CN101115890B - 具有改进的结构、声学和热性能的非织造织物 - Google Patents
具有改进的结构、声学和热性能的非织造织物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101115890B CN101115890B CN2005800395448A CN200580039544A CN101115890B CN 101115890 B CN101115890 B CN 101115890B CN 2005800395448 A CN2005800395448 A CN 2005800395448A CN 200580039544 A CN200580039544 A CN 200580039544A CN 101115890 B CN101115890 B CN 101115890B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- thermosphere
- sheet material
- fibre
- sound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 181
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 103
- 239000005439 thermosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- -1 acrylic ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002955 Art silk Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims 13
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims 13
- LCJHLOJKAAQLQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;ethane Chemical compound CC.CC(O)=O LCJHLOJKAAQLQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 229920006312 vinyl chloride fiber Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000012814 acoustic material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000035611 feeding Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920006223 adhesive resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004840 adhesive resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001467 acupuncture Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- NJVOHKFLBKQLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-ethenylphenyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NJVOHKFLBKQLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009950 felting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001609030 Brosme brosme Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920003313 Bynel® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004821 Contact adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005041 Mylar™ Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003300 Plexar® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000482237 Senegalia mellifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000021523 carboxylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006473 carboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenyl acetate Chemical group C=C.CC(=O)OC=C HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002344 fibroplastic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004750 melt-blown nonwoven Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004834 spray adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
- B29C70/086—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers and with one or more layers of pure plastics material, e.g. foam layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/504—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC] using rollers or pressure bands
- B29C70/506—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC] using rollers or pressure bands and impregnating by melting a solid material, e.g. sheet, powder, fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
- D04H1/4218—Glass fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
- D04H1/43828—Composite fibres sheath-core
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43835—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H5/04—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by applying or incorporating chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents in solid or liquid form
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H5/06—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by welding-together thermoplastic fibres, filaments, or yarns
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/36—Inorganic fibres or flakes
- D21H13/38—Inorganic fibres or flakes siliceous
- D21H13/40—Inorganic fibres or flakes siliceous vitreous, e.g. mineral wool, glass fibres
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/88—Insulating elements for both heat and sound
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/162—Selection of materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
- B29K2023/08—Copolymers of ethylene
- B29K2023/083—EVA, i.e. ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
- B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0207—Elastomeric fibres
- B32B2262/0215—Thermoplastic elastomer fibers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/12—Conjugate fibres, e.g. core/sheath or side-by-side
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/14—Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
- B32B2419/04—Tiles for floors or walls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2607/00—Walls, panels
- B32B2607/02—Wall papers, wall coverings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
- B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
- E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
提供形成多层绝缘材料(10)的方法,所述多层绝缘材料(10)由声音复合层(12)和第一热层(14)形成。声音和绝缘层由聚合物基热塑性材料和增强纤维形成。优选地,增强纤维是湿法应用的短切单纱玻璃纤维(WUCS)。可通过开松WUCS纤维,共混增强纤维与聚合物纤维,将增强纤维与聚合物纤维成形为片材,然后粘结该片材,从而形成声音复合层。然后,由一种或更多种聚合物基热塑性有机材料形成的第一热层位于声音复合层的第一主表面上。聚合物纤维中的第二热层(16)可任选地位于声音复合层的第二主表面上。可在半结构和声音应用中使用多层声音材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及声学产品,和更特别地涉及形成热和声学复合材料的方法,该复合材料包括聚合物基热塑性纤维和玻璃纤维的第一层和有机纤维的第二层。
背景技术
在其中希望减少来自外部来源噪音的各种场合中使用隔音材料。例如,隔音材料用于器具,例如降低发射到家庭周围区域内的声音的器具中,降低发动机的机械声音和路面噪音的机动车中,和减少由工件,例如由电话交换器,或者由办公设备操作产生的声音的办公建筑物中。在机动车中,绝缘材料还依赖于热屏蔽性能,以降低或防止热量从机动车的各种热源(例如,发动机、变速箱、废气等)传输到车辆的客舱中。隔音典型地依赖于声音吸收(也就是说,吸收入射声波的能力)和传输损失(也就是说,反射入射声波的能力)这二者,以提供充足的声音衰减。
常规的隔音材料包括诸如泡沫体、压缩纤维、玻璃纤维棉胎(batt)、毛毡,和纤维的非织造网幅(web),例如熔喷纤维之类的材料。当希望硬质绝缘材料时,通常使用一层或更多层绝缘层和一层或更多层硬质材料层的层压体。以下列出了常规的隔音材料的实例。
Olinger等人的美国专利No.5662981公开了一种模塑复合产品,它具有含增强纤维(例如,玻璃纤维和聚合物纤维)的树脂芯层和基本上不含增强纤维的树脂表面层。表面层可由热塑性或者热固性材料,例如聚四氟乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)或聚碳酸酯形成。
Patel等人的美国专利No.5886306公开了一种层状隔音网幅,它包括夹在熔喷或者纺粘热塑性纤维(例如聚丙烯)的层和薄膜、箔、纸张或者纺粘的热塑性纤维层之间的一系列纤维素纤维层。
Tilton等人的美国专利No.6669265公开了一种纤维材料,它具有蓬松、隔音部分和可充当水阻挡层的相对较高密度的表层。纤维材料包括聚酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、玻璃纤维、天然纤维及其混合物。
Nakamura等人的美国专利No.6695939公开了一种内部装饰(trim)材料,它由基底和粘结到基底上的表层形成。基底是热塑性材料和无机纤维的共混物的垫子类纤维结构。表层是由熔点高于基底内热塑性纤维熔点的纤维形成的高熔点纤维片材。高熔点纤维可以是聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)纤维。
Tilton等人的美国专利公布No.2003/0039793A1公开了一种用于车辆的装饰面板绝缘体,它包括聚合物纤维的非层压的隔音和隔热层。该绝缘体也可包括聚合物纤维的相对高密度的非层压表层,和/或由聚酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、人造丝、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯、聚氯乙烯、纤维稀松布、金属箔及其混合物形成的一层或更多层面层。
Tilton的美国专利公布No.2004/0002274A1公开了一种层压体材料,它包括(1)由聚酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、玻璃纤维、天然纤维、尼龙、人造丝及其共混物形成的基层,和(2)面层。基层的密度为约0.5-15.Opcf,和面层的密度介于约10pcf至约100pcf。
Tilton等人的美国专利公布No.2004/0023586A1和Block等人的美国专利公布No.2003/0008592公开了一种纤维毛毯材料,它具有由聚酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、玻璃纤维、天然纤维、尼龙和/或人造丝形成的第一纤维层,和熔喷聚丙烯纤维层。第二纤维层可夹在第一纤维层和熔喷纤维层之间。可调整该毛毯材料以提供声音衰减用于特定的产品应用。
Schmidt等人的美国专利公布No.2004/0077247公开了一种非织造层压体,它含有由平均纤度小于约1.8dpf的热塑性纺粘长丝形成的第一层,和含有平均纤度大于约2.3dpf的热塑性多组分纺粘长丝的第二层。该层压体的结构使得第一层的密度大于第二层的密度和第二层的厚度大于第一层的厚度。
尽管在现有技术中存在许多隔音产品,但现有的绝缘产品无一提供用于机动车应用的充足的结构性能。因此,需要显示出优异声音衰减性能、改进的结构和热性能且轻质和成本低的隔音材料。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供可在声音和半结构应用中使用的多层复合材料。该多层复合材料由声音复合层和第一热层形成。形成声音复合层的纤维材料包括聚合物基热塑性材料,例如聚酯和聚丙烯和增强纤维,例如玻璃纤维。纤维材料可含有40-60%的玻璃纤维。第一热层位于声音复合层的第一主表面上。形成第一热层的纤维材料包括例如在声音复合层中存在的聚合物基热塑性有机材料。在优选的实施方案中,第一热层由100%的聚合物纤维形成。然而,可以包括双组分纤维成为以全部纤维10-80%的用量形成第一热层的一种纤维材料的组分形式。可使用一类或更多类聚合物材料形成第一热层。聚合物材料可具有不同的长度和直径。第二热层可任选地置于声音复合层的第二主表面上。声音复合层和第一与第二层可以是无规取向的纤维的非织造垫子,且可通过气流成网、湿法成网或者熔喷工艺形成。
本发明另一目的是提供形成由声音复合层和第一热层形成的热和声音复合材料的方法。声音复合层由热塑性聚合物纤维和增强纤维的混合物形成,和热层完全由热塑性聚合物纤维形成。在第一热层内的热塑性聚合物纤维可以与存在于声音复合层内的热塑性聚合物纤维相同或者不同。
在优选的实施方案中,增强纤维是湿法应用的短切单纱玻璃纤维。湿法增强纤维典型地以单根玻璃纤维的捆扎、包装或成束形式聚集。为了形成声音复合层,开松(open)湿法增强纤维,并除去在湿法增强纤维内存在的至少一部分水。在至少一个例举的实施方案中,成束的湿法增强纤维被喂料到第一开松机内,所述第一开松机至少部分开松束纤并使湿法增强纤维长丝化。第一开松机然后将开松的成束湿法增强纤维喂料到冷凝器中,从湿法增强纤维中除去水。增强纤维然后任选可转移到第二开松机中,在此进一步长丝化并分离增强纤维。可通过使聚合物纤维经过开松机,从而开松热塑性聚合物纤维。开松机可以是松包机,例如本领域公知的松包机。
然后例如通过在气流内一起混合纤维,从而共混增强纤维和热塑性聚合物纤维。增强纤维和聚合物纤维的共混混合物然后可转移到至少一个片材成形机中,在此将纤维形成为片材。然后可对片材进行针织工艺,其中通过片材中的纤维推动钩针,缠结增强纤维和聚合物纤维。片材可穿过热粘合机,热粘结增强纤维和聚合物纤维并形成声音复合层。第一热层然后固定到声音复合层的第一主表面上。
本发明再一目的是提供形成纤维聚合物垫子的方法。在这一方法中,没有使用增强纤维。通过使束纤分别穿过第一和第二开松机,从而开松第一聚合物纤维束和第二聚合物纤维束。开松的第一和第二聚合物纤维然后共混并例如通过鼓风机(blower)单元转移到片材成形机中。可将片材传输到针刺加工装置中以供机械加强。可在使片材穿过热粘合机和/或机械针刺器(needler)之前添加粘合剂树脂。可通过本领域技术人员已知的任何合适的方式添加粘合剂树脂。所得纤维聚合物垫子可用作第一热层,以及缓冲绝缘体、地毯下方的垫子,和用于机动车的装饰面板内。
本发明的优点是,提供所需声音性能所需的循环时间、材料和劳动力成本的下降。由于多层复合材料的结构和热性能得到改进,因此不需要象常规方式一样,添加辅助材料到最终的声音部件中,以实现所需的声音衰减、结构或绝缘能力。省去这些辅助材料会降低形成用于机动车和RV的内部声音和结构面板所需的材料量,并省去制造步骤,于是增加总的生产率并降低循环时间。
本发明另一目的是,通过改变在声音和后面的绝缘和热层中纤维的重量,或者通过改变每一层内纤维的类型,该热和声音复合材料可优化特定产品应用所需的性能。另外,通过改变聚合物纤维的基本重量和/或声音复合材料内的玻璃纤维含量,从而可控制所形成的复合部件的厚度,所形成的复合部件的孔隙度(例如,孔隙含量),和气流路径。
本发明进一步的优点是,可在一步工艺中模塑或者模切热与声音复合材料,形成所需的声音、半结构最终部件。
本发明的再一优点是,当湿法应用的短切单纱玻璃纤维用作增强纤维材料时,可在很少产生静电的情况下,容易地开松玻璃纤维并纤维化,这是由于在玻璃纤维内的湿气导致的。另外,与干法短切的纤维相比,湿法应用的短切单纱玻璃纤维的制造不那么昂贵,这是因为在被短切之前,干燥纤维典型地在单独的步骤中干燥并包装。因此,使用湿法应用的短切单纱玻璃纤维使得可在较低成本下制造复合产品。
考虑到下文的详细说明,本发明的前述和其它目的、特征和优点将更加充分地显而易见。然而,清楚地要理解,附图仅仅用于例举目的,且不解释为确定本发明的范围。
附图说明
考虑到本发明的下述详细公开内容,特别是结合附图,本发明的优点将变得显而易见,其中:
图1是根据本发明的至少一个例举的实施方案,由声音复合层和热层形成的复合材料的示意图;
图2是根据本发明的一个方面,在干法成网的工艺中使用湿法增强纤维步骤的流程图;
图3是根据本发明的至少一个例举的实施方案,使用湿法应用的短切单纱玻璃纤维的气流成网工艺形成声音复合层的示意图;
图4是根据本发明的至少一个例举的实施方案,使用两类聚合物纤维的气流成网工艺形成第一热层的示意图;和
图5是根据本发明的至少一个例举的实施方案,在声音复合层的第一和第二表面上包括热层的复合材料的示意图。
具体实施方式
除非另有说明,此处所使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属领域的普通技术人员通常所理解的含义相同。尽管与此处所述的那些类似或者相同的任何方法和材料可在本发明的实践或试验中使用,但此处描述优选的方法和材料。此处引证的所有参考文献,其中包括公布或者相应的国外专利申请,授权的国外专利,或者任何其它参考文献,每一篇均在此通过参考全文引入,其中包括在所引证的参考文献内列出的所有数据、表格、附图和正文。
在附图中,为了清楚起见,可放大线、层和区域的厚度。要理解,当诸如层、区域、基底或者面板之类的元件被称为在另一元件“上(on)”时,它可直接在其它元件上或者可存在插入的元件。此处仅仅为了说明的目的使用术语“顶部”、“底部”、“侧面”和类似术语。要注意,在整个附图中发现的相同的数字表示相同的元件。术语“片材”、“垫子”、“面网”和“网幅”在本文中可以互换使用。
本发明涉及多层声音材料,它由(1)含聚合物基热塑性材料(例如,聚丙烯)和增强纤维(例如,玻璃纤维)的第一复合层,和(2)有机纤维(例如,聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯)的第二层形成。可在许多非结构的声音应用,例如在器具、在办公隔离和隔板、在天花板瓷砖、在建筑面板和在半结构应用,例如在机动车(例如,headliner、机罩衬里、地板衬里、装饰面板、小件行李架、太阳眼镜、仪器面板结构、门的衬里和类似物)中,以及在娱乐车辆(RV)的壁板和屋顶面板中使用这一多层复合材料。
图1示出了由声音复合层12和第一热层14形成的多层热和声音复合材料10。要理解,此处为了讨论的简便性,使用声音复合层12和第一热层14的术语,且声音复合层12和第一热层二者均提供隔音和隔热性能。另外,至少声音复合层12提供给最终的声音产品以结构或者半结构性能。
形成声音复合层12的纤维材料包括聚合物基热塑性材料,例如,但不限于,聚酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯/氯乙烯(EVA/VC)纤维、丙烯酸低级烷酯聚合物纤维、丙烯腈聚合物纤维、部分水解的聚乙酸乙烯酯纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮纤维、苯乙烯丙烯酸酯纤维、聚烯烃、聚酰胺、聚硫醚、聚碳酸酯、人造丝、尼龙及其混合物。因此,一种或更多种聚合物可存在于声音复合层12内。优选地,聚合物纤维的长度为约6-75mm,和更优选长度为18-50mm。另外,聚合物纤维可具有3-30旦的重量/长度,和优选具有3-7旦的重量/长度。在声音复合层12内,热塑性聚合物纤维可具有可变的长度(例如,长径比)和直径。聚合物纤维可以以40-80wt%的用量存在于声音复合层12内,和优选以40-60wt%的用量存在。
可用酸性基团官能化聚合物纤维,例如通过用酸,例如马来酸或者丙烯酸羧化,或者可通过添加酸酐基团或者乙酸乙烯酯,官能化聚合物纤维。聚合物热塑性材料可以是薄片、颗粒或者粉末形式,而不是聚合物纤维形式。除了聚合物纤维以外,还可添加薄片、颗粒和/或粉末形式的树脂。
另外,形成声音复合层12的纤维材料包括增强纤维,例如,但不限于,玻璃纤维、天然纤维、金属纤维、陶瓷纤维、矿物纤维、碳纤维、石墨纤维或其结合,以满足特定应用的特定性能要求。优选地,增强纤维材料是玻璃纤维。任何类型的玻璃纤维,例如A-型玻璃纤维、C-型玻璃纤维、E-型玻璃纤维、S-型玻璃纤维或其改性物可作为增强纤维材料包括在声音复合层12内。结合本发明使用的术语“天然纤维”是指从植物的任何部分,其中包括,但不限于,茎、种子、叶子、根或者韧皮中提取的植物纤维。适合于用作增强纤维材料的天然纤维的实例包括棉、黄麻、竹子、苎麻、亚麻、大麻及其结合物。
纤维材料可含有20-60%,和优选40-60%的天然纤维、玻璃纤维或者其它增强纤维。增强纤维的直径范围可以是约11-25微米,和长度为约10-100毫米。在优选的实施方案中,增强纤维的直径为12-18微米和长度为25-50毫米。关于热塑性聚合物纤维,在声音复合层12内,增强纤维可具有可变的长度和直径。
声音复合层12可由无规取向的热塑性纤维和玻璃纤维的气流成网、湿法成网或者熔喷非织造垫子或者网幅形成。在至少一个例举的实施方案中,通过湿法成网工艺形成声音复合层12。例如,短切玻璃纤维和热塑性纤维可分散在含有粘合剂以及分散剂、粘度改性剂、消泡剂和/或其它化学试剂的水溶液中,并搅拌形成淤浆。位于淤浆内的热塑性纤维和玻璃纤维然后可沉积在移动的筛网上,于是除去水形成垫子。任选地,在烘箱中干燥该垫子。然后可将该垫子浸渍在粘合剂组合物内,在此粘合剂浸渍垫子、然后干燥垫子,除去任何残留的水,并固化粘合剂。所得非织造垫子(例如,声音复合层12)是分散的热塑性纤维和玻璃长丝的组件。
或者,可通过使用在标题为“Development Of ThermoplasticComposites Using Wet Use Chopped Strand Glass In A Dry LaidProcess(在干法成网工艺中,使用湿法应用的短切单纱玻璃纤维开发热塑性复合材料)”、Enamul Haque的母案申请,美国专利公布No.2005-0082721中所描述和公开的湿法应用的短切单纱玻璃纤维(WUCS),形成声音复合层12。通常如图2所示的这一方法包括开松增强纤维和聚合物(树脂)纤维(步骤100),共混增强纤维和树脂纤维(步骤110),将增强纤维和树脂纤维形成为片材(步骤120),任选地针织该片材,得到片材的结构完整度(步骤130),和热粘结片材(步骤140)。
现转到图3,可最好地看到湿法增强纤维和聚合物纤维的开松。尽管图3描述了湿法应用的短切单纱玻璃纤维(WUCS),一种优选的湿法增强纤维的开松,但可在所示的工艺中使用本领域的技术人员公认的任何合适的湿法增强纤维。湿法增强纤维,例如在本发明中所使用的那些,典型地以单根玻璃纤维的捆扎、包装或成束形式聚集。此处所使用的术语“束(bundle)”是指湿法增强纤维的任何类型的聚集,这是本领域的普通技术人员容易识别和理解的。可通过本领域已知的常规工艺形成用作增强纤维的湿法应用的短切单纱玻璃纤维。优选地,湿法应用的短切单纱玻璃纤维的含湿量为5-30%,和更优选含湿量为5-15%。
为了开松湿法应用的短切单纱玻璃纤维,WUCS玻璃纤维200(它典型地为单根玻璃纤维的捆扎、包装或成束形式)被喂料到第一开松机210内,它至少部分开松和长丝化(例如逐一分开)WUCS玻璃纤维200。第一开松机210然后可计量或者供料WUCS玻璃纤维200到冷凝器220中,在此从WUCS玻璃纤维200中除去水。在例举的实施方案中,大于70%的游离水,例如在玻璃纤维外部的水被除去。然而,优选基本上所有的水通过冷凝器220被除去。应当注意,此处所使用的措辞“基本上所有的水”是指所有或者几乎所有的游离水被除去。
一旦WUCS玻璃纤维200穿过冷凝器220,则WUCS玻璃纤维200然后可穿过第二开松机230。第二开松机230进一步长丝化并分开WUCS玻璃纤维200。
为了开松聚合物纤维240,聚合物纤维240可穿过第三开松机250,在此开松并长丝化聚合物纤维240。在其中树脂为薄片、颗粒或者粉末形式的替代的实施方案中,第三开松机250可用适合于分配聚合物纤维240到鼓风机单元260的装置替代以供与WUCS玻璃纤维200混合。本领域的技术人员可容易地确定合适的装置。在其中除了聚合物纤维240以外,还使用薄片、颗粒或粉末形式的树脂的实施方案中,分配薄片、颗粒或粉末的装置没有替代第三松包机250。或者,可在热粘合机290内热粘结之前,除了聚合物纤维240,或者替代它,还可添加树脂粉末、薄片或者颗粒。
取决于声音复合层12的所需组成,可通过额外的开松机(未示出)开松并长丝化其它类型的纤维,例如短切粗纱、干法应用的短切单纱玻璃纤维(DUCS)、A-型、C-型、E-型或S-型玻璃纤维、天然纤维(例如,黄麻、大麻和洋麻)、芳族聚酰胺纤维、金属纤维、陶瓷纤维、矿物纤维、碳纤维、石墨纤维、聚合物纤维或其结合物。在鼓风机单元260内,这些纤维可加入到气流中,并与以下相对于聚合物纤维240所述的WUCS玻璃纤维200混合。当添加这种纤维时,优选约10-30%气流内的纤维由这些额外的纤维组成。
第一、第二和第三开松机(210,230,250)优选是松包机,但可以是适合于开松湿法增强纤维束的任何类型的开松机。开松机的设计取决于待开松的纤维的类型和物理特性。在本发明中使用的合适的开松机包括具有或者不具有称重装置的任何常规的标准类型的松包机。松包机可配有各种微细的开松机,且可任选地含有一个或更多个刺辊转鼓或者锯齿转鼓。松包机可配有喂料辊,或者喂料辊与撑杆的结合。冷凝器220可以是本领域公知的任何已知的干燥或者除水装置,例如,但不限于,风干器、烘箱、辊、抽吸泵、加热的转鼓式干燥器、红外加热源、热空气鼓风机或者微波发射源。
在WUCS玻璃纤维200和聚合物纤维240开松并长丝化之后,可将它们转移到鼓风机单元260内,在此WUCS玻璃纤维200和聚合物纤维240在气流内一起共混(图2的步骤110)。然后通过来自鼓风机单元260的气流将共混的WUCS玻璃纤维200和聚合物纤维240转移到第一片材成形机270中,在此纤维形成为片材(图2的步骤120)。在本发明的一个例举的实施方案中,开松的WUCS玻璃纤维200和聚合物纤维240从鼓风机单元260转移到纬纱箱式塔(filling box tower)265内,将WUCS玻璃纤维200和聚合物纤维240例如通过电子称重装置,以体积计喂料到第一片材成形机270内。纬纱箱式塔265可位于第一片材成形机270内或者它可位于第一片材成形机270外部。另外,纬纱箱式塔265可包括挡板进一步共混并混合WUCS玻璃纤维200和聚合物纤维240,之后进入第一片材成形机270。
或者,共混的WUCS玻璃纤维200和聚合物纤维240被吹到用细金属丝或者齿状物覆盖的一个转鼓或者一系列转鼓上,将纤维精梳成平行的多列,之后进入第一片材成形机270(未示出),与在梳理工艺中一样。
在至少一个例举的实施方案中,通过第一片材成形机270形成的片材被转移到第二片材成形机275中。第二片材成形机275允许片材具有WUCS玻璃纤维200和聚合物纤维240的基本上均匀的分布。另外,第二片材成形机275允许声音复合层12具有高的结构完整度。特别地,所形成的声音复合层12可具有100-3000g/m2的重量分布,且优选重量分布范围为约600-2000g/m2。
第一和第二片材成形机270、275可包括至少一个具有2-4个筛网转鼓的刺辊转鼓。取决于所使用的增强纤维,第一和第二片材成形机270、275可配有一个或更多个下述配置:冷凝器、分配传输机、粉末撒播机(strewer)和/或小片撒播机。典型地使用具有冷凝器和分配传输机的片材成形机,以实现较高的纤维喂料到纬纱箱式塔265内和增加体积的空气通过纬纱箱式塔265。为了实现开松纤维的改进的交叉分配,分配器传输机可在片材方向的横向上运转。结果,在很少或者不具有压力的情况下,开松的纤维从冷凝器转移并进入纬纱箱式塔265内。
流出第一片材成形机270和第二片材成形机275的片材可任选地进行针织工艺,其中针通过片材中的纤维推动,以缠结WUCS玻璃纤维200和聚合物纤维240(图2的步骤130)。可在针刺制毡装置280内发生针织工艺。针刺制毡装置280可包括网幅供料装置、具有针板的针板横梁、数量范围为约500/米-约7500/米机械宽度的钩刺制毡针、上托板、托板和卷取装置。通过使钩刺制毡针反复进出片材,从而实现WUCS玻璃纤维200和聚合物纤维240的机械连结。本领域的技术人员可容易地确定与为在本发明方法中使用而选择的特定增强纤维和聚合物纤维一起使用的最佳针的选择。
或者在片材形成步骤120(图2)之后,或者在任选的针刺步骤130(图2)之后,可使片材穿过热粘合机290,热粘结WUCS玻璃纤维200和聚合物纤维240。在热粘结中,利用聚合物纤维的热塑性性能,一旦加热,则与增强纤维(例如,WUCS玻璃纤维200)形成粘结体。热粘合机190可包括本领域公知的任何已知的加热和粘结方法,例如烘箱粘结、使用强制通风的烘箱粘结、红外加热、热压延、带式压延、超声粘结、微波加热和加热转鼓。任选地,可结合使用两种或更多种这些粘结方法,将WUCS玻璃纤维200和聚合物纤维240粘结成片材。热粘合机290的温度范围可以是约100℃-约250℃,这取决于所使用的特定聚合物纤维的熔点。
尽管可利用聚合物纤维240的热塑性性能粘结WUCS玻璃纤维200和聚合物纤维240,但可将单一组分的粘结纤维、双组分的粘结纤维和/或粉化的聚合物加入到片材中,以进一步粘结WUCS玻璃纤维200和聚合物纤维240。这种纤维的典型实例包括聚酯纤维、聚乙烯纤维和聚丙烯-聚乙烯纤维。可在鼓风机单元260内,在起始共混WUCS玻璃纤维200和聚合物纤维240的过程中添加这种纤维。
在片材引出或者第一片材成形机270或者第二片材成形机275之后,增加片材强度可使用的另一方法是化学粘结。在化学粘结中,施加粘合剂到片材或者网幅上,以粘结增强纤维和树脂纤维。液体基粘合剂、粉化粘合剂、泡沫体,和在一些情况下,有机溶剂可用作化学粘合剂。若粘合剂为粉化或者薄片形式,则可在片材进入热粘合机290内之前,将它加入到片材中。化学粘合剂的合适实例包括,但不限于,丙烯酸酯聚合物和共聚物,苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物,乙酸乙烯酯乙烯共聚物,及其结合物。例如,聚乙酸乙烯酯(PVA)、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯/氯乙烯(EVA/VC)、丙烯酸低级烷酯聚合物、丁苯橡胶、丙烯腈聚合物、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、聚氯乙烯、聚偏氯乙烯,和偏氯乙烯与其它单体的共聚物,部分水解的聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚酯树脂和苯乙烯丙烯酸酯可用作粘合剂。可通过浸渍、涂布或者喷洒片材,均匀地施加化学粘合剂。当含有粘合剂的片材穿过热粘合机290时,粘合剂进一步粘结WUCS玻璃纤维200和聚合物纤维240。尽管引发化学粘结的温度要求通常低于热粘结增强纤维和树脂纤维的温度要求,但化学粘结工艺不如热粘结工艺理想,这是因为它要求除去过量的粘合剂和进一步干燥片材。
形成第一热层14的纤维材料包括聚合物基热塑性有机材料,例如,但不限于,聚酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚烯烃、聚酰胺、聚硫醚、聚碳酸酯及其混合物。可使用一类或更多类聚合物材料形成第一热层14。形成第一热层14的聚合物可具有相同或者不同的长度和/或直径。例如,第一热层14可由其中聚合物纤维具有不同长度和/或直径的单一聚合物纤维材料(例如,PET)形成。作为另一实例,第一热层14可由两种或更多种不同的聚合物形成,其中每一聚合物可具有相同的长度和直径,或者聚合物可具有不同的长度和/或直径。可通过改变聚合物纤维的长度和纤度,微细地调整复合产品的声音行为。另外,可改变存在于第一热层14内的聚合物纤维材料之比,以实现特定的声音性能。在第一热层14内的聚合物纤维的直径可以是约2-30旦,优选3-7旦,且长度可以是6-75mm,优选18-50mm。在优选的实施方案中,在第一热层14内聚合物纤维的长度基本上与在声音复合层12内存在的增强纤维的长度相同。
另外,第一热层14中的纤维材料可包括可热熔融的纤维,例如双组分纤维。双组分纤维包括结合的两种聚合物,以形成具有一种聚合物的芯和周围另一聚合物的壳的纤维。当双组分纤维用作第一热层12中的组分时,双组分纤维可以以全部纤维的10-80%的用量存在。
第一热层14是非织造垫子,它可通过气流成网、湿法成网或者熔喷法形成,且所需地由100%的聚合物基热塑性材料,例如以上所述的那些形成。优选地,通过气流成网工艺形成第一热层14。例如,可通过在熔融器或者模头内熔融聚合物材料,并通过多个孔隙挤出该熔融聚合物材料,形成连续长丝,从而制造热塑性纤维的气流成网垫子。当聚合物长丝引出孔隙时,它们被直接引入到高速气流内,所述高速气流将拉细长丝并形成离散、单独的聚合物纤维。然后可冷却该聚合物纤维,并在移动空气可渗透的传输机或者筛网上收集,形成第一热层14。
图4示出了在干法成网工艺中,使用两种聚合物纤维形成第一热层14的一个例举的实施方案。要理解,可使用额外的聚合物纤维,形成第一热层14和图4中两种聚合物纤维的描述仅仅是例举。可通过使典型地单根纤维的捆扎、包装或成束形式的第一聚合物纤维300和第二聚合物纤维400分别穿过第一开松机210和第二开松机410,从而开松第一聚合物纤维300和第二聚合物纤维400。第一聚合物纤维300和第二聚合物纤维400可以相同或者不同,且可具有如上所述彼此不同的长度和/或直径。然后通过鼓风机单元260输送聚合物纤维300、400到第一片材成形机270中。或者,第一和第二聚合物纤维300、400可传输到纬纱箱式塔265中,以体积计将第一和第二聚合物纤维300、400喂料到第一片材成形机270中。引出片材成形机270的片材然后可任选地传输到第二片材成形机(未示出)中和/或针刺制毡装置280(未示出)中以供机械加强。
可在使片材穿过热粘合机290之前,添加粘合剂树脂350。可通过任何合适的方式,例如溢流和提取方法,或者通过在片材上喷洒粘合剂树脂350,从而添加粘合剂树脂350。可使用能粘结聚合物纤维300、400的任何粘合剂树脂。合适的实例包括单一和双组分的纤维或者粉末。此外,所添加的粘合剂的用量可根据所需垫子的类型而变化。然后使片材穿过热粘合机290,固化粘合剂树脂350并提供给聚合物纤维300、400以结构完整度。或者,可使用催化剂例如氯化铵、对甲苯、磺酸、硫酸铝、磷酸铵或硝酸锌,改进固化速度和固化的粘合剂树脂的质量。
第一热层14位于声音复合层12的主表面上,且可例如通过辊隙系统或者通过使用层压机,与声音复合层12相连。另外,可使用树脂衔接层,例如PlexarTM(商购于Quantum Chemical)、AdmerTM(商购于Mitsui Petrochemical)和BynelTM(商购于DuPont的酸酐改性的聚烯烃)、喷洒(spray-on)粘合剂、压敏粘合剂、超声、振动焊接或者其它常用的固定技术,将两层热塑性层保持在一起。优选第一热层14与声音复合层12在线相连,以改进制造效率。
任选地,第二热层16可位于声音复合层12的第二主表面上,如图5所示。第二热层16由100%的热塑性有机聚合物,例如以上相对于第一热层14所述的那些形成,且可以相同或者不同于第一热层14。形成第二热层16所使用的聚合物基热塑性、有机材料的非限制性实例包括聚酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚烯烃、聚酰胺、聚硫醚、聚碳酸酯及其结合物。第二热层16可通过辊隙系统,通过层压机,或者通过树脂衔接层,例如以上所述的那些,粘结到声音和隔绝层12上。
另外,声音复合材料10也可包括在一层或两层热层14、16上的面层(未示出)。面层可以是膜的形式,例如乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA),或者它可以是由合成聚合物形成的纺织品织物,所述合成聚合物例如,但不限于,聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)或尼龙。另外,面层可以是乙烯基、皮革或者纸张基面层。面层可辅助改变声音复合材料10的声音性能,以便可调整它,以满足特定应用的需要。另外,取决于面层的材料,面层可改进声音复合材料10的物理性能,例如但不限于,水渗透性或者不可渗透性、耐磨性和/或耐热性。
可或者在线,亦即以连续的方式,或者在单独的步骤中进行制造声音复合层12、第一热层14和任选的第二热层16的方法。优选地,在线进行该工艺。而且,任何额外的工艺步骤,例如添加专门的膜、装饰物和/或织物被视为在本发明的范围内。
可在强制通风、对流或者红外烘箱中加热声音复合材料10,引起声音复合层12和第一热层14蓬松或者膨胀。然后可在一步的工艺中,模塑(例如,热成形或者热冲压)蓬松的热和声音复合材料10,或者在具有或不具有表面材料的情况下,模切,形成所需的声音、半结构最终部件,例如headliner、机罩衬里、地板衬里、装饰面板、小件行李架、太阳眼镜、仪器面板结构、门的衬里,或娱乐车辆的壁板和屋顶面板。
本发明的热和声音复合材料10降低提供所需声音性能所需的循环时间、材料和劳动力成本。例如,当常规地制造声音内部面板或者负载地板时,额外的材料层,例如棉纤维的长弹毛或聚合物纤维基垫子可加入到面板中,以降低在旅客隔室内的噪音。由于复合材料10高的声音性能,因此不需要添加辅助的材料到最终的声音部件(例如,内部装饰面板或者headliner)中,以实现所需的声音衰减。另外,在常规的结构应用,例如娱乐车辆的内侧壁中,在侧面板的后方添加泡沫体,以增加绝缘能力。由于复合材料10改进的结构和热性能,因此不需要使用这种泡沫体。省去这些辅助材料将降低形成用于机动车和RV的这种内部声音和结构面板所需的材料量,并省去制造步骤(亦即,安装辅助材料),于是增加总的生产率并降低循环时间。
另外,在产品的制造过程中,通过改变不同层内纤维的重量,通过改变玻璃纤维的含量和/或玻璃纤维的长度或直径,通过改变聚合物纤维的长度或纤度,或者通过改变每一层内纤维的配方,热和声音复合材料10提供优化特定应用所需性能的能力。通过改变聚合物纤维的基本重量和/或热和声音复合材料10内的玻璃纤维含量,从而可控制所形成的复合部件的厚度、所形成的复合部件的孔隙度(例如,孔隙含量)和气流路径。例如增加热和声音复合材料10的重量和玻璃纤维含量,可增加最终的声音部件的厚度,这反过来可增加最终产品的孔隙度。另外,可在气流成网工艺中指向性地定位在声音复合层12内玻璃纤维的方向,以改变气流路径并实现所需的声音性能,或者调整复合材料10,以满足特定应用的需要。典型地,在X-Y方向上层铺玻璃纤维。然而,给层12、14添加z-相会增加抗流动性并改进声音吸收性能。
复合材料10形成显示出改进的结构和热性能的最终产品。尽管不希望束缚于任何理论,但认为最终部件的改进的结构性能(例如,弯曲和拉伸性能)归因于在声音复合层12内不同物理性能的聚合物纤维和玻璃纤维的各种结合(例如,长度和直径)。还认为最终部件的改进的热性能可归因于在热层14内的聚合物纤维。热层14提供改进的最终使用温度能力(例如,热偏移温度)和声音性能。
本发明的优点是当湿法应用的短切单纱玻璃纤维用作增强纤维材料时,可在很少产生静电的情况下,容易地开松玻璃纤维并纤维化,这是由于在玻璃纤维内的湿气导致的。另外,与干法短切的纤维相比,湿法应用的短切单纱玻璃纤维的制造不那么昂贵,这是因为在被短切之前,干燥纤维典型地在单独的步骤中干燥并包装。因此,使用湿法应用的短切单纱玻璃纤维使得可在较低成本下制造复合产品。
本发明进一步的优点是,可在一步工艺中,模塑(例如,热成形或热冲压)或者模切热和声音复合材料,形成所需的声音、半结构最终部件。
本发明的另一优点是,在产品的制造过程中,通过改变不同层内纤维的重量或者通过改变每一层内纤维的配方,热和声音复合材料将优化特定应用所需的性能。可通过改变聚合物纤维的基本重量和/或声音复合材料内的玻璃纤维含量,从而可控制所形成的复合部件的厚度,所形成的复合部件的孔隙度(例如,孔隙含量),和气流路径。
以上用一般和具体的实施方案这两种方式描述了本发明,尽管以我们认为的优选实施方案列出了本发明。但对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,可选择在一般公开内的宽泛范围的替代方案。在其它情况下不限制本发明,除非以下列出的权利要求的列举。
Claims (26)
1.形成热和声音复合材料(10)的方法,该方法包括下述步骤:
至少部分开松(210)成束的湿法增强纤维(200);
除去存在于所述湿法增强纤维内的至少一部分水,形成脱水的增强纤维;
共混第一热塑性聚合物纤维(240)与所述脱水的增强纤维,形成声音复合层(12);和
固定第二热塑性聚合物纤维中的第一热层(14)到所述声音复合层的第一主表面上,所述第二热塑性聚合物纤维与所述第一热塑性聚合物纤维相同或者不同。
2.权利要求1的方法,进一步包括下述步骤:在所述共混步骤之后,热粘结(290)所述第一热塑性聚合物纤维和所述脱水的增强纤维。
3.权利要求2的方法,其中所述共混步骤包括:
混合所述第一热塑性聚合物纤维与所述脱水的增强纤维,形成所述第一热塑性聚合物纤维与所述脱水的增强纤维的混合物;和
将所述混合物成形为片材。
4.权利要求3的方法,其中形成所述片材的步骤包括使所述混合物穿过至少一个片材成形机(270)。
5.权利要求3的方法,进一步包括在所述片材成形之前,将该混合物转移到纬纱箱式塔(265)中的步骤。
6.权利要求3的方法,进一步包括在所述热粘结步骤之前,针织(280)所述片材,提供给所述声音复合层以结构完整性。
7.权利要求1的方法,其中所述湿法增强纤维是湿法应用的短切单纱玻璃纤维,和所述第一与第二热塑性聚合物纤维包括选自聚酯、聚氯乙烯、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯/氯乙烯纤维、丙烯酸低级烷基酯聚合物纤维、丙烯腈聚合物纤维、部分水解的聚乙酸乙烯酯纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮纤维、苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯纤维、聚烯烃、聚酰胺、聚硫醚和人造丝中的至少一种。
8.根据权利要求7的方法,其中所述聚酯包括选自聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯和聚碳酸酯中至少一种,所述聚烯烃包括选自聚乙烯和聚丙烯中至少一种,所述聚酰胺是尼龙,和所述聚硫醚是聚苯硫醚。
9.权利要求7或8的方法,其中所述第一热层进一步包括双组分纤维。
10.权利要求7或8的方法,其中所述第一热塑性聚合物纤维具有可变的直径或者可变的长度。
11.权利要求7或8的方法,其中所述第一热塑性聚合物纤维具有可变的长度和直径。
12.权利要求1的方法,进一步包括在共混所述第一热塑性聚合物纤维与所述脱水的增强纤维之前,至少部分开松所述第一热塑性聚合物纤维的步骤。
13.权利要求1的方法,进一步包括将第二热层(16)连接到所述声音复合层的第二主表面上的步骤,所述第二主表面与所述第一主表面相对。
14.权利要求13的方法,其中所述第二热层包括选自聚酯、聚氯乙烯、聚烯烃、聚酰胺和聚硫醚中的一种或多种聚合物材料。
15.权利要求14的方法,其中所述聚酯包括选自聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯和聚碳酸酯中的至少一种,所述聚烯烃是聚乙烯和聚丙烯中至少一种,和所述聚硫醚是聚苯硫醚。
16.权利要求14或15的方法,其中形成所述第二热层的所述聚合物材料具有可变的长度或者可变的直径。
17.权利要求14或15的方法,其中形成所述第二热层的所述聚合物材料具有可变的长度和直径。
18.权利要求1的方法,进一步包括固定面层到所述第一热层的暴露表面的步骤。
19.形成模塑的半结构声音复合产品的方法,该方法包括下述步骤:
至少部分开松成束的湿法增强纤维;
从所述湿法增强纤维内除去至少一部分水,形成脱水的增强纤维;
共混第一聚合物纤维与所述脱水的增强纤维;
将所述共混的第一聚合物纤维与所述脱水的增强纤维形成为片材;
在所述片材内粘结所述第一聚合物纤维与所述脱水的增强纤维,形成声音复合层(12);
将第二热塑性聚合物纤维中的第一热层(14)连接到所述声音复合层的第一主表面上,形成复合材料;和
模塑所述复合材料,形成具有所需形状的半结构的声音复合产品。
20.权利要求19的方法,进一步包括将第二热层(16)连接到与所述第一主表面相对的所述声音复合层的第二主表面上的步骤,所述第二热层由第三热塑性纤维形成。
21.权利要求20的方法,其中所述第三热塑性纤维包括选自聚酯、聚氯乙烯、聚烯烃、聚酰胺和聚硫醚中的一种或多种聚合物材料。
22.权利要求21的方法,其中所述聚酯包括选自聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯和聚碳酸酯中的至少一种,所述聚烯烃包括选自聚乙烯和聚丙烯中至少一种,和所述聚硫醚是聚苯硫醚。
23.权利要求19的方法,其中所述湿法增强纤维是湿法应用的短切单纱玻璃纤维,和所述第一与第二热塑性聚合物纤维包括选自聚酯、聚氯乙烯、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯/氯乙烯纤维、丙烯酸低级烷基酯聚合物纤维、丙烯腈聚合物纤维、部分水解的聚乙酸乙烯酯纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮纤维、苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯纤维、聚烯烃、聚酰胺、聚硫醚和人造丝中的至少一种。
24.权利要求23的方法,其中所述聚酯包括选自聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯和聚碳酸酯中至少一种,所述聚烯烃包括选自聚乙烯和聚丙烯中至少一种,所述聚酰胺是尼龙,和所述聚硫醚是聚苯硫醚。
25.权利要求19的方法,其中所述共混的第一聚合物纤维和所述脱水的增强纤维形成为片材的步骤包括使所述共混的第一聚合物纤维和所述脱水的增强纤维穿过至少一个片材成形机的步骤。
26.权利要求19的方法,进一步包括在所述片材成形之前,将所述共混的第一聚合物纤维和所述脱水的增强纤维转移到纬纱箱式塔中的步骤。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/992,386 US7294218B2 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2004-11-18 | Composite material with improved structural, acoustic and thermal properties |
US10/992,386 | 2004-11-18 | ||
PCT/US2005/041713 WO2006055728A1 (en) | 2004-11-18 | 2005-11-14 | Non-woven fabrics with improved structural, acoustic and thermal properties |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN101115890A CN101115890A (zh) | 2008-01-30 |
CN101115890B true CN101115890B (zh) | 2011-07-27 |
Family
ID=35871087
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN2005800395448A Expired - Fee Related CN101115890B (zh) | 2004-11-18 | 2005-11-14 | 具有改进的结构、声学和热性能的非织造织物 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7294218B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1815075A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4996474B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20070086262A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101115890B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2005307738A1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0517721A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2585913A1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2007005904A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2006055728A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (42)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10318858A1 (de) * | 2003-04-25 | 2004-11-25 | Frenzelit-Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg | Faservliesmatte, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und Faserverbundwerkstoff |
US20080251187A1 (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2008-10-16 | Enamul Haque | Composite material with improved structural, acoustic and thermal properties |
US20060053721A1 (en) * | 2004-08-11 | 2006-03-16 | Preferred Solutions Inc. | Coated ceiling structure and method of forming |
US7279059B2 (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2007-10-09 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Polymer/WUCS mat for use in automotive applications |
US7252729B2 (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2007-08-07 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology Inc. | Polymer/WUCS mat for use in sheet molding compounds |
US20060137799A1 (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2006-06-29 | Enamul Haque | Thermoplastic composites with improved sound absorbing capabilities |
US20060141260A1 (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2006-06-29 | Enamul Haque | Sandwich composite material using an air-laid process and wet glass |
US20070014995A1 (en) * | 2005-07-12 | 2007-01-18 | Jacob Chacko | Thin rotary-fiberized glass insulation and process for producing same |
DE102006023294A1 (de) * | 2006-05-18 | 2007-11-22 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Verbundplatte und Verfahren zum Drainieren einer Verbundplatte |
US20080045101A1 (en) * | 2006-08-18 | 2008-02-21 | Near Shannon D | Decorative dual scrim composite panel |
US8652288B2 (en) * | 2006-08-29 | 2014-02-18 | Ocv Intellectual Capital, Llc | Reinforced acoustical material having high strength, high modulus properties |
US20080160857A1 (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-07-03 | Chacko Jacob T | Blended insulation blanket |
US7993724B2 (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2011-08-09 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Insulation for high temperature applications |
DE102007048422A1 (de) * | 2007-10-09 | 2009-04-16 | Homatherm Ag | Holzfaser-Wärmedämmmaterial und Verfahren für dessen Herstellung |
US9046323B2 (en) | 2008-02-25 | 2015-06-02 | Safariland, Llc | Ballistic package for soft body armor |
US8563449B2 (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2013-10-22 | Usg Interiors, Llc | Non-woven material and method of making such material |
JP5343438B2 (ja) * | 2008-07-31 | 2013-11-13 | 日本製紙クレシア株式会社 | パンツ型吸収性物品 |
US20100154370A1 (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2010-06-24 | Caterpillar Inc, | System and methods for particulate filter |
DE102009002536A1 (de) * | 2009-04-21 | 2010-10-28 | Culimeta Textilglas-Technologie Gmbh & Co.Kg | Faserprodukt, Faserformteil sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben |
US20100313321A1 (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2010-12-16 | Carlson Richard A | Pleated ballistic package for soft body armor |
US8062565B2 (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2011-11-22 | Usg Interiors, Inc. | Low density non-woven material useful with acoustic ceiling tile products |
DE102009039185A1 (de) * | 2009-08-28 | 2011-03-03 | Röchling Automotive AG & Co. KG | Mehrschichtiges Material, etwa zur Herstellung von Fahrzeugverkleidungsteilen, insbesondere zur Herstellung von Radhaus- oder Motorraumverkleidungsteilen |
EP2415428A1 (en) | 2010-08-04 | 2012-02-08 | Polymer Group, Inc. | Breathable laminate and method of making the same |
JP2012245925A (ja) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-12-13 | Howa Textile Industry Co Ltd | 自動車用ボディーアンダーカバー |
KR101391098B1 (ko) * | 2011-08-11 | 2014-04-30 | (주)엘지하우시스 | 흡음성능이 우수한 유리섬유계 흡음시트 |
CN103958755B (zh) | 2011-09-30 | 2018-05-25 | 欧文斯科宁知识产权资产有限公司 | 从纤维材料形成幅材的方法 |
CN111020884B (zh) | 2011-09-30 | 2023-03-17 | 欧文斯科宁知识产权资产有限公司 | 形成玻璃纤维的分层叠毡的连续方法及其模塑叠毡 |
JP6253871B2 (ja) * | 2012-01-17 | 2017-12-27 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 断熱材及びそれを備えた宇宙機、並びに断熱材の製造方法 |
US9190045B2 (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2015-11-17 | Hyundai Motor Company | Noise-absorbent fabric for vehicle and method for manufacturing the same |
US8734613B1 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2014-05-27 | Usg Interiors, Llc | Glass fiber enhanced mineral wool based acoustical tile |
DE202014102942U1 (de) * | 2014-06-27 | 2015-10-02 | Pinta Acoustic Gmbh | Akustikabsorber |
CN104153126B (zh) * | 2014-08-28 | 2017-02-15 | 南通大学 | 一种动车用内饰板及其制备方法 |
EP2990557B1 (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2018-07-18 | Mascagni S.P.A. | Panel for walls, ceilings, false ceilings, floor surfaces, furnishing elements and the like |
US10066342B2 (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2018-09-04 | Lydall, Inc. | Wet-laid nonwoven including thermoplastic fiber |
JP7146400B2 (ja) | 2015-05-19 | 2022-10-04 | オウェンス コーニング インテレクチュアル キャピタル リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | パイプや容器のための断熱パッド |
US9777472B2 (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2017-10-03 | Awi Licensing Llc | Scrim attachment system |
DE102019125953A1 (de) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-04-01 | Cellofoam Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verbundwerkstoff zur thermischen oder akustischen Isolierung sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines derartigen Verbundwerkstoffs |
DE102021106947A1 (de) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-09-30 | Magna Closures Inc. | Fahrzeugtür mit trägermodul mit nachhaltigem träger |
CN113709636B (zh) * | 2020-05-20 | 2023-11-17 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | 振动板和发声装置 |
EP4086144A1 (de) * | 2021-05-07 | 2022-11-09 | Schmitz Cargobull AG | Nutzfahrzeugpaneel mit faserverstärkter kunststoffschicht und nutzfahrzeug mit entsprechendem nutzfahrzeugpaneel |
CN114311900A (zh) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-12 | 滁州学院 | 一种打击用的环保型多层鼓皮 |
WO2024091555A1 (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2024-05-02 | Hanwha Azdel, Inc. | Fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite articles including reproduced polymeric fibers |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4751134A (en) * | 1987-05-22 | 1988-06-14 | Guardian Industries Corporation | Non-woven fibrous product |
CN1054026A (zh) * | 1990-06-16 | 1991-08-28 | 刘卞善 | 化纤板及其制造方法和设备 |
CN1087578A (zh) * | 1992-11-06 | 1994-06-08 | 金伯利-克拉克公司 | 纤维叠层网及其制造方法和设备 |
US6148641A (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 2000-11-21 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Apparatus and method for producing dried, chopped strands |
US6572723B1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2003-06-03 | Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. | Process for forming a multilayer, multidensity composite insulator |
Family Cites Families (36)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3A (en) * | 1836-08-11 | Thomas blanchard | ||
US4A (en) * | 1836-08-10 | Stock | ||
US4242398A (en) * | 1979-01-16 | 1980-12-30 | Teijin Limited | Fibrous shaped article having non-level surface |
US4418031A (en) * | 1981-04-06 | 1983-11-29 | Van Dresser Corporation | Moldable fibrous mat and method of making the same |
US4379801A (en) * | 1982-04-21 | 1983-04-12 | Eastman Kodak Company | Stampable reinforced thermoplastic polyester sheets |
US4379802A (en) * | 1982-04-21 | 1983-04-12 | Eastman Kodak Company | Stampable reinforced thermoplastic polyester sheet with improved surface finish |
US4568581A (en) * | 1984-09-12 | 1986-02-04 | Collins & Aikman Corporation | Molded three dimensional fibrous surfaced article and method of producing same |
JPS6375185A (ja) * | 1986-09-16 | 1988-04-05 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 繊維基質シ−トの製造方法 |
US4946738A (en) * | 1987-05-22 | 1990-08-07 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Non-woven fibrous product |
US5272000A (en) * | 1987-05-22 | 1993-12-21 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Non-woven fibrous product containing natural fibers |
US4923547A (en) * | 1987-08-20 | 1990-05-08 | Sekisui Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for producing composite molded articles from nonwoven mat |
DE8915726U1 (de) * | 1989-12-22 | 1991-11-21 | Trützschler GmbH & Co KG, 4050 Mönchengladbach | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Faservlieses aus Textilfasern, z. B. Baumwolle o.dgl. |
JPH07242755A (ja) * | 1990-04-13 | 1995-09-19 | Asahi Fiber Glass Co Ltd | 樹脂補強用ガラス繊維束並びに成形材料の製造法 |
US5458822A (en) * | 1993-06-21 | 1995-10-17 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. | Method for manufacturing a mineral fiber product |
US5571610A (en) * | 1993-06-21 | 1996-11-05 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Technology, Inc. | Glass mat thermoplastic product |
US6077613A (en) * | 1993-11-12 | 2000-06-20 | The Noble Company | Sound insulating membrane |
JPH0872108A (ja) | 1994-08-31 | 1996-03-19 | Tsuchiya Mfg Co Ltd | 遮音カバーの製造方法 |
DE69607164T2 (de) * | 1995-06-23 | 2000-11-23 | Minnesota Mining And Mfg. Co., Saint Paul | Schalldämpfungsverfahren und schalldämmelement dafür |
DE29518036U1 (de) | 1995-11-14 | 1997-03-20 | Lear Corporation GmbH & Co. KG, 65462 Ginsheim-Gustavsburg | Formteil |
US5662981A (en) * | 1996-04-30 | 1997-09-02 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology Inc. | Molded composite product and method of making |
US6054022A (en) * | 1996-09-12 | 2000-04-25 | Owens-Corning Veil U.K. Ltd. | Method for producing a non-woven glass fiber mat comprising bundles of fibers |
US5876529A (en) * | 1997-11-24 | 1999-03-02 | Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. | Method of forming a pack of organic and mineral fibers |
JP4154638B2 (ja) * | 1999-11-04 | 2008-09-24 | トヨタ紡織株式会社 | 内装材の製造方法 |
US7166547B2 (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2007-01-23 | Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. | Under carpet heat shield and floor pan insulator |
US6669265B2 (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2003-12-30 | Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. | Multidensity liner/insulator |
US6699265B1 (en) * | 2000-11-03 | 2004-03-02 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Flat capacitor for an implantable medical device |
EP1401640A1 (en) | 2001-06-01 | 2004-03-31 | Owens Corning | Hood, dash, firewall or engine cover liner |
US20040163724A1 (en) * | 2001-09-06 | 2004-08-26 | Mark Trabbold | Formaldehyde-free duct liner |
US7815967B2 (en) * | 2001-09-06 | 2010-10-19 | Alain Yang | Continuous process for duct liner production with air laid process and on-line coating |
US20030044566A1 (en) * | 2001-09-06 | 2003-03-06 | Certainteed Corporation | Insulation containing a mixed layer of textile fibers and of natural fibers, and process for producing the same |
US20030124940A1 (en) | 2001-12-31 | 2003-07-03 | Michael Rajendran S. | Tunable or adjustable liner for selectively absorbing sound energy and related methods |
US20030176131A1 (en) * | 2002-03-15 | 2003-09-18 | Tilton Jeffrey A. | Insulating material |
US7000729B2 (en) | 2002-07-08 | 2006-02-21 | Acoustek Nonwovens | Five-layer sound absorbing pad: improved acoustical absorber |
US20040077247A1 (en) | 2002-10-22 | 2004-04-22 | Schmidt Richard J. | Lofty spunbond nonwoven laminate |
US6905563B2 (en) * | 2002-12-24 | 2005-06-14 | Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for melt-blown fiber encapsulation |
US7138023B2 (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2006-11-21 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. | Development of thermoplastic composites using wet use chopped strand (WUCS) |
-
2004
- 2004-11-18 US US10/992,386 patent/US7294218B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-11-14 AU AU2005307738A patent/AU2005307738A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-11-14 JP JP2007543246A patent/JP4996474B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-11-14 WO PCT/US2005/041713 patent/WO2006055728A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-11-14 MX MX2007005904A patent/MX2007005904A/es unknown
- 2005-11-14 CA CA002585913A patent/CA2585913A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-11-14 EP EP05851765A patent/EP1815075A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-11-14 BR BRPI0517721-9A patent/BRPI0517721A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-11-14 CN CN2005800395448A patent/CN101115890B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-11-14 KR KR1020077013559A patent/KR20070086262A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4751134A (en) * | 1987-05-22 | 1988-06-14 | Guardian Industries Corporation | Non-woven fibrous product |
CN1054026A (zh) * | 1990-06-16 | 1991-08-28 | 刘卞善 | 化纤板及其制造方法和设备 |
CN1087578A (zh) * | 1992-11-06 | 1994-06-08 | 金伯利-克拉克公司 | 纤维叠层网及其制造方法和设备 |
US6148641A (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 2000-11-21 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Apparatus and method for producing dried, chopped strands |
US6572723B1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2003-06-03 | Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. | Process for forming a multilayer, multidensity composite insulator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1815075A1 (en) | 2007-08-08 |
JP2008520849A (ja) | 2008-06-19 |
JP4996474B2 (ja) | 2012-08-08 |
KR20070086262A (ko) | 2007-08-27 |
WO2006055728A1 (en) | 2006-05-26 |
CA2585913A1 (en) | 2006-05-26 |
AU2005307738A1 (en) | 2006-05-26 |
US20050115662A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
CN101115890A (zh) | 2008-01-30 |
US7294218B2 (en) | 2007-11-13 |
BRPI0517721A (pt) | 2008-10-21 |
MX2007005904A (es) | 2007-09-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN101115890B (zh) | 具有改进的结构、声学和热性能的非织造织物 | |
US7279059B2 (en) | Polymer/WUCS mat for use in automotive applications | |
CN101163827A (zh) | 具有改进的吸声性能的热塑性复合材料 | |
US8652288B2 (en) | Reinforced acoustical material having high strength, high modulus properties | |
CN100540594C (zh) | 利用湿法使用短切纤维股(wucs)的热塑性复合材料 | |
US20080251187A1 (en) | Composite material with improved structural, acoustic and thermal properties | |
US7928025B2 (en) | Nonwoven multilayered fibrous batts and multi-density molded articles made with same and processes of making thereof | |
US20040161993A1 (en) | Inorganic fiber insulation made from glass fibers and polymer bonding fibers | |
JP2008525662A (ja) | エアレイド法とウェットガラスを使用するサンドイッチ複合材料 | |
WO2001031131A1 (en) | Fibrous acoustical insulation product | |
US20070160799A1 (en) | Moldable composite article | |
WO2005084934A1 (en) | Layered polymer fiber insulation and method of making thereof |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20110727 Termination date: 20121114 |