CN101156555A - a artificial fecundation method for Siberian sturgeon and hatching arrangement - Google Patents
a artificial fecundation method for Siberian sturgeon and hatching arrangement Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an artificial Siberian sturgeon propagating method and a hatch device. The artificial propagating method includes six steps of selecting parent sturgeon, parent sturgeon breeding, artificial parturition facilitating, artificial fertilization, hatch and fry breeding. Lowering the water temperature artificially when breeding the parent sturgeon and injecting sturgeon pituitary can stimulate the gonad of the parent sturgeon to grow mature in advance. Artificial fertilization, hatch and fry breeding can solve the influence of limitation of the season and region on the Siberian sturgeon, and then the fine fry of the Siberian sturgeon can be provided stably and continuously to meet the available requirement for the fine sturgeon fry from the culturist all through the year. The hatch device includes a water providing pipe, a water inlet pipe and a water distributing pipe. An overflow opening is also arranged on the upside of the fry collecting pipe hatch bottle parallel arranged on the edge of the hatch bottle, a temporary feeding pond is arranged on the bottom of the lower end of the fry collecting pipe. The hatched fry can enter into the fry collecting pipe through the overflow opening, and then enter into the temporary feeding pond, and then the automatic fry collecting effect is realized, the invention dispenses with manual collecting as well as lowers the labor intensity greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fish culture technology, be specifically related to a kind of artificial fecundation method for Siberian sturgeon and hatching apparatus.
Background technology
The Siberia sturgeon is famous and precious economic fish, and is Fresh ﹠ Tender in Texture, nutritious, liked by the masses.But the Siberia sturgeon mainly perches in the river, Siberia, and China's wild Siberia sturgeon resource-constrained in order to satisfy the people's needs, presses for the Siberia sturgeon is propagated artificially.And existing Technique in Fishes cultural technique can only be carried out artificial insemination by extracting ovum and sperm in sexually matured naturally breeding period in every year, then fertilized egg is placed in the incubator and hatches, as the patent No. is in the patent of invention of CN 1353927, and the environment of giant salamander artificial propagation and its natural propagation environment facies are seemingly; Existing fish incubation equipment comprises feed pipe, tank, water supply shower nozzle, support, Sheng ovum groove, drainage duct, dials egg apparatus and automatic tipping bucket.The water supply shower nozzle constantly supplies water in containing the ovum groove, and waste water is discharged from gap and entered in the automatic tipping bucket, and after the water in the tipping bucket was full, instead with the water turned letter, tipping bucket erected water receiving again under the effect of the mass that resets automatically.Tipping bucket overturning and the action that erects drive group egg apparatus simultaneously and once move back and forth, and dial egg apparatus and by the water of stirring the ovum dish ovum are stirred.In the hatching process that uses this incubation equipment, not in place if group egg apparatus is dialled ovum, fish-egg is easy to be deposited on contain in the ovum groove and causes anoxic to become dead ovum; The collection of fry must manually be pulled out from containing in the ovum groove, and it is very big to receive the seedling workload; This device structure complexity, footprint is big, and complete set of equipments adopts the stainless steel material manufacturing, and the cost cost is very high, and this artificial culture technology is confined to the north, and the water temperature of south this moment can not satisfy the requirement of hatching.Therefore, existing Siberia sturgeon artificial seed hatching technique can't satisfy the demand of market to fry owing to be subjected to the restriction of season and region.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of artificial fecundation method for Siberian sturgeon and hatching apparatus, use this artificial fecundation method for Siberian sturgeon and hatching apparatus to have following advantage;
1. can solve the influence that Siberia sturgeon seed is limited by season and region, stable, lasting supply Siberia sturgeon breeding satisfies the long-term effective demand of raiser to the sturgeon breeding.
2. fertilized egg is fully hatched.
3. can realize the automatic collection in the fry hatching process, reduce labor workload.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of artificial fecundation method for Siberian sturgeon mainly may further comprise the steps:
One. select parent population at winter-spring season, fish for from cultivating pool and select the system stalwartness, body surface does not have wound, movable normal of the right age male and female parent population;
Two. parent fish rearing
It is that cultivate in 6 ℃-10 ℃ cultivation pond that a puts into water temperature with parent population, and the water temperature that will cultivate after 30-37 days in the pond is progressively brought up to 14 ℃-18 ℃ by 6 ℃-10 ℃, improves every day about 1 ℃; Water quality is pure and fresh in the maintenance cultivation pond, and the oxygen abundance because the environment of low temperature stimulation artificially is provided to parent population, so just can be done sth. in advance the sexually matured time of sturgeon;
B changes parent population in the hatchery over to after water temperature rises to 14 ℃-18 ℃, and keeping the water temperature in the hatchery is about 16 ℃, and the hatchery is in flow regime all the time, and the hatchery water velocity is controlled at 0.05 meter per second-0.15 meter per second;
Three. artificial induced spawning
A once hastens parturition and inject the sturgeon hypophysis in the parent population body, and the injection volume of female sturgeon is a 1-16 mg/kg body weight, and male sturgeon reduces by half; Also can inject carp brain hypophysis in the parent population body, female, male sturgeon injection volume is 5-7 mg/kg body weight;
The b secondary is hastened parturition and inject carp brain hypophysis in the parent population body, and the injection volume of female sturgeon is a 1-15 mg/kg body weight, and male sturgeon reduces by half; Under the high slightly situation of water temperature, can take the circumstances into consideration suitably to reduce to use dosage as the case may be, the dosage of injection is the 65%-90% of accumulated dose for the second time.
C puts back to parent population to cultivate in the pond and cultivates behind artificial induced spawning;
Four. artificial insemination is manually obtained ripe essence, ovum when estimating the parent population sexual maturity; Obtain after essence, the ovum with manual method, carry out artificial insemination, then fertilized egg pouring into filled in the washbasin of clear water, evenly stir 3～5 minutes after, the water that will contain seminal fluid is outwelled, and cleans several times with clear water;
Five. hatching is put into the hatching of hatching bottle with fertilized egg, and the control water temperature is 10 ℃-15 ℃ during hatching, and current are controlled at and can guarantee that fish-egg can normally stir, and dissolved oxygen content is controlled at 7.5～9.5 mg/litre during hatching, and brooding time is 150～210 hours;
Six. in the fiberglass pond, continue behind the seed rearing juvenile fish membrane to cultivate to move on in cement pit or the pond after 5～6 days to cultivate, and regularly in cement pit or pond, throw something and feed natural bait or artifical compound feed, but the amino acid absorption ratio in the feed is not so good as natural bait, so preferable methods is the natural bait of throwing something and feeding, the concentration of dissolved oxygen should not be lower than 60% of oxygen saturation in cement pit or the pond.
As a kind of preferred, the body weight of selected raun is more than 5 kilograms in the described step 1, and the body weight of milter is more than 3 kilograms, the breeding density of parent population be the 5-10 tail/square metre.
As a kind of preferred, to cultivate the pond periphery in the described step 2 and avoid the sunshine direct projection, intensity of illumination is controlled at the 0.1-50 lux.
As a kind of preferred, among the described step 3 a, female sturgeon injection sturgeon amount pituitary is a 2-8 mg/kg body weight, and male sturgeon reduces by half; Or in the parent population body, inject carp brain hypophysis, female, male sturgeon injection volume is 4-8 mg/kg body weight.Among the described step 3 b, female sturgeon injection carp amount pituitary is a 3-5 mg/kg body weight, and male sturgeon reduces by half.
As a kind of preferred, in the described step 3, the time interval of hastening parturition with secondary of once hastening parturition is 10-14 hour.
A kind of special-purpose hatching apparatus of artificial fecundation method for Siberian sturgeon comprises feed pipe, water inlet pipe, and distributive pipe also comprises the hatching bottle and is laid in the collection seedling pipeline of hatching on the bottle base; Feed pipe and water inlet pipe junction are provided with control valve; Hatching bottle upper end is provided with the location lid, and the location lid is used for the location of distributive pipe and water inlet pipe, makes both be positioned at the middle position of hatching bottle; The top of hatching bottle also offers gap, the fry that hatches is flowed out by gap enter collection seedling pipeline.
As a kind of preferred, described hatching bottle bottom interior is set to a bowl spill, to prevent there is the current dead angle in the hatching bottle, hatching bottle body is straight bucket column structure, fish-egg is fully stirred, obtain fresh current and sufficient oxygen, several hatching bottles are parallel to be laid on the collection seedling ducting side, and the gap on the hatching bottle is towards collection seedling pipeline.
As a kind of improvement, the peripheral equidistant slide of keeping a foothold that is provided with in described distributive pipe lower end, described distributive pipe bottom is higher than the slide bottom of keeping a foothold, and the slide bottom of keeping a foothold matches with hatching bottle inside, bottom, the slide of keeping a foothold plays shunting action at the bottom of bottle, evenly separate current at the bottom of bottle all around.
As a kind of improvement, described collection seedling pipeline is set to the incline structure that the two ends height does not wait, collection seedling pipeline is than the storage pond, holding pond that is laid with the seedling that is used for breeding fish temporarily on the low side base, the centre of storage pond, holding pond is provided with cylindric outlet pipe, the outlet pipe pipe shaft is provided with can be for the aperture of waste water discharge, outlet pipe pipe shaft inwall is placed with guard, can make waste water discharge fry by aperture like this and stay in the storage pond, holding pond.
As a kind of improvement, described hatching bottle is made by straight bucket column lucite tube, so not only help the hatching process that people observed and managed fish-egg, and manufacture craft is simple, and cost is with low cost.
The present invention is owing to adopt technique scheme, during non-natural propagation, the people is for providing the low temperature stimulation parent population and injecting hypophysis, thereby the parent population sexual gland is reached maturity in advance, and in the hatching stage, gap is offered on top at the hatching bottle, makes the fry that hatches enter collection seedling pipeline, need not manually to receive seedling; Hatching bottle bottom interior is the bowl spill, and body is straight bucket column structure, and fish-egg is fully stirred, and obtains fresh current and sufficient oxygen, has improved incubation rate; On the other hand since the people for the low temperature stimulation parent population being provided and injecting hypophysis, thereby the parent population sexual gland is reached maturity in advance, thereby solved the influence that existing Siberia sturgeon seed is subjected to season and region restriction, thereby can stablize, supply constantly Siberia sturgeon breeding, satisfy the effective demand of raiser the sturgeon breeding.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a hatching apparatus structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment, and a kind of artificial fecundation method for Siberian sturgeon is characterized in that mainly may further comprise the steps:
One selects parent population at winter-spring season, fishes for from cultivating pool and selects the system stalwartness, and body surface does not have wound, movable normal of the right age female, male parent population; The body weight of raun is more than 5 kilograms, and the body weight of milter is more than 3 kilograms, the breeding density of parent population be controlled at 8 tails/square metre.
Two parent fish rearings
It is that cultivate in 8 ℃ cultivation pond that a puts into water temperature with parent population, and the water temperature that will cultivate after 30 days in the pond is progressively brought up to 16 ℃ by 8 ℃, improves every day about 1 ℃; Water quality is pure and fresh in the maintenance cultivation pond, and the oxygen abundance is cultivated the pond surrounding enviroment and avoided solar light irradiation, and intensity of illumination is controlled at about 3 luxs;
B changes parent population in the hatchery over to after water temperature rises to 16 ℃, and keeping the water temperature in the hatchery is about 16 ℃, and the hatchery water velocity is controlled at 0.10 meter per second;
Three artificial induced spawnings
A once hastens parturition and inject the sturgeon hypophysis in the parent population body, and the injection volume of female sturgeon is 6 mg/kg body weight, and male sturgeon reduces by half;
The b secondary is hastened parturition after once hastening parturition 12 hours, injects the carp hypophysis again in the parent population body, and the injection volume of female sturgeon is 4 mg/kg body weight, and male sturgeon reduces by half;
C puts back to parent population to cultivate in the pond and cultivates behind artificial induced spawning;
Four-player worker fertilization is manually obtained ripe essence, ovum when estimating the parent population sexual maturity; Obtain after essence, the ovum with manual method, carry out artificial insemination, then fertilized egg pouring into filled in the washbasin of clear water, evenly stir 3～5 minutes after, the water that will contain seminal fluid is outwelled, and cleans several times with clear water;
Five hatchings are put into fry hatching equipment with fertilized egg and are hatched, this all fry hatching equipment comprises feed pipe 2, water inlet pipe 3, distributive pipe 4, also comprise the hatching bottle of making by straight bucket column lucite tube 1,10 hatching bottle 1 parallel being laid on collection seedling pipeline 5 limits, the gap 8 on the hatching bottle 1 is towards collection seedling pipeline 5.Hatching bottle inside, 1 bottom is the bowl spill, and body is straight bucket column; And be laid in collection seedling pipeline 5 on hatching bottle 1 base; Hatching bottle 1 upper end is provided with the location and covers 7, the location covers 7 makes distributive pipe 4 and water inlet pipe 3 be positioned at the middle position of hatching bottle, keep a foothold slide 41 and distributive pipe 4 bottoms of peripheral equidistant being provided with in distributive pipe 4 lower ends are higher than slide 41 bottoms of keeping a foothold, and slide 41 bottoms of keeping a foothold match with hatching bottle inside, 1 bottom.The top of hatching bottle 1 also offers gap 8, the fry that hatches is flowed out by gap 8 enter collection seedling pipeline 5, collection seedling pipeline 5 is set to the incline structure that the two ends height does not wait, and collection seedling pipeline 5 is than being laid with collection on the low side base from the fry of collection seedling pipeline 5 inflows and the storage pond, holding pond 9 of water.The centre of described storage pond, holding pond 9 is provided with cylindric outlet pipe 10, and outlet pipe 10 pipe shafts are provided with the aperture 11 that can supply waste water to discharge, and is placed with guard at outlet pipe 10 pipe shaft inwalls.Fresh current pass through water inlet pipe 3 from feed pipe 2, the current of water inlet pipe evenly separate current by the slide 41 of keeping a foothold that is arranged on distributive pipe 4 bottoms to hatching bottle 1 bottom, shunting back current up evenly impact fish-egg in the bottom, fish-egg on making at the bottom of being deposited on bottle constantly up floats, constantly up roll in hatching bottle middle level, make fish-egg obtain sufficient current and dissolved oxygen; The fry that hatches enters collection seedling pipeline 5 by gap 8, fry by action of gravity flow to collection seedling pipeline 5 than entering storage pond, holding pond 9 behind the low side, fry is brought up seedling temporarily in storage pond, holding pond 9, because outlet pipe 10 pipe shaft inwalls are placed with guard, can prevent that fry from flowing out from aperture, waste water is discharged by the aperture 11 that is arranged on outlet pipe 10 pipe shafts.So just realize the effect that fry is gathered automatically, need not artificial collection, greatly reduced labour intensity; Hatching bottle bottom interior is the bowl spill, and body is straight bucket column structure, and fish-egg is fully stirred, and obtains fresh current and sufficient oxygen; The distributive pipe lower end has been provided with the slide of keeping a foothold of shunting action, current up evenly impact fish-egg at the bottom of bottle after distributive pipe shunting, the fish-egg on making at the bottom of being deposited on bottle constantly up floats, constantly roll in the middle level, thereby make fish-egg obtain sufficient fresh current and dissolved oxygen; The hatching bottle is made by straight bucket column lucite tube, so not only help the hatching process that people observed and managed fish-egg, and hatching bottle manufacture craft is simple, cost is with low cost, the control water temperature is 12 ℃ during hatching, current are controlled at and can guarantee that fish-egg can normally stir, and dissolved oxygen content is controlled at 8 mg/litre during hatching, and brooding time is about 180 hours;
In the fiberglass pond, continue behind the six seed rearing juvenile fish membranes to cultivate 5～6 days, transfer to then in cement pit or the pond and cultivate, and regularly in cement pit or pond, throw something and feed natural bait or artifical compound feed, the concentration of dissolved oxygen should not be lower than 60% of oxygen saturation in cement pit or the pond.
The present invention is owing to adopt technique scheme, during non-natural propagation, the people is for providing the low temperature stimulation parent population and injecting hypophysis, thereby the parent population sexual gland is reached maturity in advance, and by artificial insemination, hatching and seed rearing, solved existing Siberia sturgeon seed and be subjected to the influence of season and region restriction, thereby can stablize, supply constantly Siberia sturgeon breeding, satisfied the effective demand of raiser the sturgeon breeding.
Claims (10)
1. artificial fecundation method for Siberian sturgeon is characterized in that mainly may further comprise the steps:
One. select parent population at winter-spring season, fish for from cultivating pool and select the system stalwartness, body surface does not have wound, movable normal of the right age male and female parent population;
Two. parent fish rearing
It is that cultivate in 6 ℃-14 ℃ cultivation pond that a puts into water temperature with parent population, and the water temperature that will cultivate after 30-37 days in the pond is progressively brought up to 14 ℃-18 ℃ by 6 ℃-14 ℃; Water quality is pure and fresh in the maintenance cultivation pond, the oxygen abundance;
B changes parent population in the hatchery over to after water temperature rises to 14 ℃-18 ℃, and keeping the water temperature in the hatchery is about 16 ℃, and the hatchery water velocity is controlled at 0.05 meter per second-0.15 meter per second;
Three. artificial induced spawning
A once hastens parturition and inject the sturgeon hypophysis in the parent population body, and the injection volume of female sturgeon is a 1-16 mg/kg body weight, and male sturgeon reduces by half;
The b secondary is hastened parturition and inject carp brain hypophysis in the parent population body, and the injection volume of female sturgeon is a 1-15 mg/kg body weight, and male sturgeon reduces by half;
C puts back to parent population to cultivate in the pond and cultivates behind artificial induced spawning;
Four. artificial insemination is manually obtained ripe essence, ovum when estimating the parent population sexual maturity; Obtain after essence, the ovum with manual method, carry out artificial insemination, then fertilized egg pouring into filled in the washbasin of clear water, evenly stir 3～5 minutes after, the water that will contain seminal fluid is outwelled, and cleans several times with clear water;
Five. hatching is put into the hatching of hatching bottle with fertilized egg, and the control water temperature is 10 ℃-15 ℃ during hatching, and current are controlled at and can guarantee that fish-egg can normally stir, and dissolved oxygen content is controlled at 7.5～9.5 mg/litre during hatching, and brooding time is 150～210 hours;
Six. in the fiberglass pond, continue behind the seed rearing juvenile fish membrane to cultivate 5～6 days, transfer to then in cement pit or the pond and cultivate, and regularly in cement pit or pond, throw something and feed natural bait or artifical compound feed, the concentration of dissolved oxygen should not be lower than 60% of oxygen saturation in cement pit or the pond.
2. a kind of artificial fecundation method for Siberian sturgeon according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the body weight of selected raun is more than 5 kilograms in the described step 1, and the body weight of milter is more than 3 kilograms, the breeding density of parent population be the 5-10 tail/square metre.
3. a kind of artificial fecundation method for Siberian sturgeon according to claim 1 is characterized in that: cultivate the pond periphery in the described step 2 and avoid solar light irradiation, intensity of illumination is controlled at the 0.1-50 lux.
4. a kind of artificial fecundation method for Siberian sturgeon according to claim 1 is characterized in that: among the described step 3 a, female sturgeon injection sturgeon amount pituitary is a 2-8 mg/kg body weight, and male sturgeon reduces by half; Or in the parent population body, inject carp brain hypophysis, and female, male sturgeon injection volume is 4-8 mg/kg body weight, and among the described step 3 b, female sturgeon injection carp amount pituitary is a 3-5 mg/kg body weight, and male sturgeon reduces by half.
5. a kind of artificial fecundation method for Siberian sturgeon according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described step 3, the time interval of hastening parturition with secondary of once hastening parturition is 10-14 hour.
6. a kind of hatching apparatus of artificial fecundation method for Siberian sturgeon according to claim 1, comprise feed pipe (2), water inlet pipe (3), distributive pipe (4) is characterized in that: also comprise hatching bottle (1) and be laid in the collection seedling pipeline (5) of hatching on bottle (1) base; Feed pipe (2) is provided with control valve (6) with water inlet pipe (3) junction; Hatching bottle (1) upper end is provided with location lid (7), and the top of hatching bottle (1) also offers gap (8).
7. a kind of hatching apparatus according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described hatching bottle (1) bottom interior is the bowl spill, hatching bottle (1) body is straight bucket column structure, parallel collection seedling pipeline (5) both sides that are laid in of several hatching bottles (1), gap (8) is towards collection seedling pipeline (5).
8. a kind of hatching apparatus according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: peripheral equidistant being provided with in described distributive pipe (4) the lower end slide (41) of keeping a foothold, distributive pipe (4) bottom is higher than the slide of keeping a foothold (41) bottom, and the slide of keeping a foothold (41) bottom matches with hatching bottle (1) inside, bottom.
9. according to claim 6 or 7 described a kind of hatching apparatus, it is characterized in that: described collection seedling pipeline (5) is set to the incline structure that the two ends height does not wait, collection seedling pipeline (5) is than being laid with storage pond, holding pond (9) on the low side base, the centre of described storage pond, holding pond (9) is provided with cylindric outlet pipe (10), outlet pipe (10) pipe shaft is provided with can be for the aperture (11) of waste water discharge, and outlet pipe (10) pipe shaft inwall is placed with guard.
10. according to claim 6 or 7 or 8 described a kind of hatching apparatus, it is characterized in that: described hatching bottle (1) is made by straight bucket column lucite tube.
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| CN102113467A (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2011-07-06 | 广州市先步农业发展有限公司 | Method for artificial fertilization of sturgeon |
| CN101268765B (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2011-08-17 | 湖北省水产科学研究所 | Fishes oosperm hatcher with all-directional hydrologic cycle |
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| CN101569293B (en) * | 2009-05-31 | 2011-08-31 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Method for inducing gynogenesis of Siberian sturgeon by using amur sturgeon sperm |
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| CN101569293B (en) * | 2009-05-31 | 2011-08-31 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Method for inducing gynogenesis of Siberian sturgeon by using amur sturgeon sperm |
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