CN101182771A - Seabed gas hydrate mining methods and device - Google Patents
Seabed gas hydrate mining methods and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101182771A CN101182771A CNA2007101687590A CN200710168759A CN101182771A CN 101182771 A CN101182771 A CN 101182771A CN A2007101687590 A CNA2007101687590 A CN A2007101687590A CN 200710168759 A CN200710168759 A CN 200710168759A CN 101182771 A CN101182771 A CN 101182771A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C50/00—Obtaining minerals from underwater, not otherwise provided for
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
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Abstract
The present invention provides a method and a device for exploiting the submarine natural gas hydrate. The present invention transfers the natural gas hydrate on the submarine surface to a dredge and then to a large-volume container after being ground; a water pump is used to add sea water appropriately into the large-volume container. As the temperature of the sea water keeps about 20 DEG C, the temperature of the sea water makes the mixture of ground hydrate and sandstone fully decomposed in the large-volume container so as to separate the natural gas, water and sandstone. The separated natural gas is drained and then directly connected with a user terminal. The present invention with convenient operation and simple device can conveniently, economically and effectively achieve the exploitation of the submarine natural gas hydrate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of exploitation method for sea bed gas hydrate and device, belong to the natural gas extraction field.
Background technology
At present to the reserves of hydrate and physicochemical properties study many, but fewer to the research of hydrate exploitation theory and exploitation method.Yet most of gas hydrates " resource " are because its reserves and the not high exploitation difficulty of enrichment degree are very big.From the production technique aspect, the exploitation of gas hydrates and its formation is inverse process each other, promptly wants the production of water compound, gas hydrates can be transported to ground with solid-state pattern, resolves into natural gas transport then and gives the user.Yet the most direct way is to become gas directly to flow to the user by pipeline decomposition of hydrate in hydrate exploitation reservoir.Will tap natural gas from the gas hydrates reservoir and must possess following condition: (1) can be exposed to hydrate particle beyond the hydrate temperature, pressure phase balance condition; (2) decomposition of hydrate belongs to the endothermic reaction, and decomposition of hydrate has from " protection " property, so needs continuable energy supply; (3) at the hydrate producing well, the gas that decomposes can be shifted out, prevent that a large amount of assemblies of gas from stoping the continuation of hydrate to be decomposed.From balancing each other as can be seen of gas hydrates, want to satisfy above condition, have only following three kinds of approach: the environment temperature of (1) rising hydrate; (2) reduce the residing pressure of hydrate; (3) change phase equilibrium line by chemical method, make phase equilibrium line to left.
Gas hydrates will be converted into the commercial natural gas of using, the realization approach is not only wanted economical but also is wanted safety.Because the physical chemistry spy of gas hydrates, the method for traditional exploitation solid mineral products is not suitable for exploitation of gas hydrate.According to the formation principle of hydrate, the theoretical method that is used for the decomposition of hydrate exploitation has following three kinds.
(1) hot melt, this method principle is injected heat the hydrate deposit layer exactly, temperature raises and causes the decomposition of hydrate particle behind the hydrate absorption heat, can be from ground the liquid of heat such as water, salt solution, steam be injected into the hydrate mined bed, perhaps at hydrate mined bed burning high energy capacity material and adopt methods such as electromagnetism heating.
(2) inhibitor stimulus method, thus this method principle is the hydrate heat power to be balanced each other change by the injection chemical agent to cause decomposition of hydrate.But, adopt when the inhibitor stimulus method is only limited to a small amount of exploitation, because this is more relevant than higher with the inhibitor cost.At some oil exploitation well, when the hydrate choking phenomenon occurring, by injecting the obstruction of the mediation hydrate that methyl alcohol and calcium chloride solution can be successful.
(3) decompression method in the method, by reducing the interface pressure of liquid and hydrate, thereby is decomposed beyond impelling hydrate to be in to balance each other the stability region.In the method, owing to there is not extra heat to be injected into the hydrate mined bed, decomposing the heat that is absorbed must be provided by ambient substance, but the heat that absorbs when decomposition of hydrate acquires a certain degree, and the hydrate ambient temperature reduces the further decomposition that can suppress hydrate.A lot of researchs point out that this method helps the flow of control production gas in the comprehensive decomposable process of gas.The hydrate reservoir that is suitable for existing in those storages a large amount of free gass for the decompression method.
The most general decompression method production technique is to pass through the hydrate reservoir and in free gas layer completion when drilling well, the decomposition of hydrate that causes pressure to descend and top is covered.Although decompression method production technique is most economical method, decompression method production technique decomposing gas in process of production absorbs heat release water outlet meeting generation ice, and then stops the further decomposition of hydrate.Certainly, also have and think that ice can not exert an influence to hydrate production, when being necessary, the decompression method is produced the generation that can regulate the decomposition rate and then the anti-stagnant ice of hydrate by controlled pressure.A large amount of water generates is arranged in the hydrate manufacturing process, will think by ground installation in this case and get rid of water in the well, thereby make manufacturing process continue to carry out.
More than these three kinds of methods only be fit to the gas hydrates upper strata and have good nondecomposable tectal mineral reserve, otherwise three kinds of methods more than all can not using are exploited.Yet most of gas hydrates in seabed are formed at submarine surface, more than three kinds of methods all be not suitable for the exploitation of the hydrate of submarine surface.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming above-mentioned prior art deficiency, the invention provides a kind of seabed surface gas hydrate mining methods and device, the gas hydrates on surface, seabed are transported to the offshore production platform, then gas hydrates are ground the back and add seawater, right gas, water and sandstone are separated, can exploit out natural gas easily and safely, and can not pollute environment.
Realize the technical scheme that the object of the invention adopts: a kind of exploitation method for sea bed gas hydrate may further comprise the steps:
(1) gas hydrates with the surface, seabed are transported to the ore relay station by flexible pipe;
(2) step by step gas hydrates are transported to marine mining dredger from the ore relay station with the ore pulp pump;
(3) send into bulk container after the gas hydrates that will be transported to marine mining dredger grind;
(4) in bulk container, add seawater, utilize the temperature of seawater that the mixture that grinds is fully decomposed in bulk container, natural gas, water and sandstone are separated;
(5) natural gas that separates is discharged until user side by the mouth of pipe that is located at bulk container top, the pipeline bottom bulk container enters the seabed with water and sandstone.
In step (2), gas hydrates are transported to the offshore production platform process from the ore relay station with sealing state, gas hydrates are in the process that is promoted by seabed to sea, because temperature, pressure changes, the part gas hydrates can decompose.Because whole system seals, so the natural gas that decomposes also can be along with undecomposed hydrate enters grinder, gas hydrates are fully ground in grinder, enter bulk container then.
Gas disposal after filtration before water and the sandstone pipeline by bulk container bottom enters the seabed in step (5) is got back in the bulk container the natural gas that leaches is defeated.According to the exploitation rate of undersea mining car, in bulk container, add seawater in right amount by water pump.Because the temperature of seawater is basically about 20 ℃, make the gas hydrates that grind and mixture fully decomposition in bulk container of sandstone with the temperature of seawater.Gas, water and sandstone are separated, because the density of gas is little, gas is exported on the top of container and along outlet line.Water and sandstone are discharged along the bottom of container, and the pipeline by the bottom enters deaerator.Deaerator is separated the gas in the mixture and is transported to bulk container, prevents that natural gas from entering seawater atmospheric environment is constituted influence.
A kind of sea bed gas hydrate quarrying apparatus, the offshore mining part comprises that at least the seabed is from the smelting mining vehicle, flexible pipe, ore relay station and ore pulp pump, flexible pipe is connected with the ore relay station, the ore relay station is connected with an end of the grinder of marine mining dredger by the ore pulp pump, the other end of grinder is connected with bulk container, marine mining dredger is provided with water pump, water pump draws water to hold and is connected with seawater by pipeline, water pump water delivery end is connected with bulk container by pipeline, be provided with decomposer between water pump and grinder and the bulk container, the upper end of bulk container is provided with stack, and the bulk container bottom is provided with scum pipe.
Be provided with for sealing between the grinder of described ore relay station, ore pulp pump and offshore platform.
The lower end of described scum pipe is provided with deaerator, and the steam vent of deaerator is connected with large volume by pipeline, and pipeline is provided with one way valve.
Be provided with one way valve between described grinder and the decomposer, grinder and decomposer are provided with one way valve, and one way valve is to prevent that gas from flowing backwards.
Be provided with pressure meter and open flow valve on the described bulk container.
Described stack is provided with compressor.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. the inventive method is simple, practical, need not the instrument of other costlinesses, complexity, can realize the exploitation of gas hydrates very easily.
2. the present invention fully decomposes the mixture of the gas hydrates that grind and sandstone by the temperature of utilizing seawater in bulk container, can recycling seawater, not only made full use of seawater resources, and also avoided to environment pollution.
3. the present invention can be connected isolated natural gas easily with user side, has directly realized commercial exploitation.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is a sea bed gas hydrate quarrying apparatus schematic diagram of the present invention.
Among the figure, 1. the seabed, 2. gas hydrates, 3. the seabed is from smelting mining vehicle, 4. flexible pipe, 5. ore relay station, 6. ore pulp pump, 7. sea, 8. pipeline, 9. water pump, 10. pipeline, 11. one way valves, 12. decomposers, 13. grinders, 14. one way valves, 15. air inlet ports, 16. gas outlets, 17. pressure meters, 18 bulk containers, 19. sandstones, 20. open flow valves, 21. compressors, 22. one way valves, 23. pipelines, 24. scum pipes, 25. deaerators, 26, slag-drip opening, 27. mining dredgers, 28 stacks.
The specific embodiment
Exploitation method for sea bed gas hydrate provided by the invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) gas hydrates with the surface, seabed are transported to the ore relay station;
(2) step by step gas hydrates are transported to the offshore production platform from the ore relay station with the ore pulp pump;
(3) send into bulk container after the gas hydrates that will be transported to the offshore production platform grind;
(4) in bulk container, add seawater, utilize the temperature of seawater that the mixture that grinds is fully decomposed in bulk container, natural gas, water and sandstone are separated;
(5) natural gas that separates is discharged until user side by the mouth of pipe that is located at bulk container top, the pipeline bottom bulk container enters the seabed with water and sandstone.
The structure of sea bed gas hydrate quarrying apparatus of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, the offshore mining part comprises that at least the seabed is from smelting mining vehicle 3, flexible pipe 4, ore relay station 5 and ore pulp pump 6, flexible pipe 4 is connected with ore relay station 5, ore relay station 5 is connected with an end of the grinder 13 of marine mining dredger 27 by ore pulp pump 6, and the other end of grinder 13 is connected with bulk container 18.Marine mining dredger 27 is provided with water pump 9, water pump 9 is connected with seawater by pipeline 8, water pump 9 is connected with bulk container 18 by pipeline 10, be provided with decomposer 12 between water pump 9 and grinder 13 and the bulk container 18, decomposer 12 is a double container, decomposer 12 upper ends are provided with air inlet port 15, and the lower end is provided with gas outlet 16, and the tail gas discharging pipe of motor is connected on air inlet port 15 and the extracting boat.Be provided with one way valve 11 between grinder 9 and the decomposer 12, grinder 13 is provided with one way valve 14 with decomposer 12.The upper end of bulk container 18 is provided with stack 28, and stack 28 is provided with compressor 21, and bulk container 18 bottoms are provided with scum pipe 24, is provided with deaerator 25 before the slag-drip opening 26 of scum pipe 24.The steam vent of deaerator 25 is connected with bulk container 18 by pipeline 23, and pipeline 23 is provided with one way valve 22.Bulk container 18 is provided with pressure meter 17 and open flow valve 20.One way valve is all in order to prevent that gas from flowing backwards.
Realize exploitation by following steps to sea bed gas hydrate:
(1) gas hydrates 2 with seabed 1 are transported to ore relay station 5 by undersea mining car 3 by flexible pipe 4.
(2) ore pulp pump 6 is transported to gas hydrates on the marine mining dredger 27 from ore relay station 5 step by step.
(3) gas hydrates that will be transported to marine mining dredger 27 are sent into eliminator 12 after grinder 13 grinds.
(4) water pump 9 is by pipeline 8 suction seawater, be injected in the eliminator 12 by the seawater of pipeline 10 then suction, because the temperature of seawater is basically about 20 ℃, with the temperature of seawater the gas hydrates that grind and the mixture of sandstone are fully decomposed in bulk container 18, natural gas, water and sandstone are separated.Simultaneously because decomposer 12 is a double container, the tail gas of motor on the extracting boat is input to the intermediate course of decomposer 12 from the air inlet port 15 by decomposer 12, add gas hydrates, sandstone decomposition that thermal decomposer 12 makes pulverizing, the tail gas that turns cold is got rid of from the gas outlet 16 of the lower end of container.
(5) natural gas and sandstone after the scouring force that utilizes seawater decomposes natural day hydrate are flushed in the bulk container 18, stack 28 outputs of the natural gas that separates by being located at the bulk container upper end, if extracting boat is closer from the user, can directly arrive user side to the natural gas transport after decomposing; If can not be delivered directly to user side, then can the gas compression of decomposing be transported in the high-pressure bottle by compressor 21.Water and sandstone 19 enter the seabed along the scum pipe 24 of the bottom of bulk container 18, be provided with deaerator 25 before the slag-drip opening 26 of scum pipe 24, deaerator 25 will be contained in sandstone fully to be separated with natural gas in the water, natural gas after the separation is carried back bulk container 28 by pipeline 23, avoid natural gas to enter seawater and enter atmospheric environment, atmospheric environment is impacted.
Pressure meter 17 on the bulk container 28 can be monitored the pressure of gas in the bulk container 18 constantly, according to the yield of pressure size control undersea mining in time car 3.If bulk container 18 internal pressures are excessive, discharge gas and igniting by open flow valve 20, thereby reduce the pressure in the bulk container 18, guarantee safety.
Claims (10)
1. exploitation method for sea bed gas hydrate is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) gas hydrates with the surface, seabed are transported to the ore relay station by flexible pipe;
(2) step by step gas hydrates are transported to marine mining dredger from the ore relay station with the ore pulp pump;
(3) send into bulk container after the gas hydrates that will be transported to marine mining dredger grind;
(4) in bulk container, add seawater, utilize the temperature of seawater that the mixture that grinds is fully decomposed in bulk container, natural gas, water and sandstone are separated;
(5) natural gas that separates is discharged until user side by the mouth of pipe that is located at bulk container top, the pipeline bottom bulk container enters the seabed with water and sandstone.
2. exploitation method for sea bed gas hydrate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step (2), gas hydrates are transported to the offshore production platform process from the ore relay station with sealing state.
3. exploitation method for sea bed gas hydrate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: pass through degassing processing before water and the sandstone pipeline bottom bulk container enters the seabed in step (5), the natural gas of getting rid of is failed got back in the bulk container.
4. device that is used for the described exploitation method for sea bed gas hydrate of claim 1, at least comprise the offshore mining part, marine mining dredger and separating part, it is characterized in that: the offshore mining part comprises that at least the seabed is from the smelting mining vehicle, flexible pipe, ore relay station and ore pulp pump, flexible pipe is connected with the ore relay station, the ore relay station is connected with an end of the grinder of marine mining dredger by the ore pulp pump, the other end of grinder is connected with bulk container, marine mining dredger is provided with water pump, water pump draws water to hold and is connected with seawater by pipeline, water pump water delivery end is connected with bulk container by pipeline, be provided with decomposer between water pump and grinder and the bulk container, the upper end of bulk container is provided with stack, and the bulk container bottom is provided with scum pipe.
5. sea bed gas hydrate quarrying apparatus according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the grinder of flexible pipe, ore relay station, ore pulp pump, offshore platform and bulk container are sealing system.
6. sea bed gas hydrate quarrying apparatus according to claim 4 is characterized in that: decomposer is a double container, and decomposer upper end is provided with air inlet port, and the lower end is provided with the gas outlet, and the tail gas discharging pipe of motor is connected on air inlet port and the extracting boat.
7. sea bed gas hydrate quarrying apparatus according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the lower end of scum pipe is provided with deaerator, and the steam vent of deaerator is connected with bulk container by pipeline, and pipeline is provided with one way valve.
8. sea bed gas hydrate quarrying apparatus according to claim 4 is characterized in that: bulk container is provided with pressure meter and open flow valve.
9. sea bed gas hydrate quarrying apparatus according to claim 4 is characterized in that: be provided with one way valve between grinder and the decomposer, grinder and decomposer are provided with one way valve.
10. sea bed gas hydrate quarrying apparatus according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: stack is provided with compressor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2007101687590A CN101182771A (en) | 2007-12-12 | 2007-12-12 | Seabed gas hydrate mining methods and device |
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| CNA2007101687590A CN101182771A (en) | 2007-12-12 | 2007-12-12 | Seabed gas hydrate mining methods and device |
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| CNA2007101687590A Pending CN101182771A (en) | 2007-12-12 | 2007-12-12 | Seabed gas hydrate mining methods and device |
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Cited By (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2010000289A1 (en) | 2008-07-02 | 2010-01-07 | Marine Resources Exploration International Bv | A method of mining and processing seabed sediment |
| WO2010092145A1 (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2010-08-19 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Method for converting hydrates buried in the waterbottom into a marketable hydrocarbon composition |
| CN101555797B (en) * | 2009-05-19 | 2011-08-03 | 四川大学 | Extraction device for undersea gas hydrate and extraction method thereof |
| CN102725477A (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2012-10-10 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | Determining methane content of a bottom sample |
| CN103321641A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-09-25 | 北京四达特商业有限责任公司 | Solid-state combustible ice exploitation method |
| CN103352676A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-10-16 | 赵颖寅 | Device and method for exploiting submarine combustible ice |
| CN103628844A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2014-03-12 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Method for green mining of natural gas hydrate of shallow non-diagenesis stratum of deep seabed |
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| CN103717835A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2014-04-09 | 诺蒂勒斯矿物太平洋有限公司 | Apparatus and method for seafloor stockpiling |
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| CN104948144A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-30 | 西南石油大学 | Method and device for utilizing ultrasonic waves to exploit seabed surface layer natural gas hydrate |
| CN105064959A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-18 | 西南石油大学 | Method for green extraction of seabed unstratlfied rock natural gas hydrate |
| CN105143564A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2015-12-09 | 诺蒂勒斯矿物新加坡有限公司 | A seafloor vertical hoisting system and method |
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| CN105587303A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-05-18 | 西南石油大学 | Green mining method and mining device for submarine shallow non-diagenetic natural gas hydrate |
| CN106522958A (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2017-03-22 | 中南大学 | Cutter exploitation method of seabed natural gas hydrates |
| CN106837339A (en) * | 2017-04-09 | 2017-06-13 | 杭州云蜂工业设计有限公司 | A kind of broken equipment of submarine surface combustible ice |
| CN106968674A (en) * | 2017-04-09 | 2017-07-21 | 杭州云蜂工业设计有限公司 | A kind of disintegrating apparatus of submarine surface gas hydrates |
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| CN108412466A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-08-17 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of sea bed gas hydrate quarrying apparatus and recovery method |
| WO2019162250A1 (en) | 2018-02-23 | 2019-08-29 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Method and system for processing a gas-hydrate containing slurry |
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| WO2010000289A1 (en) | 2008-07-02 | 2010-01-07 | Marine Resources Exploration International Bv | A method of mining and processing seabed sediment |
| EA019769B9 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2014-08-29 | Шелл Интернэшнл Рисерч Маатсхаппий Б.В. | Method for converting hydrates buried in the waterbottom into a marketable hydrocarbon composition |
| WO2010092145A1 (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2010-08-19 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Method for converting hydrates buried in the waterbottom into a marketable hydrocarbon composition |
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| CN102725477A (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2012-10-10 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | Determining methane content of a bottom sample |
| CN102725477B (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2015-09-02 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | For determining the method and system of the methane content of bottom sample |
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| CN103717835A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2014-04-09 | 诺蒂勒斯矿物太平洋有限公司 | Apparatus and method for seafloor stockpiling |
| CN105143564A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2015-12-09 | 诺蒂勒斯矿物新加坡有限公司 | A seafloor vertical hoisting system and method |
| CN103321641B (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-02-11 | 北京四达特商业有限责任公司 | Solid-state combustible ice exploitation method |
| CN103321641A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-09-25 | 北京四达特商业有限责任公司 | Solid-state combustible ice exploitation method |
| CN103352676B (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2015-09-16 | 赵光书 | The quarrying apparatus of a kind of seabed combustible ice and exploitation method |
| CN103352676A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-10-16 | 赵颖寅 | Device and method for exploiting submarine combustible ice |
| CN105378214A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2016-03-02 | Ihc荷兰Ie有限公司 | Riser flow control |
| CN103628880A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2014-03-12 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Green mining system of natural gas hydrate from non-lithified stratums of deep-sea seabed superficial layers |
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