CN101067513A

CN101067513A - Multiple green house solar energy heat utilizing device combined with building

Info

Publication number: CN101067513A
Application number: CN 200610169146
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王济堂
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-12-18
Filing date: 2006-12-18
Publication date: 2007-11-07

Abstract

A kind of new multiple greenhouse solar energy utilized installment makes the multiple greenhouse installed on the wall of the lower end of outside of window of the building or the none widow wall and the received light face of the installment is consisted of the multiple-layer clarity board or transparency film. The solar energy collector lies in this greenhouse and connects with the hot water tank in the indoor or balcony by the flexible pipe. The collector also can be used as the air collector with the metal board installing in it and connects the thermal converter in the water tank by the utilidor and the gas pump so this conforms to the new hot air source pump. After the water in collector is heated by the sun the hot water tank's water is heated or boiled by the convection. The experiment approves that: the multiple greenhouses and the hot air source pump may improve the environment temperature and reduce the cost largely and improve the thermal efficiency of collector to 90% above also in the aspects of thermal performance, installment and maintenance, use and so on it is privilege to the vacuum solar water heater. Also it can assemble in large area on the top of roof and field in order to implement the cosmically and cheapness and collectivize use.

Description

The multiple green house solar energy heat use device that combines with building

Affiliated technical field

The present invention is a kind of new type solar energy heat utilization device.

Background technology

Existing solar energy utilization technique mainly contains two big classes: flat board and vacuum tube solar water-heater.The former is owing to the end face radiation loss seriously causes the thermal efficiency very low, and only about 35%, used " honeycomb " to force to suppress the top heat radiation afterwards, most effectively also only reach 50%.The latter forces to suppress the top heat radiation with " vacuum ", and the thermal efficiency increases, and reaches 58%, and this is still very limited.And because vacuum technique is extremely complicated, difficulty is very big, cost is increased sharply: existing sale price of market has reached 5000---6000 unit/platform.Most of people can't bear fully.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned weak point of existing plate solar heat hydrophone, the present invention has done further improvement with it, it is combined with " multiple green house ", and combine with building, can reduce cost, improve the thermal efficiency so simultaneously, and make, transport, install, use also more convenient.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems mainly contains following 6 new basic structural features, now is respectively described below:

Feature one: " window type multiple green house solar energy heat use device " basic structural feature

Its basic structure is after heliogreenhouse is made important improvement, is installed in the lower end, window outside of building, then solar thermal collector is positioned in the greenhouse, and it is interior or indoor that boiler then generally is positioned over balcony.Its concrete structure is seen Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3.

Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are the side cut away view of window type multiple green house solar energy heat use device, multiple green house is made skeleton by hard material (angle steel etc.) earlier, sensitive surface is made of multi-layer transparent book plate or book film (1), it all is attached on the skeleton with bottom surface (2), end face (3), the back side (4) and two sides of being made by insulation material, constitute the multiple green house of a sealing, it is trapezoidal that the side is.The back side (4) is vertical plane, contacts closely and is screwed firmly with the Lower Half of window frame (5) or the outer surface of window lower end wall (6).

Multiple green house can with indoor or balcony in be communicated with, as Fig. 1, the glass pane that the back side, greenhouse (4) are located removes, the plank of the back side (4) also removes, frame and a window frame (5) binding around only remaining.Like this, the air in the indoor or balcony can with the mutual convection current of the air in the greenhouse.This generally is applicable to the window of balcony, and shorter because of lower end wall (6), (26) only high 0.5----0.6m overhead can motionless (not digging) wall.

Multiple green house can not be communicated with indoor yet, and as Fig. 2, lower end wall (6) separates air in room air and the greenhouse, mutually can not convection current.This generally is applicable to the window of no balcony, because of lower end wall (6) higher, overhead about (13) high 1.2m.

The heat collector (7) of solar water heater is tilted to be positioned in the multiple green house, see Fig. 1, Fig. 2.Boiled water tank that will be more small-sized (8) be fixed on indoor or balcony in locate by the window, for example it is fixed on the window frame (5) by support (13), also it can be fixed on heat collector upper end (see figure 4) in heat collector is positioned over multiple green house.Relatively large boiler (9) then is fixed on upper end wall (10), the interior or indoor back of balcony wall (17), side wall (42) and the ceiling (11) of close window in indoor or the balcony and locates.Passing window with seal tube (12) is communicated with heat collector (7) with boiled water tank (8) and boiler (9) sealing.Indoor running water pipe also is communicated with boiled water tank (8) and boiler (9) to carry cold water.Also have pipeline with the delivery of boiler (9) to indoor water place (money wash between or kitchen).Boiling water can be directly picks out from the switch (16) of boiled water tank (8), and also the switch of flexible pipe (15) left end that can be connected from the lower end with heat collector (7) picks out.

So just constituted " window type multiple green house solar energy heat use device ", its front view (front view in balcony outside the looking glass) is as Fig. 3: heat collector (7) (can be 1, two or more) is communicated with boiled water tank (8) sealing by seal tube (12), and heat collector (14) (also can be 1, two or more) passes through seal tube (12) and seals with boiler (9) and be communicated with.

The operation principle of this device is as follows: sunshine sees through multi-layer transparent book plate or book film (1) shines heat collector (7) or heat collector (14) upward and with water wherein heats, these hot water again by the cold water convection circulation in seal tube (12) and boiler (9) or the boiled water tank (8), with the cold water heating, experiment proves: can also be all that cold water is boiled throughout the year.

The beneficial effect that above-mentioned new construction produces is:

------thermal efficiency is up to more than 90%: multiple green house can increase substantially temperature in the greenhouse, be the environment temperature of heat collector, reduces the temperature difference of heat collector and environment, promptly reduces the radiation loss of heat collector, thereby increase substantially the thermal efficiency of heat collector.Experiment proves: at the such severe cold areas in Xining, Qinghai Province, all can reach 40---50 ℃ or more in the greenhouse December, and on December 8th, 05 reached 51 ℃, and all reach 46 ℃ December 22 (Winter Solstice).According to test, at this moment the thermal efficiency reaches (present age, best vacuum tube solar water-heater only reached 58%) more than 90%, also to add from environment and be higher than the water heater temperature because of the most time environment temperature to the heat----that water heater flows backwards, heat does not does not only scatter and disappear from heat collector, must flow backwards to water heater from environment on the contrary.

------totle drilling cost can be placed collector area 1～1.5m less than 50%: of vacuum tube ²The cost of the window type multiple green house of heat collector is 50--60 unit only.Environment in the greenhouse is very dry, stable, the not influence of any extraneous factor such as wind-engaging sleet, therefore the requirement to each side such as the material of heat collector, intensity, manufacturing process all can reduce significantly, available flat plate collector, and only need be with simply than the heat-insulation layer of book.Like this, every m ²Only about 100 yuan, whole solar hot water system's (water capacity 120---150 kilogram) totle drilling cost is only about 400 yuan for the heat collector cost.And the corresponding cost of vacuum tube is a 800--1000 unit.More than be experiment (the actual manufacturing) data in 2005.

------investment of production equipment is also lacked a lot than vacuum tube: vacuum tube is wanted more than 150 ten thousand yuan, and this product needs only several ten thousand yuan.

-----installation, regular maintenance-maintenance, all simple a lot of than vacuum tube, everything all can carry out at " family ": the workman install this device resemble install the width of cloth curtain simple, regular maintenance (for example wiping the dust of end face outside the greenhouse), be equivalent to wipe a windowpane, or the like, all lift a finger.And to the too attached water heater of vacuum tube, do everything and all will climb to the top of the roof----and the general user can not climb the roof, the workman that all will spend to ask, these all are pretty troublesome.

------is extremely easy to use: inlet tube and outlet tube all with open, that boiler is fixedlyed connected is good, whole device does not move at ordinary times.Switch one leaves, can be from cold water on the running water pipe feed-tank, have pipeline hot water is passed to water place----automatically money is washed between or the kitchen.Can directly boiling water be received the household thermos bottle from boiled water tank, or the heat collector pipeline directly organically is connected with the boiled water tank of household drinker, make drinking water convenient.

The greenhouse of-----to being communicated with balcony, the north also can utilize indoor heating installation winter, makes evening also icing in the greenhouse in.This makes the plate solar heat hydrophone can use (can only use for three seasons originally, can not use because of freezing winter) in the north throughout the year, and this has also obtained experiment confirm.

-----other aspects: it does not influence window daylighting fully.Do not influence the usable floor area in balcony or room fully, can decorate very attractive in appearancely yet.Greenhouse and heat collector all are positioned at the window outside, and the inclination angle of heat collector and orientation can be regulated arbitrarily, thereby can fully receive the sunshine from any direction and height.Because in dry, stable environment, material can not damage, so service life is also than vacuum pipe range.The multiple green house of each resident family of whole building can stretch out outside window and decorates appearance very attractive in appearance and do not influence the attractive in appearance of residential area external environment condition by unified standard.Vacuum tube solar water-heater influences the attractive in appearance of dwelling house external environment condition because of putting the roof, and a lot of residential areas are forbidden roof placement solar water heater.

And so on, its beneficial effect also has a lot.

Feature two: the new construction feature of multiple green house

In order to improve the temperature in the multiple green house, can adopt following new construction measure:

The end face (sensitive surface) in----greenhouse is made of multi-layer transparent book plate or book film (1), and every one have an air layer between two-layer, so be called multiple green house.Like this, the more difficult outside, greenhouse that is dispersed into of heat.Multi-layer transparent book film is book very all, does not also influence sunshine and penetrates the greenhouse.

The end, side, the back side in----greenhouse, the skeleton that all has hard material (angle steel etc.) to make, stick insulation material again, and within it on the surface, stick the material that Ji absorbs sunshine heat, not only heat radiation easily, self-temperature easily but also raises easily, for example on sand, water dark asphalt paint, or the like.

----multiple green house is sealing as far as possible, and the back side is made the plane, is adjacent to sealing with window frame or wall, and the greenhouse inner air and outer air is not circulated mutually.

The beneficial effect that above-mentioned new construction measure produces, all be help raising temperature in the greenhouse, reduce the radiation loss in greenhouse, promptly improve the environment temperature of heat collector, thus the raising thermal efficiency.

Feature three: the two sharp narrow shape architectural features of the intersection of multiple green house

Its concrete structure is seen Fig. 4 (side view): in the inside of original window type multiple green house, place the less multi-layer transparent book film (19) of bigger multi-layer transparent book film (18) in inclination angle and inclination angle again, the two links at the A place.So just constitute near the sharp narrow shape of " horizontal positioned ", similar trapezoidal structure ABCD: because of the CB limit very short, only several centimeters, AD also has only tens----twenties centimeters, so its side view is similar trapezoidal sharp narrow shape structure, constitute sharp narrow shape, the similar trapezoidal structure DEFG of " vertically placing " again: same, all very short because of EF limit, GD limit, its side view also is similar trapezoidal sharp narrow shape structure.The two connection that crosses one another at A, D, G place is so be called " the two sharp narrow shape structures of intersection ".

Then heat collector (7) or heat collector (14) are tilted to be positioned among the trapezoidal DEFG, again the atrament (20) that the upper surface of (2) is spread the absorptivity height, can in time be dispelled the heat again on the limit.Originally the multi-layer transparent book plate of end face or book film (1) just can be 1 layer or 2 layers.All the other syndetons (water tank etc.) are constant.

The beneficial effect that this structure produces is: [1] sunshine is except shining on the heat collector, also shine simultaneously on the upper surface atrament (20) of area outside the heat collector, limit (2), its absorption and the heat (hot-air) that distributes must rise in the trapezoidal DEFG automatically, make its temperature higher, the environment temperature that is heat collector is higher, thereby the thermal efficiency is higher, has just utilized the sunshine outside the heat collector surface to improve the environment temperature and the thermal efficiency.[2] experimental results show that the temperature in the greenhouse of sharp narrow shape is higher, the greenhouse temperature further improves, also further raising of the thermal efficiency and this " intersect two sharp narrow shape structures " that is positioned at original window type greenhouse makes.

Feature four: vertically two sharp narrow shape architectural features of multiple green house

Its concrete structure (side view) is seen Fig. 5: multiple green house still is close to hard skeleton Shang Ju by each face.Do longlyer, its back side is still the plane, closely is attached to windowless wall (25) and goes up (available swell fixture fixation).Sensitive surface is made up of tilt transparent book plate or book film (22) and vertical transparent book plate or book film (28), and bottom surface (2) and two sides still have insulation material.

Solar thermal collector (7) tilts to be placed on the greenhouse internal upper part, and the upper end leans against on the wall (25), and the lower end is placed on the grillage (27) that firmly links with wall (25).The flexible pipe (12) of upper end passes wall and is communicated with indoor tank seal.Hang plate (21) is placed on bottom in the greenhouse, and its upper end links to each other with grillage (27), the lower end links to each other with bottom surface (2), and its outer surface posts atrament (20).

At the greenhouse internal upper part, place multi-layer transparent book film (24) again, it and inclination heat collector (the quadrangle abcd that it is sharp narrow shape that 7) Ju become a side view.Bottom in the greenhouse places multi-layer transparent book film (23) again, and (it is the similar leg-of-mutton structure abe of sharp narrow shape that 21) Ju become a side view, and is communicated with the quadrangle abcd of the narrow shape of point with hang plate for it.Because the two is all along vertical direction, so be called " vertically two sharp narrow shape structure "

Like this, sunshine is radiated at heat collector (7) simultaneously and inclination is pulled on the atrament (20) of (21) outer surface, the former still makes hot water with the sunshine heat, the latter then makes hot-air-----atrament (20) with the sunshine heat and absorbs solar energy, be dispersed in the interior air of similar triangular structure abe after being transformed into heat energy, these hot-airs must rise in the quadrangle abcd automatically, be used to improve heat collector (7) thereby the environment temperature of the end face raising thermal efficiency again.Because similar triangular structure abe and quadrangle abcd are sharp narrow shape, thereby the higher thermal efficiency of the environment temperature of their inside is also higher.

This structure generally is installed in the position that does not have window of building wall, so wall has enough vertical length to utilize, and does not influence the use, attractive in appearance or the like of window fully.This structure appearance also can be unified to make very attractive in appearancely, does not influence uptown external environment condition.

Above characteristics also are the beneficial effects of this structure.

Feature five: the new construction feature of heat collector in the multiple green house

Fig. 6 is the side view of the basic structure of existing flat plate collector (7).Its end, side heat-insulation layer (31) are close to outer bottom and side (its outer surface scribbles the black spectrum selective paint) of heat collector water tank (29), and the top is connected with multi-layer transparent cover (30), the flexible pipe of upper end (12) be used for open, boiler is tightly connected.Now it is done following improvement:

1, heat collector water tank (29) makes super book interlayer, its three-view diagram such as Fig. 7 with metal book plate.Space thickness has only 1-10mm, promptly every m in the interlayer ²Water capacity has only 2,3kg.Water-filling in the interlayer, the interlayer outer surface scribbles the black spectrum selective paint.Its beneficial effect is that the water in the interlayer is easy to be shone heat, rapidly heat is delivered in the water of boiler (9) or boiled water tank (8) by convection current then.Experiment has proved that the interlayer of book burns heat, particularly easier that water is boiled than thick interlayer is easier with water.

2, as Fig. 8, also can fill other on-aqueous liquids in the super book sandwich heat-collecting device water tank (29), space thickness has only 1-10mm in the interlayer, and sealed to each other connection of on-aqueous liquid in and the heat exchanger (32) interior with flexible pipe (12), still conducts heat mutually with convection type.Heat exchanger (32) is also become by the pipeline Lian Tong Ju of some hollows, boiled water tank (8) or boiler (9) (promptly water wherein can not spill from sealing (33)) are stretched in sealing again, in the mode of conduction heat transfer water is wherein burnt heat or boiled, but the on-aqueous liquid in the heat exchanger (32) can not leak in wherein the water.

3, super book sandwich heat-collecting device water tank shown in Figure 7 (29), also available transparent book plate makes that (space thickness still has only 1-10mm in the interlayer,), its back side scribbles black spectrum selective paint (34), or be close to again at its back side and paste the transparent sandwich (35) that one deck inside is full of black liquor, still water-filling in the super book sandwich heat-collecting device water tank (29), and by flexible pipe (12) with open, boiler directly seals and is communicated with.

Operation principle: sunshine can see through this transparent sandwich of heat collector water tank (29) and water wherein, be radiated on the black spectrum selective paint (34) at the back side, or be radiated on the transparent sandwich (35) that inside, the back side is full of black liquor, the heat that is transformed into is the water from bottom surface (back side) heating interlayer of this transparent sandwich of heat collector water tank (29) again, and by flexible pipe (12) convection current, final heating is opened, the water in the boiler.

The beneficial effect that this structure produces is: [1] solar energy is transformed into heat energy and comes water the heating interlayer from the bottom surface (back side) of this transparent sandwich of heat collector water tank (29), therefore the temperature of its transparent top (36) just very low-----with interlayer in the temperature of the water that contacts with it equal, so the radiation loss of transparent top (36) is with regard to seldom.When environment temperature was higher than water temperature, the heat collector heat did not only lose, and on the contrary from the aqueous reflux more heat of environment to heat collector water tank (29), therefore can obtain more hot water.

[2] experiment proof already: near 1, and emissivity surpasses best spectrum selective paint near 0 to a lot of black liquors to the absorptivity of sunshine, and also have be difficult for damaging, be advantages such as the life-span is long.Therefore, replace spectrum selective paint with the inner transparent sandwich (35) that is full of black liquor, the thermal efficiency is higher.

4, super book sandwich heat-collecting device water tank shown in Figure 7 (29), also can be that end face (36) is made with transparent book plate, its back side, side can be made with opaque book plate, be full of black liquor in the interlayer, space thickness has only 1-10mm in the interlayer, and with flexible pipe (12), heat exchanger (32) in sealed to each other connection of black liquor.Heat exchanger (32) seals and stretches into boiled water tank (8) or boiler (9) (promptly water wherein can not spill from sealing (33)), in the mode of conduction heat transfer water is wherein burnt heat or boiled, but the black liquor in the heat exchanger (32) can not leak in wherein the water.This structure just no longer needs its inside to fill the transparent sandwich of black liquor (35), and its back side does not need coating black spectrum selective paint (34) yet again.

The beneficial effect that this structure produces remain black liquor to the absorptivity of sunshine near 1, and emissivity is near 0, the temperature of transparent top (36) is very low, radiation loss seldom, on the contrary from environment to heat collector flow backwards more heat-----finally be the thermal efficiency higher, can obtain more hot water.

Feature six: novel air heat collector and multiple green house hot air source pump

With many equidistant parallel lines that draw earlier on the metal book sheet, become shape shown in Figure 12 along the parallel lines folding again: " mountain peak " of a plurality of same triangular shapes links to each other successively, its cross section is that a plurality of same triangles link to each other successively, just constitutes triangular shape metal book sheet (45), sees Figure 12.Also metal book sheet folding can be become forked metal book sheet (58)-----its profile metallic tines, see Figure 14.With the upper surface of these two kinds of metal book sheets coat the black spectrum selective paint, a plurality of corner angle in lower end are fixedlyed connected with heat collector bottom surface heat-insulation layer (31), see Figure 12, Figure 14.With the water tank (29) in its replacement flat plate collector shown in Figure 6, just constitute Figure 13 and solar energy air heat collector shown in Figure 14 again.Its upper end has gas outlet (49), the lower end has air inlet (50).It is positioned in the multiple green house abcdef, makes that its upper end is connected with the inner surface at the back side in the greenhouse, the inner surface of end picture is connected in lower end and the greenhouse.

Heat exchanger (32) constitutes (generally using metal tube) by the pipeline of bending, be positioned in the boiler (9), be connected with bottom surface in the boiler (9), but pipeline is bent upwards, make its air admission hole (57), venthole (58) be positioned at the top edge of water tank (9), Figure 15 is seen in just no longer punching of the end of water tank (9), side like this.

The utilidor (51) of giving vent to anger passes multiple green house, is communicated with air admission hole (57) sealing of gas outlet (49), air pump (52) and heat exchanger (32) successively.Also have air inlet utilidor (53) also to pass multiple green house, two ends are communicated with the venthole (58) of heat exchanger (32), air inlet (50) sealing of heat collector respectively, just constitute a kind of novel " multiple green house hot air source pump ", see Figure 15.

Its operation principle is as follows: sunshine sees through the transparent top of greenhouse and heat collector, be mapped on the surface of triangular shape metal book sheet (45) or forked metal book sheet (58), this lip-deep black spectrum selective paint fully absorbs sunshine and changes heat energy into, be dispersed into again that----is triangular shape or forked because of metal book sheet in the space in the heat collector, be again to dispel the heat simultaneously in the two sides, just increased area of dissipation greatly, made heat radiation more abundant.

Because of heat collector tilts to place, hot-air rises from the upper and lower surface of triangular shape metal book sheet (45) or forked metal book sheet (58), from gas outlet (49) along give vent to anger utilidor (51) from air admission hole (57) flow to heat exchanger (32), with the water the heat transferred water tank (9).Hot-air after the cooling is again from the venthole (58) of heat exchanger, air inlet (50) along air inlet utilidor (53) from heat collector flows to the lower end of heat collector inside, be heated again, rise ... so continuous reciprocation cycle, the water in the water tank (9) just is heated gradually.Air pump (52) can be controlled the flowing velocity of hot-air, and the water in the water tank (9) can be absorbed heat from heat exchanger (32) fully.

The beneficial effect that this novel " hot air source pump " produces mainly is: because air collector constantly produces hot-air by sunshine, make hot-air that the source arranged, and temperature is higher (experimental results show that temperature all reaches 70-80 ℃ in the greenhouse in winter, summer temperature is higher), therefore export the ratio of energy (adding hot water) and input energy (power consumption), considerably beyond 2,3 times of existing air source heat pump; And owing to heat collector is simplified greatly, heat collector and a whole set of system of aqueduct of no longer needing to hold water (are the main systems in the flat plate collector, processing maintenance is difficult, cost is higher), and replace very simple, cheap, light metal book sheet and air duct, or the like, cost is descended significantly; Also have in addition definitely not to be afraid of winter and numerous advantages such as freeze, processing and manufacturing and installation and maintenance are simple and convenient.

In reality, " heated air source " also has a lot, for example indoor heating installation, the high-temperature workshop of factory (particularly steel-making blast furnace workshop etc.), the ground----that shines upon is barren hillside, the river shoal that stone is arranged, sandy beach particularly, Gobi desert, desert, even artificial cement flooring, roof, metope, all can produce a large amount of hot-airs naturally.Only need above-mentioned air collector is improved a little, just can be used as thermal source, the generation cheap hot water of above-mentioned " hot air source pump ".Auspicious seeing below " embodiment eight, nine, ten ".

Description of drawings

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are the side cut away view of window type multiple green house solar energy heat use device.

Fig. 3 is the front view of window type multiple green house solar energy heat use device.

Fig. 4 is the two sharp narrow shape structure side views of the intersection of multiple green house.

Fig. 5 is vertically two sharp narrow shape structure side views of multiple green house.

Fig. 6 is the side view of the basic structure of flat plate collector.

Fig. 7 is the three-view diagram of super book sandwich heat-collecting device water tank.

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that fills the solar energy heat collector of other on-aqueous liquids (comprising the black liquor body).

Fig. 9 is the basic structure schematic diagram that multiple green house uses in roof large tracts of land combination-collectivization.

Figure 10 is the stereoscopic figure of the combined multiple green house solar energy water-boiling of windowless wall hot-water heating system.

Figure 11 is the side cut away view of device shown in Figure 10.

Figure 12 is the component diagram that triangular shape metal book sheet and heat collector bottom surface heat-insulation layer link.

Figure 13 is the stereogram of new type solar energy air collector,

Figure 14 is the side cut away view that is connected with the new type solar energy air collector of forked metal book sheet.

Figure 15 is the stereogram of novel multiple greenhouse hot air source pump basic structure.

Figure 16 is the stereogram that utilizes the novel air heat collector basic structure of earthbound solar energy thermal source.

Figure 17, Figure 18 are the stereograms that utilizes the novel air heat collector basic structure of existing radiator, steam heating pipe thermal source.

The specific embodiment

Above 5 new construction features are carried out different organic assembling, also can produce more new construction feature and more beneficial effect.Through scrutinizing and testing, the present invention chooses 10 specific embodiments altogether, now is respectively described below.

Embodiment one: family's window type multiple green house solar energy water-boiling hot-water heating system

This system at first considers following characteristics when designing: the required hot water of each family can be divided into two classes: a class is " low-temperature water heating ", is mainly used in the pin etc. of having a bath, do washing, wash one's face.Another kind of is boiling water or " high-temperature-hot-water ", also can be referred to as " kitchen water ", is used for directly drinking, doing food etc.

Requirement to the water quality of low-temperature water heating, water temperature is not high.Water temperature gets final product for about 40 ℃, and water tank etc. get final product with cheap galvanized iron sheet manufacturing.This hot water cost is lower, but requirement is bigger, and the water tank water capacity needs the 80-150 kilogram.

Boiling water or high-temperature-hot-water are higher to requirements in water quality, must meet hygienic standard.Therefore water tank etc. must be by expensive stainless steel or aluminum alloy materials manufacturing.Requirement to water temperature is also higher, preferably can be boiled or burn 70,80 ℃ (when the sun is little), be directly used in the dish that boils water or cook again, and just can be very fast boiled.Energy savings that like this could be more.The obvious cost of this hot water is higher, but requirement is little, about 10 kilograms of three-person household every day is enough, tens kilograms of bigger family of five every days are also enough, be equivalent to one barrel of water of normal domestic use breaker (from the requirement of health angle, the kitchen water should comprise used low-temperature water heatings such as washing bowls or vegetables, and at this moment available boiling water or high-temperature-hot-water are converted cold water becomes the low-temperature water heating use, and also available boiled water tank (8) burns low-temperature water heating).

This system is exactly that to manufacture and design----its distinguishing feature according to the home-use characteristics of opening the above-mentioned actual needs of hot water be with boiling water, hot water separately, just, can reduce cost cleverly like this, can satisfy actual needs again sun boiling water system and separately manufacturing and use respectively of hot-water heating system.Its concrete characteristics are as follows:

1, the installation site of water tank and occupation mode, see Fig. 3: the big boiler of insulation (9) of water capacity 80---150 kilogram is installed in the place, corner (can produce bigger downstream pressure like this) of putting off till ceiling in indoor or the balcony above the window, there is the pipeline room inside wall passes that is communicated with it to wait the water place between washing towards money, and is communicated with running water pipe.Only need reasonable gauge tap, just not only can flow down hot water automatically, but also running water cold water can have been poured into automatically water tank (9), promptly water, to go up water all very convenient.Although system scale is bigger, water tank (9), various water pipe, switch etc. all only use the cheap material and the technology manufacturing of anti-40 ℃ of left and right sides low temperature, so cost is still very low, and about 300---400 unit/cover.

And the little boiled water tank of insulation (8) of water capacity 15---20 kilogram (diameter, highly only about 0.3---0.4m gets final product) then is installed on the windowsill or higher slightly getting final product.There is switch (to the sort of mounting means of Fig. 1, Fig. 5, the lower end of heat collector (7) also is connected with delivery hose (15), and its left end also has switch) its lower end, can directly flow down boiling water or high-temperature-hot-water, pours into household thermos bottle, mentions kitchen etc. and locates to use.Also have pipeline that it is communicated with running water pipe, same switch one is opened and can be poured into cold water automatically.Be that water, last water are still very convenient.Although water tank (8), water pipe, switch etc. all will and meet material and technology manufacturing hygienic standard, expensive with anti-100 ℃ of high temperature,----each family only needs so little scale, and just enough----so cost are still lower, about 200---300 unit/cover but because of small scale.

2, boiler (9), boiled water tank (8) link to each other with separately heat collector (one or more) respectively, for example among Fig. 3, two heat collectors (14) link to each other with boiler (9) by flexible pipe (12) (passing wall or window), and two heat collectors (7) then link to each other with boiled water tank (8) by flexible pipe (12) (also being to pass wall or window) in addition.Each heat collector all tilts to be placed in the multiple green house of controlling oneself.The installation site of multiple green house and self different structure, the various improvement structures of heat collector, the operation principle of whole device and numerous superiority or the like, see Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, by above feature one-----feature five details description.

Embodiment two: window type multiple green house solar energy water-boiling system of office

Boiling water system among the embodiment one also is fit to be installed on the window that sunlight is arranged of office.Because of office does not generally have the balcony of parapet, has only the window of the high about 1.2m of wall, so only suitable installation diagram 2 and multiple green house (be not communicated with indoor, separate) shown in Figure 5 because of wall is arranged.Boiled water tank (8) just is fixed on the windowsill, is attached thereto in the multiple green house that logical heat collector still tilts to be positioned over outside window the lower end, and its size and number are by clerk's boiling water requirement decision.

Particularly, the flexible pipe (12) of solar heat collector can be linked to each other with common electric heating drinking water apparatus---organic assembling, can save much electricity, and make drinking water convenient.

Because all there are a large amount of offices in office's enormous amount-----each unit, so the market of this product and economic benefit, will be very huge also.

Embodiment three: roof multiple green house solar energy heat hydrophone

Also can adopt the existing the same occupation mode of vacuum tube solar water-heater: multiple green house is put roof, building and fixation, and the transparent spire face that is subjected to is over against south.At this moment this greenhouse must be totally-enclosed, and heat collector and water tank (9) are also put the greenhouse together into, and water tank (9) is positioned at tilted-putted heat collector upper end and is communicated with heat collector.The water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe of water tank (9) passes room below the roof puts in, greenhouse and leads to the water place.

Compare with existing vacuum tube solar water-heater, this embodiment still has beneficial effects such as thermal efficiency height, cost be low.

Embodiment four: roof multiple green house large tracts of land combined solar heat utilization device-collectivization operational version

The multiple green house that is placed on the roof can be made strip, see Fig. 9, length is suitable with the length of hugging roof (37) greatly, from tens m to tens m.For avoiding the damage of strong wind, should not be too high, get final product about high 1m.

Therefore width also has only 1-2m.The transparent spire face that is subjected to is still over against south, and the strip greenhouse (38) among its profile such as Fig. 9 is decorated with a series of windows (43) on the Central-South sidewalls of Fig. 9.

With a plurality of same equidistant being arranged in parallel in this strip greenhouse, as the greenhouse among Fig. 9 (38), greenhouse (39) ... greenhouse (40) or the like just forms the large tracts of land combination of " multiple green house battle array " on the roof, can be covered with the whole end face of hugging greatly.

In each strip multiple green house, tilt to be placed with a plurality of heat collectors, total length is also suitable with greenhouse length.Heat collector upper end is not a water tank but to equal the long water pipe of greenhouse length parallel with the heat collector upper end, and has many flexible pipes (1 at a certain distance) to seal with heat collector to be communicated with, to make hot water and the mutual convection current of the cold water in the long water pipe in the heat collector.One end of long water pipe stretches out from an end in greenhouse, with hug greatly in running water pipe be communicated with, be used to import cold water.The other end of long water pipe stretches out from the other end in greenhouse, and the insulation big boiler (41) special with hugging the top is communicated with, and sees Fig. 9 (heat collector and various pipeline are all in the greenhouse or in the building, so do not draw among Fig. 9).

Big boiler (41) preferably is installed in the stair upper space of hugging each unit attic greatly, adjacent ceiling place (bigger clearance spaces is generally all arranged) here.So big boiler (41) is all installed in same position in each unit of hugging greatly.Big boiler (41) has the heat preservation hot water pipe to pass wall to lead to other water place of this unit each household (kitchen, money wash between etc.).

The operation principle of this device is as follows: the running water cold water in hugging greatly, along the greenhouse outer water pipe flow in the strip multiple green house, heat collector upper end and the long water pipe parallel with heat collector, the flexible pipe of cold water in the long water pipe by being communicated with heat collector, with the hot water convection current of being shone heat in the heat collector by the sun, make the cold water heating in the long water pipe, the water of heating passes the greenhouse along this long water pipe again, flow into the big boiler of insulation (41) in the building, pass the water place that wall flows to resident family of every family along its heat preservation hot water pipe again.Whole process is carried out continuously: cold water flows into long water pipe in the greenhouse from running water pipe continuously, continuously flows into big boiler (41) again after becoming hot water.Certainly, in this device region of interest a complete set of control device such as automatic constant temperature delivery water instrument are installed, and have the people to do daily management (can be concurrently in charge of) by the estate management workman, or the like.

The beneficial effect that this device produces is: 1, realized " collectivization use ", people's unified management is arranged, user oneself need not worry about, and switch is once opening ready-made solar water boiling water.

2,----each unit is----two, 30 tame resident families by tens just, and the water tank water capacity also will be thousands of even several thousand kilograms for big boiler good heat insulating.Big like this water tank, hot water can not cool off in seven, eight days.Just continuous seven, eight days overcast and rainy, also has solar water to use.

3, boiler is big more, and the inside of the water of its dress is easy more and air isolated, and bacterium can not grow in water, and water cleans more, water quality is good more, is equivalent to the made hot spring of aseptic spring----.

4, scale is big more, and the cost of unit device is just low more.This installs original cost with regard to low (feature one sees above), and scale is more much bigger than single tame single household now, so the cost of unit device is just lower.

5, this device have equally the life-span long, the thermal efficiency is high (reaching more than 90%), also will add the advantages such as heat that flow backwards to water heater from hot environment.

If 6 in the city intensive area, building, the whole roof in many buildings is all installed this large-area devices, the quantity of the solar water boiling water that is then produced is just very huge and cheap.This just can establish " solar energy water-boiling hot water waterworks " in the city, the bulk zone in collective supply city, even can supply with the north hot water for heating in winter.

Embodiment five: the combined multiple green house solar energy water-boiling of windowless wall hot-water heating system

Buildings in general, particularly residential building between two vertical row's windows, often have wall broad, that window is not installed, and extend to ground continuously from the roof always, all do not have window.The multiple green house solar energy water-boiling hot-water heating system of combination continuously just in time is installed from top to bottom here.Its concrete structure is seen Figure 10, Figure 11.

Figure 10 is the stereoscopic figure of this " the combined multiple green house solar energy water-boiling of windowless wall hot-water heating system ": on the windowless wall between the window (43) that two rows vertically arrange, install strip cube multiple green house abcdefgh, (37) extend to ground (26) always continuously from the roof.Its structure still generally is fixed on the wall as hard skeleton earlier, and the material of other faces then is close to and is fixed on the skeleton.Wherein, end face efgh must be the plate or the book film of multi-layer transparent, and side aehd and side bfgc can be transparent materials, also can be opaque insulation materials.End face abfe and bottom surface cdhg insulation material.

Figure 11 is the side cut away view of device shown in Figure 10.In abcdefgh inside, greenhouse, tilt to be placed with a plurality of solar thermal collectors (7), vertically arrange from top to bottom, make up, the middle part of each heat collector (7) generally is positioned at the position of ceiling (11), promptly window (43) in, the lower end.Its upper end leans against on the exterior wall (44), and its lower end is placed on the support (27) that firmly links with exterior wall (44).Its upper end flexible pipe (12) pass exterior wall (44), heat collector (7) and indoor boiled water tank (8) or boiler (9) are interconnected-----promptly a strip multiple green house abcdefgh inside, combination is equipped with many cover sun water boiling water heatings from top to bottom, generally each family's one cover.

The beneficial effect that this structure produces is: can fully, intactly utilize the windowless wall of building, not influence window arrangement and daylighting fully; Because the shared strip greenhouse of how tame user, so the cost in the greenhouse shared of each household is lower; The appearance in the unified strip greenhouse that makes can be easy to do very attractive in appearancely, does not influence the attractive in appearance of residential area external environment condition fully, or the like.

Embodiment six: open-air multiple green house large tracts of land combined solar heat utilization device-extensive cheap collectivization operational version

The large tracts of land composite set of " multiple green house battle array " among the embodiment four can be implemented in the open air: deserted mountain barren hill in the open air, desert, Gobi desert, grassland, even the sky of river, highway, can implement.These are local general all near the city, and---------all such as city, factory, residential areas has certain distance, therefore will build special cold water water-supply-pipe (water inlet pipe), cold water is passed to an end of " multiple green house battle array " to leave the water place of hot water.After being heated into boiling water, hot water by sunshine here, again from the other end along the rise thermal insulation delivery pipe of building specially (outlet pipe), be passed to the water place.In " multiple green house battle array " lining, the mode of connection of various water pipes, heat collector etc. is identical with embodiment four.

The beneficial effect that this field arrangement produces is: 1, larger, " multiple green house battle array " can arrive greatly several square kilometres in addition tens of, hundreds of square kilometres.Can become " energy base " that country is played an important role.The solar energy water-boiling, the hot water that produce, even can supply whole industrial area even supply entire city.For example, all there are a large amount of deserted mountains barren hill, desert, Gobi desert, grassland etc. in each province, northwest such as Inner Mongol, Xinjiang, Qinghai near the many cities of Hen, build this solar energy in large area device in these places, can supply with bed rearrangement city solar energy water-boiling, hot water fully.

2, because larger, the solar energy water-boiling of generation, the cost of hot water will be lower.

3, above advantage has just determined that the economic benefit that produces will be bigger.

Embodiment seven: the solar thermal collector among the embodiment one, two, three, four, five, six is changed into Figure 13 or solar energy air heat collector shown in Figure 14, and it is resembled use Figure 15 utilidor to be connected with air pump (52), water tank (9), heat exchanger (32) (referring to above: feature six), just constitute another new type solar energy heat utilization device of multiple green house hot air source pump----of various large tracts of land combinations that combine with building and open-air.

It still has the beneficial effect of embodiment one-----six, and further reduce cost significantly in addition, winter definitely be not afraid of freeze, numerous new beneficial effects such as processing and manufacturing and installation and maintenance are very simple and convenient.

Embodiment eight: the bottom surface heat-insulation layer (31) of heat collector shown in Figure 13 is removed with the triangular shape metal book sheet (45) that links to each other with it, and the top edge sealing of four sides of " lid "----that the just surplus next one is transparent is linking transparent cover.Such " lid " covered (lower limb of four sides and the binding of ground non-tight on the ground that shines upon, promptly leave some slits, be convenient to the air turnover), also just constitute a kind of solar energy air heat collector: because these ground----particularly barren hillside, stone river shoal, sandy beach, Gobi desert, desert, even artificial cement flooring, roof, or the like----can effectively absorb sunshine and change into heat and come out, make the summer surface temperature up to 60-70 ℃.If on these ground, be coated with again and spread certain black spectrum selective paint or atrament, then absorb the better effects if of sunshine.

This " transparent cover air collector " resembled equally use Figure 15 utilidor to be connected with air pump (52), water tank (9), heat exchanger (32) (referring to above: feature six), finally make the water heating in the boiler (9), just constitute another new type solar energy heat utilization device of simple and easy multiple green house hot air source pump----of a kind of open-air large tracts of land combination.

Its new beneficial effect that produces is lower, the easier manufacturing of cost, installation, maintenance, and the open-air large tracts of land of easier realization is utilized solar thermal energy.

Embodiment nine: embodiment eight transparent " lid " covered on indoor the sort of steam heating pipe that is communicated with thermal source or the heating installation group sheet, be exactly that steam heating pipe or heating installation group sheet (56) are connected with the inner surface non-tight of " lid ", i.e. not necessarily contact closely, have some spaces also can, in interior decoration " bag heating installation ".At this moment end face is not necessarily transparent, also available opaque material manufacturing.This also be a kind of " heated air source heat collector ".See Figure 17, this scheme is specially adapted to the heating installation group sheet of " square ".Equally it is resembled and use Figure 15 utilidor to be connected with air pump (52), water tank (9), heat exchanger (32) (referring to above: feature six), finally make the water heating in the boiler (9), just constitute a kind of novel " heating installation hot air source pump ".

Embodiment ten: all use opaque insulation material to constitute four sides of embodiment eight transparent " lid " and end face and form cuboid or garden shape, ellipse, the steam heating pipe (48) or the heating installation group sheet that will be connected with thermal source encase, promptly with being connected of the non-close contact of its inner surface, see Figure 18, this scheme is specially adapted to the steam heating pipe of garden shape.Equally it is resembled and use Figure 15 utilidor to be connected with air pump (52), water tank (9), heat exchanger (32) (referring to above: feature six), finally make the water heating in the boiler (9), just constitute another novel " heating installation hot air source pump ".

The beneficial effect of embodiment nine, ten mainly is to utilize heating installation to produce hot water.Experimental results show that therefore it can not reduce indoor temperature: because of steam heating pipe is continuously dispelling the heat, considerable heat is dispersed into outdoor having gone, and utilizes it to add hot water, distributes some heats only less to outdoor.This is with regard to many a results.

Generally speaking, it seems that " multiple green house solar energy heat use device " of the present invention be to have found one than the better solar thermal utilization method of vacuum tube.Because the argumentation of feature one～feature five as mentioned, it is in hot property, cost (comprising investment of production equipment), installation-maintenance-regular maintenance, degree easy to use, and service life, maintenance environmental beauty or the like each side, all run well than vacuum.It has dropped into actual use at my family, and has made a large amount of related experiment.According to existing experimental fact, can confirm following view:

-----this device has found a fairly perfect solution: can use very cheap solar energy water-boiling and hot water easily throughout the year for family uses solar energy water-boiling hot water.And, be adapted at the family that window uses along with the increasing rapidly of skyscraper, and far away more than being adapted at the family that use on the roof, so it will make more people be benefited, and market prospects are also much wide than vacuum tube.

-----American once made such conclusion: using the solar water heater winter is inappropriate economically.China's national standard does not comprise winter to solar water heater's scope detection time yet.These conclusions can change now, prove in my the actual use of family: in the winter of this Qinghai-Tibet northern severe cold areas of Qinghai Province, in this sky of solar radiation quantity minimum Winter Solstice (December 22), still boiled three times, reach 46 ℃ (December 8 reached 51 ℃) in the greenhouse, two collector areas are 0.35m only ²Small-sized solar boiling water system, altogether kilogram boiling water surplus ten, add 4-5 kilogram high-temperature-hot-water.40---45 that hot-water heating system is produced ℃ low-temperature water heating still can satisfy the laundry of three-person household has a bath, and the totle drilling cost of boiling water, this two cover system of hot water 500---600 unit (vacuum tube is a cover hot-water heating system only, cost will 800-1000 unit).These numerals proved than burn natural gas, electric stove is more cheap.

If-----on whole roof, the open-air large tracts of land that realizes are used, will produce a large amount of Cheap solar energy boiling water, hot water on a large scale, through adjusting, its cost can be competed with coal, the boiled hot water of natural gas institute, thereby might realize the long-term goal of human solar thermal utilization of 21 century: i.e. the people's lives of the whole society and industrial boiling water, hot water, mainly supply with, can replace coal, natural gas, the effect of oil considerable part, even play effect of overall importance by solar energy

-----so it finally will extensively promote and replace vacuum tube, its scientific and technical meaning is very great.

Claims

1, a kind of multiple green house solar energy heat use device that combines with building, it is become by the pipeline Ju that is connected mutually by solar thermal collector and water tank, it is characterized in that: [1] multiple green house is made of bottom surface, the back side, two sides and end face binding sealed to each other, end face is by the book plate or book film (the 1) Ju one-tenth of multi-layer transparent, between every two-layer transparent the book plate or book film, air layer is arranged, and other faces are become with Bao Wen material material Ju by hard skeleton, and its inner surface is become by black color substance Ju;

[2] back side of multiple green house contacts closely with the wall of building window outdoor surface and firmly links (multiple green house is not communicated with indoor), or firmly link with the sealing of the window frame of building window outdoor surface (but its back side be the construct for handling of activity, multiple green house is communicated with or is not communicated with indoor);

[3] upper end of solar thermal collector (7) is communicated with and is connected with the inner surface at the back side in the greenhouse with boiled water tank (8) sealing, and its lower end is connected with the inner surface of greenhouse inner bottom surface, and the other end of the pipe of its lower end (15) is connected with switch;

[4] upper end of solar thermal collector (14) is connected with the inner surface at the back side in the greenhouse, its lower end is connected with the inner surface of greenhouse inner bottom surface, boiler (9) and indoor firmly binding of upper end wall (10), pipe (12) passes window or wall with heat collector (14) connection sealed to each other in indoor boiler (9) and the greenhouse, and the room was communicated with towards the water place and with indoor running water pipe inside the inlet tube and outlet tube of boiler (9) passed.

2, solar energy heat utilization device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: [1] is in the inside of multiple green house, be connected with the bigger multi-layer transparent book film (18) in inclination angle, formation is near the sharp narrow shape structure ABCD of " horizontal positioned ", also be connected with the less multi-layer transparent book film (19) in inclination angle, formation is near the sharp narrow shape structure DEFG of " vertically placing ", and the two lower end in the greenhouse intersects, and constitutes " the two sharp narrow shape structures of intersection ";

[2] upper and lower end of heat collector (7) and heat collector (14) is connected respectively with near the upper and lower end in the sharp narrow shape structure DEFG of " vertically placing ".

3, solar energy heat utilization device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the upper end of [1] solar thermal collector (7) is connected on the wall (25) of multiple green house internal upper part, its lower end is connected on the grillage (27) that firmly links with wall (25), the pipe (12) of upper end passes wall and seals with indoor boiled water tank (8) or boiler (9) and be communicated with, bottom in the greenhouse, hang plate (21) upper end links to each other with grillage (27), the lower end links to each other with bottom surface (2), and its outer surface is made of atrament (20);

[2] at the greenhouse internal upper part, be connected with multi-layer transparent book film (24), it and tilted-putted heat collector (the quadrangle abcd that it is sharp narrow shape that 7) Ju become a side view, bottom in the greenhouse, be connected with multi-layer transparent book film (23), (it is the similar leg-of-mutton structure abe of sharp narrow shape that 21) Ju become a side view, and is communicated with the quadrangle abcd of the narrow shape of point, constitutes " vertically two sharp narrow shape structure " with hang plate for it.

4, solar energy heat utilization device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the windowless wall sealing between the window (43) that the back side of [1] strip multiple green house abcdefgh and two rows vertically arrange links;

[2] strip multiple green house abcdefgh inside, on the grillage (27) that the upper end of a plurality of heat collectors (7) from top to bottom is connected with exterior wall (44), the lower end is attached at and exterior wall (44) firmly links, the pipe (12) of its upper end passes exterior wall (44), and heat collector (7) and indoor boiled water tank (8) or boiler (9) are interconnected.

5, solar energy heat utilization device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the bottom surface and the roof of [1] hermetic multiple green house firmly link, the upper end of heat collector (14) is communicated with water tank (9) sealing, its upper and lower end is connected with the back side, bottom surface in the multiple green house respectively, and the water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe of water tank (9) room below the roof puts in leads to the water place.

[2] multiple green house is made strip, a plurality of this strips greenhouse is arranged in parallel, form the large tracts of land combination of " multiple green house battle array " on the roof, on a plurality of heat collectors, the lower end respectively with a plurality of strip multiple green houses in the back side be connected with lower surface, the long water pipe of heat collector upper end is communicated with the heat collector sealing, one end of long water pipe stretches out from an end in greenhouse, be communicated with the running water pipe in hugging greatly, the other end of long water pipe stretches out from the other end in greenhouse, be communicated with the big boiler of the insulation of hugging the top (41), the heat preservation hot water pipe that is communicated with big boiler (41) passes wall and leads to other water place of each household.

6, solar energy heat utilization device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the bottom surface of " the multiple green house battle array " of large tracts of land combination, firmly link with open-air ground or hillside face, one end of its long water pipe is connected with the cold water water-supply-pipe, and the rise thermal insulation delivery pipe that is communicated with the long water pipe other end leads to the water place.

7, according to claim 1,2,3,4,5 or 6 described solar energy heat utilization devices, it is characterized in that: [1] heat collector water tank (29) becomes super book interlayer with metal Bu Ban Ju, and space thickness has only 1-10mm in this interlayer;

[2] water in the super book interlayer of metal book plate is communicated with water-stop in pipe (12), boiled water tank (8) or the boiler (9);

[3] the sealed to each other connection of non-water substance in the non-water substance in the super book interlayer of metal book plate and pipe (12), the heat exchanger (32), the interior bottom surface of heat exchanger (32) and boiled water tank (8) or boiler (9) is connected.

8, according to claim 1,2,3,4,5 or 6 described solar energy heat utilization devices, it is characterized in that:

[1] heat collector water tank (29) becomes super book interlayer with transparent material Bu Ban Ju, and space thickness has only 1-10mm in this interlayer;

[2] back side coating black spectrum selective paint (34) of transparent super book sandwich heat-collecting device water tank (29), or be close to again at its back side and paste the transparent sandwich (35) that one deck inside is full of black liquor, the water in the transparent super book sandwich heat-collecting device water tank (29) is communicated with the water-stop in pipe (12), boiler (9) or the boiled water tank (8);

[3] transparent super book sandwich heat-collecting device water tank (29) is that end face (36) becomes with transparent Bu Ban Ju, its back side, side become with opaque Bu Ban Ju, sealed to each other connection of non-water substance in non-water substance in should super book interlayer and pipe (12), the heat exchanger (32), the interior bottom surface of heat exchanger (32) and boiled water tank (8) or boiler (9) is connected.

9, according to claim 1,2,3,4,5 or 6 described solar energy heat utilization devices, it is characterized in that:

[1] heat collector water tank (29) is replaced to become cross section by metal book sheet folding be leg-of-mutton triangular shape metal book sheet (45) or forked metal book sheet (58), its upper surface coating black spectrum selective paint, lower end corner angle are fixedlyed connected with heat collector bottom surface heat-insulation layer (31), and this heat collector upper end has gas outlet (49), the lower end has air inlet (50);

[2] insulating tube (51) of giving vent to anger is communicated with the sealing of the air admission hole (57) of heat collector gas outlet (49), air pump (52), heat exchanger (32) successively, air inlet insulating tube (53) is communicated with air inlet (50) sealing of the venthole (58) of heat exchanger (32), heat collector successively, and the interior bottom surface of heat exchanger (32) and boiler (9) is connected;

10, solar energy heat utilization device according to claim 9 is characterized in that:

[1] the bottom surface heat-insulation layer (31) with heat collector removes with the triangular shape metal book sheet (45) that links to each other with it;

[2] lower limb with all the other four sides is connected with open-air ground non-tight, smears black spectrum selective paint or atrament on these ground;

[3] with the inner surface of all the other four sides and being connected of steam heating pipe or the non-close contact of heating installation group sheet, steam heating pipe or heating installation group sheet are connected with thermal source, and the also available opaque insulation material of the end face of heat collector constitutes;

[4] all the other four sides and end face are all used opaque insulation material constitute and formed cuboid or garden shape, ellipse, steam heating pipe that will be connected with thermal source or heating installation group sheet are connected with the non-close contact of its inner surface.