamic adjustment parameter according to the network transmission condition of the current video frame group.
And the third dynamic adjustment parameter is used for representing preset numerical values related to the upper limit of the network bandwidth and the minimum round trip delay in the current link. Specifically, in this embodiment, the evacuation target in the PROBE _ RTT state, which is set by default in the existing BBR algorithm, is used as the second fixed value in this embodiment, and at this time, the second fixed value is generally 4ms, which is not limited in this embodiment; and meanwhile, determining a corresponding third dynamic adjustment parameter according to the upper limit of the network bandwidth detected in the current link and the minimum round-trip delay, further dynamically selecting an emptying target in a detection round-trip delay (PROBE _ RTT) state, which can reduce the congestion caused by the current video frame group during the transmission based on the BBR algorithm, between the second fixed value and the third dynamic adjustment parameter according to the network transmission condition of the current video frame group under the BBR-based congestion control, and controlling the PROBE _ RTT state to be converted into a PROBE _ BW state to work if the data volume controlled and transmitted in the PROBE _ RTT state reaches the emptying target in the embodiment, thereby improving the bandwidth utilization rate in the video transmission process.
And S120, coding the video frame in the next video frame group by adopting the coding rate.
Specifically, after the coding rate of the next video frame group is determined, each video frame in the next video frame group is coded by using the coding rate, so that the coded next video frame group can fully utilize the corresponding network bandwidth during transmission, and the transmission rate is improved. For example, as shown in fig. 1B, when the current video frame group is transmitted, it may be determined that video frames included in the current video frame group and each video frame located before the current video frame group have been encoded by using a corresponding encoding rate, at this time, since a last video frame in the current video frame group is an I frame, after determining an encoding rate of a next video frame group, remaining non-encoded video frames in a video to be encoded may be sequentially encoded by using the encoding rate, at this time, it is determined whether the current encoded video frame is an I frame after being encoded, if so, encoding of the next video frame group is ended, and at this time, each video frame that is encoded before the I frame in the remaining non-encoded video frames is grouped into a next video frame group in the embodiment; if not, continuing to adopt the coding rate to code the next video frame until obtaining a video frame which is I frame after being coded; therefore, the video frames in different video frame groups are coded by adopting different coding rates, so that the corresponding network bandwidth is fully utilized, and the accuracy of video coding relative to the continuously changing network bandwidth is ensured.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment, the video to be coded is transmitted in the network based on a BBR algorithm, at the moment, the coding rate of the next video frame group which best meets the current network state is continuously determined according to the upper limit of the network bandwidth detected by the current video frame group in the transmission process and a first dynamic adjustment parameter which is used for representing the preset reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to the network packet loss condition and/or the detection round-trip delay state time ratio, so that the current network state is fully utilized, the change of the first dynamic adjustment parameter of the upper limit of the network bandwidth of the current video frame group is timely judged, the condition that the video transmission rate is inaccurate when the bandwidth is greatly changed due to high delay or high packet loss rate in the prior art is avoided, the coding rate of the continuous video frame group in the video to be coded can be accurately adjusted by judging the influence of the first dynamic adjustment parameter on the current network state, and the stability of the continuous video frame group in the video to be coded is improved on the basis of improving the network bandwidth utilization rate.
Example two
Fig. 2A is a flowchart of a BBR-based congestion control method according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2B is a schematic diagram of a principle of implementing a video encoding process under BBR-based congestion control according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment is optimized on the basis of the embodiment. Specifically, since the first dynamic adjustment parameter may include a reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to a network packet loss condition and/or a detection round-trip delay state duration ratio during the transmission process of the current video frame group, in this embodiment, a detailed description is mainly given to a specific process of detecting a network bandwidth upper limit and the first dynamic adjustment parameter of the network bandwidth upper limit during the transmission process of the current video frame group.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2A, the present embodiment may include the following steps:
s210, determining a target transmission period contained in the transmission process based on the BBR of the current video frame group.
Optionally, since the current video frame group includes a plurality of video frames, a certain time is spent in transmission, and a transmission period preset in the BBR algorithm generally defaults to be composed of 8 round-trip delays, a plurality of transmission periods may be occupied in transmitting the current video frame group, and then after the current video frame group is successfully transmitted, a target transmission period included in the transmission process of the current video frame group, that is, a transmission period occupied in transmitting the current video frame group, may be determined.
S220, smoothing the extreme value of the bandwidth detected in the target transmission period to obtain the upper limit of the network bandwidth of the current video frame group; or acquiring a bandwidth extreme value detected in the current transmission period in the target transmission period as the upper limit of the network bandwidth of the current video frame group.
Optionally, after determining a target transmission period included in the transmission process of the current video frame group, each target transmission period includes a preset gain sub-period, a loss-reduction sub-period, and a smooth transmission sub-period, at this time, a gain coefficient under the gain sub-period is default to 1.25, so that when the current video frame group is transmitted under the gain sub-period of the target transmission period, 25% more video data is controlled to be transmitted on the basis of a smooth video transmission amount to detect an available bandwidth extremum under the current network state, and therefore, each target transmission period detects a corresponding bandwidth extremum; in order to ensure the accuracy of the network bandwidth, the embodiment may perform smoothing filtering on the bandwidth extremum detected in the target transmission period, for example, the smoothed bandwidth extremum is used as the upper limit of the network bandwidth of the current video frame group in the transmission process by using the existing moving average filtering or other filtering methods; or in order to ensure the timeliness of the network bandwidth, in this embodiment, the current transmission cycle, that is, the last transmission cycle used for transmitting the current video frame group, may be selected from the target transmission cycles, and then the bandwidth extremum detected in the current transmission cycle is directly used as the upper limit of the network bandwidth of the current video frame group in the transmission process.
It should be noted that, for the two determination manners of the network bandwidth upper limit, the corresponding determination manner may be preset according to a specific application scenario in this embodiment, which is not limited to this.
S230, performing smoothing on the network packet loss rate in the target transmission period to obtain a first dynamic adjustment parameter related to the network packet loss condition.
Optionally, after determining a target transmission period included in the transmission process of the current video frame group, analyzing the video transmission condition in each target transmission period to further determine a network packet loss rate in each target transmission period, smoothing the network packet loss rate in each target transmission period, and taking the smoothed network packet loss rate as a reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to the network packet loss condition in a first dynamic adjustment parameter detected in the transmission process of the current video frame group, so as to determine the coding code rate of the next video frame group according to the upper limit of the network bandwidth and the first dynamic adjustment parameter detected in the transmission process of the current video frame group.
For example, in this embodiment, the calculation formula of the network packet loss rate in each target transmission period is as follows:
the loss _ rate represents the network packet loss rate of each target transmission period, the loss _ num represents the packet loss number counted in each target transmission period, and the ack _ num represents the number of the acknowledgement packets counted after transmission in each target transmission period; specifically, in each target transmission period, the network packet loss rate in each target transmission period is obtained by obtaining each parameter included in the above calculation formula and performing corresponding calculation.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, S220 and S230 may be executed simultaneously after determining the target transmission period included in the transmission process of the current video frame group, and there is no precedence between the execution orders.
S240, according to the BBR-based transmission total time length of the current video frame group and the time length occupied by the detection round-trip delay state, determining a first dynamic adjustment parameter related to the time length occupation ratio of the detection round-trip delay state.
Optionally, the current video frame group jumps from the PROBE _ BW state to the PROBE _ RTT state during transmission, and the PROBE _ RTT state actively controls the data transmission amount to decrease to a preset emptying target, so as to detect the minimum round-trip delay of data transmission, where the data transmission at this time does not belong to the video transmission state under the normal bandwidth, and it is inconvenient to accurately determine the current network state, and therefore the first dynamic adjustment parameter in this embodiment may include a duration ratio of the PROBE _ RTT state during the entire transmission process of the current video frame group; at this time, according to the total transmission duration of the current video frame group based on BBR and the duration occupied by the PROBE round trip delay (PROBE _ RTT) state, the duration occupancy of the PROBE _ RTT state in the transmission process of the current video frame group can be determined, which is a numerical value related to the duration occupancy of the PROBE round trip delay state included in the first dynamic adjustment parameter in this embodiment, and then the effect of the PROBE _ RTT state on determining the accuracy of the network bandwidth is determined, so that the reverse effect of the PROBE _ RTT state is eliminated in the upper limit of the network bandwidth, the actual available bandwidth of the corresponding transmission of the next video frame group is estimated, and the encoding rate of the next video frame group is determined according to the actual available bandwidth.
And S250, determining the coding rate of the next video frame group according to the upper limit of the network bandwidth of the current video frame group in the video to be coded and the first dynamic adjustment parameter of the upper limit of the network bandwidth.
For example, if the first dynamic adjustment parameter in this embodiment includes two parameters of the reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to the ratio of the network packet loss condition to the duration of the detection round trip delay state during the transmission process of the current video frame group, the calculation formula of the coding rate of the next video frame group in this embodiment is as follows:
Video_Bitrate＝BW*(1-Lossrate)*(1-ProbeRTT_Ratio)；
wherein, video _ Bitrate represents the coding rate of the next Video frame group, BW is the upper limit of the network bandwidth detected in the transmission process of the current Video frame group, lossrate is the reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to the network packet loss condition in the transmission process of the current Video frame group, and ProbeRTT _ Ratio is the reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to the detection round-trip delay state duration Ratio in the transmission process of the current Video frame group; in this embodiment, each parameter related to the calculation formula is obtained in the transmission process of the current video frame group, and then the calculation formula is used to calculate the coding rate of the next video frame group, so that the next video frame group is coded by using the coding rate in the following process, and the accuracy of video coding is improved on the basis of ensuring the utilization rate of network bandwidth.
And S260, coding the video frame in the next video frame group by adopting the coding rate.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment, the current video frame group is transmitted through a plurality of target transmission cycles, then the corresponding bandwidth extreme value and network packet loss rate are respectively detected in each target transmission cycle, the bandwidth extreme value and the network packet loss rate corresponding to each target transmission cycle are subsequently and correspondingly processed, the network bandwidth upper limit detected in the transmission process of the current video frame group and the first dynamic adjustment parameter of the network bandwidth upper limit are obtained, the accuracy of the network bandwidth upper limit and the first dynamic adjustment parameter is ensured, meanwhile, the coding code rate of the next video frame group most conforming to the current network state is determined according to the network bandwidth upper limit and the first dynamic adjustment parameter detected in the transmission process of the current video frame group, so that the current network state is fully utilized, the change of the current first dynamic adjustment parameter is timely judged, the sectional coding of the video according to the change condition of the network state is realized, the condition that the video transmission rate is inaccurate when the bandwidth changes due to high delay or high packet loss rate in the prior art is avoided, and the accuracy of the video coding is improved.
EXAMPLE III
Fig. 3A is a flowchart of a congestion control method based on BBR according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 3B is a schematic diagram of a principle of implementing a video transmission process under congestion control based on BBR according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment is optimized on the basis of the embodiment. Specifically, this embodiment mainly describes in detail the alternate operation mode of the PROBE _ BW state and the PROBE _ RTT state in the transmission process of the current video frame group.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 3A, the present embodiment may include the following steps:
and S310, determining a corresponding second dynamic adjustment parameter according to the first network coefficient of the current video frame group and the detected minimum round-trip delay in the current link.
Optionally, in this embodiment, in the transmission process of the current video frame group, the PROBE _ BW state and the PROBE _ RTT state are controlled to alternately operate, and at this time, when the PROBE _ BW state is controlled to jump to the PROBE _ RTT state, it is determined whether the minimum round trip delay is detected for a certain time period, a default jump time period is set in the existing BBR algorithm, for example, a first fixed value in this embodiment, and when video transmission is in a high-delay scene, the video transmission amount is reduced due to too long delay during the first fixed value, so that the video transmission amount is frequently jumped to the PROBE _ RTT state; therefore, in this embodiment, a reference jump duration, such as the second dynamic adjustment parameter in this embodiment, is reset on the basis of the first fixed value, at this time, the first network coefficient is an adjustment coefficient of the network round-trip delay, and is determined by performing a compromise analysis on the current network bandwidth utilization and the change rate of the network state, at this time, the corresponding second dynamic adjustment parameter is calculated according to the first network coefficient of the current video frame group and the minimum round-trip delay detected in the current link of the current video frame group. Illustratively, if jumping from the last PROBE _ RTT state to the PROBE _ BW state during the transmission of the current video frame group, a first network coefficient is determined according to the network bandwidth utilization rate detected in the PROBE _ BW state and the change rate of the network state, and meanwhile, the minimum round-trip delay detected in the last PROBE _ RTT state is obtained, so as to calculate a corresponding second dynamic adjustment parameter. In this embodiment, the second dynamic adjustment parameter is α × min _ RTT, where α is a first network coefficient of the current video frame group, and min _ RTT is a minimum round-trip delay detected during transmission of the current video frame group.
And S320, dynamically selecting the maximum value between the first fixed value and the second dynamic adjustment parameter as the minimum round-trip delay failure time limit of the BBR-based congestion control.
Optionally, the first fixed value in this embodiment is a jump duration default set in an existing BBR algorithm, and is usually 10s, after obtaining the corresponding second dynamic adjustment parameter, when it can be determined whether to control the PROBE _ BW state to jump to the PROBE _ RTT state, a corresponding maximum value is selected from the first fixed value and the second dynamic adjustment parameter, and is used as a minimum round-trip delay failure time limit for congestion control based on the BBR in this embodiment, and subsequently, in a working process of the PROBE _ BW state, it is determined whether the minimum round-trip delay is detected within the minimum round-trip delay failure time limit, so as to control the PROBE _ BW state to jump to the PROBE _ RTT state subsequently; at this time, in a high-delay scene, the second dynamic adjustment parameter determined according to the first network coefficient and the minimum round-trip delay is higher than the first fixed value, and at this time, the minimum round-trip delay failure time limit is the second dynamic adjustment parameter, so that the time interval for jumping to the PROBE _ RTT state is increased, the frequency for jumping to the PROBE _ RTT state is reduced, and the bandwidth utilization rate of video transmission in the high-delay scene is improved.
For example, the calculation formula of the minimum round trip delay time limit in the present embodiment is as follows:
min _ RTT _ extended = max {10s, α × min _ RTT }, where min _ RTT _ extended represents a corresponding minimum round trip delay time limit; the corresponding minimum round-trip delay failure time limit can be accurately obtained through the calculation formula, and the time interval of jumping to the PROBE _ RTT state can be increased when the minimum round-trip delay failure time limit is adopted to detect the minimum round-trip delay in the PROBE _ BW state, so that the frequency of jumping to the PROBE _ RTT state is reduced.
And S330, determining a corresponding third dynamic adjustment parameter according to the second network coefficient of the current video frame group, the bandwidth extremum and the minimum round-trip delay detected in the current link.
Optionally, when controlling the PROBE _ RTT state to jump to the PROBE _ BW state, it is required that the data transmission amount in the PROBE _ RTT state can be lower than the corresponding empty target for detecting the minimum round trip delay, and an existing BBR algorithm sets a default empty target for accurately detecting the minimum round trip delay, such as the second fixed value in this embodiment, but because the second fixed value is set too low, when controlling the transmission amount of the current video frame group to reach the second fixed value in the PROBE _ RTT state, a longer time needs to be consumed, so that the duration of the PROBE _ RTT state is too long, therefore in this embodiment, on the basis of the second fixed value, a reference empty target is reset, such as the third dynamic adjustment parameter in this embodiment, where the second network coefficient is an adjustment coefficient of the empty target, and the corresponding third dynamic adjustment parameter is determined according to the second network coefficient of the current video frame group and the bandwidth extremum and the minimum round trip delay detected in the transmission process, and whether the minimum round trip delay detected in the transmission process needs to determine the last round trip delay detection period of the PROBE _ RTT state; if the third dynamic adjustment parameter is higher than the second fixed value, when the data transmission quantity is controlled to be reduced in the PROBE _ RTT state, the third dynamic adjustment parameter is reached first, and then the minimum round-trip delay is detected, so that the duration of the PROBE _ RTT state can be reduced. Exemplarily, the third dynamic adjustment parameter in the present embodiment is b × max _ BW × min _ RTT; wherein b is a second network coefficient, max _ BW is a bandwidth extreme value detected in the transmission process of the current video frame group, and min _ RTT is a minimum round-trip delay detected in the transmission process of the current video frame group.
And S340, dynamically selecting the maximum value between the second fixed value and the third dynamic adjustment parameter as an emptying target of the BBR-based congestion control in the detection round-trip delay state.
Optionally, the second fixed value is an empty target default set in the existing BBR algorithm, and is usually 4ms, after the corresponding third dynamic adjustment parameter is obtained, when it is determined whether it is necessary to control the PROBE _ RTT state to jump to the PROBE _ BW state, a corresponding maximum value is selected from the second fixed value and the third dynamic adjustment parameter, and is used as an empty target in the detection round trip delay (PROBE _ RTT) state based on the congestion control of the BBR in this embodiment, and subsequently, in the working process of the PROBE _ RTT state, the data transmission amount in the transmission link is controlled to be reduced to the empty target, and at this time, the empty target is the maximum value in the second fixed value and the third dynamic adjustment parameter, so that the duration time of the PROBE _ RTT state is reduced, and the bandwidth utilization rate of video transmission is improved.
For example, the calculation formula of the emptying target in the round-trip delay detection state in the present embodiment is as follows:
taget = max {4mss, b max _bw _minrtt }, where taget represents the emptying target in the corresponding probe round trip delay state; the corresponding emptying target can be accurately obtained through the calculation formula, and when the data transmission quantity in the PROBE _ RTT state is reduced to the emptying target, the duration time of the PROBE _ RTT state can be shortened, and the bandwidth utilization rate of video transmission is improved.
S350, according to the upper limit of the network bandwidth of the current video frame group in the video to be coded and the first dynamic adjustment parameter of the upper limit of the network bandwidth, the coding code rate of the next video frame group is determined.
And S360, coding the video frame in the next video frame group by adopting the coding rate.
S370, the encoded next video frame group is transmitted.
Specifically, after each video frame in the encoded next video frame group is obtained, the BBR-based congestion control method provided in this embodiment is used in the network to continue to transmit the encoded next video frame group, and at this time, the current network bandwidth is fully utilized, and the video transmission rate is increased.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment, by optimizing the emptying target in the PROBE _ RTT state and the time interval for jumping from the PROBE _ BW state to the PROBE _ RTT state in the high-delay scene when the minimum round-trip delay of the alternately working PROBE _ BW state and PROBE _ RTT state fails, the frequency for jumping to the PROBE _ RTT state is reduced, meanwhile, the duration of the PROBE _ RTT state is reduced, and thus the bandwidth utilization rate of video transmission is improved.
Example four
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a congestion control apparatus based on BBR according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the apparatus may include:
the encoding rate determining module 410 is configured to determine an encoding rate of a next video frame group according to the upper limit of the network bandwidth of the current video frame group in the video to be encoded and the first dynamic adjustment parameter of the upper limit of the network bandwidth;
the first dynamic adjustment parameter is used for representing a preset reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to network packet loss conditions and/or detection round-trip delay state duration ratio.
The technical scheme provided by this embodiment is to transmit a video to be encoded in a network based on a BBR algorithm, and at this time, according to a first dynamic adjustment parameter formed by a network bandwidth upper limit detected by a current video frame group in a transmission process and a reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude used for representing a preset network packet loss condition and/or a detection round-trip delay state time ratio, continuously determine a coding rate of a next video frame group most conforming to a current network state, thereby fully utilizing the current network state, and timely judging a change of a first dynamic adjustment parameter of the network bandwidth upper limit of the current video frame group, and avoiding a situation that a video transmission rate is inaccurate when a bandwidth is greatly changed due to a high delay or a high packet loss rate in the prior art.
Further, the BBR-based congestion control apparatus may further include:
the failure time limit optimization module is used for dynamically selecting the minimum round-trip delay failure time limit based on the congestion control of the BBR between a first fixed value and a second dynamic adjustment parameter according to the network transmission condition of the current video frame group; the second dynamic adjustment parameter is used to characterize a preset value associated with the minimum round trip delay in the current link.
Further, the BBR-based congestion control apparatus may further include:
the emptying target optimizing module is used for dynamically selecting an emptying target under the state of detecting round-trip delay based on the BBR congestion control between a second fixed value and a third dynamic adjustment parameter according to the network transmission condition of the current video frame group; the third dynamic adjustment parameter is used for representing preset values related to the network bandwidth upper limit and the minimum round-trip delay in the current link.
Further, the BBR-based congestion control apparatus may further include:
the bandwidth upper limit determining module is used for determining a target transmission period contained in the transmission process of the current video frame group based on the BBR; smoothing the bandwidth extreme value detected in the target transmission period to obtain the network bandwidth upper limit of the current video frame group; or acquiring a bandwidth extreme value detected in the current transmission period in the target transmission period as the upper limit of the network bandwidth of the current video frame group.
Further, the BBR-based congestion control apparatus may further include:
the network packet loss determining module is used for determining a target transmission period contained in the transmission process of the current video frame group based on the BBR; and smoothing the network packet loss rate in the target transmission period to obtain a first dynamic adjustment parameter related to the network packet loss condition.
Further, the BBR-based congestion control apparatus may further include:
and the duration ratio determining module is used for determining a first dynamic adjustment parameter related to the duration ratio of the detection round-trip delay state according to the total transmission duration of the current video frame group based on the BBR and the duration ratio of the detection round-trip delay state.
Further, the BBR-based congestion control apparatus may further include:
and the second parameter determining module is used for determining a corresponding second dynamic adjustment parameter according to the first network coefficient of the current video frame group and the detected minimum round-trip delay in the current link.
Further, the failure time limit optimization module may be specifically configured to:
and dynamically selecting the maximum value between the first fixed value and the second dynamic adjustment parameter as the minimum round-trip delay failure time limit of the BBR-based congestion control.
Further, the BBR-based congestion control apparatus may further include:
and the third parameter determining module is used for determining a corresponding third dynamic adjustment parameter according to the second network coefficient of the current video frame group, the bandwidth extreme value detected in the current link and the minimum round-trip delay.
Further, the emptying target optimization module may be specifically configured to:
and dynamically selecting the maximum value between the second fixed value and the third dynamic adjustment parameter as an emptying target of the BBR-based congestion control in the detection round-trip delay state.
Further, the BBR-based congestion control apparatus may further include:
and the video coding module is used for coding the video frames in the next video frame group by adopting the coding rate.
Further, the BBR-based congestion control apparatus may further include:
and the video transmission module is used for transmitting the encoded next video frame group.
The BBR-based congestion control apparatus provided in this embodiment is applicable to the BBR-based congestion control method provided in any of the above embodiments, and has corresponding functions and beneficial effects.
EXAMPLE five
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the apparatus includes a processor 50, a storage device 51, and a communication device 52; the number of processors 50 in the device may be one or more, and one processor 50 is taken as an example in fig. 5; the processor 50, the storage means 51 and the communication means 52 in the device may be connected by a bus or other means, which is exemplified in fig. 5.
The storage device 51 is a computer-readable storage medium, and can be used to store software programs, computer-executable programs, and modules, such as program instructions/modules corresponding to the BBR-based congestion control method provided in the embodiment of the present invention. The processor 50 executes various functional applications of the apparatus and data processing by running software programs, instructions and modules stored in the storage device 51, that is, implements the above-described BBR-based congestion control method.
The storage device 51 may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the terminal, and the like. Further, the storage 51 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid state storage device. In some examples, the storage 51 may further include memory located remotely from the processor 50, which may be connected to the device over a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The communication means 52 may be used to enable a network connection or a mobile data connection between the devices.
The device provided by this embodiment may be configured to execute the BBR-based congestion control method provided by any of the above embodiments, and has corresponding functions and beneficial effects.
EXAMPLE six
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, can implement the BBR-based congestion control method in any of the above embodiments. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the coding rate of the next video frame group according to the upper limit of the network bandwidth of the current video frame group in the video to be coded and the first dynamic adjustment parameter of the upper limit of the network bandwidth;
the first dynamic adjustment parameter is used for representing a preset reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to network packet loss conditions and/or detection round-trip delay state duration ratio.
Of course, the storage medium containing computer-executable instructions provided by the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the method operations described above, and may also perform related operations in the BBR-based congestion control method provided by any embodiment of the present invention.
From the above description of the embodiments, it is obvious for those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented by software and necessary general hardware, and certainly, can also be implemented by hardware, but the former is a better embodiment in many cases. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a floppy disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a FLASH Memory (FLASH), a hard disk or an optical disk of a computer, and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute the methods according to the embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the congestion control apparatus based on BBR, the included units and modules are only divided according to functional logic, but are not limited to the above division as long as the corresponding functions can be implemented; in addition, the specific names of the functional units are only for the convenience of distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. A BBR-based congestion control method, the method comprising:
performing multi-segment division on all video frames contained in the whole video according to a preset rule, and performing coding transmission with different code rates on the divided video frame groups respectively;
determining the coding rate of the next video frame group according to the upper limit of the network bandwidth of the current video frame group in the video to be coded and the first dynamic adjustment parameter of the upper limit of the network bandwidth;
the first dynamic adjustment parameter is used for representing a preset reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to network packet loss conditions and detection round-trip delay state duration ratio;
the calculation formula of the coding rate of the next video frame group is as follows:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
representing the coding rate of the next group of video frames,
for the upper limit of network bandwidth detected during transmission of the current group of video frames,
in order to dynamically adjust the amplitude in the reverse direction during the transmission of the current video frame group in relation to the network packet loss situation,
the amplitude is dynamically adjusted in a reverse direction related to the ratio of the duration of the detection round-trip delay state in the transmission process of the current video frame group;
the reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to the network packet loss condition is the network packet loss rate after smoothing processing; the reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to the time length occupation ratio of the detection round-trip delay state is determined according to the total transmission time length of the current video frame group based on the BBR and the time length occupied by the detection round-trip delay state.
2. The BBR-based congestion control method of claim 1, further comprising:
dynamically selecting a minimum round-trip delay failure time limit of congestion control based on bottleneck bandwidth and round-trip delay BBR between a first fixed value and a second dynamic adjustment parameter according to the network transmission condition of the current video frame group; the second dynamic adjustment parameter is used for representing a preset numerical value related to the minimum round trip delay in the current link.
3. The BBR based congestion control method of claim 1, further comprising:
dynamically selecting an emptying target of the BBR-based congestion control in a detection round-trip delay state between a second fixed value and a third dynamic adjustment parameter according to the network transmission condition of the current video frame group; the third dynamic adjustment parameter is used for representing preset values related to the network bandwidth upper limit and the minimum round-trip delay in the current link.
4. The BBR-based congestion control method of claim 1, further comprising, before determining the coding rate of the next video frame group:
determining a target transmission period contained in the current video frame group in a BBR-based transmission process;
smoothing the bandwidth extreme value detected in the target transmission period to obtain the network bandwidth upper limit of the current video frame group; or acquiring a bandwidth extreme value detected in a current transmission period in the target transmission period as the upper limit of the network bandwidth of the current video frame group.
5. The BBR-based congestion control method of claim 1, further comprising, before determining the coding rate of the next video frame group:
determining a target transmission period contained in the current video frame group in a BBR-based transmission process;
and smoothing the network packet loss rate in the target transmission period to obtain a first dynamic adjustment parameter related to the network packet loss condition.
6. The BBR-based congestion control method of claim 2, further comprising:
and determining a corresponding second dynamic adjustment parameter according to the first network coefficient of the current video frame group and the detected minimum round-trip delay in the current link.
7. The BBR-based congestion control method of claim 6, wherein dynamically selecting the BBR-based congestion control minimum round-trip delay failure time limit between the first fixed value and the second dynamic adjustment parameter according to the network transmission condition of the current video frame group comprises:
and dynamically selecting the maximum value between the first fixed value and the second dynamic adjustment parameter as the minimum round-trip delay failure time limit of the BBR-based congestion control.
8. The BBR-based congestion control method of claim 3, further comprising:
and determining a corresponding third dynamic adjustment parameter according to the second network coefficient of the current video frame group, the bandwidth extremum and the minimum round-trip delay detected in the current link.
9. The BBR-based congestion control method of claim 8, wherein dynamically selecting the emptying target of the BBR-based congestion control in the probe round trip delay state between the second fixed value and the third dynamic adjustment parameter according to the network transmission condition of the current video frame group comprises:
and dynamically selecting the maximum value between the second fixed value and the third dynamic adjustment parameter as an emptying target of the BBR-based congestion control in the detection round-trip delay state.
10. The BBR-based congestion control method according to any of claims 1-9, further comprising, after determining the coding rate of the next video frame group:
and coding the video frames in the next video frame group by adopting the coding rate.
11. The BBR-based congestion control method of claim 10, further comprising:
the encoded next group of video frames is transmitted.
12. A BBR-based congestion control device, comprising:
performing multi-segment division on all video frames contained in the whole video according to a preset rule, and performing coding transmission with different code rates on the divided video frame groups respectively;
the encoding code rate determining module is used for determining the encoding code rate of the next video frame group according to the upper limit of the network bandwidth of the current video frame group in the video to be encoded and the first dynamic adjustment parameter of the upper limit of the network bandwidth;
the first dynamic adjustment parameter is used for representing a preset reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to network packet loss conditions and detection round-trip delay state duration ratio;
the calculation formula of the coding rate of the next video frame group is as follows:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
representing the coding rate of the next group of video frames,
for the upper limit of network bandwidth detected during transmission of the current group of video frames,
in order to dynamically adjust the amplitude in the reverse direction during the transmission of the current video frame group in relation to the network packet loss situation,
adjusting the amplitude of the reverse dynamic state related to the duration ratio of the detection round-trip delay state in the transmission process of the current video frame group;
the reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to the network packet loss condition is the network packet loss rate after the smoothing processing; the reverse dynamic adjustment amplitude related to the occupation ratio of the duration of the probing round-trip delay state is determined according to the total transmission duration of the current video frame group based on the BBR and the occupation duration of the probing round-trip delay state.
13. A computer device, the device comprising:
one or more processors;
storage means for storing one or more programs;
when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the BBR-based congestion control method of any of claims 1-11.
14. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to carry out the BBR based congestion control method according to any of the claims 1-11.
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| CN113037697B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2023-07-14 | 深信服科技股份有限公司 | Video frame processing method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium |
| CN111263153B (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2022-10-11 | 广州市百果园信息技术有限公司 | Video encoding method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN111953613B (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2024-02-23 | 西安万像电子科技有限公司 | Data transmission control method and device |
| CN114125920A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-03-01 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | BBRv2 bandwidth detection method and system based on time delay |
| CN114245197B (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-05-17 | 广州市保伦电子有限公司 | Audio and video interaction low-delay transmission method and background server |
| CN115150286B (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2023-09-22 | 苏州华兴源创科技股份有限公司 | Transmission node changing method, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN116208788B (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-07-21 | 海马云（天津）信息技术有限公司 | Method and device for providing network application service, server equipment and storage medium |
| CN117499317B (en) * | 2023-12-28 | 2024-04-12 | 苏州元脑智能科技有限公司 | Link congestion control method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
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