CN101070774B - 排气弯管的制造方法 - Google Patents

排气弯管的制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101070774B
CN101070774B CN200710103248.0A CN200710103248A CN101070774B CN 101070774 B CN101070774 B CN 101070774B CN 200710103248 A CN200710103248 A CN 200710103248A CN 101070774 B CN101070774 B CN 101070774B
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bend pipe
exhaust manifold
elbow
exhaust
opening
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN101070774A (zh
Inventor
A·斯泰格特
T·韦德纳
G·鲁瑟
L·海恩哈
J·里克特森
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Tenneco GmbH
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Heinrich Gillet GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/10—Tubes having non-circular cross section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/14—Plurality of outlet tubes, e.g. in parallel or with different length
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49398—Muffler, manifold or exhaust pipe making

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明的主题是排气弯管的制造方法，该排气弯管具有用于在内燃机的气缸头上进行固定的法兰(1)、用于排出从气缸流出的废气的弯管(2)以及排气总管(10)，其中排气总管(10)具有用于弯管(2)的开口(11)。根据本发明，所述排气总管(10)构造有强化的开口(11)。接着弯管(2)的端部被导入到开口(11)中并被校准。在这个过程中管子端部产生塑性变形，并且管子(2)被气密封地连接。

Description

排气弯管的制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及排气弯管的制造方法，该排气弯管具有用于在内燃机的气缸头上进行固定的法兰、用于排出从气缸流出的废气的弯管以及排气总管，其中排气总管具有用于弯管的开口。
背景技术
排气弯管主要由固定在内燃机气缸头上的法兰，以及与气缸出气口数量相当的、用于排出从气缸排放的废气的弯管组成。弯管端部被汇聚在一起，使得所有废气都流通排气装置的其他部件，例如催化器、柴油烟灰滤清器和消音器。为此，弯管端部按照相应汽车模式概念被构造为三合一、四合一或者四合二合一的总导管。
DE 94 17 043 U公开了一种具有四个弯管的总导管。为此管子端部相应地变形，使得它们形成了一个圆的四个象限。一旦管子端部之间的间隙被气密封地焊接起来，总导管就被制成。
在实践中已经证实，由于管子尺寸公差本身，或者由于在管子和管子端部成形时出现的公差，产生了间隙，该间隙只能通过附加的焊接工作来封闭。这是不利的。
焊接方法的其他缺点是焊接飞溅物，这会在排气装置后续的运行中脱开，并且损坏排气装置的机械敏感部件，尤其会破坏陶瓷的催化器孔芯和烟灰滤清器。同样有问题的是，在焊接时可能产生的污染物质。这会导致必须对焊接的排气弯管进行冲洗和清洁，而这显著提高了生产成本。这是非常令人不满的。
很显然可以尝试通过改变结构来消除这种问题。因此例如US 4 833882提出了一种用于弯管的排气总管，通过实体铸件形成，它对每个弯管都具特定的连接支管。此外对于氧气传感器设置有连接支管。与后面的管子的连接通过巨大的法兰盘。由此尽管公差问题稍微得到解决，但与焊接有关的问题仍然存在。此外还有相对较大的重量。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于提供一种方法，在这种方法的帮助下消除所描述的制造排气弯管中的问题。
这项任务可以通过一种排气弯管的制造方法来解决，该排气弯管具有用于在内燃机的气缸头上进行固定的法兰、用于排出从气缸流出的废气的弯管以及排气总管，其中排气总管具有用于弯管的开口，其特征在于，所述排气总管构造有强化的开口，被导入开口中的弯管的端部被校准(aufkalibrieren)并在此产生塑性变形，并且管子被气密封地连接。
本发明由此来解决这个问题，即弯管的端部首先插入到排气总管的强化开口中，并且接着进行校准并由此产生塑性变形。由于这种塑性变形，管子端部保持了其准确地适配于开口的形状，使得接着弯管和排气总管气密封的连接可以通过简单的、全自动的方法来进行。以这种方法，非圆形的横截面也容易实现。
根据本发明的一种优选方案，弯管和排气总管之间的连接通过钎焊(Loeten)、尤其是硬钎焊来实现，替代地也通过粘接来实现。
根据需求，排气总管可以构造为三维空心体，或者也可以构造为扁平的盘体。
附图说明
根据附图，本发明以两个实施例的形式更详细地进行描述。各自仅示意地示出：
图1排气弯管，它带有弯管的四合一总导管，
图2排气弯管，它带有三合一的总导管。
具体实施方式
图1仅示意地示出了用于四缸发动机的排气弯管的立体视图和部分透视图。可以看到一个用于在内燃机(未示出)的气缸头上进行固定的法兰1，在该法兰上固定有四个弯管2。这四个弯管2被导入一个三维成型的排气总管10中。其中，弯管2被空间地如此弯曲，使得设置在法兰1内的、用于紧固螺纹件4(图2)的开口3保持容易进入。
三维排气总管10设置有用于弯管2端部的开口11。其中这些开口11被强化构造。由此弯管2被插入的端部可以借助扩张工具(Spreiz-werkzeug)(未示出)进行校准，使得它完全填满开口11。因为弯管2的端部在校准时发生塑性变形，它在拿掉扩张工具之后保持其形状。
借助于这种校准方法(Aufkalibrierverfahren)，开口11可以很容易构造成实践中任意的形状。为了将弯管2和排气总管之间的间隙尽量保持均匀地小，建议不应用尖锐的半径。
弯管2端部与排气总管10之间气密封的连接优选通过钎焊、尤其是硬钎焊来实现，因为在这种连接方法中不产生飞溅物，并且燃烧了金属表面可能的杂质。
一种带有可比性优点的代替连接方法是粘接，前提是使用足够热固性的粘结剂。
图2示出了排气弯管的另一实施例，它带有法兰1、弯管2和替代的排气总管20。它主要由强化的盘体组成，在这个盘体上设置有三个非圆形的开口11。弯管2本身具有圆形的截面。弯管2的端部借助扩张工具(未示出)进行校准，使得它完全填满非圆的开口11。
在排气总管20上连接有例如废气催化器壳体5，使得由三个弯管2流出的废气被共同净化。

Claims (3)

1.排气弯管的制造方法，该排气弯管具有用于在内燃机的气缸头上进行固定的法兰(1)、用于排出从气缸流出的废气的弯管(2)以及排气总管(20)，其中排气总管(20)具有用于弯管(2)的强化的开口(11)，并且弯管(2)被气密地连接，其特征在于，排气总管(20)构造为具有所述开口(11)的扁平的盘体且该开口为非圆形开口，并且弯管(2)的端部被导入到所述非圆形开口(11)中并在该非圆形开口(11)中被借助于扩张工具校准，使得该端部完全填满该非圆形开口(11)。
2.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述弯管(2)和排气总管(20)被钎焊。
3.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述弯管(2)和排气总管(20)被粘接。
CN200710103248.0A 2006-05-10 2007-05-10 排气弯管的制造方法 Expired - Fee Related CN101070774B (zh)

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DE200610021674 DE102006021674B4 (de) 2006-05-10 2006-05-10 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Abgaskrümmern

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DE102011106801A1 (de) * 2011-07-06 2013-01-10 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Abgasanlage sowie Abgasanlage

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DE102006021674B4 (de) 2014-05-15
DE102006021674A1 (de) 2007-11-15
US8850705B2 (en) 2014-10-07
US20080098599A1 (en) 2008-05-01
CN101070774A (zh) 2007-11-14

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