CN101169381A - 制造复合材料测试叶片的方法 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/86—Incorporated in coherent impregnated reinforcing layers, e.g. by winding
- B29C70/865—Incorporated in coherent impregnated reinforcing layers, e.g. by winding completely encapsulated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
- B29C70/48—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- B29D99/0025—Producing blades or the like, e.g. blades for turbines, propellers, or wings
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D41/00—Looms not otherwise provided for, e.g. for weaving chenille yarn; Details peculiar to these looms
- D03D41/004—Looms for three-dimensional fabrics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
- B29C2037/90—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2037/906—Measuring, controlling or regulating using visualisation means or linked accessories, e.g. screens, printers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
- B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
- B29C70/24—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least three directions forming a three dimensional structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/08—Blades for rotors, stators, fans, turbines or the like, e.g. screw propellers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
制造一种包括缺陷的测试叶片,用于校正校验相似叶片的X射线断层摄影装置。三维坯料(12)通过编织合成材料纤维被制造,以及在用树脂涂敷三维坯料之前,将固态树脂成分(14)注入所述坯料中预定位置处。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及通过对由复合材料制造的涡轮机组叶片进行X线断层摄影的非破坏性检测的方法,尤其是涉及包括通过三维编织制造的加强件的叶片。本发明更具体地涉及制造用于校正X线断层摄影系统的测试叶片,所述X线断层摄影系统将在制造期间被用于对所有这种叶片进行检测。如以这种方式检测的复合材料叶片具体为涡轮喷气机的风机叶片。
背景技术
旁路涡轮喷气机的风机叶片可以由复合材料制造,例如由涂敷有树脂的合成纤维制成的材料。理想的是,能够对所有这种叶片实施非破坏性且系统化检测。所使用的材料被引导至X射线断层摄影,所述X射线断层摄影作为最合适的非破坏性检测方法而被选择。
例如,美国专利号6041143描述了通过X线断层摄影对这种风机叶片的非破坏性检测。X线断层摄影重构处理与纤维块的结构有关,具体地由片材料的板层构成。在这个文献中,X线断层摄影重构被采用作为板层的函数。更具体地,参考模型的至少一个参考板层被存储在非欧几里得坐标系中,然后在对真实叶片进行检测时,参考板层中的点被转换为真实叶片的欧几里得坐标系中。这种双重转换用于更清晰地显示这种类型叶片所特有的缺陷,在这种类型叶片中所述纤维块由片材料的板层构成,具体地显示由褶皱的形成所构成的缺陷。
发明内容
本发明涉及对另一类型叶片的非破坏性X线断层摄影的检测,所述另一类型叶片包括由三维编织的纱线股或纤维制造的坯料或粗加工的成品。这种坯料被嵌入树脂中。例如,以本申请人名义提出得专利EP1526285就描述了这种叶片。
在制造这种叶片的过程中,可能出现各种缺陷。非破坏性X线断层摄影检测被用于检测和估计这种缺陷。
一种具体缺陷为在该结构内树脂簇的形成。为了检测和估计这些缺陷,有必要使用测试叶片定期地校正X线断层摄影装置,具体地包括这种树脂簇(已知的尺度及被定位在已知位置处)的缺陷。
本发明涉及制造这种测试叶片。
更具体地,本发明提供一种制造复合材料的测试叶片的方法,用于校正类似叶片的X射线检测,该方法特征在于:所述方法包括制造由复合材料纤维编织的三维坯料、在所述坯料的预定位置处注入固态树脂成分、将所述坯料注入模具以及在压力下将树脂注入所述模具来获得所述测试叶片。
更优选地,测试叶片用于校正X线断层摄影装置。
固态树脂成分可以为预定几何形状。例如,可能的是使用在形状上大致为球形的珠。
为了模拟较大或较小尺寸的树脂簇,可能的是使用不同尺寸的树脂成分。例如具有不同所选择直径的珠。实际中,直径位于2毫米(mm)至10mm的范围内的珠经过试验获得了成功应用。
在得出本发明的研究中,令人惊奇地发现:压力下液态树脂的注入及随后高温处理没有明显改变在注入液体树脂之前被预先插入所编织坯料的固体树脂的位置及完整性。
附图说明
考虑对依据本发明原理的制造测试叶片方法的下面描述,本发明可被更好地理解以及其中其他优点更清楚地显现,所述下面描述仅仅作为例子且参考附图被作出,
附图中:
图1显示三维坯料的三维编织的示意图;
图2是以这种方法获得的坯料的示意图;
图3显示由被插入所述坯料中固态树脂制造的部件的示意图;
图4显示由在压力下被注入模具的液体树脂所涂敷的坯料的示意图;和
图5显示由此获得的测试叶片的示意图。
具体实施方式
参考附图,示意性示出制造测试叶片的方法,所述方法包括如图1中所示的使用织机11制造由复合材料纤维编织的三维坯料的阶段。这种步骤被描述在EP1526285,所以不再描述。然而,本发明应用至适于制造如图2中所示坯料的任何类型三维编织。所使用的纤维优选为碳纤维。还可能的是使用由玻璃或芳族聚酸胺纤维制造的纤维。
如图3所示,下面步骤包括将固态树脂成分14(在这个例子中为球形珠)插入坯料中选定位置。这些植入的图表被并行描绘,同时还存储被插入各个位置中的珠直径。
以这种方式处理的坯料12被放置在模具16中,所述模具16具有用于所描述的测试叶片的腔体,其形状和尺寸与欲通过X线断层摄影进行非破坏性检测的类型的叶片的形状和尺寸类似。此后,液态树脂在压力下被注入模具。该模具可被加热至促使树脂聚合的温度。针对所有这些参数的控制是本领域技术人员能够实现的。
作为例子,使用已经被成功使用的环氧树脂(已知的名字PR 520)是可能的。可以使用许多其他热固树脂,具体地其它环氧树脂、聚酯树脂、酚醛树脂等等。
用于模制阶段,使用下面条件(均非必要的):
-用于填充模具,在165℃以每分钟300立方厘米的速率注入树脂
-注入压力:最大17巴;以及
-在180℃烘焙2小时(h)。
应当注意到,在注入液体树脂之前其它缺陷可被引入同一坯料。
在所有这类缺陷中,特别应该提到的是,通过X线断层摄影可探测到丝股或编织断裂的情况。为了确信在测试叶片的预定位置也有这类缺陷,可以在选择的位置切割几股纤维—例如,只要使用剪刀即可——并勾画出切割的图形。图3示出了这种切割部分20的情况。此后,就可以进行图4所示的模制作业。
在模制后获得的测试叶片22被显示在图5中。
Claims (4)
1.一种制造复合材料的测试叶片的方法,其用于校正相似叶片的X射线检测,所述方法特征在于:它包括制造由合成材料纤维编织的三维坯料(12)、在所述坯料的预定位置处注入固态树脂成分(14)、将所述坯料注入模具以及在压力下将树脂注入所述模具来获得所述测试叶片。
2.依据权利要求1所述的方法,特征在于,所述树脂成分(14)在形状上大致为球形。
3.依据权利要求2所述的方法,特征在于,所述球形树脂成分(14)可选择不同直径,例如在2mm至10mm的范围中。
4.依据前面权利要求所述的任一种方法,特征在于,在注入所述树脂之前在所述坯料中在所选择的位置处切割几股纤维(20)。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0654540 | 2006-10-26 | ||
FR0654540A FR2907706B1 (fr) | 2006-10-26 | 2006-10-26 | Procede de fabrication d'une aube temoin en materiau composite |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN101169381A true CN101169381A (zh) | 2008-04-30 |
CN101169381B CN101169381B (zh) | 2012-07-04 |
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CN200710165533.5A Active CN101169381B (zh) | 2006-10-26 | 2007-10-26 | 制造复合材料测试叶片的方法 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8062570B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1920909B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5198033B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101169381B (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2607239C (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2907706B1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2442128C2 (zh) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102023171A (zh) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-04-20 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | 用ct值定量表征复合材料内部夹杂缺陷类型的无损检测方法 |
CN104583541A (zh) * | 2012-07-16 | 2015-04-29 | 斯奈克玛 | 切割用于制造涡轮机零件的预成形件的方法和系统 |
CN114430792A (zh) * | 2019-08-28 | 2022-05-03 | 赛峰飞机发动机公司 | 风扇叶片的纤维增强体的纤维的混杂化 |
CN117307500A (zh) * | 2023-11-28 | 2023-12-29 | 河北技投机械设备有限公司 | 渣浆泵远程数字化监控方法、终端、监控系统及介质 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9042516B2 (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2015-05-26 | The Boeing Company | Nondestructive examination of structures having embedded particles |
FR3015680B1 (fr) * | 2013-12-19 | 2016-01-15 | Snecma | Procede de caracterisation d'une piece |
FR3034038B1 (fr) * | 2015-03-23 | 2017-11-17 | Snecma | Procede de fabrication d'une aube temoin pour etalonnage d'un controle tomographique et aube temoin en resultant |
CN111070730B (zh) * | 2020-01-03 | 2021-05-28 | 国电联合动力技术有限公司 | 一种风电叶片真空灌注方法 |
RU2742540C1 (ru) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-02-08 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технический универитет им. А.Н. Туполева - КАИ" | Способ проведения исследования клеевых соединений многослойной втулки несущего винта вертолета |
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JPS59184647A (ja) * | 1983-04-04 | 1984-10-20 | ポリウレタン化成株式会社 | 熱成形可能な積層体 |
JPH01223342A (ja) * | 1988-03-03 | 1989-09-06 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | 非破壊検査用標準試験体の製造方法 |
DE69027899T2 (de) * | 1989-08-28 | 1996-11-28 | United Technologies Corp | Stabilisierung von Einlagen für das "RTM"-Verfahren |
US5061542A (en) * | 1989-08-28 | 1991-10-29 | United Technologies Corporation | Stabilizing foam inserts for resin transfer molding |
JPH0712617B2 (ja) * | 1993-03-25 | 1995-02-15 | ヤマウチ株式会社 | 成形プレス用クッション材 |
DE19803909A1 (de) * | 1998-02-02 | 1999-08-05 | Ver Foerderung Inst Kunststoff | Verfahren zur Herstellung von endlosfaserverstärkten Hohlkörpern im Harzinjektionsverfahren |
JP2971432B2 (ja) * | 1998-03-13 | 1999-11-08 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | 繊維強化プラスチック構造体の検査方法 |
JP2001146691A (ja) * | 1999-08-27 | 2001-05-29 | Gabriela Tourosuman Jessica | ビーズを用いた衣類の装飾方法 |
CA2468952C (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2010-12-07 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Fiber-reinforced composite material and method for production thereof |
US20040034298A1 (en) * | 2002-08-13 | 2004-02-19 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Radiographic sizing tool |
CN1194848C (zh) * | 2002-10-09 | 2005-03-30 | 天津大学 | 三维编织纤维增强聚合物生物复合材料骨器件制造方法 |
FR2861143B1 (fr) * | 2003-10-20 | 2006-01-20 | Snecma Moteurs | Aube de turbomachine, notamment aube de soufflante et son procede de fabrication |
FR2907707B1 (fr) * | 2006-10-26 | 2009-01-30 | Snecma Sa | Procede de fabrication d'une aube temoin en materiau composite |
-
2006
- 2006-10-26 FR FR0654540A patent/FR2907706B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-10-22 US US11/876,278 patent/US8062570B2/en active Active
- 2007-10-23 CA CA2607239A patent/CA2607239C/fr active Active
- 2007-10-24 JP JP2007275995A patent/JP5198033B2/ja active Active
- 2007-10-24 EP EP07119155A patent/EP1920909B1/fr active Active
- 2007-10-25 RU RU2007139628/05A patent/RU2442128C2/ru active
- 2007-10-26 CN CN200710165533.5A patent/CN101169381B/zh active Active
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102023171A (zh) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-04-20 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | 用ct值定量表征复合材料内部夹杂缺陷类型的无损检测方法 |
CN102023171B (zh) * | 2010-11-12 | 2012-07-25 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | 用ct值定量表征复合材料内部夹杂缺陷类型的无损检测方法 |
CN104583541A (zh) * | 2012-07-16 | 2015-04-29 | 斯奈克玛 | 切割用于制造涡轮机零件的预成形件的方法和系统 |
CN105690597A (zh) * | 2012-07-16 | 2016-06-22 | 斯奈克玛 | 切割用于制造涡轮机零件的预成形件的方法和系统 |
CN104583541B (zh) * | 2012-07-16 | 2016-08-17 | 斯奈克玛 | 切割用于制造涡轮机零件的预成形件的方法和系统 |
CN105690597B (zh) * | 2012-07-16 | 2018-01-30 | 斯奈克玛 | 切割用于制造涡轮机零件的预成形件的方法和系统 |
CN114430792A (zh) * | 2019-08-28 | 2022-05-03 | 赛峰飞机发动机公司 | 风扇叶片的纤维增强体的纤维的混杂化 |
US11808171B2 (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2023-11-07 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Hybridization of the fibers of the fibrous reinforcement of a fan blade |
CN117307500A (zh) * | 2023-11-28 | 2023-12-29 | 河北技投机械设备有限公司 | 渣浆泵远程数字化监控方法、终端、监控系统及介质 |
CN117307500B (zh) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-03-05 | 河北技投机械设备有限公司 | 渣浆泵远程数字化监控方法、终端、监控系统及介质 |
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CA2607239A1 (fr) | 2008-04-26 |
JP5198033B2 (ja) | 2013-05-15 |
RU2442128C2 (ru) | 2012-02-10 |
CA2607239C (fr) | 2014-06-03 |
FR2907706A1 (fr) | 2008-05-02 |
JP2008107354A (ja) | 2008-05-08 |
CN101169381B (zh) | 2012-07-04 |
US8062570B2 (en) | 2011-11-22 |
RU2007139628A (ru) | 2009-04-27 |
EP1920909B1 (fr) | 2011-08-31 |
FR2907706B1 (fr) | 2009-02-06 |
EP1920909A1 (fr) | 2008-05-14 |
US20080099958A1 (en) | 2008-05-01 |
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