CN101067406A - 用于内燃机的喷射器 - Google Patents

用于内燃机的喷射器 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN101067406A
CN101067406A CNA2007101023547A CN200710102354A CN101067406A CN 101067406 A CN101067406 A CN 101067406A CN A2007101023547 A CNA2007101023547 A CN A2007101023547A CN 200710102354 A CN200710102354 A CN 200710102354A CN 101067406 A CN101067406 A CN 101067406A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
valve
pressure chamber
fuel
sparger
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CNA2007101023547A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN101067406B (zh
Inventor
L·迈尔
H·雅尔辛
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Energy Solutions SE
Original Assignee
MAN Diesel SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MAN Diesel SE filed Critical MAN Diesel SE
Publication of CN101067406A publication Critical patent/CN101067406A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN101067406B publication Critical patent/CN101067406B/zh
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/025Hydraulically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0014Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0028Valves characterised by the valve actuating means hydraulic
    • F02M63/0029Valves characterised by the valve actuating means hydraulic using a pilot valve controlling a hydraulic chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0031Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0045Three-way valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/28Details of throttles in fuel-injection apparatus

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于内燃机的喷射器(1),其中一喷嘴针(2)打开或关闭一喷嘴横截面,其中在喷嘴针上方构成一上压力室(4),并且在下方构成一下压力室(7),燃料在压力下可以输送到该压力室,其中3/2-换向阀(8)将燃料从一蓄压器(13)通过一第一燃料管(15)不仅输送到上压力室(4)而且输送到下压力室(7),并且上压力室(4)通过一第二燃料管(16)与一稳压阀(17)连接,该稳压阀在一种确定的压力时打开,并因此使上压力室(4)卸压。按照本发明,不仅向着上压力室(4)集成一输入节流阀(11),而且在燃料管(16)中离开上压力室(4)地集成一排出节流阀(10)。

Description

用于内燃机的喷射器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于内燃机的喷射器(Einspritzinjektor),其中一喷嘴针打开或关闭一喷嘴横截面,其中在喷嘴针上方构成一上压力室并且在下方构成一下压力室,燃料在压力下输送到该压力室,其中一种3/2-换向阀将燃料从一蓄压器通过一第一燃料管不仅输送到上压力室而且输送到下压力室,并且上压力室通过一第二燃料管与一稳压阀连接,该稳压阀在一种确定的压力时打开并因此使上压力室卸压。
背景技术
由现有技术已知对于喷射系统来说大多液压地控制所述喷射,例如通过不同的开关阀,如2/2-换向阀和/或2/3-换向阀。
这种开关阀在汽车领域中的使用大多直接设置在喷射器上。对于较大的柴油机组、如船用柴油发动机将开关阀大多设置在蓄压器(轨道(Rail))附近,例如在蓄压器顶盖里面。
以变化的压力喷射燃料的喷射系统、如共轨(Common Rail)喷射系统大多在喷射开始时具有非常陡的喷射率。喷射大量的燃料。但是这种效应对于氮氧化物发射率(Emissionsrate)(NOX发射率)产生不利影响。通过喷嘴的分级释放/打开、例如在喷嘴处的一种确定的打开特征,能够达到一种阶梯形喷射率,并由此有利地影响发射率。
喷射系统的许多生产者和使用这种喷射系统的柴油发动机的许多生产者都致力于找到对于喷嘴横截面的最佳控制。
发明内容
由此提出本发明的目的是,提供一种新的用于内燃机的喷射器以供使用,它能够实现改进的运行特性。
这个目的通过一种按照权利要求1的内燃机用的喷射器得以实现。
本发明建议一种用于内燃机的喷射器,其中一喷嘴针打开或关闭一喷嘴横截面,其中在喷嘴针上方构成一上压力室,并且在下方构成一下压力室,燃料在压力下输送到该压力室,其中3/2-换向阀将燃料从一蓄压器通过一第一燃料管不仅输送到所述上压力室而且输送到下压力室,并且上压力室通过一第二燃料管与一稳压阀相连接,该稳压阀在一种确定的压力时打开,并因此使上压力室卸压;进一步改进喷射器,不仅向着上压力室集成一输入节流阀,而且在燃料管中离开上压力室地集成一排出节流阀。
通过喷射器的这种结构,在存在处于压力下的燃料时保证缓慢且调节地打开喷嘴针。
发明者已经认识到,位于喷射器喷嘴针与开关阀之间的容积对于喷嘴针运动特性产生负面影响,例如在喷嘴针运动惯性方面;由此也对喷射器的整个运行特性产生负面影响。通过开关阀的一种确定结构,就可以防止喷嘴针运动的这种负面特性。
对于作为开关阀的这样一种3/2-换向阀来说,可以通过特别的结构或者通过输入节流阀在3/2-换向阀的控制活塞中的确定结构来改进残余压力特性以及喷嘴针的配合,并由此使由于输入节流阀与排出节流阀之间的大容积产生的动作泄漏(Schaltleckage)最小化。
在一种优选方案中,所述3/2-换向阀具有一输入节流阀和一排出节流阀,其中输入节流阀在端部且偏心地设置在3/2-换向阀的控制活塞上。通过3/2-换向阀的这种结构,使输入节流阀与排出节流阀之间的容积最小化、并由此使动作泄漏最小化。同时减小目前这种容积对喷射器运行特性的影响。
有利的是,使所述稳压阀由插入套筒构成,它轴向地集成在喷射器里面。由此使这个部件在喷射器中的装配和由该喷射器的拆卸更容易。
所述上压力室可以这样构成,使得在一种可确定的针行程以后通过喷嘴针来关闭利用输入节流阀到上压力室的燃料输入。在到上压力室的燃料管已关闭时,这个压力室不再由燃料加载。现在,位于下压力室中的燃料压力可以使喷嘴针更快速地打开。
有利的是,至少一个弹性部件使喷嘴针保持在关闭位置中。如果已被压缩的燃料压力作用于喷嘴针上,则这个压力使喷嘴针克服弹性部件的压力或拉力移动,并且打开所述喷嘴横截面。如果作用于喷嘴针上的压力下降,则喷嘴针通过弹性部件返回到原始位置中。
所述稳压阀可以具有至少一个弹性部件,其中通过弹性常数可以调节用于打开阀门的打开压力。
附图说明
由下面的描述给出本发明的优选改进方案,借助于两个附图详细描述本发明的实施例,但是不局限于此。附图中:
图1示出喷射器的截面图,
图2示出3/2-换向阀的截面图。
附图标记列表
1 喷射器            12  在输入节流阀与排出
2 喷嘴针                节流阀之间的容积
3 弹性部件          12a 在蓄压器与输入节流
4 上压力室              阀之间的容积
5 输入节流阀        13  蓄压器
6 排出节流阀        14  来自蓄压器的压力管
7 下压力室          15  到喷嘴针的压力管
8 3/2-换向阀        16  来自喷嘴针的压力管
9 控制活塞          17  稳压阀
10 排出节流阀       18  弹性部件
11 输入节流阀
具体实施方式
下面借助于图1和2描述本发明。
图1示出一种新型喷射器1的截面图。处于压力下的燃料首先位于一蓄压器13里面,即所谓的轨道(Rail)中。通过压力管14将燃料输送到3/2-换向阀8的控制活塞9(框出的部位)。如果操纵该3/2-换向阀8并且使控制活塞9上升,则可以使燃料通过压力管14并通过压力管15不仅输送到喷嘴针2的上压力室4而且输送到下压力室7。燃料通过输入节流阀11节流地输送到上压力室4。
燃料要通过未示出的喷嘴横截面喷射进未示出的燃烧室。在此,喷嘴针2打开和关闭喷嘴横截面。如果喷嘴针2向上运动,则打开喷嘴横截面。喷嘴针向上移动越多,释放的喷嘴横截面越大并且被喷射的燃料的喷射量越大。
因为燃料节流地输送到上压力室4并且上压力室4通过压力管16、排出节流阀10和稳压阀17卸压,由于在下压力室7中存在更高的燃料压力,喷嘴针2克服弹性部件3的压力而打开。该稳压阀17的打开特性通过弹簧18或其弹性常数调节,该稳压阀可以在结构上作为插入套筒集成在喷射器1里面。在打开稳压阀17时,使燃料在箭头方向上通过燃料回流管排出。
喷射器1的结构特殊性是,在一种确定的针行程过后通过喷嘴针2覆盖并由此关闭所述输入节流阀11。因此在上压力室4中,使压力的建立中断,而在下压力室7中所述存在的压力使喷嘴针2向上运动。这个实施例在开始缓慢打开喷嘴针2以后、从结束在上压力室4中的压力输入开始,起到快速打开喷嘴针2的作用。
图2示出3/2-换向阀的控制活塞9的横截面图。处于压力下的燃料通过压力管14首先输送到控制活塞9的容积12a。通过输入节流阀5使燃料同样输送到容积12。因为在容积12和12a中首先呈现相同的压力,因此控制活塞9位于在图2所示的位置中。通过例如可以通过3/2-换向阀的电磁开关打开的排出节流阀6,可以使容积12压力卸载。因此在容积12a中存在一种比在容积12中更高的压力,因此控制活塞9通过容积12a中的压力上升。由于控制活塞9的特殊横截面结构,在控制活塞9上升时释放压力管14与压力管15之间的通道,并且使燃料通过压力管15输送到喷嘴针2。控制活塞9的结构的特殊性在于,输入节流阀5一方面设置在控制活塞9的端面上,另一方面在那里偏心地设置。由此使输入节流阀5与排出节流阀6之间的容积12最小化,由此在总体上避免动作泄漏。
不言而喻,上述特征和权利要求特征不仅可以用于上述的集成,而且可以用于其它集成或独立使用,而不离开本发明的构思。

Claims (6)

1.用于内燃机的喷射器(1),其中一喷嘴针(2)打开或关闭一喷嘴横截面,其中在喷嘴针上方构成一上压力室(4),并且在下方构成一下压力室(7),燃料在压力下可以输送到该压力室,其中一种3/2-换向阀(8)将燃料从一蓄压器(13)通过一第一燃料管(15)不仅输送到上压力室(4)而且输送到下压力室(7),并且上压力室(4)通过一第二燃料管(16)与一稳压阀(17)连接,该稳压阀在一种确定的压力时打开并因此使上压力室(4)卸压,其特征在于,不仅向着上压力室(4)集成一输入节流阀(11),而且在燃料管(16)中离开上压力室(4)地集成一排出节流阀(10)。
2.如权利要求1所述的喷射器,其特征在于,所述3/2-换向阀(8)具有一输入节流阀(5)和一排出节流阀(6),其中输入节流阀(5)在端部处且偏心地设置在3/2-换向阀(8)的控制活塞(9)上。
3.如权利要求1或2中任一项或两项所述的喷射器,其特征在于,所述稳压阀(17)由插入套筒构成,它轴向地集成在喷射器(1)里面。
4.如权利要求1至3中任一项或多项所述的喷射器,其特征在于,所述上压力室(4)这样构成,使得在一种确定的针行程以后通过喷嘴针(2)来对于到上压力室(4)的燃料输入进行关闭。
5.如权利要求1至4中任一项或多项所述的喷射器,其特征在于,至少一个弹性部件(3)使喷嘴针(2)保持在一种关闭位置中。
6.如权利要求1至5中任一项或多项所述的喷射器,其特征在于,至少一个弹性部件(18)使稳压阀(17)保持关闭。
CN2007101023547A 2006-05-04 2007-04-30 用于内燃机的喷射器 Expired - Fee Related CN101067406B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006020634A DE102006020634B4 (de) 2006-05-04 2006-05-04 Einspritzinjektor für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE102006020634.7 2006-05-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101067406A true CN101067406A (zh) 2007-11-07
CN101067406B CN101067406B (zh) 2011-03-23

Family

ID=37930014

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2007101023547A Expired - Fee Related CN101067406B (zh) 2006-05-04 2007-04-30 用于内燃机的喷射器

Country Status (5)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2007298030A (zh)
KR (1) KR20070108056A (zh)
CN (1) CN101067406B (zh)
DE (1) DE102006020634B4 (zh)
FI (1) FI20070210A (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10544769B2 (en) 2016-10-07 2020-01-28 Caterpillar Inc. Stand-alone common rail capable injector system

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008061241A1 (de) * 2008-12-09 2010-06-17 Man Diesel Se Kraftstoff-Einspritzventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine
CN104018967B (zh) * 2014-05-29 2016-05-04 哈尔滨工程大学 带蓄压腔式船用重油电磁控制喷油器

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3009750A1 (de) * 1980-03-14 1981-09-24 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8900 Augsburg Brennstoffeinspritzvorrichtung fuer brennkraftmaschinen
DE19742073A1 (de) * 1997-09-24 1999-03-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE19938169A1 (de) * 1999-08-16 2001-03-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung
DE10033428C2 (de) * 2000-07-10 2002-07-11 Bosch Gmbh Robert Druckgesteuerter Injektor zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff
DE10054526A1 (de) * 2000-11-03 2002-05-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert Einspritzdüse
DE10056165C2 (de) * 2000-11-13 2003-06-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Sammelraumbeaufschlagter Injektor mit kaskadenförmiger Steuerungsanordnung
DE10157411A1 (de) * 2001-11-23 2003-06-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Injektor zur Hochdruckeinspritzung von Kraftstoff
DE10246973A1 (de) * 2002-10-09 2004-04-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoff-Einspritzvorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10544769B2 (en) 2016-10-07 2020-01-28 Caterpillar Inc. Stand-alone common rail capable injector system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102006020634B4 (de) 2008-12-04
CN101067406B (zh) 2011-03-23
KR20070108056A (ko) 2007-11-08
FI20070210A (fi) 2007-11-05
DE102006020634A1 (de) 2007-11-08
FI20070210A0 (fi) 2007-03-15
JP2007298030A (ja) 2007-11-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101806266B (zh) 电控单体泵与电控喷油器双阀燃油喷射装置
US7201149B2 (en) Fuel injector with multistage control valve for internal combustion engines
CN101529078B (zh) 用于喷射燃料的喷射器
CN101548093B (zh) 用于内燃机的燃料喷射阀
US7021567B2 (en) Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
CN101990597B (zh) 具有多件式衔铁、没有衔铁导向的电磁阀
CN103790724B (zh) 汽油直喷发动机的控制系统及控制方法
US6810857B2 (en) Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine
US8342424B2 (en) Fuel injection apparatus
CN101067406A (zh) 用于内燃机的喷射器
JP2010513781A (ja) 燃料インジェクタ
CN1664349A (zh) 共轨喷射器
CN1906399A (zh) 具有直接控制的喷射阀元件的燃料喷射器
CN1077218C (zh) 气阀
US20110265759A1 (en) Internal combustion engine having independent gas supply with no compression stroke
US6540160B2 (en) Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine
US6758414B2 (en) Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine
US6763809B2 (en) Fuel injection apparatus for an internal combustion engine
CN101059110A (zh) 内燃机的喷射装置
US6644281B2 (en) Fuel injection apparatus for an internal combustion engine
CN108361134B (zh) 燃料喷射装置
CN1535357A (zh) 具有可变化的喷射压力曲线的燃料喷射装置
EP2034170A3 (en) Fuel injection valve
EP1136691A3 (en) Internal combustion engine fuel injector, and relative method of classifying and selecting a series of injectors
CN1527904A (zh) 用于在喷射器上形成喷射压力曲线的方法和装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
C17 Cessation of patent right
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20110323

Termination date: 20110430