CN105587303B - The lasting exploit method and quarrying apparatus of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow - Google Patents
The lasting exploit method and quarrying apparatus of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow Download PDFInfo
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- CN105587303B CN105587303B CN201610130105.8A CN201610130105A CN105587303B CN 105587303 B CN105587303 B CN 105587303B CN 201610130105 A CN201610130105 A CN 201610130105A CN 105587303 B CN105587303 B CN 105587303B
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- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the lasting exploit methods and quarrying apparatus of a kind of non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow, the lasting exploit method is not the following steps are included: in the case where changing sea bed gas hydrate surrounding formation temperature and pressure, and simultaneously second-time breakage obtains the mixture of gas hydrate particle and seawater to digging gas hydrates in the way of undersea mining；The mixture of gas hydrate particle and seawater is directly sealed under environment in seabed and thermally decomposes to yield natural gas, wherein the energy that gas expansion work done generates when thermally decomposing required energy from gas hydrates thermal decomposition；Natural gas transportation is post-processed to sea and obtains liquefied natural gas.The lasting exploit device includes digging fragmentation cell, the first delivery pipe, decomposition unit, gas delivering pipe, energy supply unit and sea supporter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of sea bed gas hydrate exploitation to be more particularly related to a kind of sea-bottom shallow
The lasting exploit method and quarrying apparatus of non-diagenesis gas hydrates.
Background technique
Gas hydrates are also known as combustible ice, are a kind of hydrocarbon gas by based on methane and water in certain temperature pressure
" cage compound " formed under the conditions of power, white crystal structure.Gas hydrates reserves are huge, are more than known carbonization stone
2 times of fuel summation are primarily present in land permafrost soil and ocean seabed, wherein the reserves of ocean sea bed gas hydrate
Considerably beyond the reserves in land permafrost soil region.
The country such as the U.S., Japan, Russia has carried out pilot production research to gas hydrates respectively, and main pilot production method has
The synthesis of heat injection method, voltage drop method, inhibitor method and several method.These recovery methods are thought without departing from traditional oil-gas mining
Road, and gas hydrates selected by pilot production have good cap rock, nonetheless, also only demonstrate the technology of Short-Term Producing
Feasibility, latency environment geological disaster caused by long-term exploitation still need further to be assessed.
The research of China's natural gas hydrate starts to walk evening, but develops comparatively fast, carries out seabed day twice at the South Sea at present
Right gas hydrate samples on the spot.From the point of view of sampling result twice, discovery China's sea bed gas hydrate and the other areas in the world
Most of gas hydrates are similar, have the characteristics that buried depth is shallow, weak cementing.For the non-diagenesis hydrate of this deep-sea shallow-layer,
There is scholar to propose the recovery method of " solid state fluidizing ", this method is in the case where not changing bottom-water temperature and pressure, directly
The mixture of gas hydrate particle and seawater is pumped to sea by closed conduit by digging gas hydrates solid,
It is then separated again, the processing such as decomposition gasification.Because this method does not change the temperature and pressure of sea bed gas hydrate, from
And avoid engineering geology caused by gas hydrate dissociation and environmental hazard.
Solid state fluidizing provides new approaches for the exploitation of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of deep-sea shallow-layer, however this method is also deposited
In various technical problems, the defeated non-equilibrium resolution problem of hydrate particle in a multi-phase flow condition in the process is especially managed, such as
The fruit problem not can effectively solve or avoid, and the application of solid state fluidizing recovery method will be restricted seriously.In addition, how sufficiently
The natural gas expansion work done generated using the pressure energy and decomposition of hydrate in seabed and a key technical problem.It visits
The energy-efficient lasting exploit mode of Suo Gengwei will realize that large scale mining must solve the problems, such as.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems in the existing technology, it can be energy saving the object of the present invention is to provide one kind and reduces
The lasting exploit method and quarrying apparatus of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of the sea-bottom shallow of natural gas extraction cost.
An aspect of of the present present invention provides a kind of lasting exploit method of non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow, described
Lasting exploit method the following steps are included:
A, in the case where not changing sea bed gas hydrate surrounding formation temperature and pressure, the side of undersea mining is utilized
Simultaneously second-time breakage obtains the mixture of gas hydrate particle and seawater to formula digging gas hydrates；
B, the mixture of the gas hydrate particle and seawater is directly sealed the heat under environment point in seabed
Solution obtains natural gas；
C, the natural gas transportation is post-processed to sea and obtains liquefied natural gas；
Wherein, required energy is thermally decomposed to make from the inside and outside differential pressure of natural gas expansion working and natural gas transportation pipeline
Function.
One embodiment of the lasting exploit method of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow according to the present invention, in step
In B, further include the steps that going out seawater and silt to sealed environment outlet while thermal decomposition；In step C, the post-processing
It is handled including purified treatment and liquefaction.
One embodiment of the lasting exploit method of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow according to the present invention, in step
In B, by the gas hydrates thermally decompose when gas expansion work done generate energy be converted into electric energy and be used for thermally decompose and
Digging and second-time breakage in step A.
One embodiment of the lasting exploit method of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow according to the present invention, in step
In B, the energy that required energy also derives from ocean surface hot sea water is thermally decomposed, wherein the ocean surface hot sea water is defeated
It send into the sealed environment in seabed and is used to thermally decompose by the energy of the ocean surface hot sea water.
Another aspect provides a kind of lasting exploit device of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow, institutes
Stating lasting exploit device includes digging fragmentation cell, the first delivery pipe, decomposition unit, gas delivering pipe, energy supply unit
With sea supporter, wherein
The digging fragmentation cell includes digging head and second-time breakage subelement, and the digging fragmentation cell is defeated by first
Pipe is sent to connect with decomposition unit；
The decomposition unit includes the electric heating subelement for sealing decomposition bin and being arranged in sealing decomposition bin, the decomposition
Unit is connect by gas delivering pipe with sea supporter；
The energy supply unit includes generator and the turbine that is arranged in the gas delivering pipe, the digging
Fragmentation cell and electric heating subelement are electrically connected with the energy supply unit；
The sea supporter includes the post-processing unit that sea is supported ship and is arranged on sea support ship.
One embodiment of the lasting exploit device of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow according to the present invention, it is described green
Color quarrying apparatus further includes auxiliary power supply unit, and the auxiliary power supply unit includes setting in sea support ship
On hot sea water pump and connect the hot sea water delivery pipe of hot sea water pump with sealing decomposition bin.
One embodiment of the lasting exploit device of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow according to the present invention, the heat
Seawater delivery pipe is nested in the gas delivering pipe.
One embodiment of the lasting exploit device of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow according to the present invention, it is described to adopt
Pick fragmentation cell is the self-propelled mining vehicle for being integrated with the digging head and second-time breakage subelement, and first delivery pipe is soft
It manages and is additionally provided with several floating balls on the hose.
One embodiment of the lasting exploit device of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow according to the present invention, described point
Solution unit further includes filtering subelement, the sea water pump for seawater to be discharged and the screw rod for silt to be discharged for separating seawater
Mortar pump.
One embodiment of the lasting exploit device of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow according to the present invention, after described
Processing unit includes natural gas purification subelement, LNG liquefaction subelement and outer defeated subelement.
Compared with prior art, the lasting exploit method of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow of the present invention and exploitation dress
The temperature and pressure that will not change seabed are set, makes recovery process safe and convenient, and decompose using underwater, avoids hydrate
Dynamic Decomposition technical problem of grain under the conditions of multiphase pipe is defeated；In addition, also efficiently using natural gas expansion work and seabed pressure
Power energy has saved the energy and has reduced gas extraction cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the lasting exploit of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
The schematic illustration of method.
Fig. 2 shows the non-diagenesis natural gases of sea-bottom shallow of the first embodiment according to an exemplary embodiment of the present
The structural schematic diagram of the lasting exploit device of hydrate.
Fig. 3 shows the non-diagenesis natural gas of sea-bottom shallow of second of embodiment according to an exemplary embodiment of the present
The structural schematic diagram of the lasting exploit device of hydrate.
Description of symbols:
I-digging fragmentation cell, II-decomposition unit, III-energy supply unit, IV-sea supporter, V-auxiliary energy
Measure feed unit；
1- digging head, 2- second-time breakage subelement, 3- floating ball, the first delivery pipe of 4-, 5- filtering subelement, 6- electric heating
Unit, 7- aided filter net, 8- generator, 9- turbine, 10- sea water pump, 11- seal decomposition bin, 12- screw rod mortar pump, 13-
Gas delivering pipe, 14- hot sea water delivery pipe, 15- hot sea water pump, the sea 16- support ship, 17- natural gas purification subelement,
Defeated subelement outside 18-LNG liquefaction subelement, 19-.
Specific embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification or disclosed all methods or in the process the step of, in addition to mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step other than, can combine in any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, abstract and attached drawing), except non-specifically chatting
It states, can be replaced by other alternative features that are equivalent or have similar purpose.That is, unless specifically stated, each feature is only
It is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics.
The principle of the lasting exploit method to the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow of the present invention is carried out below detailed
Explanation.Lasting exploit method of the invention on the one hand in such a way that the gas hydrates of digging are decomposed under water,
Avoid dynamic Decomposition problem of hydrate particle under the conditions of multiphase pipe is defeated；Meanwhile effectively utilizing natural gas expansion work
And subsea pressure energy, it has saved the energy and has reduced gas extraction cost.
Fig. 1 shows the lasting exploit of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
The schematic illustration of method.As shown in Figure 1, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the non-diagenesis natural gas of sea-bottom shallow
The lasting exploit method of hydrate includes following multiple steps.
Step A:
In the case where not changing sea bed gas hydrate surrounding formation temperature and pressure, in the way of undersea mining
Simultaneously second-time breakage obtains the mixture of gas hydrate particle and seawater to digging gas hydrates.This step is in fact day
The pre-treatment step of right gas hydrate, includes the steps that mechanical digging gas hydrates solid and second-time breakage obtain natural gas
The step of hydrate particle.In the present invention, described " the case where not changing natural gas hydrate stratum ambient temperature and pressure "
It is for conventional aqueous object recovery method, traditional recovery method is by artificially to natural gas hydrate stratum
After the methods of heat injection, reduction strata pressure, injection chemical reagent make gas hydrates resolve into natural gas and water in the earth formation
It is acquired again, recovery method used in the present invention is solid-state mining method and people is not required actively to change gas water for ground
The temperature, pressure on object preservation stratum is closed to achieve the purpose that gas hydrates decomposition in situ namely of the present invention not change
Natural gas hydrate stratum ambient temperature and pressure, which refer to, does not go actively to change the temperature and pressure around natural gas hydrate stratum
Power.
Step B:
By the mixture of the obtained gas hydrate particle of step A and seawater directly in the case where seabed is sealed environment
Thermally decompose to yield natural gas, wherein thermally decompose gas expansion work done when required energy includes gas hydrates thermal decomposition and produce
Raw energy.This step directly carries out thermal decomposition to gas hydrate particle and separates with seawater, to directly obtain day
Right gas.Wherein, further include the steps that going out seawater and silt to sealed environment outlet while thermal decomposition.
Simultaneously as the natural gas of conveying can expand, while convey the pipe of natural gas after thermally decomposing to yield natural gas
There can be biggish pressure difference in road, the energy of the inside and outside differential pressure work done of natural gas expansion working and gas delivering pipe can add
With utilization (such as being converted into electric energy), so the present invention creatively directly utilizes this portion of energy in seabed for gas water
The thermal decomposition of object is closed, while can be used for the digging and second-time breakage of gas hydrates, effectively saved the energy and reducing
Cost.
It is highly preferred that can also be simultaneously using the energy from ocean surface hot sea water come the hydration of assistant reinforcement natural gas
The thermal decomposition of object.Specifically, ocean surface hot sea water can be delivered in the sealed environment in seabed and ocean surface is warm
The energy of seawater is for thermally decomposing.
Step C:
The natural gas transportation that step B is decomposed is post-processed to sea and obtains liquefied natural gas.Wherein, rear place
Reason may include the conventional processing step such as purified treatment and liquefaction processing, and natural gas storage to be liquefied is outer to a certain amount of rear progress
It is defeated.
The lasting exploit device of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow of the invention is described further below.This
The lasting exploit method of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of the sea-bottom shallow of invention preferably directlys adopt the lasting exploit device
It realizes, however, the present invention is not limited thereto.
Fig. 2 shows the non-diagenesis natural gases of sea-bottom shallow of the first embodiment according to an exemplary embodiment of the present
The structural schematic diagram of the lasting exploit device of hydrate, Fig. 3 show second of implementation according to an exemplary embodiment of the present
The structural schematic diagram of the lasting exploit device of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of the sea-bottom shallow of mode.
It is mainly illustrated below with the first embodiment.As shown in Fig. 2, exemplary implementation according to the present invention
Example, the lasting exploit device of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow include digging fragmentation cell I, the first delivery pipe 4,
Decomposition unit II, gas delivering pipe 13, energy supply unit III and sea supporter IV.
Digging fragmentation cell I is used to carry out the digging and second-time breakage of gas hydrates, thus not changing seabed day
The mixture of gas hydrate particle and seawater is obtained in the case where right gas hydrate surrounding formation temperature and pressure.According to this
Invention, digging fragmentation cell I include digging head 1 and second-time breakage subelement 2, digging fragmentation cell I by the first delivery pipe 4 with
Decomposition unit II connects.Preferably, digging fragmentation cell I is to be integrated with digging head 1 and the self-propelled of second-time breakage subelement 2 is adopted
Thus mine car can be led to after digging hydrate by second-time breakage immediately immediately after digging to gas hydrates
It crosses secondary crushing device and carries out particle refinement, it is easier to which the mixture of gas hydrate particle and seawater is in the first delivery pipe 4
Middle flowing, and particle heat transfer area can also be increased, it is allowed to more efficiently be decomposed in sealing decomposition bin.According to this
The preferred embodiment of invention, the first delivery pipe 4 are to be additionally provided with several floating balls 3 on hose and hose, with reduce hose with
The friction on seabed surface simultaneously reduces abrasion.
Decomposition unit II is used to carry out the separation of gas hydrates and thermal decomposition and obtains natural gas.According to the present invention,
Decomposition unit II includes sealing decomposition bin 11 and the electric heating subelement 6 sealed in decomposition bin 11 is arranged in, and seals decomposition bin 11
The environment of opposing seal is provided for thermal decomposition, electric heating subelement 6 provides heat for thermal decomposition, to realize gas hydrates
Thermal decomposition.Decomposition unit II is connect by gas delivering pipe 13 with sea supporter IV.Preferably, decomposition unit II is gone back
Including filtering subelement 5, the sea water pump 10 for seawater to be discharged and the screw rod mortar for silt to be discharged for separating seawater
Pump 12.Wherein, filtering subelement 5 may separate out a part of seawater, thus the energy consumption during reducing subsequent heat, filtering
Subelement 5 can be strainer.In addition, aided filter net also can be set between sealing decomposition bin 11 and gas delivering pipe 13
7, to be further ensured that the cleannes of the natural gas transferred out.
The energy that energy supply unit III is generated using natural gas expansion working and gas delivering pipe inside and outside differential pressure work done
And it is converted into electric energy, to directly carry out the thermal decomposition of gas hydrates and the driving of digging fragmentation cell I using electric energy.Root
According to the present invention, energy supply unit III includes generator 8 and the turbine 9 being arranged in gas delivering pipe 13, and digging is broken
Unit I and electric heating subelement 6 are electrically connected with energy supply unit III.Specifically, digging fragmentation cell I and electric heating subelement
6 power is provided by generator 8, and generator 8 is driven by the turbine 9 in gas delivering pipe 13, and the power of turbine 9 is by day
The natural gas flowed in right letter shoot 13 provides, and is thus sufficiently used the available energy.
Second of embodiment according to the present invention, the lasting exploit device further include auxiliary power supply unit V.
Specifically as shown in figure 3, auxiliary power supply unit V includes that sea is arranged in support the hot sea water on ship 16 to pump 15 and connect heat
Sea water pump 15 and sealing decomposition bin 11 hot sea water delivery pipe 14, as a result, hot sea water can by hot sea water delivery pipe 14 and by
Hot sea water pump 15 is delivered in sealing decomposition bin 11, so that auxiliary electrical heater subelement 6 carries out the thermal decomposition of gas hydrates,
Hot sea water can pass through sea water pump 10 and the discharge sealing decomposition bin 11 of screw rod mortar pump 12 after temperature reduction.Preferably, heat sea
Water delivery pipe 14 is nested in gas delivering pipe 13, thus can realize that hot sea water heat preservation prevents gas water with heated natural gas
Close the double benefit that object generates again.Wherein, hot sea water of the present invention, which refers to, is located at extra large surface and temperature higher than sea
The seawater of bottom ocean temperature.
Sea supporter IV carries out relevant processing to the natural gas that seabed conveying comes on sea.According to the present invention, extra large
Face supporter IV includes the post-processing unit that sea is supported ship 16 and is arranged on sea support ship 16.Preferably, it post-processes
Unit may include natural gas purification subelement 17, LNG liquefaction subelement 18 and outer defeated subelement 19, thus to sea is delivered to
Natural gas carry out the conventional treatments such as purified treatment, liquefaction processing, and it is outer defeated to carrying out after a certain amount of in liquefied natural gas storage.
The working principle of the lasting exploit device of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow of the invention can be retouched specifically
It states are as follows: for the gas hydrates of the non-diagenesis of sea-bottom shallow, do not changing natural gas hydrate stratum ambient temperature and pressure
In the case where, Mechanical Crushing directly is carried out to gas hydrates using mining machinery, due to influencing gas hydrates phase
Stable temperature, pressure condition does not change, it can be ensured that broken hydrate is not decomposed, it is broken natural
Gas hydrate is still solid granulates, will can change again the temperature of particulate matter after powder collection to closed decomposition bin in this way, from
And solid natural gas can be changed into gaseous state.It can rise in the gas in pipelines of sealing, and since subsea pressure is higher,
And pressure is smaller in natural-gas transfer pipeline, so pipe is inside and outside to be in under-balanced state, to generate biggish pressure difference；Furthermore
The natural gas that gas hydrate dissociation goes out will expand rapidly and generate expansion work, to drive the whirlpool in natural-gas transfer pipeline
Turbine simultaneously drives electrical power generators in turn, and by carrying out heat exchange with the hot sea water of introducing, thus by sealing decomposition bin
Gas hydrates are all decomposed, are conveyed and collect, and achieve the purpose that natural gas extraction.The power of electric heating subelement passes through hair
Motor provides, and 8 power of generator passes through the turbine that is attached thereto and provides, the power of turbine by natural gas expansion work and
The acting of gas delivering pipe inside and outside differential pressure provides, and has effectively achieved in this way and gathers materials on the spot and utilize vertical gas delivering pipe
Middle gas hydrate dissociation is gas and expansion work and pipeline inside and outside differential pressure as power source, to reduce other forms
The consumption of the energy, and reduce pollution.Gas water in the digging step of gas hydrates, after digging head is broken
The particle micronization processes of second-time breakage subelement will be passed through by closing object also, not only be more advantageous to solid particle in this way in the drive of seawater
It is smoothly flowed in the first delivery pipe down, particle heat transfer area can also be increased, be allowed to more be increased in sealing decomposition bin
The decomposition of effect.Gas hydrate particle after second-time breakage is transferred in sealing decomposition bin by the first delivery pipe, this
When need to using filtering subelement first filter out the seawater of part, thus the thermal energy for being reduced to heated natural gas hydrate and expending.
Seal there are two the heating paths in decomposition bin: one is being heated by electric heating subelement, power is mentioned by generator
For the power of generator is provided by the turbine being attached thereto, and the power of turbine is driven by natural gas flow；The second is passing through
The hot sea water for injecting extra large surface is heated, and hot sea water is promoted to sea by sea water pump first and is supported in ship, is carrying out one
It is injected in the sealing decomposition bin in seabed by hot sea water delivery pipe again after fixed processing and provides heat for the decomposition of gas hydrates
Amount.Hot sea water delivery pipe is nested in gas delivering pipe, seawater heat loss not only can be effectively prevented, but also can be reduced natural gas
Heat dissipation, thus reduce natural gas during transportation it is secondary generate hydrate risk.Support ship in natural gas transportation to sea
It is handled, be prepared into liquefied natural gas later and stored according to conventional gas processing method afterwards, to be stored in certain
It is transported through after amount by cargo ship.
In conclusion the lasting exploit method and quarrying apparatus of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow of the present invention will not
The temperature and pressure for changing seabed are made recovery process safe and convenient, and are decomposed using underwater, avoid hydrate particle more
Mutually manage it is defeated under the conditions of dynamic Decomposition technical problem；In addition, natural gas expansion work and subsea pressure energy are also efficiently used, section
About the energy and reduce gas extraction cost.
The invention is not limited to specific embodiments above-mentioned.The present invention, which expands to, any in the present specification to be disclosed
New feature or any new combination, and disclose any new method or process the step of or any new combination.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of lasting exploit method of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow, which is characterized in that the lasting exploit side
Method the following steps are included:
A, it in the case where not changing sea bed gas hydrate surrounding formation temperature and pressure, is adopted in the way of undersea mining
Simultaneously second-time breakage obtains the mixture of gas hydrate particle and seawater to pick gas hydrates；
B, the mixture of the gas hydrate particle and seawater is directly sealed thermally decomposing under environment in seabed
To natural gas；
C, the natural gas transportation is post-processed to sea and obtains liquefied natural gas；
Wherein, the inside and outside differential pressure work done that required energy derives from natural gas expansion working and natural gas transportation pipeline is thermally decomposed,
Seal there are two the heating paths in decomposition bin: one is being heated by electric heating subelement, power is mentioned by generator
For the power of generator is provided by the turbine being attached thereto, and the power of turbine is driven by natural gas flow；The second is passing through
The hot sea water for injecting extra large surface is heated, and is injected in the sealing decomposition bin in seabed by hot sea water delivery pipe and is hydrated for natural gas
The decomposition of object provides heat, and hot sea water delivery pipe is nested in gas delivering pipe, has not only effectively prevent seawater heat loss, but also subtract
The heat dissipation of few natural gas, to reduce the natural gas secondary risk for generating hydrate during transportation；In stepb, it also wraps
Include the step of going out seawater and silt to sealed environment outlet while thermal decomposition；Gas hydrates after second-time breakage
Particle is transferred in sealing decomposition bin by the first delivery pipe, the seawater of part is first filtered out using filtering subelement, to subtract
The thermal energy expended less for heated natural gas hydrate；By carrying out heat exchange with the hot sea water of introducing, so that sealing be decomposed
Gas hydrates in storehouse are all decomposed, are conveyed and collect；In step C, the post-processing includes purified treatment and liquefaction
Processing.
2. the lasting exploit method of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In stepb, the energy that gas expansion work done generates when the gas hydrates being thermally decomposed is converted into electric energy and is used for heat
It decomposes and the digging and second-time breakage in step A.
3. the lasting exploit method of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In in stepb, thermally decomposing the energy that required energy also derives from ocean surface hot sea water, wherein by the ocean surface
Hot sea water is delivered in the sealed environment in seabed and is used to thermally decompose by the energy of the ocean surface hot sea water.
4. a kind of seabed for the lasting exploit method for applying the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow as described in claim 1
The lasting exploit device of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of shallow-layer, which is characterized in that the lasting exploit device includes that digging is broken
Unit, the first delivery pipe, decomposition unit, gas delivering pipe, energy supply unit and sea supporter, wherein
The digging fragmentation cell includes digging head and second-time breakage subelement, and the digging fragmentation cell passes through the first delivery pipe
It is connect with decomposition unit；
The decomposition unit includes the electric heating subelement for sealing decomposition bin and being arranged in sealing decomposition bin, the decomposition unit
It is connect by gas delivering pipe with sea supporter；
The energy supply unit includes generator and the turbine that is arranged in the gas delivering pipe, and the digging is broken
Unit and electric heating subelement are electrically connected with the energy supply unit；
The sea supporter includes the post-processing unit that sea is supported ship and is arranged on sea support ship.
5. the lasting exploit device of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
The lasting exploit device further includes auxiliary power supply unit, and the auxiliary power supply unit includes being arranged on the sea
It supports the hot sea water pump on ship and connects the hot sea water delivery pipe of the hot sea water pump and sealing decomposition bin.
6. the lasting exploit device of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
The hot sea water delivery pipe is nested in the gas delivering pipe.
7. the lasting exploit device of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
The digging fragmentation cell is the self-propelled mining vehicle for being integrated with the digging head and second-time breakage subelement, first conveying
Pipe is to be additionally provided with several floating balls on hose and the hose.
8. the lasting exploit device of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
The decomposition unit further includes for separating the filtering subelement of seawater, the sea water pump for seawater to be discharged and for silt to be discharged
Screw rod mortar pump.
9. the lasting exploit device of the non-diagenesis gas hydrates of sea-bottom shallow according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
The post-processing unit includes natural gas purification subelement, LNG liquefaction subelement and outer defeated subelement.
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