CN101068911B - 颗粒的稳定水分散体以及这样的分散体的用途和制备方法 - Google Patents
颗粒的稳定水分散体以及这样的分散体的用途和制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101068911B CN101068911B CN2005800087729A CN200580008772A CN101068911B CN 101068911 B CN101068911 B CN 101068911B CN 2005800087729 A CN2005800087729 A CN 2005800087729A CN 200580008772 A CN200580008772 A CN 200580008772A CN 101068911 B CN101068911 B CN 101068911B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- stable aqueous
- particles
- aqueous dispersion
- dispersion according
- dispersion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- -1 ammonium ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical group C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002636 imidazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 43
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002503 polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003827 glycol group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- RBACIKXCRWGCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Epoxybutane Chemical compound CCC1CO1 RBACIKXCRWGCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IWSZDQRGNFLMJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dibutylamino)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCN(CCO)CCCC IWSZDQRGNFLMJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-diethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCO BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclohexylamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC1CCCCC1 XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical group CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AWMVMTVKBNGEAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene oxide Chemical compound C1OC1C1=CC=CC=C1 AWMVMTVKBNGEAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009435 amidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001414 amino alcohols Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010073 coating (rubber) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960002887 deanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004985 dialkyl amino alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CNCC(C)O LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043276 diisopropanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-L fumarate(2-) Chemical class [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002523 polyethylene Glycol 1000 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
- C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/061—Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
- C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
- C10M2201/084—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
- C10M2201/102—Silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
- C10M2201/102—Silicates
- C10M2201/103—Clays; Mica; Zeolites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/024—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amido or imido group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/015—Dispersions of solid lubricants
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种颗粒的稳定水分散体，其中通过聚合物稳定剂稳定含水介质中的颗粒。该稳定剂是聚羧酸盐。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及颗粒的稳定水分散体。
本发明也同样涉及这样的颗粒的稳定水分散体的用途和制备方法。
背景技术
颗粒的水分散体用于各种不同的应用。例如石墨分散体用作润滑剂和脱模剂，比如说在金属的热变形过程中。在此要求这样的石墨分散体粘附在冷的以及热的金属表面上并形成润滑膜和保护膜。该膜不仅应使金属更容易成形而且应降低成形期间工具的磨损。石墨分散体用作涂层，例如在对电池容器(Batteriebechern)或用于例如挡风玻璃刮水器的橡胶硫化物进行内涂覆方面，但也用作塑料、玻璃、陶瓷和其它材料上的导电涂层。
除了生理上无疑虑性和贮存稳定性外，对水分散体首先要求普遍的可加工性。例如，根据应用而定，主要喷涂上这样的分散体。在这种情况下水分散体的粘度起重要的作用并且需要低粘度的分散体。
没有助剂的石墨分散体是极高粘稠的并且部分是触变性的。这是由于石墨颗粒的薄片状结构，该石墨颗粒在液体中构成所谓的卡片屋结构(Kartenhausstruktur)。这种卡片屋结构从其它薄片状物质，例如粘土矿物或高岭土，也是公知的。但是在此可通过使用胶溶剂引起这种卡片屋结构坍塌并且可通过使用静电有效物质提高稳定性。这样的使用胶溶剂的作用机理对于石墨无效。
根据已知的现有技术，为了稳定石墨分散体而额外使用大分子物质。选自单糖和多糖化合物组的这样的大分子物质在此是用作保护胶体，同时提高了粘度。聚电解质，如羧甲基纤维素钠、藻酸盐或木质素磺酸的盐，也属于已知的作用范围。在根据现有技术使用保护胶体时，如果在研磨之前添加它们，就存在分子链击碎的问题。
为了制备颗粒的水分散体，提出了许多方法和配方。
在US5800739中提出了一种用分散剂稳定化的导电性的石墨分散体，该分散剂具有亚烷基氧基团并具有亲水性亲油性平衡为12。该平衡一般称作HLB值(英文：HLB＝亲水性亲油性平衡)。其中使用的物质例如聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯共聚物、有机磺酸的钠盐，以及水溶性聚合物，如聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮，其已从US2978428中是已知的。这些分散体的缺点是迅速沉降。尽管石墨通过表面活性物质润湿并分散，但是未被足够地相对于沉降而稳定化。由于石墨的薄片状结构，沉降物非常紧密且难以再分散。
US5476580提出一种制备石墨和/或炭黑基涂料的方法。该教导设想水溶性分散剂和湿润剂的组合。作为分散剂已知有阴离子物质，如聚丙烯酸碱金属盐。同样使用阴离子产品作为湿润剂，但也使用阳离子产品作为湿润剂。粘结剂包括几乎全部的多糖和单糖类以及树脂和聚合物分散体。尽管所建议的物质中的一些已知是良好分散剂，但是它们具有缺点，即大大地提高分散体的粘度。因此，尤其影响分散体的流变行为。
在US4401579中提出了一种水分散体，其基本上包含与现有技术相应的助剂。其中富马酸和/或其盐的使用被认为是新颖的。尽管富马酸盐可能具有润滑剂作用，但是对于分散体稳定性的改善它们没有作用。
所有已知方法都不能摆脱的缺点是：制备的浓度与应用浓度不对应。必须将分散体稀释降到希望的应用浓度。由此得到的低浓度大大地降低添加剂的效力，以致稀释物只在几个小时内还是对沉降为稳定的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是，提供一种颗粒的稳定水分散体，其显示出高的分散体稳定性并且尽可能地可用几乎所有涂覆方法加工。
根据本发明通过权利要求1的特征到达该目的。
本发明的优点尤其在于，通过使用聚羧酸盐作为稳定剂和分散剂获得水分散体的高贮存稳定性。聚羧酸盐包封颗粒并且通过空间稳定作用阻止颗粒的相互接近并因此阻止附聚物形成。这是特别有利的，因为对于分散体系，交换表面的大小以及界面层的厚度是决定性的。比相界与颗粒直径为双曲线相关性。因此，<1.0μm的非常细分的分散体增强地倾向于形成附聚物，以致理论上的稳定性优点，如从Srock定律得出的那样，被大的附聚物部分的形成消除。附聚物以与相同大小的初级颗粒可比的速度沉降。通过使用聚羧酸盐可靠地阻止附聚物的形成。
由于聚羧酸盐作为稳定剂或分散剂在颗粒表面上的结合，通过这种机理实现了稳定化作用。这样在稀释时分散体也同样保持稳定，因为稳定化作用不再通过粘度而实现。
本发明的其它有利的实施方案由从属权利要求中得出。
发明详述
本发明涉及一种选自聚羧酸盐类的用于制备颗粒的稳定水分散体的稳定剂或分散剂。
所述聚羧酸盐是指梳型聚合物，其由主链和由聚环氧烷烃组成的侧链组成，在所述主链上羧酸基团作为游离酸或以其盐的形式结合。这样的聚羧酸盐自身是已知的，例如从申请人的EP 1 136 508A1、EP 1 138 696 A1和EP 1 138 697
A1中已知。下文中结合入了这些聚羧酸盐的公开内容。
聚环氧烷烃侧链或聚亚烷基二醇侧链可通过酯键、酰胺键或醚键结合到主链上。除了羧酸基团和聚环氧烷烃侧链外，其它官能团或非官能团也可结合到主链上。
例如可以通过不饱和一元或二元羧酸与不饱和羧酸酯、不饱和羧酸酰胺、烯丙基醚或乙烯基醚的共聚来制备这样的梳型聚合物。制成的梳型聚合物中的羧酸可以以其游离酸的形式或者全部或部分地以其盐的形式存在。
梳型聚合物也可以通过聚合物相似转变(polymeranaloge)反应来制备。其中将一种含有潜在或游离羧基的聚合物与一种或多种含有胺官能团或羟基官能团的化合物在导致羧基部分地酰胺化或酯化的条件下反应。
侧链的聚亚烷基二醇是基于聚合的含环氧基的化合物，例如基于环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷、1-环氧丁烷、苯基环氧乙烷等。因此优选该聚醚侧链由聚环氧乙烷或聚环氧丙烷或环氧乙烷与环氧丙烷的混合共聚物组成，并且在自由端具有一个羟基、伯氨基或一个带有1至20个碳原子的烷基，所述烷基为线性、支化或环状的烷基，优选为具有1至4个碳原子的线性烷基。
这些聚羧酸盐具有5000至200000的分子量，优选8000至100000，特别优选10000至80000的分子量。所述羧酸盐可以是碱金属或碱土金属盐或其它二价或三价金属离子、铵离子的盐，有机铵基团，或它们的混合物。
在一个实施方案中，根据本发明的聚羧酸盐由4个结构单元(a、b、c和d)组成并具有结构式A
A
其中：
M＝氢、碱金属离子、碱土金属离子、二价或三价金属离子、铵离子、有机铵基团或它们的混合物，
R＝氢或甲基，各个R彼此独立，
R1和R2＝C1至C20烷基，环烷基，或烷基芳基，-[AO]n-R4，其中A＝C2至C4亚烷基，R4＝C1至C20烷基，环己基或烷基芳基，且n＝2-250，优选n＝8-200，特别优选n＝11-150，特别是n＝11-100，
R3＝-NH2、-NR5R6、-OR7NR8R9，其中R5和R6彼此独立，为C1至C20烷基、环烷基或烷基芳基或芳基，或为羟基烷基，例如羟基乙基、羟基丙基、羟基丁基，或为乙酰氧基乙基(CH3-CO-O-CH2-CH2-）、羟基异丙基(HO-CH(CH3)-CH2-）、乙酰氧基异丙基(CH3-CO-O-CH(CH3)-CH2-），或R5和R6一起形成一个环，氮是该环的一部分，以构成吗啉环或咪唑啉环，其中R7为C2-C4亚烷基，且R8和R9彼此独立，为C1至C20烷基、环烷基或烷基芳基或芳基，或者为羟基烷基，例如羟基乙基、羟基丙基或羟基丁基，
a/b/c/d＝(0.1-0.9)/(0.1-0.9)/(0-0.8)/(0-0.3)，优选(0.1-0.9)/(0.1-0.9)/(0-0.5)/(0-0.1)，更优选(0.1-0.9)/(0.1-0.9)/(0-0.3)/(0-0.06)，再更优选(0.2-0.8)/(0.199-0.799)/(0.001-0.09)/(0-0.06)，特别优选(0.2-0.8)/(0.19-0.79)/(0-0.1)/(0.01-0.3)，且a+b+c+d＝1。结构单元a、b、c、d的序列可以是嵌段的、交替的或无规的。
可设想从由聚合的丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸的单元或其混合共聚物组成的主链构成根据式A的聚羧酸盐。聚环氧烷烃侧链通过酯或酰胺基团结合到所述主链上。
除了羧酸基团或羧酸盐和聚亚烷基二醇侧链外，其它基团也可通过酯或酰胺键结合在聚羧酸盐的主链上，例如烷基、环烷基、芳族化合物、取代的芳族化合物、羟基烷基、二烷基氨基烷基或其中酰胺基团的N为一个组成部分的杂环，例如吗啉或咪唑。
通过其N作为酰胺形式结合到主链上的基团R3的例子是胺残基，其具有一个或两个彼此独立的1至20个碳原子的脂族、脂环族或芳族基团，例如甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基或环己基。这样的胺残基的例子是二丁基胺或二环己基胺。进一步的例子是带有羟基烷基的胺残基，如乙醇胺或二乙醇胺。
通过其0作为酯形式结合到主链上的基团R3的例子是1至20个碳原子的脂族、脂环族或芳族基团，例如甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基或环己基。进一步的例子是氨基醇残基，如甲基二乙醇胺、三异丙醇胺、三乙醇胺、二丁基氨基乙醇、二异丙醇胺、二乙基氨基乙醇、二甲基氨基乙醇。
作为待悬浮的颗粒可以使用任意的物质，包括石墨，但还有金属和合金，金属化合物，如金属硫化物、金属氧化物，以及有机化合物，如聚苯胺以及上述物质的组合。该列举是未完结的，应仅说明广泛的应用。
尤其可以使用矿物，例如石墨、二硫化钼、氮化硼、云母、微滑石、水滑石或蒙脱石。这些矿物可具有由单个层平面组成的薄片状结构，并且在不同方向上各自表现出不同的性能。例如，当与层平面垂直时石墨为电的不良导体，而平行时为良导体。
聚羧酸盐的结构引起与颗粒/基材的相互作用，形成聚合物膜并因此获得空间屏蔽。借此不仅防止颗粒的附聚物形成，而且还将颗粒保持在悬浮状态。
试验表明，根据本发明的聚羧酸盐将颗粒良好地分散在水中，且所获得的水分散体显示出200至900mPas、特别是300至600mPas的低粘度。这允许这样的分散体应用于喷涂领域。这可以在常规的压缩空气喷涂法(空气喷涂)以及无压缩空气(无空气)法中进行。根据本发明的分散体也可用作润滑剂、脱模剂、被覆层(Ueberzug)、涂层(Beschichtung)，其中除了喷涂外还可通过浸涂法、借助于刷子、辊子等来涂覆所述分散体。
根据本发明的分散体除了适合于所有的涂覆体系外也在待涂表面上产生无缺陷的表面。也就是说，获得平滑无条痕的表面，无凹陷形成(桔皮效果)、无泪状流挂形成，具有无缺陷的流平性和良好的粘附(粘合)。
根据本发明的聚羧酸盐产生可贮存至少多于4周的水分散体。
在这些分散体中可使用的颗粒的粒子尺寸优选在0.05至40μm、特别是0.3至5.0μm的尺寸范围内。
分散体中的稳定剂具有的0.1-5重量％、优选0.5-2重量％的比例/浓度。分散体中的颗粒的比例/浓度优选为1-40重量％，特别是10-30重量％。
下面给出一些实施例，所述实施例将会进一步说明本发明，而决不限制本发明的范围。
具体实施方式
实施例
聚合物
下列聚合物是如可用于淤浆、特别是矿物淤浆中的聚羧酸盐的一些例子。所述说明涉及结构式A。
标记的解释：
·PEG1000
＝平均分子量为约1000的聚乙二醇，
·PPG600
＝平均分子量为约600的聚丙二醇，
·EO/PO(60/40)2000
＝平均分子量为2000的由环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷以60:40的比例形成的嵌
段共聚物，
·Mw
＝平均分子量
聚合物A1：
对应于结构式A的聚合物，其中：
M＝H-和/或Na
R＝H-
R1＝CH3-PEG1000-
R2＝CH3-EO/PO(60/40)1000-
a/b/c/d＝0.60/0.35/0.05/0.00
Mw＝13000
聚合物A2：
对应于结构式A的聚合物，其中：
M＝H-和/或Na
R＝H-
R1＝CH3-PEG1000-和CH3-PEG3000-以摩尔比为60:40的混合物
R2＝CH3-EO/PO(50/50)2000-
a/b/c/d＝0.660/0.339/0.001/0.000
Mw＝28000
聚合物A3：
对应于结构式A的聚合物，其中：
M＝H-和/或Na
R＝H-
R1＝CH3-PEG1000-
R2＝CH3-PE0500-
a/b/c/d＝0.65/0.33/0.02/0.00
Mw＝22000
聚合物A4：
对应于结构式A的聚合物，其中：
M＝H-和/或Na
R＝H-
R1＝CH3-PEG1000-和CH3-PEG3000-以摩尔比为50:50的混合物
R3＝HO-CH2CH2-NH-
a/b/c/d＝0.75/0.20/0.00/0.05
Mw＝26000
聚合物A5：
对应于结构式A的聚合物，其中：
M＝H-和/或Na
R＝CH3-
R1＝CH3-PEG1000-
R3＝二环己基-NH-
a/b/c/d＝0.75/0.20/0.00/0.05
Mw＝26000
聚合物A6：
对应于结构式A的聚合物，其中：
M＝H-和/或Na
R＝对于结构a为H-，且对于结构b和c为CH3-
R1＝CH3-PEG2000-
R2＝CH3-EO/PO(70/30)2000-
a/b/c/d＝0.70/0.29/0.01/0.00
Mw＝36000
聚合物A7：
对应于结构式A的聚合物，其中：
M＝H-和/或Na
R＝H-
R1＝CH3-PEG1100-
R2＝正丁基-PP0600-
R3＝(正丁基)2-N-CH2CH2-O-
a/b/c/d＝0.40/0.50/0.09/0.01
Mw＝18000
聚合物A8：
对应于结构式A的聚合物，其中：
M＝H-和/或Na
R＝CH3-
R1＝CH3-PEG1100-
a/b/c/d＝0.50/0.50/0.00/0.00
Mw＝18000
聚合物A9：
对应于结构式A的聚合物，其中：
M＝H-和/或Na
R＝CH3-
R1＝CH3-PEG1100-
a/b/c/d＝0.75/0.25/0.00/0.00
Mw＝23000
聚合物A10：
对应于结构式A的聚合物，其中：
M＝H-和/或Na
R＝CH3-
R1＝CH3-PEG500-和CH3-PEG3000-的混合物，摩尔比为3:2
R2＝正丁基-PP0800-
R3＝(CH3)2-N-CH2CH2O-
a/b/c/d＝0.74/0.23/0.02/0.01
Mw＝45000
聚合物A11：
对应于结构式A的聚合物，其中：
M＝H-和/或Na
R＝H-
R1＝CH3-PEG1000-和CH3-PEG3000-的混合物，摩尔比为50:50
R3＝(HOCH2CH2)2-N-
a/b/c/d＝0.598/0.400/0.002/0.000
Mw＝52000
对比例
在对比例中描述了颗粒，尤其是薄片状矿物的水分散体，没有使用本发明的聚羧酸盐。
对比例1：用于锻造工业的石墨分散体
在带有搅拌器的容器中预先加入75kg去离子水并将5kg硅酸钠溶于其中。接着在搅拌下添加20kg的平均粒子尺寸d50＝1.5μm的石墨。然后接着经过配备有氧化锆球的搅拌式球磨机。制成的分散体具有2200mPas的高粘度。6天后开始石墨的沉降。
对比例2：用于锻造工业的石墨分散体
根据对比例1，现在添加分子量为12600、HLB值为20的聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯共聚物。从对比例1中所用的水量75kg中扣除聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯共聚物的量。
在带有搅拌器的容器中预先加入73kg去离子水并将5kg硅酸钠溶于其中。然后添加2kg聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯共聚物并随后在搅拌下添加20kg的平均粒子尺寸d50＝1.5μm的石墨。然后接着经过配备有氧化锆球的搅拌式球磨机。制成的分散体具有1020mPas的高粘度。6天后开始石墨沉降。
对比例3：氮化硼分散体
根据对比例2，现在添加20kg的平均粒子尺寸d50＝1.8μm的氮化硼代替石墨。制成的分散体具有1310mPas的高粘度。6天后开始氮化硼沉降。
本发明的实施例
实施例1：用于锻造工业的石墨分散体
在根据对比例1实施的此本发明的实施例中，现在以含有35％的聚合物A9的水溶液形式添加聚合物A9。对应于对比例1的所使用的水的量减去所添加的35％的聚合物A9的水溶液的量。
在带有搅拌器的容器中预先添加73kg去离子水并将5kg硅酸钠溶于其中。然后添加作为35％的水溶液形式的2kg聚合物A9并随后在搅拌下添加20kg的平均粒子尺寸d50＝1.5μm的石墨。然后接着经过配备有氧化锆球的搅拌式球磨机。制成的分散体具有550mPas的粘度，并且贮存稳定多于4周。
与对比例1相比，根据本发明的实施例1的粘度低约4倍，并且很适合于喷涂。聚合物A9的使用也是著地改善了分散体稳定性。
实施例2：二硫化钼分散体
如在实施例1中用聚合物A9实施的那样，添加20kg的平均粒子尺寸d50＝1.4μm的二硫化钼代替石墨。制成的分散体具有330mPas的低粘度，并且贮存稳定多于4周。
实施例3：氮化硼分散体
如在实施例1中用聚合物A9实施的那样，添加20kg平均粒子尺寸d50＝1.8μm的氮化硼代替石墨。制成的分散体具有460mPas的低粘度，并且贮存稳定多于4周。
实施例4：用于像屏涂层的石墨分散体
在本实施例中使用聚合物A2。
在对应于实施例1的搅拌容器中预先加入62kg水和作为40％的水溶液形式的1.5kg聚合物A2。在持续不断的搅拌下溶解13kg硅酸钠，然后添加15kg平均粒子尺寸d50＝0.1μm的氧化铁以及8.5kg平均粒子尺寸d50＝1.5μm的石墨。然后按照实施例1接着通过搅拌式球磨机。获得的分散体具有380mPas的低粘度并且贮存稳定多于4周。
实施例5：用于橡胶涂层的石墨分散体
在搅拌容器中预先加入50kg具有固体含量为49％的热反应性丙烯酸系胶乳聚合物乳液。然后在持续搅拌下用30kg去离子水稀释该乳液。然后添加作为40％的水溶液形式的2kg聚合物A2，并搅拌加入18kg平均粒子尺寸d50＝1.8μm的石墨。该分散体不经进一步处理即可使用，并且具有650mPas的低粘度。该分散体也显示出多于4周的贮存稳定性。
当然，本发明不限于所示及所描述的实施例。
Claims (13)
1.一种颗粒的稳定水分散体，其中通过聚合物稳定剂将颗粒稳定在含水介质中，其特征在于，所述稳定剂是聚羧酸盐，并且所述聚羧酸盐具有结构式A，
其中，
M＝氢、碱金属离子、碱土金属离子、二价或三价金属离子、铵离子、有机铵基团或它们的混合物，
R＝氢或甲基，各个R彼此独立，
R1和R2＝C1至C20烷基，环烷基，或烷基芳基，-[AO]n-R4，其中A＝C2至C4亚烷基，R4＝C1至C20烷基，环己基或烷基芳基，且n＝2-250，
R3-NH2、-NR5R6、-OR7NR8R9，其中R5和R6彼此独立，为C1至C20烷基、环烷基或烷基芳基或芳基，或为羟基烷基，或为乙酰氧基乙基(CH3-CO-O-CH2-CH2-)、羟基异丙基(HO-CH(CH3)-CH2-)、乙酰氧基异丙基(CH3-CO-O-CH(CH3)-CH2-)，或R5和R6一起形成一个环，氮是该环的一部分，以构成吗啉环或咪唑啉环，其中R7为C2-C4亚烷基，且R8和R9彼此独立，为C1至C20烷基、环烷基、烷基芳基或芳基，或者为羟基烷基，
a/b/c/d＝(0.2-0.8)/(0.199-0.799)/(0.001-0.09)/(0-0.06)或
(0.2-0.8)/(0.19-0.79)/(0-0.1)/(0.01-0.3)，
且a+b+c+d＝1。
2.根据权利要求1的稳定水分散体，其特征在于，所述聚羧酸盐具有对应于梳状结构的侧链。
3.根据权利要求1或2的稳定水分散体，其特征在于，所述羟基烷基为羟基乙基、羟基丙基、羟基丁基。
4.根据权利要求1-3之一的稳定水分散体，其特征在于，所述颗粒由石墨、金属、金属合金、金属化合物和/或有机化合物以及上述物质的组合组成。
5.根据前述权利要求之一的稳定水分散体，其特征在于，所述颗粒是矿物。
6.根据权利要求5的稳定水分散体，其特征在于，所述颗粒是薄片状矿物。
7.根据权利要求5的稳定水分散体，其特征在于，所述颗粒是石墨、粘土矿物、高岭土、二硫化钼、云母、氮化硼、微滑石、水滑石、蒙脱石或它们的混合物。
8.根据前述权利要求之一的稳定水分散体，其特征在于，所述颗粒是导电性的。
9.根据前述权利要求之一的稳定水分散体，其特征在于，所述分散体具有200至900mPas的粘度。
10.根据前述权利要求之一的稳定水分散体，其特征在于，所述分散体具有300至600mPas的粘度。
11.根据前述权利要求之一的稳定水分散体用作润滑剂、脱模剂、涂层和/或用于喷涂领域中的用途。
12.制备权利要求1至10中任一项的稳定水分散体的方法，其特征在于，预先加入水，加入聚羧酸盐的水溶液，并加入待悬浮的颗粒。
13.权利要求12的制备稳定水分散体的方法，其特征在于，在添加所述颗粒之后，在搅拌式球磨机中进一步处理如此获得的溶液。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04006670A EP1577372A1 (de) | 2004-03-19 | 2004-03-19 | Stabile wässrige Dispersion von Partikeln sowie Verwendung und Herstellungsverfahren solcher Dispersionen |
| EP04006670.6 | 2004-03-19 | ||
| PCT/EP2005/051277 WO2005090533A1 (de) | 2004-03-19 | 2005-03-18 | Stabile wässrige dispersion von partikeln sowie verwendung und herstellungsverfahren solcher dispersionen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101068911A CN101068911A (zh) | 2007-11-07 |
| CN101068911B true CN101068911B (zh) | 2012-11-07 |
Family
ID=34833660
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2005800087729A Expired - Fee Related CN101068911B (zh) | 2004-03-19 | 2005-03-18 | 颗粒的稳定水分散体以及这样的分散体的用途和制备方法 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US20070197705A1 (zh) |
| EP (2) | EP1577372A1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN101068911B (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU2005223400A1 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2559767A1 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MXPA06010462A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2005090533A1 (zh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200607987B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2007245674B2 (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2013-05-23 | Basf Se | Copolymers as scale inhibitors |
| WO2008049872A2 (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2008-05-02 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Aqueous suspension comprising a layered double hydroxide |
| DE502007006555D1 (de) * | 2007-10-29 | 2011-04-07 | Sika Technology Ag | Dispergiermittel für hydraulisch abbindende Systeme |
| WO2012018242A2 (ko) * | 2010-08-05 | 2012-02-09 | 한화케미칼 주식회사 | 탄소소재를 이용한 고효율 방열도료 조성물 |
| US9052289B2 (en) | 2010-12-13 | 2015-06-09 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) detection using functionalized nanoparticles |
| WO2013147284A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-26 | 2013-10-03 | 協和化学工業株式会社 | 微細ハイドロタルサイト粒子 |
| US10168709B2 (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2019-01-01 | Irobot Corporation | Systems and methods for configurable operation of a robot based on area classification |
| CN107903986B (zh) * | 2017-10-30 | 2020-08-18 | 洛斯石油（浙江）有限公司 | 一种润滑油抗磨添加剂的制备方法 |
| EP4444835A1 (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2024-10-16 | Dow Global Technologies LLC | Aqueous graphite lubricant compositions |
| CA3239620A1 (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2023-06-15 | Hema Sagar GIDDI | Lubricant compositions including polymeric dispersants |
| CA3239618A1 (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2023-06-15 | Hema Sagar GIDDI | Aqueous graphite lubricant compositions comprising dispersants |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3873458A (en) * | 1973-05-18 | 1975-03-25 | United States Steel Corp | Resin-containing lubricant coatings |
| US4303537A (en) * | 1978-11-15 | 1981-12-01 | Dow Corning Gmbh | Water based lubricant |
| US20030148915A1 (en) * | 2000-06-09 | 2003-08-07 | Peter Neumann | Polymers used as controllable dispersing agents |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2978428A (en) * | 1957-08-01 | 1961-04-04 | Surface Chemical Dev Corp | Aqueous suspensions of colloidal graphite and their preparation |
| US4401579A (en) * | 1981-09-03 | 1983-08-30 | Acheson Industries, Inc. | Water-based metal forming lubricant composition and process |
| US5476580A (en) * | 1993-05-17 | 1995-12-19 | Electrochemicals Inc. | Processes for preparing a non-conductive substrate for electroplating |
| US5800739A (en) * | 1996-04-11 | 1998-09-01 | Shipley Company, L.L.C. | Stabilized dispersions of graphite particles |
| US6294014B1 (en) * | 1999-12-16 | 2001-09-25 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Pigment dispersions containing dispersants prepared by controlled radical polymerization and having pendent hydrophilic polymeric segments |
| EP1136508B1 (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2013-08-14 | Sika Technology AG | Cement admixture for improved slump life |
| EP1138696A1 (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-04 | Sika AG, vorm. Kaspar Winkler & Co. | Polymers for cement dispersing admixtures |
| US20020162749A1 (en) * | 2001-03-02 | 2002-11-07 | Emmonds Donald D. | Apparatus and methods for continuously electrocoating metal blanks and/or coiled metal substrates |
| DE10125237A1 (de) * | 2001-05-22 | 2002-11-28 | Basf Ag | Wasserlösliche Polymerisate von Estern aus Acrylsäure und Alkylpolyalkylenglykolen |
| EP1348729A1 (de) * | 2002-03-25 | 2003-10-01 | Sika Schweiz AG | Polymere in festem Aggregatzustand |
| DE10237286A1 (de) * | 2002-08-14 | 2004-02-26 | Degussa Construction Chemicals Gmbh | Verwendung von Blockcopolymeren als Dilpergiermittel für wässrige Feststoff-Suspensionen |
-
2004
- 2004-03-19 EP EP04006670A patent/EP1577372A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-03-18 ZA ZA200607987A patent/ZA200607987B/xx unknown
- 2005-03-18 MX MXPA06010462A patent/MXPA06010462A/es unknown
- 2005-03-18 AU AU2005223400A patent/AU2005223400A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-03-18 CA CA002559767A patent/CA2559767A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-03-18 US US10/592,125 patent/US20070197705A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-03-18 EP EP05729613A patent/EP1727881A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-03-18 CN CN2005800087729A patent/CN101068911B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-18 WO PCT/EP2005/051277 patent/WO2005090533A1/de active Application Filing
-
2008
- 2008-09-04 US US12/230,748 patent/US20090018246A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3873458A (en) * | 1973-05-18 | 1975-03-25 | United States Steel Corp | Resin-containing lubricant coatings |
| US4303537A (en) * | 1978-11-15 | 1981-12-01 | Dow Corning Gmbh | Water based lubricant |
| US20030148915A1 (en) * | 2000-06-09 | 2003-08-07 | Peter Neumann | Polymers used as controllable dispersing agents |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20070197705A1 (en) | 2007-08-23 |
| MXPA06010462A (es) | 2007-05-04 |
| AU2005223400A1 (en) | 2005-09-29 |
| CN101068911A (zh) | 2007-11-07 |
| US20090018246A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
| WO2005090533A1 (de) | 2005-09-29 |
| ZA200607987B (en) | 2009-01-28 |
| EP1727881A1 (de) | 2006-12-06 |
| CA2559767A1 (en) | 2005-09-29 |
| EP1577372A1 (de) | 2005-09-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101068911B (zh) | 颗粒的稳定水分散体以及这样的分散体的用途和制备方法 | |
| US8198220B2 (en) | Wellbore treatment compositions comprising hydrophilically modified polymers and nonionic surfactants | |
| EP0057576B1 (en) | Aqueous coal dispersions | |
| US9902919B2 (en) | Electrorheological compositions | |
| US20090305052A1 (en) | Stable Aqueous Graphite Dispersion With High Solids Content | |
| JP2660123B2 (ja) | 電解質含有分散相と一緒のポリマー分散液を基にした電気粘性液体 | |
| MX2011000541A (es) | Proceso para adaptar composiciones de recubrimiento portadas en agua. | |
| US20020045703A1 (en) | Processes for preparing aqueous polymer emulsions | |
| JP5897303B2 (ja) | 水性インク用顔料 | |
| CN109749722B (zh) | 一种自润滑液体状支化聚合物提切剂及其制备方法和油基钻井液 | |
| SE506652C2 (sv) | Sampolymerer av styren och maleinsyra-halvester och användning därav som tillsatsmedel för cementkompositioner | |
| EP0432601A1 (de) | Elektroviskose Flüssigkeiten auf der Basis dispergierter Polyether | |
| EP0158321B1 (en) | Coal-aqueous mixtures | |
| JP3938955B2 (ja) | 導電性基材の塗装方法 | |
| JPH0316997B2 (zh) | ||
| JP2001220544A (ja) | 水分散塗料組成物 | |
| CN116179022B (zh) | 一种高耐水聚合物改性沥青防水涂料及其制备方法 | |
| CN118265766A (zh) | 包含分散剂的含水石墨润滑剂组合物 | |
| CN118215725A (zh) | 水性石墨润滑剂组合物 | |
| EP1136543B1 (en) | Use of Polyether Copolymer as Rheology Control Additive | |
| JP6368878B1 (ja) | 塗料組成物調製用水性シリコーン樹脂エマルションの製造方法 | |
| CN116376400A (zh) | 水性环氧厚浆涂料及其制备方法 | |
| CN115466351A (zh) | 一种两亲性稠油降粘剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
| JP2000144163A (ja) | 潤滑剤 | |
| EP0430290A2 (en) | Process for producing aqueous pigment pastes and pigment pastes produced thereby |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20121107 Termination date: 20140318 |