CN101053923A - Stirring friction spot welding technology - Google Patents
Stirring friction spot welding technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN101053923A CN101053923A CN 200710052252 CN200710052252A CN101053923A CN 101053923 A CN101053923 A CN 101053923A CN 200710052252 CN200710052252 CN 200710052252 CN 200710052252 A CN200710052252 A CN 200710052252A CN 101053923 A CN101053923 A CN 101053923A
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Abstract
A stir friction spot welding technology adopts stir heads, and the spot welding can be carried out by agitating and rubbing from both faces simultaneously. The welding application part of the invention mainly includes four parts, that is an upper and a lower stir heads and an upper and a lower fillets. Friction heat and plastic deformation energy of the double-face friction spot welding process are produced from the upper and the lower faces; the freely rotating fillets are provided surrounding the upper and the lower stir heads in the double-face friction spot welding process, wherein the rotating of the fillets can complement defect of heat of the stir heads generated in the double-face friction spot welding process. Just because of the above characteristics, the invention can not only reduce pressure concave and extrudate of the welding surface by a half but also can increase heat generated in the welding process by one time, thus the double-face friction spot welding process can overcome defect of the friction spot welding process with single face as well as improve production efficiency.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of new metal material method of attachment.
Background technology:
Along with developing of automobile industry, general steel plate can not satisfy the requirement of automobile lightweight development trend.Various nonferrous materials have obtained application in auto manufacturing gradually, but the non-ferrous metal weldability is relatively poor, make non-ferrous metal obtain restriction in the application of automobile manufacturing field.Britain's institute of welding (The WeldingInstitute, be called for short TWI) in a kind of solid-state method of attachment---friction stir welding (the Friction Stir Welding of proposition in 1991, be called for short FSW), this know-why is simple, the control parameter is few, be easy to automation, radiationless, the human factor in the welding process can be dropped to minimum.This technology is a kind of low temperature solid phase interconnection technique, not metallic fusing in the welding process, be applicable to the low-melting alloy that is difficult to the melting welding, each state all in competitively research and development, has a wide range of applications in fields such as aviation, boats and ships, bullet train, armored combat vehicles at present.Along with further going deep into of friction stir welding technical research, on this technical foundation, friction stir welding spot-welding technology (Friction Stir Spot Welding is called for short FSSW) has been proposed.Stirring friction spot welding technology and the difference of friction stir welding technology are that friction stir spot welding does not move longitudinally along weld seam, and stirring-head does not have (welding direction) inclination angle in pinpoint welding procedure.Stirring friction spot welding technology combines the thermal source producing method of traditional pinpoint welding procedure and agitating friction welding technology, under the effect of frictional heat and plastic deformation ability, has formed the some joint of firm connection.In the past, the resistance spot welding technology is adopted in the connection of wagon sheet, and welding process needs large-scale special equipment that lasting big electric current is provided.And adopt friction stir spot welding only to need the stirring-head of an on-consumable, and rotating and inserting workpiece to be welded, by the friction between stirring-head and the workpiece, make metal softening and plastic flow takes place and move, the forging force that applies by stirring-head forms reliable connection.Adopting the unique energy consumption of friction stir spot welding is to drive the stirring-head rotation and apply the electric energy that forging force consumes, and whole welding process does not need necessary big electric current of traditional resistor spot welding and compressed air.Adopt the stirring friction spot welding technology welding aluminum alloy to save 99% energy consumption.And owing to do not need large-scale power supply unit and special-purpose spot-welding equipment, equipment cost has reduced by 40%.And do not have in the welding process splash, flue dust, make more environmental protection of welding process, welding surroundings safer.Also there are some shortcomings in friction stir spot welding: it is dark that one, postwelding are pressed into the hole; Its two, surperficial extrudate is many; Therefore work has brought huge trouble to subsequent treatment.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is directed to that to exist postwelding to be pressed into the hole in the prior art dark, many problems of surperficial extrudate have proposed a kind of new stirring friction spot welding technology, have solved friction stir spot welding and have been pressed into the shortcomings that the hole is dark, extrudate is many, greatly reduce the workload of subsequent treatment.A kind of stirring friction spot welding technology of the present invention adopts stirring-head, rotating and inserting workpiece to be welded, by the friction between stirring-head and the workpiece, make metal softening and plastic flow take place moving, the forging force that applies by stirring-head forms reliable connection, and its characteristics are by device friction stir spot welding processing simultaneously from the two sides; And welding portion of the present invention mainly comprises four parts, the promptly upper and lower stirring-head and the upper and lower shaft shoulder.Described upper and lower shaft shoulder design can be treated weldment and apply certain pressure F around stirring-head when welding
2With rotation at a high speed, its effect mainly is: the one, prevent that plastic metal is excessive; The 2nd, produce heat with treating the weldment mantle friction, compensation realizes the required a part of heat of high-quality welding.When the present invention welded, the upper and lower shaft shoulder was by certain direction rotation, and direction of rotation can be also can be counter-rotating in the same way; And upper and lower stirring-head on-load pressure F
1, F
1Greater than F
2On, following stirring-head direction of rotation is identical with shaft shoulder direction of rotation or opposite, make, following stirring-head is inserted the people and is treated weldment 1,2 to certain degree of depth and keep a period of time, by last, the following shaft shoulder and last, following stirring-head and 1,2 treat the weldment mantle friction, the heat that produces is imported into to treating weldment 1,2, make and treat weldment 1,2 contact-making surfaces are in heat---and the machine effect forms the high-quality solder joint down, after welding is finished, on, following stirring-head unloading is earlier extracted, go up then, following shaft shoulder unloading, and stop the rotation, the main distinction of two-sided friction stir spot welding and existing stirring friction spot welding technology is: 1, the frictional heat of two-sided friction stir spot welding process and plastic deformation ability produce from upper and lower surface; 2, the upper and lower stirring-head of two-sided stirring friction spot welding technology has the shaft shoulder that can rotate freely, the rotation of the shaft shoulder can replenish the deficiency of stirring-head heat production in the two-sided friction stir spot welding process on every side; Just because of these the difference, not only can make face of weld be pressed into the hole and extrudate all reduces half but also the heat production of welding process is doubled.Thereby the shortcoming that two-sided friction stir welding not only can overcome the single face friction stir spot welding can also be boosted productivity.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1: stirring-head and the shaft shoulder and workpiece relative position before the two-sided friction stir spot welding;
Fig. 2: stirring-head and the shaft shoulder and workpiece relative position and stirring-head and shaft shoulder direction of rotation and on-load pressure during two-sided friction stir spot welding;
Fig. 3: after two-sided friction stir spot welding is finished, the stirring-head withdrawal process;
The specific embodiment:
The present invention is by designing upper and lower two shaft shoulders and upper and lower two stirring-heads, rotates simultaneously and pressurization by the upper and lower shaft shoulder and stirring-head, makes welded part in heat---the formation high-quality solder joint machine synergy under.
Fig. 1 is two-sided friction stir spot welding schematic diagram, and 1 and 2 for treating weldment, and 3 is the last shaft shoulder, and 4 is last stirring-head, and 5 are the following shaft shoulder, and 6 are following stirring-head.Device parameter by two-sided friction stir spot welding welding process schematic diagram shown in Figure 1 comprises: pressure F
1, F
2The shaft shoulder 3,5 rotary speed ω
1Stirring-head 4,6 rotary speed ω
2, and move horizontally speed V; The stirring-head 4,6 and the shaft shoulder 3,5 move up and down stroke S; The insertion depth h of stirring-head 4,6, insertion speed v
1, insert the pumpback speed v of time of staying t, stirring-head
2And parameter such as stirring-head axiality up and down.Pressure F
1(being used for welding) span is: 1470-5880N; Pressure F
2(be used for heat production and prevent that plastic metal is excessive), value can be smaller, and scope can be decided to be 1000-5000N; Stirring-head rotary speed ω
2Scope: 0-4500RPM; The rotary speed ω of the shaft shoulder
1(direction of rotation is opposite with ω 2) scope: 0-4500RPM; The thickness that the stirring-head and the shaft shoulder move up and down stroke S and friction stir spot welding sample has direct relation, the thickness range of the sheet material of generally using at the trial is 1mm～10mm, therefore the spacing between the shaft shoulder is greater than 20mm before weldering, reach about 2mm apart from clamping weld interval, so require the spacing of the shaft shoulder can change between 0-30mm, the stroke that the promptly upper and lower shaft shoulder moves up and down is all elected 0-15mm as; The insertion depth h=of last stirring-head goes up stirring-head and moves down the difference that distance and the last shaft shoulder move down distance; Relevant with thickness of slab, the degree of depth of the big more insertion of plate thickness can be selected big more.The time of inserting can change at 0.1-1.0s; Insert the time that time of staying t refers to stirring-head to put in place the back stops, the quality of butt joint has direct influence, can select to insert the time of staying can change at 0.1-1.0s; Owing to be that spot welding is carried out simultaneously up and down during two-sided friction stir spot welding, and the power that loads is bigger, therefore when welding, require the axiality of stirring-head up and down good.Before the welding, will treat weldment 1 and 2 overlap joints as shown in Figure 1, apply certain pressure F by the upper and lower shaft shoulder
1In treating on the weldment; As shown in Figure 2, during welding, the upper and lower shaft shoulder is by certain direction rotation, and upper and lower stirring-head on-load pressure F
1, F
1Greater than F
2And upper and lower stirring-head direction of rotation is opposite with shaft shoulder direction of rotation, make upper and lower stirring-head insert the people and treat that weldment 1,2 is to certain degree of depth and keep a period of time, treat the weldment mantle friction by the upper and lower shaft shoulder and upper and lower stirring-head and 1,2, the heat that produces imported into to treating weldment 1,2, making treats that weldment 1,2 contact-making surfaces are in heat---the machine effect forms the high-quality solder joint down; As shown in Figure 3, after welding was finished, upper and lower stirring-head unloading was earlier extracted, upper and lower then shaft shoulder unloading, and stop the rotation.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of stirring friction spot welding technology adopts stirring-head, rotating and inserting workpiece to be welded, by the friction between stirring-head and the workpiece, make metal softening and plastic flow take place moving, the forging force that applies by stirring-head forms reliable connection, and its characteristics are by device friction stir spot welding processing simultaneously from the two sides; And welding portion of the present invention mainly comprises four parts, the promptly upper and lower stirring-head and the upper and lower shaft shoulder; Described upper and lower shaft shoulder design is treated weldment and is applied certain pressure and rotation at a high speed around stirring-head when welding, upper and lower stirring-head direction of rotation is opposite with shaft shoulder direction of rotation; Upper and lower stirring-head inserts treats that weldment is to certain degree of depth and keep a period of time, by the upper and lower shaft shoulder and upper and lower stirring-head with treat the weldment mantle friction, the heat that produces imported into to treating weldment, making treats that the weldment contact-making surface is in heat---the machine effect forms the high-quality solder joint down; After welding was finished, upper and lower stirring-head unloading was earlier extracted, upper and lower then shaft shoulder unloading, and stop the rotation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200710052252 CN101053923A (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2007-05-21 | Stirring friction spot welding technology |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200710052252 CN101053923A (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2007-05-21 | Stirring friction spot welding technology |
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|---|---|
| CN101053923A true CN101053923A (en) | 2007-10-17 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200710052252 Pending CN101053923A (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2007-05-21 | Stirring friction spot welding technology |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101890573A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-11-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Friction stir welding method for stirring pin and shaft shoulder during differential speed rotation |
| CN103920986A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-07-16 | 北京理工大学 | Stir friction both-side welding method for medium-thickness plate |
| CN104588867A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-05-06 | 西北工业大学 | High-strength aluminum alloy sheet resistance spot welding molten core inner crack healing method |
| CN109483041A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-03-19 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Friction welding axial deflection accuracy control process |
| CN111531265A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-14 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | Keyhole-free friction spot welding method |
| CN112091404A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-12-18 | 西北工业大学 | Deformation-free repair method for thin-wall part double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding keyhole |
| CN114273770A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-05 | 上海工程技术大学 | Closed needle-free friction stir spot welding device and method |
-
2007
- 2007-05-21 CN CN 200710052252 patent/CN101053923A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101890573A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-11-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Friction stir welding method for stirring pin and shaft shoulder during differential speed rotation |
| CN103920986A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-07-16 | 北京理工大学 | Stir friction both-side welding method for medium-thickness plate |
| CN104588867A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-05-06 | 西北工业大学 | High-strength aluminum alloy sheet resistance spot welding molten core inner crack healing method |
| CN109483041A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-03-19 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Friction welding axial deflection accuracy control process |
| CN111531265A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-14 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | Keyhole-free friction spot welding method |
| WO2021212650A1 (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2021-10-28 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | Key-hole-free friction stir spot welding method |
| CN112091404A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-12-18 | 西北工业大学 | Deformation-free repair method for thin-wall part double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding keyhole |
| CN112091404B (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2021-09-28 | 西北工业大学 | Deformation-free repair method for thin-wall part double-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding keyhole |
| CN114273770A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-05 | 上海工程技术大学 | Closed needle-free friction stir spot welding device and method |
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