具体实施方式
以下所述实验方法,没有具体说明的,均按照《分子克隆实验指南》(2002年,科学出版社)所述方法进行。
实施例1
引物设计与基因扩增
设计下列p35亚基扩增引物及p40亚基扩增引物(委托上海生工生物工程有限公司合成),用RNeasy提取试剂盒(Qiagen公司产品)提取人细胞的总RNA,并作为逆转录PCR的模板,分别进行一步法RT—PCR扩增(Takara公司试剂盒),得到长度为684bp的p35基因产物以及长度1002bp的p40基因产物(见图1),均与预期大小相一致。
P35正向引物序列为(下划线表示SalI酶切位点):
5’-TGGGTCGACGCCACCATGTGTCCAGCGCGCAGCCTC-3’
P35反向引物序列为(下划线表示SalI酶切位点):
5’-TGGGTCGACTCAGGAAGCATTCAGATAGC-3’
P40正向引物序列为(下划线表示BamHI酶切位点):
5’-CGGGATCCATGTGTCACCAGCAGTTG-3’
P35反向引物序列为(下划线表示BamHI酶切位点):
5’-CGGGATCCTAACTGCAGGGCACAGATG-3’
实施例2
基因克隆
(1)重组质粒pDouble-P35的构建
载体pDouble携带双表达盒。将p35基因的PCR产物以SalI单酶切后克隆插入pDouble载体中,筛选获得正向插入的重组质粒并命名为pDouble-P35(结构示意图见图2)。
(2)重组质粒pP40IRESneo的构建
携带Neo抗性筛选标记的载体pIRESneo购自美国Clontech公司。将p40基因的PCR产物以BamHI单酶切后克隆插入pIRESneo载体中,筛选获得正向插入的重组质粒并命名为pP40IRESneo(结构示意图见图3)。
(3)重组质粒p75的构建
以NruI+XhoI双酶切载体pP40IRESneo,将携带整个P40-IRES-Neo的表达盒转移入KpnI单酶切并补平后的pDouble-P35载体中,获得的重组质粒命名为pP75(结构示意图见图4)。
实施例3
基因的鉴定与序列测定
重组质粒pDouble-P35、pP40IRESneo及pP75的鉴定
(1)分别用EcoRI和BglII单酶切对pDouble-P35进行酶切鉴定,得到大小约为2.3kb和4.4kb的两条带(EcoRI单酶切)以及大小约为1.3kb和5.4kb的两条带(BglII酶切),结果与预期一致(图5)。
(2)分别用KpnI及EcoRI单酶切对pP40IRESneo进行酶切鉴定,得到大小约为1.9kb和4.3kb的两条带(KpnI单酶切)以及大小约为0.8kb和5.4kb的两条带(EcoRI单酶切),结果与预期一致(图6)。
(3)分别用EcoRI及EcoRV单酶切对pP75进行酶切鉴定,得到大小约为0.76kb、1.04kb、2.25kb和5.37kb的四条带(EcoRI酶切)以及大小约为0.46kb、0.95kb和8kb的三条带(EcoRV单酶切),结果与预期一致(图7)。
实施例4
P35的基因工程改造及真核表达载体的构建
携带2个P35亚基表达盒及1个P40亚基表达盒的重组质粒的构建
(1)以NruI+KpnI双酶切载体pDouble-P35(图2),回收P35亚基表达盒(3285bp),并通过T4DNA聚合酶进行补平。
(2)以NruI单酶切载体pP75(图4),以CIP酶进行去磷酸化(9416bp)。
(3)连接1与2,转化大肠杆菌后筛选出阳性克隆p2P35-1P40(图8)。
实施例5
重组质粒p2P35-1P40瞬时转染HeLa细胞后IL-12的表达水平检测
HeLa细胞接入六孔板,培养至90%单层,重组质粒p2P35-1P40用Lipofectamine2000转染试剂(Invitrogen公司产品)转染HeLa细胞,操作按说明书进行,设置3个质粒转染孔和3个对照孔。在转染后24小时收集全部的上清培养液并加入新鲜的培养基继续培养,在转染后48、72和96小时也分别按如上操作收集上清培养液。IL-12的表达水平通过ELISA试剂盒(晶美公司产品)进行检测,平均的表达量见表1。
表1重组质粒p2P35-1P40瞬时转染HeLa细胞后IL-12的表达水平检测
| p2P35-1P40质粒转染孔IL-12的表达量 | 对照孔IL-12的表达量 |
转染后24小时 | 22.4ng/ml | <1ng/ml |
转染后48小时 | 186ng/ml | <1ng/ml |
转染后72小时 | 256ng/ml | <1ng/ml |
转染后96小时 | 63.9ng/ml | <1ng/ml |
实施例6
CHO细胞的转染与筛选
采用GIBCO/BRL的Lipofectin进行细胞转染,操作按说明书进行。表达载体p2P35-1P40经PEG纯化后转染CHO细胞。CHO细胞用1640完全培养基(含10%小牛血清),37℃5%CO2培养至细胞约80%汇片。按试剂盒说明操作,转染72h后收集上清,加G418筛选。培养约两周,在有明显克隆形成后,撤去G418。数天后收集培养细胞上清,进行IL_12的生物及免疫活性的检测。挑取活性高的克隆转移至24孔板中,再转移至6孔板中培养,进行加压筛选,获得表达IL-12高的克隆。从中检测出活性最高的克隆,形成工程细胞株。
实施例7
重组CHO细胞的培养
中国仓鼠卵巢(CHO)细胞既可贴壁培养也可以悬浮方式生长,我们从含血清贴壁培养逐步过渡到少血清培养,以至无血清的悬浮式培养。无血清的细胞生物反应器的连续灌注培养的优点在于培养条件稳定可控,便于对细胞的状态进行精确的评估,加强对细胞外环境的检测,有利于增加细胞目的蛋白的分泌,使得目的蛋白的纯化变得容易进行。我实验室从含血清培养逐步减少培养液的血清含量,最后成功转化为无血清的连续悬浮培养。通过多次的反复探索,成功的驯化了表达rhIL-12的CHO细胞株,使其完全适合美国GIBCO公司的CHO-S-SFM II无血清培养液,采用德国贝朗2L动物细胞生物反应器进行连续灌注培养,通过对培养过程中各种营养物质的浓度以及代谢产物的浓度连续监控,使培养条件参数不断优化,培养上清液目的蛋白的浓度明显提高,每次连续培养约25天,细胞密度最高为1×107/ml,总共可收获约20L培养上清液,CHO细胞能稳定高效表达rhIL-12,平均浓度为6μg/ml。
实施例8
IL-12的纯化
将含有IL-12的细胞培养上清液进行超滤或稀释,调整盐离子强度上阳离子交换柱,用buffer(20mM PBS,1M NaCI,pH6.0)进行阶段洗脱,分步收集分离组分;将含IL-12组分4M的(NH4)2SO4(pH8.0)沉淀,去沉淀取上清上疏水柱,用buffer(20mM Tris-Cl,2M(NH4)2SO4,pH8.5)进行阶段洗脱,分步收集分离组分;将含IL-12组分适当稀释调整离子强度后上阴离子交换柱,用buffer(20mM Tris-Cl,1M NaCl,pH8.5)进行阶段洗脱,分步收集分离组分;将含IL-12组分上分子筛层析柱;用buffer(120mM NaCl,20mM PB,pH7.0)进行洗脱,分步收集分离组分,经SDS-PAGE,HPLC等方法检测纯度达98%以上。
实施例9
rhIL-12的质量控制
1.rhIL-12分子量测定
(1)SDS-PAGE测定分子量
SDS-PAGE显示,IL-12的相对分子量为60—80kD(图9)。
(2)质谱MALDI-TOF检测分子量
纯化得到得IL-12样品脱盐后用50%乙腈配成浓度为0.05~0.5g/L的蛋白质溶液,取5μL溶液与5μL基质(SA)混合,取0.5~1μL混合液点在探头上,经样品制备仪抽干后上样。测试仪器型号:AutoFlex MALDI-TOF-MS;检测条件:N2激光源,波长337nm;检测方式:线性方式(飞行管长1.22M,加速电压20KV)。测定分子量结果为:60013.338Da(图10)。文献报道P35亚基分子量为22513Da;P40亚基分子量为34699Da;加上糖链部分的分子量,MALDI-TOF-MS测定分子量60013.34Da与理论相符合。
2.rhIL-12的Western Blot检测
用免疫印迹法Western Blot分析重组蛋白的表达。本法系以供试品与特异性抗体结合后,抗体与酶标抗体特异性结合,通过酶学反应的显色,对供试品的抗原特异性进行检查。各批次rhIL-12原液的Western Blot结果一致,呈阳性反应(图11)。
3.rhIL-12的质谱肽图测定
用胰蛋白酶水解后,0采用质谱(MS)法测定,测定时采用波长337nm的N2激光源进行检测离子类型为正离子,检测方式为反射方式(飞行管长2.7M,加速电压20KV,反射电压23KV)检测基质为CCA,结果如图12。
根据理论胰蛋白酶理论水解位点,对肽质量酶谱分析,质谱肽图与理论序列相匹配的肽段(结果如表2)符合理论预期值。
表2质谱肽图与理论序列相匹配的肽段
4.rhIL-12的活性检测
rhIL-12生物活性检测采用PBMC IFN-γ诱生法
(1)NIBSC标准品(WHO国际标准品)和纯化rhIL-12的稀释:标准品和经准确定量的纯化rhIL-12用RMPI1640基础培养液稀释成以下浓度:8ng/mL、4ng/mL、2ng/ml、1ng/mL、0.5ng/mL、0.25ng/mL、0.125ng/mL、0.0625ng/mL待用。
(2)分离PBMC细胞:抽取静脉血5mL,肝素抗凝,Hank液等量混匀,取5mlFicoll淋巴细胞分离液置于15mL刻度离心管中,将稀释的血液沿管壁缓缓叠加于分离液上,形成清晰的界面,置水平离心机中,2000r/min离心20min,用滴管直接吸出单个核细胞层置于另一刻度离心管中,加入4倍量以上的Hank液,充分混匀,1000r/min离心10min,倾去上清液,再用Hank液洗两次,用含10%灭活胎牛血清的RMPI1640基础培养液配制细胞悬液,计数细胞,同时用台盼兰检测细胞活力,要求细胞活力>95%以上,每孔加入100uL细胞悬液及相应稀释浓度标准品和纯化rhIL-12至96孔培养板,空白对照组加RMPI1640基础培养液,阳性对照组加抗人CD3,终浓度(0.2ug/mL),每个稀释度做两个复孔。
(3)37℃,5%CO2,培养48小时
(4)收集细胞培养上清液每孔50ul,离心处理后ELISA(按BD公司试剂盒说明书操作)测定IFN-γ含量。
(5)结果计算:用MULTISKAN MK3酶标仪(Thermo公司)450nm测定各孔吸光度,Ascent software version2.6软件曲线定量计算IFN-γ含量。用标准品各稀释度体外刺激PBMCs IFN-γ产生量与纯化rhIL-12对应稀释度IFN-γ产生量对比。(t检验:P>0.05,两样品间无显著性差异)。或以IFN-γ含量对样品浓度作图,计算各实验样品的ED50(即IFN-γ含量为最大浓度的一半时的样品浓度),按公式:待测样品效价=标准品效价×(标准品的ED50/实验样品的ED50)。所纯化的rhIL-12的比活为6.4×106IU/mg以上。
附录1a.GenBank公布的rhIL-12(hIL-12)的P35亚基编码基因序列
NM_000882.Reports Homo sapiens inte...[gi:24430218]
LOCUS NM_000882 1444bp mRNA linear PRI03-DEC-2006
DEFINITION Homo sapiens interleukin 12A(natural killer cell stimulatory
factor1,cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor1,p35)(IL12A),
mRNA.
ACCESSION NM_000882
VERSION NM_000882.2GI:24430218
KEYWORDS.
SOURCE Homo sapiens(human)
ORGANISM Homo sapiens
Eukaryota;Metazoa;Chordata;Craniata;Vertebrata;Euteleostomi;
Mammalia;Eutheria;Euarchontoglires;Primates;Haplorrhini;
Catarrhini;Hominidae;Homo.
REFERENCE 1 (bases1 to 1444)
AUTHORS Peluso,I.,Pallone,F.and Monteleone,G.
TITLE Interleukin-12and Th1 immune response in Crohn′s disease:
pathogenetic relevance and therapeutic implication
JOURNAL World J.Gastroenterol.12(35),5606-5610(2006)
PUBMED 17007011
REMARK GeneRIF:This review summarizes information on the expression and
role of IL-12both in patients with Crohn′s diease and experimental
models of colitis,thus emphasizing differencesbetween IL-12and
IL-23activity on the development of intestinal inflammation.
REFERENCE 2 (bases1to1444)
AUTHORS Cheng,J.,Imanishi,H.,Morisaki,H.,Liu,W.,Nakamura,H.,
Morisaki,T.and Hada,T.
TITLE Recombinant HBsAg inhibits LPS-induced COX-2expressionand IL-18
production by interfering with the NFkappaB pathway in a human
monocytic cellline,THP-1
JOURNAL J.Hepatol.43(3),465-471(2005)
PUBMED 15963597
REMARK GeneRIF:novel anti-inflammatory property of recombinant HBsAg
which involves inhibition ofinterleukin12.
REFERENCE 3 (bases1to1444)
AUTHORS Watanabe,N.,Hanabuchi,S.,Marloie-Provost,M.A.,Antonenko,S.,
Liu,Y.J.and Soumelis,V.
TITLE Human TSLP promotes CD40ligand-induced IL-12production by
myeloid
dendritic cells but maintains theirTh2priming potential
JOURNAL Blood105(12),4749-4751(2005)
PUBMED 15741223
REMARK GeneRIF:TSLP is a major regulatory cytokine for CD40
ligand-induced IL-12production by DCs,and TSLP-activated DCs
could promote the persistence of Th2inflammation even in the
presence of IL-12-inducing signals
REFERENCE 4 (bases1to1444)
AUTHORS Navaglia,F.,Basso,D.,Zambon,C.F.,Ponzano,E.,Caenazzo,L.,
Gallo,N.,Falda,A.,Belluco,C.,Fogar,P.,Greco,E.,Di Mario,F.,
Rugge,M.and Plebani,M.
TITLE Interleukin12gene polymorphisms enhance gastric cancer risk inH
pylori infected individuals
JOURNAL J.Med.Genet.42(6),503-510(2005)
PUBMED 15937086
REMARK GeneRIF:IL12A gene polymorphisms may affectthe final steps of
gastric carcinogenesis in H pylori infected subjects.
REFERENCE 5 (bases1to1444)
AUTHORS Luo,X.,Liu,L.,Tang,N.,Lu,K.Q.,McCormick,T.S.,Kang,K.and
Cooper,K.D.
TITLE Inhibition of monocyte-derived dendritic cell differentiation and
interleukin-12productionby complement iC3b via a
mitogen-activated proteinkinase signalling pathway
JOURNAL Exp.Dermatol.14(4),303-310(2005)
PUBMED 15810889
REMARK GeneRIF:iC3b interferes with monocyte-derived dendritic cell
differentiation and IL-12and IL-10production is mediated via an
ERK MAPK-dependent mechanism
REFERENCE 6 (bases1to1444)
AUTHORS Thierfelder,W.E.,van Deursen,J.M.,Yamamoto,K.,Tripp,R.A.,
Sarawar,S.R.,Carson,R.T.,Sangster,M.Y.,Vignali,D.A.,
Doherty,P.C.,Grosveld,G.C.and Ihle,J.N.
TITLE Requirement for Stat4in interleukin-12-mediated responses of
natural killer and T cells
JOURNAL Nature382(6587),171-174(1996)
PUBMED 8700208
REFERENCE 7 (bases1to1444)
AUTHORS Sharma,V.,Knobloch,T.J.and Benjamin,D.
TITLE Differential expression of cytokine genes in HIV-1tat transfected
T and B celllines
JOURNAL Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.208(2),704-713(1995)
PUBMED 7695626
REFERENCE 8 (bases1to1444)
AUTHORS Sieburth,D.,Jabs,E.W.,Warrington,J.A.,Li,X.,Lasota,J.,
LaForgia,S.,Kelleher,K.,Huebner,K.,Wasmuth,J.J.and Wolf,S.F.
TITLE Assignment of genes encoding a unique cytokine(IL12)composed of
two unrelated subunits to chromosomes3and5
JOURNAL Genomics14(1),59-62(1992)
PUBMED 1358798
REFERENCE 9 (bases1to1444)
AUTHORS Schoenhaut,D.S.,Chua,A.O.,Wolitzky,A.G.,Quinn,P.M.,Dwyer,C.M.,
McComas,W.,Familletti,P.C.,Gately,M.K.and Gubler,U.
TITLE Cloning and expression of murine IL-12
JOURNAL J.Immunol.148(11),3433-3440(1992)
PUBMED 1350290
REFERENCE 10(bases1to1444)
AUTHORS Wolf,S.F.,Temple,P.A.,Kobayashi,M.,Young,D.,Dicig,M.,Lowe,L.,
Dzialo,R.,Fitz,L.,Ferenz,C.,Hewick,R.M.et al.
TITLE Cloning of cDNA for natural killer cellstimulatory factor,a
heterodimeric cytokine with multiple biologic effects on T and
natural killer cells
JOURNAL J.Immunol.146(9),3074-3081(1991)
PUBMED 1673147
COMMENT REVIEWED REFSEQ:This record has been curated by NCBI staff.
The
reference sequence was derived from M65291.1,AW472810.1and
BG702253.1.
OnOct30,2002this sequence version replaced gi:4504638.
Summary:This gene encodes a subunit of a cytokine that acts on T
and natural killer cells,and has a broad array of biological
activities.The cytokine is a disulfide-linked heterodimer composed
of the35-kD subunit encoded by this gene,and a40-kD subunit that
is a member ofthe cytokine receptor family.This cytokine is
required for the T-cell-independent induction of interferon
(IFN)-gamma,and is important for the differentiation of both Th1
and Th2cells.The responses of lymphocytes to this cytokine are
mediated by the activator of transcription protein STAT4.Nitric
oxide synthase2A(NOS2A/NOS2)is found to be required for the
signaling process of this cytokine in innate immunity.
Publication Note:This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
publications that are available for this gene.Please see the
Entrez Gene record to access additional publications.
COMPLETENESS:complete on the3′end.
FEATURES Location/Qualifiers
source 1..1444
/organism="Homo sapiens"
/mol_type="mRNA"
/db_xref="taxon:9606"
/chromosome="3"
/map="3p12-q13.2"
gene 1..1444
/gene="IL12A"
/note="interleukin12A(natural killer cellstimulatory
factor1,cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor1,p35);
synonyms:CLMF,NFSK,NKSF1,IL-12A"
/db_xref="GeneID:3592"
/db_xref="HGNC:5969"
/db_xref="HPRD:01193"
/db_xref="MIM:161560"
CDS 216..977
/gene="IL12A"
/note="natural killer cell stimulatoryfactor1,35kD
subunit;cytotoxic lymphocyte maturationfactor1,p35;
interleukin12,p35;IL-12,subunitp35;NF cell
stimulatory factor chain1;interleukin-12alpha chain
precursor"
/codon_start=1
/product="interleukin12A precursor"
/protein_id="NP_000873.2"
/db_xref="GI:24430219"
/db_xref="CCDS:CCDS3187.1"
/db_xref="GeneID:3592"
/db_xref="HGNC:5969"
/db_xref="HPRD:01193"
/db_xref="MIM:161560"
/translation="MWPPGSASQPPPSPAAATGLHPAARPVSLQCRLSMCPARSLLLV
ATLVLLDHLSLARNLPVATPDPGMFPCLHHSQNLLRAVSNMLQKARQTLEFYPC
TSEE
IDHEDITKDKTSTVEACLPLELTKNESCLNSRETSFITNGSCLASRKTSFMMALCL
SS
IYEDLKMYQVEFKTMNAKLLMDPKRQIFLDQNMLAVIDELMQALNFNSETVPQ
KSSLE
EPDFYKTKIKLCILLHAFRIRAVTIDRVMSYLNAS"
sig_peptide 216..383
/gene="IL12A"
mat_peptide 384..974
/gene="IL12A"
/product="interleukin12A"
STS 915..1340
/gene="IL12A"
/standard_name="PMC105864P1"
/db_xref="UniSTS:270118"
STS 915..1197
/gene="IL12A"
/standard_name="GDB:252062"
/db_xref="UniSTS:156323"
STS 972..1103
/gene="IL12A"
/standard_name="RH17729"
/db_xref="UniSTS:66784"
STS 989..1336
/gene="IL12A"
/standard_name="SHGC-12751"
/db_xref="UniSTS:32985"
polyA_signal 1414..1419
/gene="IL12A"
polyA_site 1437
/gene="IL12A"
/experiment="experimental evidence,no additional details
recorded"
ORIGIN
1 tttcattttg ggccgagctg gaggcggcgg ggccgtcccg gaacggctgc ggccgggcac
61 cccgggagtt aatccgaaag cgccgcaagc cccgcgggcc ggccgcaccg cacgtgtcac
121 cgagaagctg atgtagagag agacacagaa ggagacagaa agcaagagac cagagtcccg
181 ggaaagtcct gccgcgcctc gggacaatta taaaaatgtg gccccctggg tcagcctccc
241 agccaccgcc ctcacctgcc gcggccacag gtctgcatcc agcggctcgc cctgtgtccc
301 tgcagtgccg gctcagcatg tgtccagcgc gcagcctcct ccttgtggct accctggtcc
361 tcctggacca cctcagtttg gccagaaacc tccccgtggc cactccagac ccaggaatgt
421 tcccatgcct tcaccactcc caaaacctgc tgagggccgt cagcaacatg ctccagaagg
481 ccagacaaac tctagaattt tacccttgca cttctgaaga gattgatcat gaagatatca
541 caaaagataa aaccagcacagtggaggcct gtttaccatt ggaattaacc aagaatgaga
601 gttgcctaaa ttccagagag acctctttca taactaatgg gagttgcctg gcctccagaa
661 agacctcttt tatgatggcc ctgtgccttagtagtattta tgaagacttg aagatgtacc
721 aggtggagtt caagaccatg aatgcaaagc ttctgatgga tcctaagagg cagatctttc
781 tagatcaaaa catgctggca gttattgatg agctgatgca ggccctgaat ttcaacagtg
841 agactgtgcc acaaaaatcc tcccttgaag aaccggattt ttataaaact aaaatcaagc
901 tctgcatact tcttcatgct ttcagaattc gggcagtgac tattgataga gtgatgagct
961 atctgaatgc ttcctaaaaa gcgaggtccc tccaaaccgt tgtcattttt ataaaacttt
1021 gaaatgagga aactttgata ggatgtggat taagaactag ggagggggaa agaaggatgg
1081 gactattaca tccacatgat acctctgatc aagtattttt gacatttact gtggataaat
1141 tgtttttaag ttttcatgaa tgaattgcta agaagggaaa atatccatcc tgaaggtgtt
1201 tttcattcac tttaatagaa gggcaaatat ttataagcta tttctgtacc aaagtgtttg
1261 tggaaacaaa catgtaagca taacttattt taaaatattt atttatataa cttggtaatc
1321 atgaaagcat ctgagctaac ttatatttat ttatgttata tttattaaat tatttatcaa
1381 gtgtatttga aaaatatttt taagtgttct aaaaataaaa gtattgaatt aaagtgaaaa
1441 aaaa
//
附录1bGenBank公布的rhIL-12(hIL-12)的P40亚基编码基因序列
1:NM_002187.Reports Homo sapiens inte...[gi:24497437]
LOCUS NM_002187 2347bp mRNA linear PRI26-NOV-2006
DEFINITION Homo sapiens interleukin12B(natural killer cellstimulatory
fact2,cytotoxiclymphocyte maturation factor 2,p40)(IL12B),
mRNA.
ACCESSION NM_002187
VERSION NM_002187.2GI:24497437
KEYWORDS.
SOURCE Homo sapiens(human)
ORGANISM Homo sapiens
Eukaryota;Metazoa;Chordata;Craniata;Vertebrata;Euteleostomi;
Mammalia;Eutheria;Euarchontoglires;Primates;Haplorrhini;
Catarrhini;Hominidae;Homo.
REFERENCE 1 (bases1to2347)
AUTHORS Vujisic,S.,Lepej,S.Z.,Emedi,I.,Bauman,R.,Remenar,A.and
Tiljak,M.K.
TITLE Ovarian follicular concentration of IL-12,IL-15,IL-18and p40
subunit of IL-12and IL-23
JOURNAL Hum.Reprod.21(10),2650-2655(2006)
PUBMED 16772281
REMARK GeneRIF:Increased concentrations of p40subunit of IL-12/IL-23in
follicles containing oocytes suggest an important role of this
cytokine in reproduction.
REFERENCE 2 (bases1to2347)
AUTHORS Suneetha,P.V.,Goyal,A.,Hissar,S.S.and Sarin,S.K.
TITLE Studies on TAQ1polymorphism in the3′untranslatedregion of
IL-12P40gene in HCV patients infected predominantlywith genotype
3
JOURNAL J.Med.Virol.78(8),1055-1060(2006)
PUBMED 16789008
REMARK GeneRIF:The association of IL-12p40A1188C polymorphism with the
outcome of HCV infection is reported.
REFERENCE 3 (bases1to2347)
AUTHORS Yanagihori,H.,Oyama,N.,Nakamura,K.,Mizuki,N.,Oguma,K.and
Kaneko,F.
TITLE Role of IL-12B promoter polymorphism inAdamantiades-Behcet′s
disease susceptibility:Aninvolvement of Th1immunoreactivity
against Streptococcus Sanguinis antigen
JOURNAL J.Invest.Dermatol.126(7),1534-1540(2006)
PUBMED 16514412
REMARK GeneRIF:Our results provide evidence for anti-bacterial host
response toward Th1-immunity mediated by IL-12B inpatients with
Adamantiades-Behcet′s disease(ABD),and the possible insight into
the genetic susceptibilitythatis independent of HLA background.
REFERENCE 4 (bases1to2347)
AUTHORS Yoshikawa,H.,Sato,K.,Edahiro,S.,Furukawa,Y.,Maruta,T.,
Iwasa,K.,Watanabe,H.,Takaoka,S.,Suzuki,Y.,Takamori,M.and
Yamada,M.
TITLE Elevation of IL-12p40and its antibody in myasthenia gravis with
thymoma
JOURNAL J.Neuroimmunol.175(1-2),169-175(2006)
PUBMED 16574246
REMARK GeneRIF:Among cytokines affecting T helper type1(Th1)-Th2
balance,the levels of IL-12p40and its autoantibody are
specifically elevated in patients with myasthenia gravis
complicated by thymoma.
REFERENCE 5 (bases 1 to2347)
AUTHORS Silswal,.N.Singh,A.K.,Aruna,B.,Mukhopadhyay,S.,Ghosh,S.and
Ehtesham,N.Z.
TITLE Human resistin stimulates the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alphaa
and IL-12 in macrophages by NF-kappaB-dependent pathway
JOURNAL Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.334(4),1092-1101(2005)
PUBMED 16039994
REMARK GeneRIF:The pro-infiammatory nature of hResistin was further
evident from the abillty of this protein to induce the nuclear
translocation of NF-kappaB tramscroption factor as seen from
electrophoretic mobility shift assays.
REFERENC 6 (bases 1 to 2347)
AUTHORS Ling.P.,Gately,Gubler,U.,Stern,A.S.,Lin,P.,Hollfelder,K.,
Su,C.,Pan,Y.C.and Hakimi,J.
TITLE Human IL-12p40 homodimer binds to the IL-12receptor but does not
mediate biologic activity
JOURNAL J.Immunol. 154(1),116-127(1995)
PUBMED 7527811
REFERENCE 7 (bades 1 to 2347)
AUTHORS Aragane,y.,Riemann,H.,Bhardwaj,R.S.Schwarz,A.,Sawada,Y.,
Yamada,H.,Luger,T.A.,Kubln,M.,Trinchierl,g.and Schwarz,T.
TITLE IL-12 is expressed and released by human keratinocytes and
epidermoid carcinoma cell lines
JOURNAL J.Immunol .153(12),5366-5372(1944)
PUBMED 7527439
REFERENCE 8 (bases 1 to 2347)
AUTHORS Sieburth,D.,Jabs,E.W.,Warrington,.J.A.,Li,X.,Lasota,J.,
LaForgia,S.,Kelleher,K.,Huebmer,K.,Wasmuth,.J.J.and Wolf,S.F.,
TITLE Assignment of genes encoding a unique cytokine (IL12)composed of
two unrelated subunets to chromosomes3 and 5
JOURNAL Genomics 14(1,59-62(1992)
PUBMED 1358798
REFERENCE 9 (bases 1 to 2347)
AUTHORS Gubler,U.,Chua,A.O.,Schoenhaut,D.S.,Dwyer,C.M.,McComas,W.,
Motyka,R.,Nabavi,N.,Wolitzky,A.G.,Quinn,P.M.,Familletti,P.C.et
al.
TITLE Coexpression of two distinct genes is required to generate secreted
bioactive cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor
JOURNAL Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.88(10),4143-4147(1991)
PUBMED 1674604
REFERENCE 10(bases1to2347)
AUTHORS Wolf,S.F.,Temple,P.A.,Kobayashi,M.,Young,D.,Dicig,M.,Lowe,L.,
Dzialo,R.,Fitz,L.,Ferenz,C.,Hewick,R.M.et al.
TITLE Cloning of cDNA for natural killer cell stimulatory factor,a
heterodimeric cytokine with multiple biologic effects on T and
natural killer cells
JOURNAL J.Immunol.146(9),3074-3081(1991)
PUBMED 1673147
COMMENT REVIEWED REFSEQ:This record has been curated by NCBI staff.
The
reference sequence was derived from M65290.1and M65272.1.
On Nov3,2002this sequence version replaced gi:4504640.
Summary:This gene encodes a subunit of interleukin12,a cytokine
that acts on T andnatural killer cells,and has a broad array of
biological activities.Interleukin12is a disulfide-linked
heterodimer composed ofthe40kD cytokine receptor like subunit
encoded by this gene,and a35kD subunit encoded by IL12A.This
cytokine is expressed by activated macrophages that serve as an
essential inducer of Th1cells development.This cytokine has been
found to be important for sustaining a sufficient number of
memory/effector Th1cells to mediate long-term protection to an
intracellular pathogen.Overexpression of this gene was observed in
the central nervous system of patients with multiple sclerosis
(MS),suggesting a role of this cytokine inthe pathogenesis of the
disease.The promoter polymorphism of this gene has been reported
to be associated with the severityof atopic and non-atopic asthma
in children.
Publication Note:This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
publications that are available for this gene.Please see the
Entrez Gene record to access additional publications.
FEATURES Location/Qualifiers
source 1..2347
/organism="Homo sapiens"
/mol_type="mRNA"
/db_xref="taxon:9606"
/chromosome="5"
/map="5q31.1-q33.1"
gene 1..2347
/gene="IL12B"
/note="interleukin12B(natural killer cellstimulatory
factor2,cytotoxic lymphocyte maturationfactor2,p40);
synonyms:CLMF,NKSF,CLMF2,NKSF2,IL-12B"
/db_xref="GeneID:3593"
/db_xref="HGNC:5970"
/db_xref="HPRD:01194"
/db_xref="MIM:161561"
CDS 43..1029
/gene="IL12B"
/go_component="extracellular space[pmid1673147];
membrane"
/go_function="cytokine activity;
hematopoietin/interferon-class(D200-domain)cytokine
receptor activity;interleukin-12receptor binding[pmid
1674604];signal transducer activity[pmid9789052]"
/go_process="antimicrobialhumoral response(sensu
Vertebrata)[pmid10320373];interferon-gamma biosynthesis
[pmid1673147];naturalkiller cellactivation[pmid
1673147];positive regulation of activated T cell
proliferation[pmid1674604];positive regulation of
interferon-gamma biosynthesis[pmid1673147];regulation
of cytokine biosynthesis[pmid1673147];T-helper cell
differentiation[pmid1673147]"
/note="natural killcr cell stimulatory factor-2;cytotoxic
lymphocyte maturation factor2,p40;interleukin12,p40;
natural killer cell stimulatory factor,40kD subunit;
interleukin-12beta chain;IL12,subunit p40"
/codon_start=1
/product="interleukin12B precursor"
/protein_id="NP_002178.2"
/db_xref="GI:24497438"
/db_xref="CCDS:CCDS4346.1"
/db_xref="GeneID:3593"
/db_xref="HGNC:5970"
/db_xref="HPRD:01194"
/db_xref="MIM:161561"
/translation="MCHQQLVISWFSLVFLASPLVAIWELKKDVYVVELDWYPDAPGEM
VVLTCDTPEEDGITWTLDQSSEVLGSGKTLTIQVKEFGDAGQYTCHKGGEVLSH
SLLLLHKKEDGIWSTDILKDQKEPKNKTFLRCEAKNYSGRFTCWWLTTISTDLT
FSVKSSRGSSDPQGVTCGAATLSAERVRGDNKEYEYSVECQEDSACPAAEESLPIE
VMVDAVHKLKYENYTSSFFIRDIIKPDPPKNLQLKPLKNSRQVEVSWEYPDTWST
PHSYFSLTFCVQVQGKSKREKKDRVFTDKTSATVICRKNASISVRAQDRYYSSSW
SEWASVPCS"
sig_peptide 43..108
/gene="IL12B"
mat_peptide 109..1026
/gene="IL12B"
/product="interleukin12B"
STS 317..471
/gene="IL12B"
/standard_name="PMC321570P1"
/db_xref="UniSTS:273112"
STS 1053..1272
/gene="IL12B"
/standard_name="SGC35786"
/db_xref="UniSTS:51991"
STS 2015..2195
/gene="IL12B"
/standard_name="RH17728"
/db_xref="UniSTS:24645"
STS 2116..2324
/gene="IL12B"
/standard_name="G10637"
/db_xref="UniSTS:60436"
ORIGIN
1 ctgtttcagg gccattggac tctccgtcct gcccagagca agatgtgtca ccagcagttg
61 gtcatctctt ggttttccct ggtttttctg gcatctcccc tcgtggccat atgggaactg
121 aagaaagatg tttatgtcgtagaattggat tggtatccgg atgcccctgg agaaatggtg
181 gtcctcacct gtgacacccc tgaagaagat ggtatcacct ggaccttgga ccagagcagt
241 gaggtcttag gctctggcaa aaccctgacc atccaagtca aagagtttgg agatgctggc
301 cagtacacct gtcacaaagg aggcgaggtt ctaagccatt cgctcctgct gcttcacaaa
361 aaggaagatg gaatttggtc cactgatatt ttaaaggacc agaaagaacc caaaaataag
421 acctttctaa gatgcgaggc caagaattat tctggacgtt tcacctgctg gtggctgacg
481 acaatcagta ctgatttgac attcagtgtc aaaagcagca gaggctcttc tgacccccaa
541 ggggtgacgt gcggagctgc tacactctct gcagagagag tcagagggga caacaaggag
601 tatgagtact cagtggagtg ccaggaggac agtgcctgcc cagctgctga ggagagtctg
661 cccattgagg tcatggtgga tgccgttcac aagctcaagt atgaaaacta caccagcagc
721 ttcttcatca gggacatcat caaacctgac ccacccaaga acttgcagct gaagccatta
781 aagaattctc ggcaggtgga ggtcagctgg gagtaccctg acacctggag tactccacat
841 tcctacttct ccctgacatt ctgcgttcag gtccagggca agagcaagag agaaaagaaa
901 gatagagtct tcacggacaa gacctcagcc acggtcatct gccgcaaaaa tgccagcatt
961 agcgtgcggg cccaggaccg ctactatagc tcatcttgga gcgaatgggc atctgtgccc
1021 tgcagttagg ttctgatcca ggatgaaaat ttggaggaaa agtggaagat attaagcaaa
1081 atgtttaaag acacaacgga atagacccaa aaagataatt tctatctgat ttgctttaaa
1141 acgttttttt aggatcacaa tgatatcttt gctgtatttg tatagttaga tgctaaatgc
1201 tcattgaaac aatcagctaa tttatgtata gattttccag ctctcaagtt gccatgggcc
1261 ttcatgctat ttaaatattt aagtaattta tgtatttatt agtatattac tgttatttaa
1321 cgtttgtctg ccaggatgta tggaatgttt catactctta tgacctgatc catcaggatc
1381 agtccctatt atgcaaaatg tgaatttaat tttatttgta ctgacaactt ttcaagcaag
1441 gctgcaagta catcagtttt atgacaatca ggaagaatgc agtgttctga taccagtgcc
1501 atcatacact tgtgatggat gggaacgcaa gagatactta catggaaacc tgacaatgca
1561 aacctgttga gaagatccag gagaacaaga tgctagttcc catgtctgtg aagacttcct
1621 ggagatggtg ttgataaagc aatttagggc cacttacact tctaagcaag tttaatcttt
1681 ggatgcctga attttaaaag ggctagaaaa aaatgattga ccagcctggg aaacataaca
1741 agaccccgtc tctacaaaaa aaatttaaaa ttagccaggc gtggtggctc atgcttgtgg
1801 tcccagctgt tcaggaggat gaggcaggag gatctcttga gcccaggagg tcaaggctat
1861 ggtgagccgt gattgtgcca ctgcatacca gcctaggtga cagaatgaga ccctgtctca
1921 aaaaaaaaaa tgattgaaat taaaattcag ctttagcttc catggcagtc ctcaccccca
1981 cctctctaaa agacacagga ggatgacaca gaaacaccgt aagtgtctgg aaggcaaaaa
2041 gatcttaaga ttcaagagag aggacaagta gttatggcta aggacatgaa attgtcagaa
2101 tggcaggtgg cttcttaaca gccctgtgag aagcagacag atgcaaagaa aatctggaat
2161 ccctttctca ttagcatgaa tgaacctgat acacaattat gaccagaaaa tatggctcca
2221 tgaaggtgct acttttaagt aatgtatgtg cgctctgtaa agtgattaca tttgtttcct
2281 gtttgtttat ttatttattt atttttgcat tctgaggctg aactaataaa aactcttctt
2341 tgtaatc
//