CN101120641A - Seedling budding method of micro-bud strips of rubber tree - Google Patents

Seedling budding method of micro-bud strips of rubber tree Download PDF

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CN101120641A
CN101120641A CNA2006101152473A CN200610115247A CN101120641A CN 101120641 A CN101120641 A CN 101120641A CN A2006101152473 A CNA2006101152473 A CN A2006101152473A CN 200610115247 A CN200610115247 A CN 200610115247A CN 101120641 A CN101120641 A CN 101120641A
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bud
seedling
rubber
budding
grafting
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CN101120641B (en
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陈雄庭
张秀娟
王颖
吴坤鑫
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Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
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Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于培育橡胶芽接树的优良芽条、籽苗砧木及其嫁接技术,特别涉及一种橡胶树微型芽条的籽苗芽接方法,本发明所通过花药培养结合离体微繁技术培育的橡胶微型芽条,芽条直径只有0.2厘米,芽眼小,侧芽密集,芽的利用率高。芽接时,芽片的木质部不需剥除,用之与展叶期前橡胶籽苗为砧木进行的芽接,芽接速度快,用这种芽条芽接培育出来的是幼态芽接树,生长更快、产量更高。本发明橡胶树微型芽条的籽苗芽接方法提供的微型芽条进行籽苗芽接所培育的是幼态无性系,不仅达到了缩短橡胶树芽接苗的培育周期的目的,而且比现有橡胶树籽苗芽接培育的老态无性系提高干胶产量10-30%、生长速度加快5%左右,可提早半年开割投产。The present invention relates to an excellent bud strip for cultivating rubber bud grafting trees, seedling rootstock and grafting technology thereof, in particular to a method for seedling bud grafting of rubber tree micro-bud strips, the invention adopts anther culture combined with in vitro micropropagation technology The cultivated rubber micro-bud strips have a diameter of only 0.2 cm, small bud eyes, dense side buds, and high bud utilization. When budding, the xylem of the bud sheet does not need to be stripped off, and it is used for budding with rubber seedlings before the leaf-expansion stage as the rootstock, and the budding speed is fast. The juvenile budding tree grown by budding with this kind of bud strips grows faster , Higher output. The seedling budding method provided by the micro-bud strips of the rubber tree of the present invention is a juvenile clone cultivated by the micro-bud strips for the seedling bud-grafting, which not only achieves the purpose of shortening the cultivation period of the rubber tree bud-grafting seedlings, but also has a better effect than the existing rubber tree seedling budding. The cultivated old clone can increase the dry rubber output by 10-30%, and the growth speed can be accelerated by about 5%, and can be cut and put into production half a year earlier.

Description

The budding method of rubber tree minitype budling
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of good budling, seedling stock and graft technology thereof that is used to cultivate rubber bud grafting tree, the budding method of particularly a kind of rubber tree minitype budling.
Background technology
Present bamboo grows budding method, the cultivation of budling is to carry out in the field, need bigger land area, in the production practices of bamboo grows budding, in the rubber seedling before the first fluffy true leaf leaf stretching period, bud grafting mouth position is selected on the flat horizontal surface of hypocotylar Lower Half, opening width with budding knife or scalpel is about 1/2 of stem week, be about 3-4 centimetre bud grafting mouth, about 2 centimetres on bud grafting mouth lower end ion leaf keeps about 1.5-2 centimetre abdomen capsule skin, in order to folder holder bud sheet, it is big that the budding method of existing budling is opened the bud grafting mouth, is unfavorable for the healing of bud grafting mouth.When getting the bud sheet, from bottom to up,, do not cut the bud sheet, remove bud sheet xylem, to finishing around the bud sheet, make the bud sheet be equal to or less than the bud grafting mouth then with pushing top process with the bud sheet of petiole.The bud sheet of band petiole is respectively carved a cutter with budding knife around eye, reach xylem deeply, takes out the bud sheet, to finishing around the bud sheet, makes the bud sheet be equal to or less than the bud grafting mouth then, also will repair petiole simultaneously, gets trouble of bud sheet and finishing bud sheet.Because budling is unbecoming with stock, the diameter of seedling stock is about 0.3 centimetre, the budling diameter is 0.5~1.2 centimetre, from diameter is that 0.5~1.2 centimetre of budling is got the bud sheet to receive diameter be on the seedling about 0.3 centimetre, but about experienced operator bud grafting 120 strains in a day, in the bud grafting operating process, there is the problem of getting bud, repairing many inconveniences such as bud.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the budding method of a kind of rubber tree minitype budling is provided, it is little to solve the seedling diameter, and the budling diameter is big, has promptly solved the unbecoming technical barrier that is difficult to bud grafting of budling and stock.
1, in order to achieve the above object, the object of the present invention is achieved like this: the budding method of rubber tree minitype budling, be used to cultivate budling, seedling stock and the graft technology thereof of rubber bud grafting tree, its step comprises: the cultivation of (1), stock, (2), the cultivation of miniature budling, (3), seedling is opened the bud grafting mouth, (4), miniature budling cuts the bud sheet, (5), bud grafting, (6), plant seedling, (7), separate and tie up and chipping, it is characterized in that: the budding method of rubber tree minitype budling, its step:
(1), in the nurturing period of stock, select fresh seeds and on casting bed vernalization 18-22 days, choose the about 20-30 of height of seedling centimetre seedling, in order to bud grafting;
(2), in the nurturing period of miniature budling, be explant with rubber flower pesticide, at the additional 2.4-D 0.5-1mg/l of MS minimal medium, kinetin 0.5-1mg/l, methyl 1-2mg/l, Sucus Cocois 5%, sucrose concentration are evoked callus on the medium of 70-100g/l; At the additional kinetin 0.2-1mg/l of MS minimal medium, methyl 0.1-0.2mg/l, Sucus Cocois 5%, active carbon 1g/l, sucrose concentration are inducing embryoid body on the medium of 70g/l; At the MS60-80% macroelement, double the additional kinetin 0.3-0.5mg/l of trace element, gibberellin 2mg/l, active carbon 1g/l, sucrose concentration induce flower pesticide somatic embryo plant on the medium of 50g/l; Cut lateral bud the flower pesticide somatic embryo plant and terminal bud is an explant from aseptic young age, at the additional 6-benzyl aminoadenine 2-3mg/l of MS minimal medium, methyl 0.1-0.2mg/l, sucrose concentration breed budling on the medium of 50-60g/l;
When (3), seedling is opened bud grafting mouth operation, be selected in before the first fluffy true leaf leaf stretching period of rubber seedling, hypocotylar Lower Half is flat, bud grafting mouth position is selected on the flat horizontal surface of hypocotylar Lower Half, opening width with medical surgical knife is about 1/3 of stem week, is about 1.3-1.5 centimetre bud grafting mouth, 1.5-2.0 centimetre on bud grafting mouth lower end ion leaf, keep about 0.5 centimetre abdomen capsule skin, in order to folder holder bud sheet;
When (4), miniature budling cuts bud sheet operation, 5 centimetres to 10 centimetres high of taking-ups, stem slightly are 0.15-0.25 centimetre from test tube, the budling that leaf is in growth stationary phase or has fallen leaves, cut the bud sheet with the medical operation blade from bottom to up with pushing top process, the xylem of bud sheet needn't be removed, in case of necessity the two ends of bud sheet are repaired a little and get final product, the length of bud sheet is 0.5-0.8 centimetre, whenever cuts a bud sheet and connects a strain immediately.
The beneficial effect of the budding method of rubber tree minitype budling of the present invention is: the miniature budling diameter that 1) the present invention used is littler than stock, carries out the budding service speed with miniature budling and can improve 30-50% than carrying out the budding service speed with existing budling.2) eye of Yun Yong miniature budling is many, budling availability height.3) under isolated condition, the speed of breeding miniature budling is for conventional more than 5 times of budling of breeding of producing, and is bigger to the rapid popularizing action of new cultivation or the new rubber new varieties of introducing.4) present technique provides the miniature budling that a kind of developmental stage is the juvenile form type, what bud grafting produced is the juvenile form clone, not only reached the purpose that shortens the cultivation period of bamboo grows budling, and with carry out the stereotype clone that budding cultivates with existing budling and compare, improve dried glue output 10-30%, growth rate and accelerate about 5%, can do sth. in advance half a year and open to cut operation.
Embodiment
For example the present invention is described in further detail below:
The nurturing period of stock: in the hevea seed mature period, collect fresh seeds and on casting bed vernalization 18-22 days, choose the about 20-30 of height of seedling centimetre and be in the seedling that is stretched to leaf stretching period, seedling is pulled up from casting bed, the sand of seedling basal part of stem and root is removed in the water flushing, and the seedling root is immersed in the container that fills shallow water, in order to bud grafting.
The nurturing period of miniature budling: is explant with rubber flower pesticide earlier, at the additional 2.4-D0.5-1mg/l of MS minimal medium, kinetin 0.5-1mg/l, methyl 1-2mg/l, Sucus Cocois 5%, sucrose concentration are evoked callus on the medium of 70-100g/l; At the additional kinetin 0.2-1mg/l of MS minimal medium, methyl 0.1-0.2mg/l, Sucus Cocois 5%, active carbon 1g/l, sucrose concentration are inducing embryoid body on the medium of 70g/l; At the MS60-80% macroelement, double trace element, additional kinetin 0.3-0.5mg/l, gibberellin 2mg/l, active carbon 1g/l, sucrose concentration are that inducing embryoid body is sprouted into the somatic embryo plant on the medium of 50g/l; Cut lateral bud the flower pesticide somatic embryo plant and terminal bud is an explant from aseptic young age again, at the additional 6-benzyladenine 2-3mg/l of MS minimal medium, methyl 0.1-0.2mg/l, sucrose concentration increase numerous budling on the medium of 50-60g/l.The cultivation of miniature budling is to carry out indoor, be batch production production, just can cultivate a large amount of miniature budlings with less space, miniature budling reproduction speed is for having the used budling reproduction speed of seeds of trees seedling bud grafting method now more than 5 times, this budling eye is many, budling availability height, but the technology that miniature budling is cultivated is complicated.
When seedling is opened bud grafting mouth operation; Before the first fluffy true leaf leaf stretching period of rubber seedling, hypocotylar Lower Half is flat, bud grafting mouth position is selected on the flat horizontal surface of hypocotylar Lower Half, opening width with medical surgical knife is about 1/3 of stem week, be about 1.3-1.5 centimetre bud grafting mouth, 1.5-2.0 centimetre on bud grafting mouth lower end ion leaf keeps about 0.5 centimetre abdomen capsule skin, in order to folder holder bud sheet; Because the budding bud grafting that method is opened of miniature budling is young, helps the healing of bud grafting mouth.
When miniature budling cut bud sheet operation: 5-10 centimetre high of taking-up, stem slightly were 0.15-0.25 centimetre from test tube, the budling that leaf is in growth stationary phase or has fallen leaves, cut the bud sheet with the medical operation blade from bottom to up with pushing top process, the xylem of bud sheet needn't be removed, in case of necessity the two ends of bud sheet are repaired a little and get final product, the length of bud sheet is 0.5-0.8 centimetre, whenever cuts a bud sheet and connects a strain immediately, and is very convenient.
Bud grafting: it is the material material that the plastic film food fresh keeping bag of a piece of wood serving as a brake to halt a carriage is arranged with commercially available softness, is cut into wide 0.8-1.0 centimetre, and the bundling belt that is about 15-20 centimetre is standby.The bud sheet is inserted on the bud grafting mouth, and the lower end of bud sheet by the holder of abdomen capsule leather wallet, bundlees from lower to upper with bundling belt.The seedling that bud grafting is good is re-applied in another container that fills shallow water, in order to planting seedling.The budding method difference of budding method of miniature budling and existing budling is: the former is because the bud sheet is less, and the bud sheet is easy to be attached on the bud grafting mouth, thereby binding is also easy; And the latter is thicker owing to the bud sheet, and the bud sheet is not easy to be attached on the bud grafting mouth, and binding must be very careful, otherwise can cause the bud sheet to drop in the binding process, and get the bud sheet, and finishing bud sheet is difficult.
Plant seedling: plant Miao Qianxian with wide 15 centimetres, it is standby that dark 30 centimetres plastic sack installs nutrition soil, to be a working cell per half a day, seedling plantation before each working cell time will finish that bud grafting is good is in plastic sack nutrition soil, drenched normal root water, later on every day trickle once, and sunshade is about 2 months.
Separate and tie up and chipping: separate after bud grafting 25-30 days and tie up, the seedling that bud grafting survives keeps 2 compound leaves of the first fluffy leaf, and with tender stem or terminal bud excision, after about 2 weeks, chipping below the first fluffy leaf can be sprouted about 15 to 20 days after the chipping above blade.2 compound leaves that also can keep the first fluffy leaf are until the stable chippings not of the back young leaves that sprouts, and the benefit of this method is that the blade of stock can continue as newly to sprout provides nutrient, and it is withered to prevent from newly to sprout back, but the reservation compound leaf, it is slower to sprout.
What the miniature budling that the budding method of rubber tree minitype budling of the present invention provides carried out that budding cultivates is the juvenile form clone, not only reached the purpose that shortens the cultivation period of bamboo grows budling, and than the stereotype clone that existing bamboo grows budding is cultivated improve dried glue output 10-30%, growth rate accelerates about 5%, can do sth. in advance half a year and open to cut operation.

Claims (1)

1.橡胶树微型芽条的籽苗芽接方法,用于培育橡胶芽接树的芽条、籽苗砧木及其嫁接技术,其步骤包括:(1)、砧木的培育,(2)、微型芽条的培育,(3)、籽苗开芽接口,(4)、微型芽条切取芽片,(5)、芽接,(6)、栽苗,(7)、解绑与切杆,其特征在于:橡胶树微型芽条的籽苗芽接方法,其步骤:1. The seedling budding method of rubber tree miniature bud bar, is used for cultivating the bud bar of rubber bud grafting tree, seedling rootstock and grafting technology thereof, and its step comprises: (1), the cultivation of stock, (2), the microbud bar Cultivate, (3), sprouting interface of seedlings, (4), cut bud slices from miniature bud strips, (5), bud grafting, (6), plant seedlings, (7), untie and cut stems, characterized in that: The seedling budding method of rubber tree miniature bud bar, its step: (1)、在砧木的培育期间,选新鲜种子并在砂床上催芽18-22天,选取苗高约20-30厘米的籽苗,以备芽接;(1), during the cultivation of rootstock, select fresh seed and accelerate germination on sand bed for 18-22 days, select the seedling of about 20-30 centimeters of seedling height, in order to prepare for bud grafting; (2)、在微型芽条的培育期间,以橡胶花药为外植体,在MS基本培养基附加2.4-D 0.5-1mg/l,激动素0.5-1mg/l,萘乙酸1-2mg/l,椰子水5%,蔗糖浓度为70-100g/l的培养基上诱导愈伤组织;在MS基本培养基附加激动素0.2-1mg/l,萘乙酸0.1-0.2mg/l,椰子水5%,活性炭1g/l,蔗糖浓度为70g/l的培养基上诱导胚状体;在MS60-80%大量元素,加倍微量元素,附加激动素0.3-0.5mg/l,赤霉素2mg/l,活性炭1g/l,蔗糖浓度为50g/l的培养基上诱导花药体细胞胚植株;从无菌的幼龄花药体细胞胚植株中切取侧芽和顶芽为外植体,在MS基本培养基附加6-苄氨基腺嘌呤2-3mg/l,萘乙酸0.1-0.2mg/l,蔗糖浓度为50-60g/l的培养基上繁殖芽条;(2), during the cultivation of micro-bud strips, use rubber anthers as explants, add 2.4-D 0.5-1mg/l, kinetin 0.5-1mg/l, naphthaleneacetic acid 1-2mg/l in MS basic medium , coconut water 5%, callus induced on medium with sucrose concentration of 70-100g/l; add kinetin 0.2-1mg/l, naphthaleneacetic acid 0.1-0.2mg/l, coconut water 5% in MS basic medium , activated charcoal 1g/l, sucrose concentration of 70g/l culture medium to induce embryoid bodies; in MS60-80% macroelements, double trace elements, additional kinetin 0.3-0.5mg/l, gibberellin 2mg/l, Activated carbon 1g/l, sucrose concentration is 50g/l culture medium to induce anther somatic embryo plant; Cut side bud and terminal bud from aseptic young anther somatic embryo plant as explant, add in MS basic medium 6-benzylaminoadenine 2-3mg/l, naphthalene acetic acid 0.1-0.2mg/l, sucrose concentration is 50-60g/l culture medium to propagate bud bar; (3)、籽苗开芽接口工序时,选在橡胶籽苗的第一蓬真叶展叶期以前,下胚轴的下半部呈扁平状,芽接口位置选在下胚轴的下半部的扁平面上,用医用手术刀开宽度为茎周的1/3左右,长约1.3-1.5厘米的芽接口,芽接口下端离子叶1.5-2.0厘米,保留0.5厘米左右的腹囊皮,以备夹托芽片;(3), during the seedling budding interface process, before the first fluffy true leaves of rubber seedlings are selected, the lower half of the hypocotyl is flat, and the bud interface position is selected at the lower half of the hypocotyl On the flat surface of the stem, use a medical scalpel to open a bud interface with a width of about 1/3 of the stem circumference and a length of about 1.3-1.5 cm. Prepare the bud holder; (4)、微型芽条切取芽片工序时,从试管中取出5-10厘米高、茎粗为0.15-0.25厘米,叶子处于生长稳定期或已落叶的芽条,用医用手术刀片以推顶法从下至上切取芽片,芽片的木质部不必去除,必要时对芽片的两端稍加修整即可,芽片的长度为0.5-0.8厘米,每切取一个芽片随即接一株。(4) During the process of cutting the bud slices from the micro-bud strips, take out the bud strips with a height of 5-10 cm and a stem thickness of 0.15-0.25 cm from the test tube. The method cuts the bud slices from bottom to top, the xylem of the bud slices does not need to be removed, and if necessary, the two ends of the bud slices can be slightly trimmed, the length of the bud slices is 0.5-0.8 cm, and each bud slice is cut and then connected to one plant.
CN2006101152473A 2006-08-11 2006-08-11 Seedling budding method for rubber tree minitype bud sticks Expired - Fee Related CN101120641B (en)

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CN102860221A (en) * 2012-07-14 2013-01-09 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 Rubber tree seedling cultivation method
CN103548582A (en) * 2013-11-01 2014-02-05 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 A kind of seedling cultivation method of bare root bud grafting of rubber seedlings
CN103743915A (en) * 2014-01-20 2014-04-23 云南省热带作物科学研究所 Identification method for high-quality seedling of rubber tree
CN103947448A (en) * 2014-05-20 2014-07-30 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 Method for increasing budding and growing consistency of bud grafting seedlings of rubber seeds
CN104429628A (en) * 2014-10-27 2015-03-25 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 Method for shortening flowering stage of rubber tree hybridization parents
CN104429628B (en) * 2014-10-27 2017-06-16 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 The method for shortening rubber tree hybrid strain florescence
CN105613062A (en) * 2016-03-22 2016-06-01 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 Rubber superior tree tender shoot grafting, rejuvenizing and seedling growing method
CN105746282B (en) * 2016-03-22 2018-07-27 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 Rubber tree budling nursery proliferation and rejuvenation thereafter and method for changing
CN107347557A (en) * 2017-08-01 2017-11-17 西双版纳丽欣农业科技有限责任公司 Rubber tree budling nursery is bred and rejuvenation thereafter and method for changing
CN107567848A (en) * 2017-10-19 2018-01-12 四川省林业科学研究院 A kind of walnut summer budding method
CN113383654A (en) * 2021-07-01 2021-09-14 云南省热带作物科学研究所 Passion flower micro bud seedling grafting method
CN118318622A (en) * 2024-05-17 2024-07-12 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 A method for cultivating rubber tree rootstock seedlings using seed axillary buds
CN118318622B (en) * 2024-05-17 2024-10-29 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 Method for cultivating rubber tree stock seedlings by adopting seed axillary buds
CN119836946A (en) * 2025-03-07 2025-04-18 云南省热带作物科学研究所 Method for improving survival rate of bud grafting of big rubber tree

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