CN107629354B - Active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of building decoration materials, in particular to an active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film and a preparation method thereof, wherein the active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90-120 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 2-5 parts of heat stabilizer, 5-20 parts of titanium dioxide, 30-50 parts of plasticizer and 2-12 parts of flame retardant. The heat stabilizer is a calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, the plasticizer is one or a mixture of dioctyl phthalate, tricresyl phosphate and trichloroethyl phosphate, and the flame retardant is a mixture of a dehydration catalyst ammonium polyphosphate, a carbonizing agent pentaerythritol and a foaming agent melamine. Because the high-efficiency phosphorus flame-retardant plasticizer is used for partially or completely replacing the traditional plasticizer without flame-retardant effect, the fire-retardant flexible film has good fire-retardant performance, the fire-retardant performance is basically the same as that of pure polyvinyl chloride, the smoke quantity is not obviously increased in the combustion process, and the good processing performance is kept; and the soft film has simple manufacturing process and is suitable for large-area use in various indoor and outdoor decoration projects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building decoration materials, in particular to an active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with the rapid development of economy in China, the living quality of people is improved day by day, the requirements of people on building decoration materials used for houses are also continuously improved, wherein the soft ceiling film used as a ceiling material is relatively soft in texture, can conveniently manufacture various shapes and effects such as planes, curved surfaces, three-dimensional shapes and the like, can meet the requirements of designers to realize the artistic conception, overcomes the limitations of single color and small block assembly of the traditional ceiling shape, and is deeply loved by people. Due to the advantages of convenient modeling and strong integrity, the ceiling soft film is not only used for common houses, but also widely applied to public places such as schools, gymnasiums, concert halls and the like. Based on the consideration of life and property safety of the masses, China has very strict requirements on the fire-proof grade of a ceiling material used in public places, so that the fire-proof performance of the ceiling soft film is particularly important in various performances of the ceiling soft film.
At present, the main material of the flexible ceiling membrane is polyvinyl chloride, and the mechanical property, corrosion resistance, fire resistance and other properties of the polyvinyl chloride meet the requirements of people, but part of plasticizer needs to be introduced in the processing process to improve the processing property of the flexible ceiling membrane, and the added large amount of plasticizer can obviously reduce the fire resistance of the flexible ceiling membrane. Therefore, the invention provides a preparation method and application of an active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film, and the ceiling soft film uses a high-efficiency phosphorus flame-retardant plasticizer and various flame retardants in the preparation process, so that the fireproof performance of the polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film can be effectively improved on the basis of not reducing the mechanical property and the processing performance of the polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the traditional ceiling soft film has poor fireproof performance and cannot meet the requirements of fire safety and environmental protection and the like, and provides an active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-120 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 2-5 parts of heat stabilizer, 5-20 parts of titanium dioxide, 30-50 parts of plasticizer and 2-12 parts of flame retardant.
The active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film is preferably prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 3 parts of heat stabilizer, 5-20 parts of titanium dioxide, 42 parts of plasticizer and 3 parts of flame retardant.
The active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film disclosed by the invention is characterized in that the flame retardant is a mixture of 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of ammonium polyphosphate, 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of pentaerythritol serving as a carbonizing agent and 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of melamine serving as a foaming agent, wherein the total weight of the ammonium polyphosphate, the pentaerythritol and the melamine is 3 parts by weight.
The three flame retardants of ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, melamine and the like have a synergistic effect and can play a role in foaming into charcoal and isolating heat. The mechanism is as follows: ammonium polyphosphate is used as an acid source, pentaerythritol is used as a carbon source, and melamine is used as a foaming component, wherein when the temperature reaches about 220 ℃, the ammonium polyphosphate is decomposed, and the decomposition product contains inorganic acid; with the continuous rise of the temperature, inorganic acid generated by decomposing ammonium polyphosphate can generate esterification reaction with carbon source pentaerythritol, before or in the reaction process of the esterification reaction, the foaming component melamine absorbs heat and then decomposes to generate a large amount of non-combustible gas, and the gas expands and foams the softened component in the escaping process; along with the continuous progress of the reaction, a 'honeycomb-shaped' expanded carbon layer is gradually formed, and the carbon layer can play the roles of isolating heat, preventing further combustion and protecting the internal structure, so that the flame-retardant material is called as active fire prevention and is different from a flame-retardant mode of passively absorbing heat of a traditional flame retardant.
The active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film provided by the invention has the advantages that the average polymerization degree of polyvinyl chloride is 1200-1500, the content of volatile matters including water is not more than 0.4%, the sieve pores of screen residues are not more than 0.063mm and not more than 1.0%, and the content of residual vinyl chloride is not more than 10 mg/kg.
Preferably, the heat stabilizer is a calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, the main components of the heat stabilizer are calcium soap and zinc soap, and the calcium soap is one or a mixture of more of calcium stearate, calcium palmitate, calcium oleate, calcium linoleate, calcium glutarate and calcium sebacate; the zinc soap is one or more of zinc stearate, zinc palmitate, zinc oleate, zinc laurate, zinc glutarate and zinc sebacate. The calcium-zinc composite stabilizer is a nontoxic and environment-friendly heat stabilizer.
The active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling flexible film provided by the invention is characterized in that preferably, the plasticizer is one or a mixture of dioctyl phthalate (DOP), tricresyl phosphate (TCP) and trichloroethyl phosphate (TECP).
The technical problem to be solved by the second aspect of the invention is to provide a preparation method of an active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components in proportion for later use;
(2) adding the weighed polyvinyl chloride, the calcium-zinc composite heat stabilizer, the titanium dioxide, the plasticizer and the flame retardant into a high-speed stirrer for stirring, so that the polyvinyl chloride, the calcium-zinc composite heat stabilizer, the titanium dioxide, the plasticizer and the flame retardant are uniformly dispersed;
(3) adding the uniformly mixed mixture into a double-roller mixing roll for open milling until the film-forming surface is smooth and has no cracks;
(4) and (3) placing the milled mixture in a flat vulcanizing machine for pressure forming to obtain the soft ceiling film.
Preferably, the processing temperature in the step (3) is 145-165 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (4), the pressure is 3-8 MPa, the processing temperature is 145-165 ℃, and the vulcanizing time is 20-60 min.
The active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film has the following advantages:
(1) the active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film uses high-efficiency phosphorus flame-retardant plasticizers, namely tricresyl phosphate (TCP) and trichloroethyl phosphate (TECP), to partially or completely replace the traditional plasticizer dioctyl phthalate (DOP) without flame-retardant effect, so that the fireproof performance is not influenced, and the good processing performance is kept;
(2) the active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film has good fireproof performance which is basically the same as that of pure polyvinyl chloride, and the smoke generation amount is not obviously increased in the combustion process;
(3) the active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film has the advantages of low raw material price, simple manufacturing process and lower comprehensive cost, and is suitable for large-area use in various indoor and outdoor decoration projects.
Detailed Description
The above-described scheme is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The conditions used in the examples may be further adjusted according to the conditions of the particular manufacturer, and the conditions not specified are generally the conditions in routine experiments.
Introduction and summary
The present invention is illustrated by way of example and not by way of limitation. It should be noted that references to "an" or "one" embodiment in this disclosure are not necessarily to the same embodiment, but to at least one.
Various aspects of the invention are described below. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced according to only some or all aspects of the present invention. For purposes of explanation, specific numbers, materials and configurations are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without specific details. In other instances, well-known features are omitted or simplified in order not to obscure the present invention.
Various operations will be described as multiple discrete steps in turn, and in a manner that is most helpful in understanding the present invention; however, the description in order should not be construed as to imply that these operations are necessarily order dependent.
Various embodiments will be described in terms of typical classes of reactants. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced using any number of different types of reactants, not just those provided herein for purposes of illustration. Furthermore, it will also be apparent that the invention is not limited to any particular hybrid example.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
Example 1
(1) Weighing the following components in proportion: 100g of polyvinyl chloride, 3g of calcium-zinc composite heat stabilizer, 10g of titanium dioxide, 21g of tricresyl phosphate, 21g of trichloroethyl phosphate, 1g of ammonium polyphosphate, 1g of pentaerythritol and 1g of melamine;
(2) adding the polyvinyl chloride, the calcium-zinc composite heat stabilizer, the titanium dioxide, the tricresyl phosphate, the trichloroethyl phosphate, the ammonium polyphosphate, the pentaerythritol and the melamine weighed in the last step into a high-speed stirrer, and stirring for 3min to uniformly disperse the materials;
(3) adding the uniformly mixed mixture into a double-roller mixing roll for open mixing, wherein the processing temperature is 155 ℃, until the film forming surface is smooth and has no cracks;
(4) and putting the milled mixture into a flat vulcanizing machine, and pressing and molding the mixture at the pressure of 5MPa and the processing temperature of 150 ℃ for 30 min.
In order to further characterize the fire-retardant performance of the active fire-retardant polyvinyl chloride ceiling flexible film, the test was carried out according to the following standards and methods:
(1) EN 13823:2010 reaction of the building products to fire (single burning test method of the building products without paving materials), the test results are the average of the 3 test results;
(2) EN ISO 11925-2:2010 flame reaction test, flammability of building articles under direct flame impact (part 2: single fire source test), test results were averaged over 6 test results. The density of the test sample was 478g/m2The method for mounting and fixing the sample is described in GB/T20284: using a density of about 1800kg/m3And a fireproof cement board with the thickness of 8mm is used as a base material, and the sample is fixed on the base material by using screws without seams.
The results of the fire performance test are shown in tables 1 and 2:
TABLE 1 active fireproof PVC ceiling soft film fireproof performance test result
The samples were graded according to EN 13501-1:2007+ a1:2009, with the combustion performance rating: b-s1, d 0.
TABLE 2 active fire-retardant polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film combustion performance grade
As described above, the active fireproof pvc ceiling flexible film of the present invention has good fireproof performance, and various mechanical properties thereof were tested according to the following standards and methods:
(1) in the tear strength test, the test method is ASTM D1004-13, the thickness of the test sample is 0.197 mm, the test speed is 51mm/min, the test environment temperature is 23 +/-2 ℃, and the test environment humidity is 50 +/-5% RH;
(2) in the tensile strength and elongation at break tests, the test method is ISO 527-1:2012& ISO 527-3:1995/Cor.2:2001, the width of the test sample is 25mm, the thickness of the test sample is 0.196mm, the test speed is 500mm/min, the chuck distance is 50mm, the test environment temperature is 23 +/-2 ℃, and the test environment humidity is 50 +/-5% RH.
The mechanical property test results are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 mechanical property test results of active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film
Example 2
Compared with example 1, the amount of polyvinyl chloride used in the first step was changed to 110g, and the other conditions were kept unchanged.
Example 3
The amount of the heat stabilizer used in the first step was changed to 5g, as compared with example 1, and the other conditions were kept unchanged.
Example 4
The amount of titanium dioxide used in the first step was changed to 14g as compared with example 1, and the other conditions were kept unchanged.
Example 5
In comparison with example 1, the amount of tricresyl phosphate (TCP) in the first step was changed to 17g, the amount of trichloroethyl phosphate (TECP) was changed to 25g, and the other conditions were kept constant.
Example 6
Compared with example 1, the amounts of ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine in the first step were changed to 2g, and the other conditions were kept unchanged.
Example 7
The stirring time in the second step was changed to 4min compared to example 1, and the other conditions were kept unchanged.
Example 8
The processing temperature in the third step was changed to 150 c compared to example 1, and other conditions were kept unchanged.
Example 9
In comparison with example 1, the pressure in the fourth step was changed to 8MPa, and the other conditions were kept unchanged.
Example 10
Compared with example 1, the processing temperature in the fourth step was changed to 148 ℃, and other conditions were kept unchanged.
The active fire-resistant polyvinyl chloride ceiling flexible films obtained in examples 2-10 had similar properties to the product of example 1.
The above-described specific embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications or substitutions can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 3 parts of heat stabilizer, 10 parts of titanium dioxide, 42 parts of plasticizer and 3 parts of flame retardant; the plasticizer is 21 parts by weight of tricresyl phosphate and 21 parts by weight of trichloroethyl phosphate; the flame retardant is a mixture of ammonium polyphosphate, a charring agent pentaerythritol and a foaming agent melamine, wherein the weight part of the ammonium polyphosphate is 1, the weight part of the pentaerythritol is 1, and the weight part of the melamine is 1;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components in proportion for later use;
(2) adding the weighed polyvinyl chloride, the heat stabilizer, the titanium dioxide, the plasticizer and the flame retardant into a high-speed stirrer for stirring, so that the polyvinyl chloride, the heat stabilizer, the titanium dioxide, the plasticizer and the flame retardant are uniformly dispersed;
(3) adding the uniformly mixed mixture into a double-roller mixing roll for open milling until the film-forming surface is smooth and has no cracks;
(4) and (3) placing the milled mixture in a flat vulcanizing machine for pressure forming to obtain the ceiling soft film.
2. The active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling flexible film according to claim 1, wherein the average polymerization degree of polyvinyl chloride is 1200-1500, the volatile matter-including water content is not more than 0.4%, the screen mesh of screen residue is 0.063mm not more than 1.0%, and the residual vinyl chloride content is not more than 10 mg/kg.
3. The active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling flexible film according to claim 1, wherein the heat stabilizer is a calcium-zinc composite stabilizer.
4. The active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film according to claim 1, wherein the processing temperature in step (3) is 145-165 ℃.
5. The active fireproof polyvinyl chloride ceiling soft film according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the pressure is 3-8 MPa, the processing temperature is 145-165 ℃, and the vulcanization time is 20-60 min.
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| CN109370088A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-02-22 | 李永平 | A kind of super film of ungauged regions |
| CN110041542A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-23 | 广东澳佰特新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method for smallpox soft film material of preventing fires |
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| CN101173079A (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2008-05-07 | 东北林业大学 | Xylem filber-polyvinyl chloride composite material and method for producing the same |
| CN102532752A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-07-04 | 浙江博泰塑胶有限公司 | High brightness flame retardant decorative film |
| CN102850690A (en) * | 2012-08-02 | 2013-01-02 | 佛山市天安塑料有限公司 | Soft film for decorating ceilings and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103059463A (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-04-24 | 杭州弘泽新材料有限公司 | Ceiling membrane and producing method thereof |
| CN104356546A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-02-18 | 南京联塑科技实业有限公司 | Antidrip flame-retardant PVC-U (unplasticized polyvinyl chloride) pipe and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101173079A (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2008-05-07 | 东北林业大学 | Xylem filber-polyvinyl chloride composite material and method for producing the same |
| CN102532752A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-07-04 | 浙江博泰塑胶有限公司 | High brightness flame retardant decorative film |
| CN102850690A (en) * | 2012-08-02 | 2013-01-02 | 佛山市天安塑料有限公司 | Soft film for decorating ceilings and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103059463A (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-04-24 | 杭州弘泽新材料有限公司 | Ceiling membrane and producing method thereof |
| CN104356546A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-02-18 | 南京联塑科技实业有限公司 | Antidrip flame-retardant PVC-U (unplasticized polyvinyl chloride) pipe and preparation method thereof |
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