CN101133723A - Method for inducing natural gynogenesis fishes - Google Patents
Method for inducing natural gynogenesis fishes Download PDFInfo
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- CN101133723A CN101133723A CNA2007100358134A CN200710035813A CN101133723A CN 101133723 A CN101133723 A CN 101133723A CN A2007100358134 A CNA2007100358134 A CN A2007100358134A CN 200710035813 A CN200710035813 A CN 200710035813A CN 101133723 A CN101133723 A CN 101133723A
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- crucian carp
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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Abstract
The present invention provides a method capable of utilizing distant hybridization to induce and form natural gynogenetic fish and obtaining improved progeny. Said method includes the following steps: utilizing pubescent female red crusian carp and male triangular bream to make distant hybridization so as to obtain natural gynogenetic diploid red crusian carp with good character; then making said natural gynogenetic red crusian carp undergo the process of autocopulation so as to form new-type diploid red crusian carp and new-type diploid black crusian carp.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fish distant hybridization effect and induce formation natural amphoteric type gynogenesis diploid crucian, female, male natural gynogenesis fishes selfing forms two kinds of novel dliploid crucians.
Background technology
Distant hybridization is an affiliation between planting or the hybridization between the species individuality more than between planting.In vertebrate, the most species of fish, the research of carrying out the fish distant hybridization is all significant aspect organic evolution and fish genetic breeding.The fish distant hybridization might form the more existing reports of polyploid fish, but forms also report not of gynogenesis fishes that natural both sexes can educate by the fish distant hybridization.Natural gynogenesis is different from artificial gynogenesis, and it does not need the deactivation of sperm, does not also need artificial chromosome to the monoploid ovum to double to handle.Edge sperm far away in the natural gynogenesis only stimulates induces ovum to grow, and do not form masculonucleus, so the growth course of ovum is leading by the chromosome after doubling naturally in the ovum, and the final offspring who grows the formation survival.But " the different smart effect " that also has sperm in natural gynogenesis process, reason are that some dna fragmentations of sperm may be melted in the genetic constitution of ovum.In classification, red crucian carp belongs to the carp subfamily, and megalobrama amblycephala belongs to fish Ya section.There are notable difference in red crucian carp and megalobrama amblycephala on chromosome is formed, red crucian carp is 2n=100, and megalobrama amblycephala is 2n=48.Aspect feeding habits, red crucian carp is an omnivorousness, and megalobrama amblycephala is a phytophagy.We discover red crucian carp (♀) * megalobrama amblycephala (
) distant hybrid progeny in, not only have tetraploid crucian carp triangular bream (4n=148) and triploid crucian carp triangular bream (3n=124) hybridization polyploid offspring, also have the red crucian carp offspring of a considerable amount of natural gynogenesiss.The red crucian carp of particularly importantly this natural gynogenesis is that bisexuality can be educated type, forms two types offspring-diploid red crucian (2n=100) and the blue or green crucian carp (2n=100) of dliploid after the selfing.Compare with common red crucian carp, advantages such as that red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis and self progeny thereof have is little, the back of the body height, caudal peduncle weak point, a phytophagy show tangible " different smart effect ".Different with the red crucian carp of artificial induction's gynogenesis, need not the sperm deactivation in the red crucian carp forming process of natural gynogenesis and ovum double to handle, simplified operating process so greatly, and can also obtain the gynogenesis fishes that both sexes can be educated.In organic evolution, the novel fish that illustrating in the occurring in nature amphoteric appears in the offspring of red crucian carp of the gynogenesis of amphoteric and variation can produce by the gynogenesis approach of distant hybridization: aspect the fish genetic breeding, the fish of new type amphoteric type have broad application prospects in production application.Therefore, the natural gynogenesis crucian of the amphoteric of distant hybridization formation is all significant aspect organic evolution and fish genetic breeding.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of need not the sperm deactivation and the ovum new gynogenesis technology that doubles to handle.By the gynogenetic method of distant hybridization inducing natural, be intended to obtain the superior progeny that both sexes can be educated, proterties obtains improveing natural gynogenesis fishes and its selfing form.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of method of inducing natural gynogenesis fishes, utilize the distant hybridization of sexually matured female red crucian carp and male megalobrama amblycephala, produce the red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis diploid that both sexes can be educated, proterties is good, the red crucian carp of described natural gynogenesis diploid has formed novel diploid red crucian and the blue or green crucian carp of novel dliploid by selfing.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1. the culture experiment result shows: compare with common red crucian carp, and the common red crucian carp fast growth that red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis and self progeny thereof raised than the same period, the bodily form has also obtained improvement, and also having formed body colour in the self progeny is the novel dliploid crucian of cyan.
2. from Fig. 2 and associative list 1, table 2 as can be known, compare with common red crucian carp, red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis and self progeny thereof are not having much difference aspect the denumerable proterties such as scale formula, fin ray number, but aspect the ratio of some scalability shapes, red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis and self progeny thereof have clear superiority.As: the height of common red crucian carp/body length is 0.41, and height/body length of the red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis and two kinds of offsprings of selfing thereof is divided into 0.52,0.55 and 0.58; Head height/height 0.60 of common red crucian carp, head height/height 0.46,0.44 and 0.39 of the red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis and two kinds of offsprings of selfing thereof; The caudal peduncle height of common red crucian carp/caudal peduncle is long by 1.24, two kinds of offspring's caudal peduncle height of red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis and selfing thereof/caudal peduncle long 1.41,1.53,1.63.Two kinds of offsprings of red crucian carp of the natural gynogenesis of these data declarations and selfing thereof more have superiority than common red crucian carp on the bodily form, show the merit that the back of the body is high, little and caudal peduncle is short, red crucian carp of natural in addition gynogenesis and self progeny thereof also have the feature of phytophagy.
3. some excellent characteristics of the male parent that red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis and self progeny thereof show (as the excellent characteristic of the height back of the body and phytophagy) derive from " different smart effect " in the natural gynogenesis process, and this " different smart effect " can genetic stability.
4. occur female, male both sexes individuality in the red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis, sex ratio illustrates that near 1: 1 the natural gynogenesis form of distant hybridization helps the generation of both sexes individuality, helps gynogenesis fishes and produces offspring, and helps the organic evolution of fish.The sperm with megalobrama amblycephala that carried out before us stimulates in the artificial gynogenesis research of red crucian carp ovum, has had to complete female gynogenesis offspring.We notice that having the deactivation of megalobrama amblycephala sperm and red crucian carp ovum cold shock in the artificial gynogenesis process makes the process that chromosome number doubles, and these two manual procedure might cause gynogenetic milter not survive.The Sex determination mechanism that forms the red crucian carp of research of the red crucian carp of the natural gynogenesis of amphoteric provides desirable experiment material.
The scalability shape of the dissimilar fishes of table 1
| Height/body is long | Head length/body is long | Head height/head length | Caudal peduncle height/caudal peduncle is long | Head height/height | |
| Common red crucian carp | 0.41 | 0.29 | 0.85 | 1.24 | 0.60 |
| The red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis | 0.52 | 0.26 | 0.92 | 1.41 | 0.46 |
| Triploid crucian carp triangular bream | 0.58 | 0.27 | 0.90 | 1.40 | 0.44 |
| Tetraploid crucian carp triangular bream | 0.46 | 0.26 | 0.92 | 1.33 | 0.52 |
| Megalobrama amblycephala | 0.43 | 0.21 | 0.88 | 0.93 | 0.49 |
| Novel red crucian carp | 0.55 | 0.28 | 0.88 | 1.53 | 0.44 |
| Novel blue or green crucian carp | 0.58 | 0.29 | 0.87 | 1.63 | 0.39 |
The denumerable proterties of the dissimilar fishes of table 2
| Lateral line scales | Squama on the side line | Squama under the side line | The dorsal fin bar | The abdomeinal fin bar | The stern fin ray | |
| Common red crucian carp | 28-30 | 5-6 | 6-7 | III+18-20 | 8-9 | III+6-7 |
| The red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis | 29-30 | 6-7 | 7-8 | III+16-17 | 8-9 | III+6-7 |
| Triploid crucian carp triangular bream | 29-30 | 6-7 | 7-8 | III+17-19 | 8-9 | III+6-7 |
| Tetraploid crucian carp triangular bream | 31-32 | 6-7 | 6-7 | III+17-20 | 8-9 | III+5-7 |
| Megalobrama amblycephala | 49-52 | 9-10 | 9-11 | III+8-9 | 8-10 | III+25-27 |
| Novel red crucian carp | 28-29 | 5-7 | 7-8 | III+15-16 | 8-9 | III6-7 |
| Novel blue or green crucian carp | 28-29 | 5-6 | 7-8 | III+16-17 | 89 | III+6-7 |
Annotate: III represents the number of hard fin ray
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: formation of the red crucian carp of gynogenesis diploid of natural amphoteric type and selfing form the schematic diagram of two kinds of crucians.
Fig. 2: a: common red crucian carp profile;
B: the red crucian carp profile of natural gynogenesis;
C: crucian carp triangular bream hybridization fish profile;
D: the novel blue or green crucian carp profile that the red crucian carp selfing of natural gynogenesis produces;
E: the novel red crucian carp profile that the red crucian carp selfing of natural gynogenesis produces.
Fig. 3: a: the red crucian carp chromosome of natural gynogenesis (2n=100);
B: the novel blue or green crucian carp chromosome (2n=100) that the red crucian carp selfing of natural gynogenesis produces;
C: the novel red crucian carp chromosome (2n=100) that the red crucian carp selfing of natural gynogenesis produces.
Fig. 4: a: the male red crucian carp spermary structure of natural gynogenesis;
B: the female red crucian carp ovarian structure of natural gynogenesis.
Embodiment
In mating season (the 4-5 month), choose female preferably red crucian carp of maturity (can extrude ovum) and the male preferably megalobrama amblycephala of maturity (can extrude white seminal fluid).To female red crucian carp and male megalobrama amblycephala injection external source gonadotropin (HCG) and external source luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog (LRH-A) mixed liquor.The injected dose of the female red crucian carp of per kilogram is: HCG600 international unit+LRH-A20 microgram; With respect to female red crucian carp, the injected dose of male megalobrama amblycephala reduces by half.From the 45 ° of injections of tilting of the no squama of pectoral fin base portion depression, preferably injection at twice, the first injection amount is that 1/5, the 2 pin of accumulated dose is injected surplus, be about 10 hours two pin blanking times.Whether father and mother originally put into same spawning pond, hang the sheet of throwing the net in the pond, be convenient to observe parent population and lay eggs.Generally injecting back about 10 hours at second pin is the drug effect time, and parent population begins to lay eggs, and should keep a close eye on and observe the parent population active situation.In case finding has the ovum grain on the net sheet, illustrate and begin to lay eggs, draw in the net immediately to check, ripe female parent (gently press fish belly portion, have ovum to flow out in a steady stream) is selected, select corresponding male parent simultaneously, adopt " artificial dry method insemination ", be about to that maternal health is dried gently and a ripe ovum is clamp-oned in the smooth anhydrous porcelain basin, simultaneously male parent testicular fluid is splashed in the ovum, make sperm fully contact with ovum with the goose feather stirring, the ovum that will be mixed with seminal fluid then is tiled on the net sheet that places the water surface uniformly.The circulating water environment hatching down that fertilized egg net sheet is placed on 20-21 ℃ of water temperature will be stained with.The about 3-4 of after fertilization days, the embryo began the fry that demoulding forms survival; Behind the fry energy autonomous swimming, put into the pond and raise, make regular check on the situations such as growth of experiment fish every month.The red crucian carp of natural female, male gynogenesis reached sexual maturity in 1 year.In mating season, the red crucian carp of female, male natural gynogenesis produces ripe ovum and The mature sperm respectively, and both are fertilized and form self progeny (its forming process is similar to the forming process of natural gynogenesis crucian).Two types of offsprings' that the red crucian carp of natural amphoteric gynogenesis and its selfing form cultivating process is seen Fig. 1.Red crucian carp (♀) * megalobrama amblycephala (
) distant hybrid progeny in, not only select tetraploid and triploid crucian carp triangular bream offspring, and selecting the red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis diploid that both sexes can be educated, proterties is good, the red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis produces two types of dliploid offsprings by selfing: 1) novel red crucian carp; 2) novel blue or green crucian carp.
After testing, red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis and self progeny's thereof chromosome number is consistent with common red crucian carp, all is 2n=100 (Fig. 3).
Sexual gland to red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis and self progeny thereof carries out the paraffin section observation, proves its ovotestis normal development, can form the both sexes gamete.Fig. 4 a is an IV phase spermary, has wherein produced mature sperm; Fig. 4 b is an III phase ovary, and wherein egg mother cell is grown normal.Two kinds of crucians that the red crucian carp self progeny of natural gynogenesis produces all have normal ovotestis, illustrate that this dliploid crucian can be handed down from age to age, and can form the blue or green crucian carp strain of novel diploid red crucian strain and novel dliploid respectively.Female-male proportion among red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis and the self progeny thereof was near 1: 1, and this can establish hereditary basis by genetic stability for them.
Above result of study proves absolutely that we utilize the distant hybridization technology creatively to induce the red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis that both sexes can be educated, and making its selfing form two kinds of novel crucian offsprings, this is for createing novel red crucian carp strain and blue or green crucian carp strain colony lays a good foundation.Above result of study also illustrates " the different smart effect " in the natural gynogenesis, has got important effect aspect organic evolution.The both sexes fertility of natural gynogenesis fishes and " different smart effect " but guaranteed reproductive ability and the variability of novel fish.Therefore red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis diploid and self progeny thereof be formed on organic evolution and fish genetic breeding aspect has important biological significance.
Claims (1)
1. induce the method that forms natural gynogenesis fishes for one kind, it is characterized in that utilizing sexually matured female red crucian carp and male megalobrama amblycephala to carry out distant hybridization, produce the red crucian carp of natural gynogenesis diploid that both sexes can be educated, proterties is good, the red crucian carp of described natural gynogenesis diploid has formed novel diploid red crucian and the blue or green crucian carp of novel dliploid by selfing.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101946738A (en) * | 2010-09-26 | 2011-01-19 | 湖南师范大学 | Method of hybridizing carassius cuvieri and red crucian varieties |
| CN102524138A (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2012-07-04 | 福建省水产研究所 | Breeding method for selfing prior to hybridizing of whiteleg shrimp populations |
| CN104488784A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-08 | 梁贺 | Breeding method for goldfishes |
| CN111183929A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-22 | 华中农业大学 | Erythroculter ilishaeformis induction pengze crucian gynogenesis method |
| CN111657186A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-09-15 | 湖南师范大学 | Method for cultivating natural gynogenesis megalobrama amblycephala |
| CN115735858A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-03-07 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | Method for efficiently creating sterile synthetic novel polyploid crucian |
-
2007
- 2007-09-26 CN CNB2007100358134A patent/CN100542402C/en active Active
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101946738A (en) * | 2010-09-26 | 2011-01-19 | 湖南师范大学 | Method of hybridizing carassius cuvieri and red crucian varieties |
| CN101946738B (en) * | 2010-09-26 | 2012-07-25 | 湖南师范大学 | Method of hybridizing carassius cuvieri and red crucian varieties |
| CN102524138A (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2012-07-04 | 福建省水产研究所 | Breeding method for selfing prior to hybridizing of whiteleg shrimp populations |
| CN104488784A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-08 | 梁贺 | Breeding method for goldfishes |
| CN111183929A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-22 | 华中农业大学 | Erythroculter ilishaeformis induction pengze crucian gynogenesis method |
| CN111657186A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-09-15 | 湖南师范大学 | Method for cultivating natural gynogenesis megalobrama amblycephala |
| CN111657186B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2022-02-18 | 湖南师范大学 | Method for cultivating natural gynogenesis megalobrama amblycephala |
| CN115735858A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-03-07 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | Method for efficiently creating sterile synthetic novel polyploid crucian |
| CN115735858B (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2024-04-19 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | Method for efficiently creating new polyploid crucian by sterility synthesis |
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