CN101173079B - Xylem filber-polyvinyl chloride composite material and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Xylem filber-polyvinyl chloride composite material and method for producing the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101173079B CN101173079B CN2007101444692A CN200710144469A CN101173079B CN 101173079 B CN101173079 B CN 101173079B CN 2007101444692 A CN2007101444692 A CN 2007101444692A CN 200710144469 A CN200710144469 A CN 200710144469A CN 101173079 B CN101173079 B CN 101173079B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92704—Temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
- B29C2948/92895—Barrel or housing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/92904—Die; Nozzle zone
Abstract
The invention relates to a wood fiber-PVC composite material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the composite material and the preparation method and solves the problem that: the wood fiber-PVC composite material has high combustibility and can produce a plurality of black smoke and noxious gas when in burning. The wood fiber-PVC composite material is mainly formed by weight part as follow: 100 to 600 parts of PVC resin, 30 to 700 parts of wood fiber material, 3 to 145 parts of expansion flame retardant, 1 to 55 parts of copper oxide, 6 to 75 parts of heat stabilizer, 4 to 60 parts of plasticizer and 4 to 65 parts of compatibilizer. The preparation method is as follows: firstly, the material is mixed in advance; secondly, the material is squeezed out for shaping. The wood fiber-PVC composite material of the invention is tested according to the GB/T8924-2005 standard; the wood fiber-PVC composite material of the invention has an oxygen index bigger than 35 percent, has long ignition time and does not produce drop melting, and belongs to nonflammable material. The preparation method for the wood fiber-PVC composite material of the invention is simple and easy for operation, has low requirement to devices and is convenient for spreading and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of matrix material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials is to add lignocellulosic material such as a large amount of xylons, wood powder, bamboo powder, straw powder and a kind of advanced composite material (being called for short the PVC base wood-plastic composite material) of forming in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin, has good processing properties, mechanical property, price advantage and excellent woodiness touch.The PVC base wood-plastic composite material can use by replacing wood in fields such as packing, load-bearing because density is low, mechanical strength is higher than timber; What prepare in addition that raw material mainly uses is forestry and agricultural wastes, so be a kind of economic environment-friendly materials, in fields such as building, decoration, furniture very big application potential is arranged.
Though polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin itself belongs to flame retardant material, owing to contain a large amount of inflammableness lignocellulosic materials in the PVC base wood-plastic composite material, so its combustibility is apparently higher than polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS; And a large amount of black smokes and the toxic gas that can produce during PVC base wood-plastic composite material burning (polyvinyl chloride burning), both hindered putting out a fire to save life and property of fire also human body to be caused very big harm.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials flammable highly, can produce a large amount of black smokes during burning and the problem of human body toxic gas, and a kind of wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials that provides and preparation method thereof.
Wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials is mainly made by 100～600 parts of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS, 30～700 parts of lignocellulosic materials, 3～145 parts of expansion type flame retardants, 1～55 part of cupric oxide, 6～75 parts of thermo-stabilizers, 4～60 parts of softening agent and 4～65 parts of expanding materials by ratio of weight and the number of copies; Wherein expansion type flame retardant is made up of by 3: 8: 6 mass ratio tetramethylolmethane, ammonium polyphosphate and trimeric cyanamide, and the polymerization degree of ammonium polyphosphate is 1500～4000.
Above-mentioned wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials prepares according to the following steps: one, by ratio of weight and the number of copies with 100～600 parts of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS, 6～75 parts of thermo-stabilizers, 4～60 parts of softening agent, 3～145 parts of expansion type flame retardants, 1～55 part of cupric oxide and 4～65 parts of expanding materials add in the high-speed mixer, in temperature high-speed mixing 5～10min under 90～110 ℃ the condition, and then add 30～700 parts of lignocellulosic materials, being stirred to the lignocellulosic material water ratio under 90～110 ℃ condition is 2% ± 0.5%, change over to afterwards and be stirred to the mixture temperature in the low speed cold mixer and be reduced to 45 ± 1 ℃, promptly obtain Preblend; Two, Preblend is extruded unit or conical double screw extruder extrusion moulding with the two rank of single screw rod-parallel double-screw, and the screw extruder barrel Heating temperature is 135～175 ℃, and die temperature is 160～180 ℃, promptly obtains wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials; Expansion type flame retardant is made up of by 3: 8: 6 mass ratio tetramethylolmethane, ammonium polyphosphate and trimeric cyanamide in the step 1, and the polymerization degree of ammonium polyphosphate is 1500～4000.
In wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials of the present invention, at the different characteristics design anti-flaming smoke-inhibiting agent of main ingredient wood fibre and polyvinyl chloride.Wood fibre and expansion type flame retardant have the charcoal effect of coordinating of condensing; Cupric oxide has the effect that promotes PVC pyrolysis initial stage dehydrochlorination, can obviously increase the neat coal amout of wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials, reduces the growing amount of aromatics in the pyrolysis product, suppresses the generation of black smoke and obnoxious flavour.Interact between expansion type flame retardant and cupric oxide, wood powder, the PVC in wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials of the present invention, improved the burning degree of volatile combustible gases, reduced the growing amount and the toxicity of cigarette.
The synergy of expansion type flame retardant and cupric oxide in wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials of the present invention makes polyvinyl chloride and lignocellulosic material all have significantly fire-retardant and but cigarette effect.
Wood fibre of the present invention-polyvinyl chloride composite materials does not produce tangible black smoke when burning, and cigarette output obviously reduces, and illustrates that wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials of the present invention has good flame, and the smoke suppressing excellence.Composition consumption in wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials of the present invention except that wood fibre and polyvinyl chloride is few, therefore wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials mechanical property is good, and does not contain halogenated flame retardant, lead salt etc. to environment and the deleterious additive of health of people.
According to the flame retardant resistance of GB/T8924-2005 standard testing wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials of the present invention, the oxygen index of wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials of the present invention is all greater than 35%, and burning time is long, do not melt and drip, and belongs to a difficult combustion level material.
Utilize tapered calorimeter, adopt the ISO5660-1 standard that the parameter in the combustion processes is measured, experimental result shows, wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials of the present invention is compared without PVC base wood-plastic composite material fire-retardant, that press down the cigarette processing with common, total heat release rate has reduced more than 27.0% in the combustion processes, and smoke-producing amount has reduced more than 41.7%; Wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials of the present invention mass loss rate in combustion processes obviously reduces, and the resistates quality has improved 10 percentage points at least greater than 28%, and the system neat coal amout obviously increases, and thermal destruction speed has effectively slowed down.Prove that the fire-retardant and smoke suppressing of wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials of the present invention significantly improves.
The preparation method of wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials of the present invention is simple, easy handling, and is low for equipment requirements, easy to utilize.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: present embodiment wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials is made by 100～600 parts of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS, 30～700 parts of lignocellulosic materials, 3～145 parts of expansion type flame retardants, 1～55 part of cupric oxide, 6～75 parts of thermo-stabilizers, 4～60 parts of softening agent and 4～65 parts of expanding materials by ratio of weight and the number of copies; Wherein expansion type flame retardant is made up of by 3: 8: 6 mass ratio tetramethylolmethane, ammonium polyphosphate and trimeric cyanamide, and the polymerization degree of ammonium polyphosphate is 1500～4000.
Lignocellulosic material mainly is made up of poly-hydroxy Mierocrystalline cellulose and hemicellulose and xylogen with crosslinking structure in the present embodiment, under the acid catalysis condition, be easy to the pyrolysis carbonization, thereby wood fibre itself also can be used as the auxiliary char-forming agent of expansion type flame retardant, the flame retardant effect of raising expandable flame retardant system.Expansion type flame retardant not only has very high fire-retardant effectiveness in the present embodiment, and environmental friendliness; The adding of cupric oxide obviously promotes the polyvinyl chloride initial stage to take off the speed of HCl in the present embodiment, promote to be cross-linked into charcoal, increase neat coal amout, the ratio of fatty compounds in the thermo-cracking gas phase product is obviously increased, and easily cause the ratio of the aromatics of cigarette generation obviously to reduce, it is more abundant to burn, and flue dust productive rate and toxicity obviously reduce, and show smoke suppressing.Expansion type flame retardant mixes with cupric oxide to be applied to and not only gives material flame retardant resistance preferably in wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials in the present embodiment, and smoke-suppressing be improved significantly.Because the addition of expansion type flame retardant and cupric oxide is low, and the mechanical property of matrix material is not had tangible disadvantageous effect.In the present embodiment expansion type flame retardant and cupric oxide composite constituted have high-efficiency compound fire-proof fire-retardant and that press down the cigarette double effects and press down smoke system.
Embodiment two: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials also comprises 0.5～15 part of lubricant, 6～195 parts of impact modifiers, 0.2～6 part of tinting material and/or 0.2～13 part of oxidation inhibitor by ratio of weight and the number of copies.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment two is: lubricant is stearic acid, calcium stearate, Zinic stearas, paraffin, polyethylene wax or clorafin.Other is identical with embodiment two.
Embodiment four: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment two is: impact modifier is chlorinatedpolyethylene (CPE), vinyl acetate, MBS (MBS) or polyacrylic ester (ACR).Other is identical with embodiment two.
Embodiment five: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment two is: tinting material is titanium dioxide, carbon black, iron oxide red, the green or phthalocyanine blue of the phthalein mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo.Other is identical with embodiment two.
Embodiment six: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment two is: oxidation inhibitor is 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methy phenol, 2,2 '-one or more combination in the methylene radical-two 4-methyl-6-tert butyl phenol, three (2, the 4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) phosphorous acid esters (oxidation inhibitor 168).Other is identical with embodiment two.
Oxidation inhibitor in the present embodiment can concern for arbitrary proportion between each component if be made up of two or more material.
Embodiment seven: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: lignocellulosic material is fibrous or powdery.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment eight: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: lignocellulosic material is one or more the mixture in straw powder, bamboo powder, wood powder, xylon, bamboo fibers, stalk fibre, the flax fiber.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Lignocellulosic material in the present embodiment can concern for arbitrary proportion between each component if be made up of two or more material.
Embodiment nine: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: thermo-stabilizer is compound rare-earth thermo-stabilizer KB-7 or organo-tin het stabilizer.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Compound rare-earth thermo-stabilizer KB-7 in the present embodiment is available from Nanjing Hui En company limited.
Embodiment ten: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment nine is: organo-tin het stabilizer is dibutyl tin laurate (DBTL), Bis(lauroyloxy)dioctyltin, toxilic acid dialkyl tin, two (butyl maleate) dibutyl tin, toxilic acid dioctyltin, dioctyltin two (Thiovanic acid isobutyl ester) or dioctyltin two (isooctyl mercaptoacetate).Other is identical with embodiment nine.
Embodiment 11: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: softening agent is dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and/or dibutyl phthalate.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Softening agent can concern for arbitrary proportion between dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and dibutyl phthalate if be made up of dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and dibutyl phthalate.
Embodiment 12: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: expanding material is maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, butyl (tetra) titanate, isocyanic ester, silane coupling agent hexamethyldisiloxane, vinyl three (methoxy ethoxy) silane, vinyltrimethoxy silane or aminopropyl triethoxysilane.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment 13: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials is made by 150～550 parts of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS, 50～650 parts of lignocellulosic materials, 5～140 parts of expansion type flame retardants, 3～50 parts of cupric oxide, 8～70 parts of thermo-stabilizers, 5～55 parts of softening agent and 5～60 parts of expanding materials by ratio of weight and the number of copies.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment 14: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials is made by 200～500 parts of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS, 100～600 parts of lignocellulosic materials, 10～120 parts of expansion type flame retardants, 5～40 parts of cupric oxide, 10～60 parts of thermo-stabilizers, 10～50 parts of softening agent and 10～50 parts of expanding materials by ratio of weight and the number of copies.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment 15: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials is made by 300～400 parts of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS, 200～500 parts of lignocellulosic materials, 40～100 parts of expansion type flame retardants, 10～30 parts of cupric oxide, 20～50 parts of thermo-stabilizers, 20～40 parts of softening agent and 20～40 parts of expanding materials by ratio of weight and the number of copies.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment 16: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials is made by 350 parts of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS, 300～400 parts of lignocellulosic materials, 60～80 parts of expansion type flame retardants, 20 parts of cupric oxide, 30～40 parts of thermo-stabilizers, 30 parts of softening agent and 30 parts of expanding materials by ratio of weight and the number of copies.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment 17: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: the polymerization degree of ammonium polyphosphate is 2000～4000.Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment 18: present embodiment wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials prepares according to the following steps: one, by ratio of weight and the number of copies with 100～600 parts of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS, 6～75 parts of thermo-stabilizers, 4～60 parts of softening agent, 3～145 parts of expansion type flame retardants, 1～55 part of cupric oxide and 4～65 parts of expanding materials add in the high-speed mixer, in temperature high-speed mixing 5～10min under 90～110 ℃ the condition, and then adding 30～700 parts of lignocellulosic materials, to be stirred to the lignocellulosic material water ratio under 90～110 ℃ condition be 2% ± 0.5%, change over to afterwards and be stirred to the mixture temperature in the low speed cold mixer and be reduced to 45 ± 1 ℃, promptly obtain Preblend; Two, Preblend is extruded unit or conical double screw extruder extrusion moulding with the two rank of single screw rod-parallel double-screw, and the screw extruder barrel Heating temperature is 135～175 ℃, and die temperature is 160～180 ℃, promptly obtains wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials; Expansion type flame retardant is made up of by 3: 8: 6 mass ratio tetramethylolmethane, ammonium polyphosphate and trimeric cyanamide in the step 1, and the polymerization degree of ammonium polyphosphate is 1500～4000.
Embodiment 19: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment 18 is: step 1 high speed blended rotating speed is 700r/min.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment 18.
Embodiment 20: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment 18 is: in the step 1 under 100 ℃ condition high-temperature stirring to lignocellulosic material water ratio be 2%.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment 18.
Embodiment 21: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment 18 is: the screw extruder barrel Heating temperature is 140～170 ℃ in the step 2, and die temperature is 165～175 ℃.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment 18.
Embodiment 22: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment 18 is: the screw extruder barrel Heating temperature is 150～160 ℃ in the step 2, and die temperature is 170 ℃.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment 18.
Embodiment 23: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment 18 is: in the step 1 0.5～15 part of lubricant, 6～195 parts of impact modifiers, 0.2～6 part of tinting material and/or 0.2～13 part of oxidation inhibitor and expanding material are together added high-speed mixer.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment 18.
Embodiment 24: present embodiment wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials prepares according to the following steps: one, by ratio of weight and the number of copies with 280 parts of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS (SG-5 type), 17 parts of compound rare-earth thermo-stabilizer KB-7 (thermo-stabilizer), 8 parts of dioctyl phthalate (DOP)s (softening agent), 15 parts of expansion type flame retardants, 15 parts of cupric oxide and 10 parts of maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylenes (expanding material) add in the high-speed mixer, in temperature high-speed mixing 5～10min under 90～110 ℃ the condition, and then adding 150 parts of quick growth poplar wood fiber powder, to be stirred to quick growth poplar wood fiber powder water ratio under 90～110 ℃ condition be 2%, change over to afterwards and be stirred to the mixture temperature in the low speed cold mixer and be reduced to 45 ℃, promptly obtain Preblend; Two, adopt the two rank of single screw rod-parallel double-screw to extrude the unit extrusion moulding, the screw extruder barrel Heating temperature is 135～175 ℃, and die temperature is 160～180 ℃, promptly obtains wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials; Expansion type flame retardant is made up of by 3: 8: 6 mass ratio tetramethylolmethane, ammonium polyphosphate and trimeric cyanamide in the step 1, and the polymerization degree of ammonium polyphosphate is 1500, heat decomposition temperature is 290 ℃; In the step 1 0.8 part of stearic acid (lubricant) and expanding material are together added high-speed mixer.
The living aspen fibers by using silicon powder of present embodiment step 1 middling speed is dried to water ratio in advance and is lower than 5%, quick growth poplar wood fiber powder sieving rate is median size 5～25 μ m that 50% speed per hour is given birth to the aspen fibers by using silicon powder, and quick growth poplar wood fiber powder sieving rate is median size 10～43 μ m that 98% speed per hour is given birth to the aspen fibers by using silicon powder.Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) in the present embodiment step 1 (DOP) is a technical grade, and the tetramethylolmethane in the step 1, trimeric cyanamide, compound rare-earth thermo-stabilizer KB-7, stearic acid, maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene (MAPP) are technical grade.
Present embodiment is used Britain FTT standard type taper calorimeter (CONE); Unit is extruded on the two rank of the single screw rod-parallel double-screw of SJSH30/SJ45; SY01 single radial cut experiment hot press; DHG-9625A type electric heating constant temperature air dry oven; The SHR-A high-speed mixer; YZ-12 dumbbell shape sampling machine.
The contrast experiment 1
The contrast experiment is divided into four groups (present embodiment is the 4th group), and it is as shown in table 1 that each organizes the component of wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials, and other unlisted content is identical.Four groups of wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials sectional dimensions are the sheet material of wide 40mm and thick 4mm, and the sheet material of extruding is processed into standard specimen, carry out oxygen index test and taper calorimeter test (hot-fluid 50kW/m
2), with its fire-retardant and smoke suppressing of system evaluation, the results are shown in Table 2.
In the oxygen index test sheet material of extruding is directly cut into the geomery that testing method requires; With the horizontal parallel splicing of sheet material and on thermocompressor, be pressed into the thin plate of thickness 4.0mm, cut into the sample that is of a size of 100mm * 100mm then and be used for the CONE test in the combustionproperty test.The oxygen index test is according to the GB/T8924-2005 standard; The flame retardant properties test is according to the ISO5660-1 standard.
Table 1
| Group | Polyvinyl chloride | Wood powder | The compound rare-earth thermo-stabilizer | DOP | MAPP | Expansion type flame retardant | Cupric oxide |
| 1 | 301 | 150 | 18 | 15 | 15 | 0 | 0 |
| 2 | 294 | 150 | 17 | 9 | 15 | 15 | 0 |
| 3 | 294 | 150 | 17 | 9 | 15 | 0 | 15 |
| 4 | 280 | 150 | 17 | 8 | 14 | 15 | 15 |
Table 2
| Group | Oxygen index (%) | Burning time (s) | Total heat burst size (MJ/m 2) | Average specific delustring area (m 2/kg) | Unit surface material producing smoke amount (m 2/m 2) | Total cigarette output 600s meter (m 2) | Unit mass carbon monoxide productive rate (%) |
| 1 | 35.2 | 27 | 60.32 | 735.4 | 4550 | 40.23 | 0.080 |
| 2 | 37.9 | 30 | 49.15 | 721.4 | 3919 | 34.65 | 0.079 |
| 3 | 38.1 | 26 | 56.26 | 511.0 | 2836 | 25.08 | 0.085 |
| 4 | 41.0 | 34 | 48.27 | 414.2 | 2176 | 19.24 | 0.086 |
In table 2 experimental data present embodiment wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials can effectively suppress the fire propagation and spread, unit surface cigarette output obviously reduces.Illustrate that present embodiment wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials has significant fire-retardant and smoke suppressing effect.
Embodiment 24: present embodiment compares experiment 2, and content listed in the table 3 is different with embodiment 23, and other step and parameter are identical with embodiment 23.
Table 3
| Group | Polyvinyl chloride | Wood powder | The compound rare-earth thermo-stabilizer | MAPP | DOP | Expansion type flame retardant | Cupric oxide |
| 1 | 602 | 300 | 36 | 30 | 30 | 0 | 0 |
| 2 | 588 | 300 | 36 | 30 | 18 | 15 | 15 |
| 3 | 420 | 500 | 25 | 21 | 13 | 11 | 11 |
| 4 | 336 | 600 | 20 | 17 | 10 | 8 | 8 |
| 5 | 256 | 700 | 15 | 13 | 8 | 4 | 4 |
Experimental test data is as shown in table 4.
Table 4
| Group | Total cigarette output (600s meter) (m 2) | Total heat burst size (MJ/m 2) | Unit surface material cigarette output (m 2/m 2) | Average specific delustring area (m 2/kg) | Unit mass carbon monoxide productive rate (%) | Resistates quality (600s meter) (%) |
| 1 | 40.23 | 60.32 | 4550 | 735.4 | 0.080 | 18.32 |
| Group | Total cigarette output (600s meter) (m 2) | Total heat burst size (MJ/m 2) | Unit surface material cigarette output (m 2/m 2) | Average specific delustring area (m 2/kg) | Unit mass carbon monoxide productive rate (%) | Resistates quality (600s meter) (%) |
| 2 | 23.42 | 44.03 | 2649 | 570.3 | 0.072 | 26.87 |
| 3 | 19.91 | 46.09 | 2251 | 480.5 | 0.056 | 26.10 |
| 4 | 24.50 | 50.55 | 2611 | 521.9 | 0.051 | 25.38 |
| 5 | 17.16 | 42.81 | 1940 | 453.9 | 0.054 | 25.79 |
The experimental result of taper calorimeter shows that present embodiment wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials (the 2nd～5 group) total smoke release, total heat burst size, unit mass carbon monoxide productive rate, smoke toxicity are compared obvious reduction with the 1st group; The resistates quality significantly improves.Present embodiment wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials is described and does not add that fire-retardant, as to press down cigarette composition PVC base wood-plastic composite material is compared flame retardant resistance, smoke suppressing effect significantly improves.The addition of flame-retardant smoke inhibition composition is very little in wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials of the present invention, has the advantage of economy, environmental protection.
Claims (7)
1. wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials is characterized in that wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials mainly made by 100～600 parts of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS, 30～700 parts of lignocellulosic materials, 3～145 parts of expansion type flame retardants, 1～55 part of cupric oxide, 6～75 parts of thermo-stabilizers, 4～60 parts of softening agent and 4～65 parts of expanding materials by ratio of weight and the number of copies; Wherein expansion type flame retardant is made up of by 3: 8: 6 mass ratio tetramethylolmethane, ammonium polyphosphate and trimeric cyanamide, and the polymerization degree of ammonium polyphosphate is 1500～4000; Wherein lignocellulosic material is one or more the mixture in straw powder, bamboo powder, wood powder, xylon, bamboo fibers, stalk fibre, the flax fiber.
2. a kind of wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that lignocellulosic material is fibrous or powdery.
3. a kind of wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that thermo-stabilizer is an organo-tin het stabilizer.
4. a kind of wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials according to claim 3 is characterized in that organo-tin het stabilizer is dibutyl tin laurate, Bis(lauroyloxy)dioctyltin, two (butyl maleate) dibutyl tin, toxilic acid dioctyltin, dioctyltin two (Thiovanic acid isobutyl ester) or dioctyltin two (isooctyl mercaptoacetate).
5. a kind of wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that softening agent is dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and/or dibutyl phthalate.
6. a kind of wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that expanding material is maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, butyl (tetra) titanate, isocyanic ester, silane coupling agent; Wherein silane coupling agent is hexamethyldisiloxane, vinyl three (methoxy ethoxy) silane, vinyltrimethoxy silane or aminopropyl triethoxysilane.
7. the preparation method of the described a kind of wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials of claim 1, it is characterized in that wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials prepares according to the following steps: one, by ratio of weight and the number of copies with 100～600 parts of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) RESINS, 6～75 parts of thermo-stabilizers, 4～60 parts of softening agent, 3～145 parts of expansion type flame retardants, 1～55 part of cupric oxide and 4～65 parts of expanding materials add in the high-speed mixer, in temperature high-speed mixing 5～10min under 90～110 ℃ the condition, and then adding 30～700 parts of lignocellulosic materials, to be stirred to the lignocellulosic material water ratio under 90～110 ℃ condition be 2% ± 0.5%, change over to afterwards and be stirred to the mixture temperature in the low speed cold mixer and be reduced to 45 ± 1 ℃, promptly obtain Preblend; Two, Preblend is extruded unit or conical double screw extruder extrusion moulding with the two rank of single screw rod-parallel double-screw, and the screw extruder barrel Heating temperature is 135～175 ℃, and die temperature is 160～180 ℃, promptly obtains wood fibre-polyvinyl chloride composite materials; Expansion type flame retardant is made up of by 3: 8: 6 mass ratio tetramethylolmethane, ammonium polyphosphate and trimeric cyanamide in the step 1, and the polymerization degree of ammonium polyphosphate is 1500～4000.
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