CN101052778A - Window and window frame - Google Patents
Window and window frame Download PDFInfo
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- CN101052778A CN101052778A CNA200580030467XA CN200580030467A CN101052778A CN 101052778 A CN101052778 A CN 101052778A CN A200580030467X A CNA200580030467X A CN A200580030467XA CN 200580030467 A CN200580030467 A CN 200580030467A CN 101052778 A CN101052778 A CN 101052778A
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- window
- air
- vestibule
- frame
- outlet slit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
- F24F13/18—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates specially adapted for insertion in flat panels, e.g. in door or window-pane
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
- E06B7/02—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows for providing ventilation, e.g. through double windows; Arrangement of ventilation roses
- E06B7/10—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows for providing ventilation, e.g. through double windows; Arrangement of ventilation roses by special construction of the frame members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation
- F24F2011/0002—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation for admittance of outside air
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
- Wing Frames And Configurations (AREA)
- Door And Window Frames Mounted To Openings (AREA)
Abstract
A window comprising a circumferential window frame and one or more window elements mounted in the window frame. The window frame including a first air inlet aperture at the bottom of the frame communicating with the exterior, and a first air outlet aperture communicating with the interior and further communicating with the first air inlet aperture through one or more air channels extending through substantially the entire length of the hollow frame.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of window arrangement of novelty, also relate to a kind of technology of improving interior air between building or housing types in addition.
Over past ten years, the common shortage of energy and ambient conditions individual or crowd are stayed or the building of working more heat insulation, in order to avoid during the cold season, autumn, winter and the spring that for example depend on the building discussed or house, energy loss and heat are delivered to external environment from heating building.
Yet, building increases heat insulation some health problem that causes, especially lack from environment or introduce the problem of fresh air from the outside, because most of buildings or dwelling house except that ventilation system is provided, only allow air between described building or housing types by opening one or fan window more and introduce fresh cold air from the outside and exchange with fresh air, in this case, wasted the energy of the hot air that is allowed to be discharged into environment.
Carried out some and attempted providing the ventilation window arrangement, for example from US5,475,957, US4,572,282 and WO 92/14023 in the structure learnt.With reference to above publication, above United States Patent (USP) is introduced reference in this manual.
The purpose of this invention is to provide simple and reliable window arrangement, this window arrangement allows rooms of buildings to ventilate, in building, window is set separates room and external environment, in this case, allow to be introduced into the air preheat in room,, rather than allow cold fresh air optionally to introduce in the room of being discussed with energy conservation.
Of the present invention being characterized as, by using air preheat according to innovative techniques of the present invention, situation about being substituted by the fresh unheated air of introducing the room with wherein only discharging from the air in room is compared, and can make the air energy that substitutes from fresh air outside save 50-60%.
Special characteristic of the present invention is, allow preheated air be introduced into building particularly the innovative techniques of rooms of buildings can set up by such window arrangement, wherein compare with traditional windows with same outward appearance, on the architecture viewpoint, destroy the building discussed or the outward appearance of dwelling house, and can make by the heat insulation pultrusion element of height, allow the manufacturing of window and window frame to have the overall size identical, and make by the traditional material of for example timber, plastics, metal or its combination with the traditional windows that is used for identical building or dwelling house.
Above purpose and above advantage and many other purposes, advantage and feature are apparent from following detailed description of the present invention together, if and following according to a first aspect of the invention window obtains: this window comprises that annular window frame and one or more are installed to the window element on the described window frame, described window frame is included in the first air intake vestibule and the first air outlet slit vestibule of described base of frame and external communications, and the described first air outlet slit vestibule also further is communicated with the described first air intake vestibule by one or more air duct that passes the whole length extension of described hollow frame basically with internal communication.
As following discuss in according to the technical description of window first embodiment of the present invention, hollow frame is set, hollow frame therein, one or more air ducts pass the air outlet slit vestibule from bottom air inlet vestibule and extend and be provided with, wherein this air outlet slit vestibule preferably is arranged on the window frame top, be used to pass these one or more air ducts and come extracting air, in this air duct, air is preheated by the heat from wall or house interior.Preferably, this hollow frame is by high strength and the particularly pultrusion polymeric material manufacturing of high adiabatic polymerisation thing material, make this framework with shallow structure rather than bulky structure manufacturing, thereby allow whole window according to existing architecture requirement manufacturing, do not destroy the architectural appearance of the building that this window wherein is installed.
Traditionally, the window of most of buildings has rectangle or square structure, and according to the present preferred embodiment of window of the present invention, this window frame has overall rectangle or square structure, and comprises bottom frame members, two opposite side frame partss and top frame parts.It should be understood that, the window element that is installed on the window frame can be the known any form in this area, for example be fixed on single window element on the window frame, can raise or can reduction, tiltable or the rotation window element of installing, alternatively a plurality of window element for example are used for four or six window element or any other structure as the known window of " Dannebrog " window (name is taken from the red white flag Danneborg of Denmark) in Denmark usually traditionally.Also will be understood that, pane can be single-glass, multilayer or glazing pane, window frame can be made by a kind of material simultaneously, preferably make by drawing and extruding section bar, and window element can have by making with the window frame identical materials or by different materials and combination of materials, for example timber, metal, plastics comprise the metal of heat-barrier material, and wherein heat-barrier material for example is mineral wool or glass wool or polymeric material or its combination.In this respect, will be understood that also that term " window frame " will be understood that the external support structure of window, this structure will directly or by support component be fixed on the dwelling house of being discussed or building walls.Similarly, term " window element " will be understood that to limit the term of the element that comprises transparent element, and wherein this transparent element is made by glass or compound glass, and is included in toroidal shell or the casement.
In order to make the air duct in the hollow window frame that is included in window play the flue effect according to the present invention, allow air optionally to move to the outlet vestibule from the inlet vestibule, and be preheated in this case, preferably, the first air intake vestibule is arranged on the bottom frame members, and at least one air duct extends along bottom frame members, side frame elements and top frame parts.
According to weather conditions, temperature difference externally and between the inside particularly, and air humidity, the overall structure of institute's discussion building if possible in addition, from building walls or from interior of building to the heat transmission that is included in the preheated air passage in the hollow window frame of window according to the present invention, can be limited to from wall on every side or selectively from the heat transmission in the room of being discussed.Therefore, select embodiment for two of window according to the present invention, this hollow frame it on inner surface by heat insulation, be used to set up heat transmission from wall on every side to this or more air ducts, alternatively, this hollow frame it on the external surface of wall on every side by heat insulation.
For the air that guides and control by this or more air ducts flows, this air duct can geometry in particular dispose, here, this hollow frame can have the cross section of substantial constant from the air intake vestibule to the air outlet slit vestibule, the cross section that perhaps can have reduction, perhaps the cross section that alternatively increases is used to make the air by air duct to slow down or acceleration.In addition, the surface that limits the hollow frame of air duct can be provided with improves the hot specific coating of transmitting, perhaps as discussed above such, and this coating flows as heat insulation layer or as air and quickens or the mobile deceleration face coat of air.
As feature of the present invention, this hollow frame that comprises at least one air duct is separable for constituting a plurality of air ducts of one group of parallel air duct or continuous air duct, therefore, another embodiment of window according to the present invention, this hollow window frame comprises the inside partition wall that this hollow frame is divided into two split tunnels.The split tunnel that is limited by partition wall can constitute binary channels, and one of them is the continuity of first passage, occupies the air flow passage that limits the single air flow passage length twice of inner space in the hollow window frame thereby provide.In order to improve at the air that is input to the room and to allow from the heat transmission between the room exhaust air, according to window of the present invention, advantageously, the first passage that can be arranged to define by partition wall is set up the connection from first air inlet port to first air outlet slit, and also comprise with the second air intake vestibule of internal communication and with the second air outlet slit vestibule of external communications, the second channel of described hollow window frame is set up from the second air intake vestibule to the connection second air outlet slit.
In order to guarantee from being used for from the heat of institute's discussion room air discharged transmission the air that will be introduced into the room is carried out preheating, preferably, the most close outer setting of first passage, and preferably, second channel is arranged on the first passage back of close inside.
Air-flow by second channel can be set up like this, promptly according to the physical location of the second air intake vestibule and the second air outlet slit vestibule, and with compare by the first passage air-flow, parallel and at equidirectional, can select and preferably, in the opposite direction.
The preheated air inlet that provides for the people who is positioned at the room is closed, wherein allow preheated air to enter into this room according to window of the present invention, for example, it is very low-level that external temperature reaches, preferably, the inlet/outlet vestibule of window is provided with the shutoff device that makes the window sealing according to the present invention.
Above purpose and above advantage and many other purposes, advantage and feature together will be apparent from following detailed description of the present invention, and obtain by a kind of window or the annular window frame that is used for window according to second aspect present invention, described window comprises that one or more is installed on the described window frame or will be installed to window element on the described window frame, described window frame comprises the first air intake vestibule and the first air outlet slit vestibule with external communications, and the described first air outlet slit vestibule also further is communicated with the described first air intake vestibule by one or more air duct that passes the whole length extension of described hollow frame basically with internal communication.
Above purpose and above advantage and many other purposes, advantage and feature together will be apparent from following detailed description of the present invention, and obtain by a kind of method of improving building or dwelling house space air according to third aspect present invention, by the window according to first aspect is set, permission is introduced in the room from the fresh preheated air of outside, this window is installed in described building or premises, and allow to pass the described first air admission passage and enter from air outside, and be transmitted by running through described one or more air duct that the whole length of described basically hollow frame extends, in this case, air is preheated and allows preheated air to pass described air outlet slit vestibule and introduces the room.
Further describe the present invention below with reference to accompanying drawing, wherein in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the perspective diagram of first and present preferred embodiment of window according to the present invention, comprising framework according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 be also shown in Figure 1 according to the present invention the vertical sectional view of first embodiment of window.
Fig. 3 is perspective signal and a partial sectional view like Fig. 1 view with first embodiment of the window according to the present invention, wherein shows the airflow direction that passes window frame.
Fig. 4 a is the perspective diagram that framework can be selected embodiment according to the present invention, wherein shows the different flow directions that pass the framework air.
Fig. 4 b is in the details of window frame shown in Fig. 4 a, wherein shows the relative direction of passing the window frame air-flow.
Fig. 4 c is in the vertical sectional view of window frame shown in Fig. 4 a, wherein shows the flow direction that passes window frame.
Fig. 5 a be the window frame according to the present invention the 3rd embodiment with the similar perspective diagram of Fig. 4 a, wherein show the flow direction that passes the window frame air.
Fig. 5 b is and the similar vertical sectional view of Fig. 4 c, wherein shows the airflow direction that passes window frame shown in Fig. 5 a.
Fig. 6 a be the window frame according to the present invention the 4th embodiment with the similar perspective diagram of Fig. 4 a, wherein show the flow direction that passes the window frame air.
Fig. 6 b is and the similar vertical sectional view of Fig. 4 c, wherein shows the airflow direction that passes window frame shown in Fig. 6 a.
Fig. 7 is installed in the horizontal cross that comprises the window arrangement of window according to the present invention on the load bearing wall for working as.
Fig. 8 has been shown in further detail to pass according to the present invention window frame first and the perspective diagram of the air-flow of preferred embodiment at present, wherein also shows this embodiment at Fig. 1,2 and 3, and
Fig. 9 is that the image that shows corresponding relation between the delivery areas of air-flow and temperature efficiency also comprises corresponding literal simultaneously.
In Fig. 1, show first and present preferred embodiment of window according to the present invention, all represent with Reference numeral 10.This window 10 is general designs, and is common especially in Denmark's old building thing, is commonly called " Dannebrog " window (with the red white flag name of Denmark).This window 10 comprises annular hollow frame 12, and this framework 12 is parallelly formed with upright frame member 14, horizontal top framework 16 and relative horizontal bottom frame parts 18 by two.The independent frame parts of this framework 12 integrally connects together, and the boring space is provided, and passes the bottom vestibule 20 that is arranged on horizontal frame member 18 centers, can enter in this space from the outside.
This window 10 also comprises montant 22 and horizon bar 24, and the overall geometry of " Dannebrog " is provided.Between framework 12 and intersection vertical and horizontal bar 22 and 24, four openings are set, in each opening, four independent window element are installed altogether, preferably pivotally be installed on the independent hinge, be used to allow window to open and close.Not illustrating in the accompanying drawings can hidden hinge in the framework back.In Fig. 1, single window, left hand bottom window are represented with Reference numeral 26, and are comprised sash 28 and glass window 30.
In Fig. 2, show window 10 with vertical sectional view.Fig. 2 shows the top and bottom frame members 16 and 18 is made of the hollow-core construction element respectively, wherein is provided with hollow inner space in this structural member.In top frame parts 16, the hollow inner space of setting is represented with Reference numeral 17.Similarly, bottom frame members 18 is provided with inner space 19.
In Fig. 3, cut at window 26 and to show framework 12 under a part of situation.Fig. 3 has been shown in further detail the inner passage that is limited in the hollow frame 12, wherein the vestibule 20 of bottom frame members 18 is communicated with inner space 19 in being limited to frame parts 18, and also be limited to vertical side frame parts 14 in inner space 15 be communicated with, also be communicated with hollow top frame parts 16 from this inner space 15, on these top frame parts 16, be provided with vestibule 32, by this vestibule 32, the air that enters into hollow frame 12 in bottom shown in the arrow 34 is allowed to enter into from the outside framework 12, in addition by when contacting with framework, making air heat with wall, pass vertical hollow side frame elements 14 and carry, pass top vestibule 32 and enter into the room that window is installed.Be first and the performance of present preferred embodiment and the more detailed technology analysis of feature below at window shown in Fig. 1-3.
For example by additional channel being arranged in the hollow frame 12, by heat insulation overburden being arranged in the hollow frame or by for example introducing heat transfer element by passive heater such as metal sheet or radiator linear element or active heater, enter vestibule from bottom and can revise in many ways to the technology that enters vestibule towards environment, wherein in passing hollow window frame after the air heat of passage fresh outside air be allowed to be incorporated into dwelling house or the interior of building that window is installed.
In the following description of selecting embodiment, indicate to be illustrated in the element discussed among Fig. 1-3 or the Reference numeral of parts with above parts or the identical parts of element or element with reference to figure 1-3 description.Have identical function with aforesaid element or parts but different on geometry with said elements or parts, be included in following selection embodiment and parts as described below or element and use the Reference numeral identical to represent with previously described element or parts, yet, some marks have been increased, to distinguish the difference of each parts on geometric space.
In Fig. 4 a, 5a and 6a, show three selectivity modification of window frame 12.In Fig. 4 a, binary channels is arranged in the framework 12, pass the air that enters hollow frame 12 by the vestibule 20 shown in the arrow 34 and can pass the external channel that itself and inner passage is separated by partition wall 36, wherein in Fig. 4 b, be shown in further detail partition wall 36, make the air that enters pass first or external channel 15a (equally referring to Fig. 4 c), before this air passes vestibule 32 ' enter building or dwelling house inside, passing inner passage 15b descends, vestibule 32 ' be arranged in the bottom frame members 18 wherein, different with described above first with present preferred embodiment, this first and at present in the preferred embodiment, allow preheated air to pass this vestibule 32 that vestibule 32 enters and be arranged in the top frame parts 16.
In Fig. 5 a, framework 12 " comprise with as above with reference to the described identical partition wall 36 of figure 4a-4c; yet; aforesaid partition wall 36 is divided into two parts to single passage; this partition wall 36 is provided with two split tunnels; passage is as from entering the admission passage of vestibule 20 vestibules 32, and this passage represents with Reference numeral 15a, and play with as above with reference to the identical effect of the described admission passage of figure 3 15.
Another passage that constitutes exit passageway is arranged on the admission passage back, this exit passageway is divided into two parts, these two parts form and are communicated with two vestibules 38 in top frame parts 18, and pass passage 15b and be communicated with two outlet at bottom vestibules 40 in bottom frame members 16, wherein passage 15b is arranged on admission passage 15a back.Passage 15b constitutes preheating channel, and wherein the outlet air that is directed from dwelling house or interior of building is used to make and enters air preheat.In vestibule 38, preferably, closure member can be set, if make the user cut off outlet air when being used for forming the excess air discharge stream, similarly in Fig. 3,4a and 5a, closure member can be arranged in the air intake vestibule 20, perhaps selectively is arranged in the vestibule 32.
In Fig. 5 b, shown in the binary channels 15a of Fig. 5 a and 15b be shown in further detail rightabout from dwelling house or interior of building to two outside and opposite air streams.
", with the window frame shown in Figure 51 12 " makes and passes air admission passage 15b flow direction and put upside down in Fig. 6 a, to show the 4th embodiment 12 of window frame, just can obtain 12 among the figure ".In Fig. 6 a, single vestibule 38 ' be provided with as air outlet passage 15b inlet, from inlet in this bottom frame members 18, pass this air outlet passage 15b set up with on top frame parts 16 two export 40 ' be communicated with.In Fig. 6 b, show and pass passage 15a and the mobile direction of 15b air.
In Fig. 7, the window 10 that the present preferred embodiment of window is implemented according to the present invention is contained on the brick wall.In Fig. 7, framework 12 by across two parts of partition 36 ' be divided into, this partition 36 ' wherein mainly as reinforced frame 12 inwalls.In passage 15, heat insulation overburden 13 is set, this heat insulation overburden 13 apply framework 12 on outside plate, and be used for improving the heat-insulating property towards outside plate of hollow frame 12.
Be understandable that, window 10 can be revised as any traditional single glass pane or many parts glazing structure from so-called " Dannebrog " type, in addition, also attainable is to comprise that the independent window of casement can be made according to any architecture or functional specification.
The window 10 that comprises window frame 12 can be by any suitable material manufacturing, for example timber, plastics, the metal that combines with for example timber, mineral wool or glass wool plastics or the like heat-barrier material.Especially the polymeric material that comprises that PVC, PE, PP, ABS or any other anti-UV or UV resistance are improved be can use, fibre strengthening or non-fiber-reinforced material comprised.If select for example polymeric material of vinyl esters, carbolic acid and epoxy resin, then extruding and especially pultrusion process are suitable, be used for framework 12 is provided as the combination forming element, preferably by the pultrusion element manufacturing of the beneficial characteristics that presents high strength, low weight and high thermal resistivity.
In Fig. 8, illustrate in greater detail and pass according to window window frame flow air of the present invention.
In appendix 1, comprising show air flow corresponding relation between transmission area and the temperature efficiency image and comprise in the report of corresponding literal, gone through intrinsic advantage in passing hollow window frame and provide the technology of control air-flow.
Although above description has comprised going through of a present preferred embodiment and various remodeling and alternative, be understandable that, the present invention does not want to be restricted among the embodiment of above argumentation, many remodeling are conspicuous to those skilled in the art, and therefore this remodeling is considered limiting the part of the present invention in the accessory claim book.
Appendix 1
The characteristic of window:
-it allows light to enter
-it makes and can see the user.
-it remains on heat indoor.Two or more layers transparent material (glass) keeps static to gas (atmosphere or argon gas), and it resists the heat transmission by convection current to a great extent whereby.In the heat transmission that reduces facing to some coating on the single-glass of cavity by radiation.Glass itself has bigger light transmittance for shortwave electromagnetic radiation (comprising visible light) than long wave electromagnetic radiation (being included in the heat radiation of indoor and environment).
-pane is fastened on the casement
-this window can normally be opened
-this window is provided with the lifesaving vestibule
-ventilating has some possibility for the user, but need active operation equally, and with acquisition high-quality air, and too many heat is run off from the room, and make minimum gas flow from fresh air.
-it reduces the noise from traffic.
Air leads to frame side, and enters by window frame inside top vestibule by entering in the groove in the frame bottom outside, thereby realizes:
-outdoor air natural preheating 50-60%, thus air-flow reduced for the user;
-ventilating and aspect total heat waste of window, reducing;
-do not ventilate under the noise situation having;
-free from dust
About the calorifics aspect of invention, the structure of window is based on following three features:
1. the air-flow by window frame is 30m in a fan window
3/ h is equivalent to a people's fresh air requirement.
The internal surface temperature of the window frame condition that may be adjusted to der Pilz and condensation 1 year 95% in do not exist.
3. when non-moving air in window frame, the window overall coefficient of heat transfer should reach saves the general requirements that the new forms of energy clause is recommended in Buildings Ordinance.Therefore, this thermal transmittance is no more than 1.5W/m
2K.
Window and window frame are considered the acoustic enviroment design.
Window arrangement based on three thermal technologies require as follows:
1. the air-flow by window frame is 30m in a fan window
3/ h is equivalent to a people's fresh air requirement.
2. the internal surface temperature of window frame does not become very low so that der Pilz and condensation occur.
3. when non-moving air in window frame, the window overall coefficient of heat transfer should reach saves the general requirements that the new forms of energy clause is recommended in Buildings Ordinance.Therefore, this thermal transmittance is no more than 1.5W/m
2K.
In addition, when window is installed, can in the brick wall that limits window aperture, sets up heat bridge and cut stake/cold conductor obstruction.
Air-flow
Suppose that each resident family of most of dwelling houses comprises a fan window of certain size at least, 1-2m
24-6m in window frame zone or on every side.
Essential outdoor air supply is equivalent to 25-30m in order to obtain the high-quality air
3Each resident family of/h.
In order to make the window frame minimise loss of pressure, so that window works under unfavorable conditions, the speed by the window frame air is limited to 0.5m/s, and the cross section that causes the single section bar of window frame is 333 * 25mm.
Der Pilz and condensation
In order to remove der Pilz and condensation, can use cloth with chlorine.Another may be a formation condition of eliminating der Pilz and condensation.
The existence of condensation forms dispensable for der Pilz, the existence of high air humidity is enough.According to following supposition:
" normal domestic use "
At 120m in whole dwelling house
3/ h air-flow, calculate quite simple:
During 95% heating season, if the der Pilz formation condition is eliminated, then at the cold spots of window frame, the structure of window should be equivalent to internal surface temperature, is not less than 14.2 ℃, and when interior temperature is 20 ℃, and outside temperature is 0 ℃.When outside temperature was higher, because humidity is higher in the outdoor air that dwelling house ventilates with it, then minimum interior surface temperature was necessarily correspondingly higher.Otherwise when outside temperature is low also is like this.
In order to may be interpreted as the factor of " nondimensional interior surface temperature " more than describing with general terms, use r
FSj, this factor can be as giving a definition:
r
FSj=(T
Indoor-T
Outdoor)/(T
Indoor-T
Outdoor)
If during 95% heating season, eliminate der Pilz formation condition, described factor r
FSjNecessarily greater than 0.71.
In window, for r
FSjRequirement, the bottom that enters of cold air must be fine heat insulation therein in window frame, simultaneously therein air to become warm a little the top heat insulation poor slightly.
The thermal transmittance of window
Corresponding in Buildings Ordinance, saving the general requirements that the new forms of energy clause is recommended, the target of coming regulation window thermal transmittance: maximum value 1.5W/m
2K, opposing has the environment corresponding to the common heat-barrier material of 20mm, and it is necessary making window frame heat insulation.When ventilation was carried out, this also caused by the further effluent stream further minimum heat losses of window frame.
Center thermal transmittance that pane is good and window frame are heat insulation by 30mm at least is overlapping and thermally coupled is got up, wherein in both sides in the overlapping termination of weather strip.At the pane edge, heat insulation TPS is used for pane is kept together apart from section.
The geometry of window frame makes it can further improve thermal transmittance significantly, if as selecting the triple window lattice, can be thin by utilizing, may nonferrous glass so that weight keeps identical, then the thermal transmittance of window frame also can improve significantly, the solar energy transmitance improves, and color reduces.
Heat bridge/cold the conductor that embeds
When the Kong Ping of window opens, can be around brick wall hole periphery splitted groove.Described groove can be used for that heat bridge is cut stake/cold conductor obstruction and is installed on the brick wall, and the hot-fluid around heavily-shielded window frame reduces whereby.In order to obtain the high-quality air, dwelling house must be provided with induced draft fan or common outlet in the rest room and in the kitchen.The air communication of passing window frame is crossed from the pressure differential of induced draft fan or outlet and is moved.
The pressure loss and adjusting
Wind and weather are depended in common outlet naturally, but in most of the cases, will enough pushing inlet pressures occur.When weather was calm, when outdoor and interior temperature are close to when identical, what (as all the time) often occur was that pushing inlet pressure is also very low.Yet, in these cases, do not need the ventilating air preheating, and the user can only open the window, as they do usually.
Energy-conservation exhaust
Energy consumption when in the building rules, being described to " particular energy consumption " when ventilating, SEL.In new energy-conservation clause, be recommended as exhaust requirements and be no more than 1000J/m for them
3
Yet, can come equilibratory mechanical ventilation (and so high pressure loss) by hot recycling, wherein SEL is less than 1500J/m
3Therefore look to, be supposed to export the induced draft fan of littler pressure can SEL far below 1000J/m
3Require and produce.
The preheating of window frame
In the solid window frame of ordinary window, the amount that flows into framework (from warm indoor environment) hot air is identical with the amount that flows out this framework (to colder environment) hot air.
This also is like this in having the hollow frame of moving air not.
Yet in window according to the present invention, cold, fresh outdoor air passes hollow frame and is introduced into, thereby has reduced the temperature difference between cavity and cold environment, and correspondingly reduces heat waste over there.On the other hand, directly increase from environment in the greenhouse to the heat waste of frame inner surface.Yet the major part of heat waste is used to improve the temperature of cold fresh air.
The useful size of temperature efficiency, the i.e. amount that is preheated with respect to the indoor and outdoors temperature of air.Described temperature efficiency then is called efficient, is abbreviated as " e ", following calculating:
E=(T
Indoor-T
Outdoor)/(T
Indoor-T
Outdoor)
Above calculating formula shows that efficient will be 100%, might be heated to the temperature identical with indoor air temperature to air-flow.When air when 0 ℃ is heated to 10 ℃, when outside temperature is 0 ℃, and interior temperature is when being 20 ℃, e=50%.
Experience is with theoretical
The result who measures is more optimistic than estimated value, uses same geometry, air capacity or the like, and the measurement result demonstration has improved efficient, and this shows: air surpasses expection through the effect after the simple preheating.
Be in the heat-transmitting zone and pass relation between the air-flow by volume (is between the framework inside at room air and cavity) of cavity about the most important parameter of efficient: heat-transmitting zone air-flow more greatly and by volume is less, and then efficient is big more.
Therefore, efficient also illustrates by the special factor in Fig. 9, and wherein this figure is measurement result and estimated value contrast.
In estimated value, each air-flow that by volume calculates is bigger than in test estimation, and the estimated value efficient of calculating also is the highest.
Yet simple linear deduction method (being considered to rational in this area) shows, if the corresponding region that could obtain to test, could be by high efficiency measurement.
Based on the above calculating and test, necessarily think the outdoor air preheating that can realize having the 50-60% temperature efficiency.
Reached The above results under any dayligth effect not comprising.Large-scale incident solar radiation will help the further preheating of air certainly.
The optimization of window frame
The exploitation of window does not also stop.Structure will further be optimized, and comprise:
Flow to minimizing of framework outside heat transmission from gas: theory and evidence are in the slight coarse friction that is reduced between surface and the air-flow on the cavity surface.Like this, the less projection that becomes of " contact " between surface and air-flow, and heat transmission is reduced.Accompanying drawing in measurement result shows the result.
Heat bridge cuts stake/cold conductor obstruction and will be optimised in brick wall: the degree of depth of groove and the amount that needs before reducing effect.
Be used for the fixedly exploitation of closing device of heat bridge/cold conductor of air-flow.
The exploitation of constant volume air damper.
In order to use in the following new home, window will further be developed, and causes thermal transmittance to reduce by half.Target is 0.8W/m
2/ k.
On the other hand, from not being important to the air-flow maximizes heat transfer in the framework, because need be heat insulation, on the surface in room, to keep sufficiently high surface temperature framework inside.
Claims (14)
1. window, comprise that annular window frame and one or more are installed to the window element on the described window frame, described window frame is included in the first air intake vestibule and the first air outlet slit vestibule of described base of frame and external communications, and the described first air outlet slit vestibule also further is communicated with the described first air intake vestibule by one or more air duct that passes the whole length extension of described hollow frame basically with internal communication.
2. according to the window of claim 1, described window frame has whole rectangle or square structure, and comprises bottom frame members, two opposite side portion frame partss and top frame parts.
3. according to the window of claim 2, the described first air intake vestibule is arranged on the described bottom frame members, the described first air outlet slit vestibule is arranged on the described top frame parts, and described at least one air duct extends along described bottom frame members, described side frame elements and the first top frame parts.
4. according to the window of any one claim among the claim 1-3, described hollow frame has separation it on inner surface, is used to set up from wall on every side to the heat transmission of described one or more air duct.
5. according to the window of any one claim among the claim 1-3, described hollow frame it on the external surface of wall on every side by heat insulation.
6. according to the window of any one claim of claim 1-5, the cross section that described hollow frame has substantial constant from the described first air intake vestibule to the described first air outlet slit vestibule, and have the cross section of reduction from the described first air intake vestibule to the described first air outlet slit vestibule or discharge the cross section that vestibule has increase from the described first air intake vestibule to described air first.
7. according to the window of any one claim among the claim 1-6, described hollow frame comprises the inside partition wall that described hollow frame is divided into two split tunnels.
8. according to the window of claim 7, first passage is limited by described partition wall, set up connection from described first air intake to described first air outlet slit, and described hollow frame also comprise with the second air intake vestibule of internal communication and with the second air outlet slit vestibule of external communications, the second channel of described hollow window frame has been set up the connection from the described second air intake vestibule to described second air outlet slit.
9. window according to Claim 8, the most close outer setting of described first passage, and described second channel is provided with in the most described first passage back of close inside.
10. according to Claim 8 or the window of 9 any one claim, described second channel flows to have set up air with described first passage equidirectional, perhaps can select and preferably, described second channel has been set up at the air-flow opposite with described first passage.
11. according to the window of any one claim of claim 1-10, described air enters and/or the air outlet slit vestibule has the closing device of closing described vestibule.
A 12. window or be used for the annular window frame of window, described window comprises that one or more is installed on the described window frame or will be installed to window element on the described window frame, described window frame comprises the first air intake vestibule and the first air outlet slit vestibule with external communications, and the described first air outlet slit vestibule also further is communicated with the described first air intake vestibule by one or more air duct that passes the whole length extension of described hollow frame basically with internal communication.
13., also comprise any feature according to the window of any one claim of claim 2-9 according to the window of claim 12.
14. method of improving building or dwelling house space air, by the window according to any one claim of claim 1-11 is set, permission is introduced in the room from the fresh preheated air of outside, this window is installed in described building or premises, and allow to pass the described first air admission passage and enter from air outside, and be transmitted by running through described one or more air duct that the whole length of described basically hollow frame extends, in this case, air is preheated and allows preheated air to pass described air outlet slit vestibule and introduces the room.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04388061.6 | 2004-09-15 | ||
| EP04388061A EP1640552A1 (en) | 2004-09-15 | 2004-09-15 | A window and a window frame |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101052778A true CN101052778A (en) | 2007-10-10 |
Family
ID=34931956
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA200580030467XA Pending CN101052778A (en) | 2004-09-15 | 2005-09-15 | Window and window frame |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP1640552A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2008513632A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101052778A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2005284508A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2579515A1 (en) |
| EA (1) | EA200700638A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006029630A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105464561A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-04-06 | 尚高建材（长沙）有限公司 | Dustproof door and window |
| CN106014108A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-10-12 | 重庆瑞明节能门窗有限公司 | Novel sealed heat-insulation energy-saving door and window |
| TWI697611B (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2020-07-01 | 亞細亞氣密隔音窗股份有限公司 | Window frame capable of promoting indoor and outdoor air circulation |
| CN115126401A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-30 | 黄彩芳 | Heat-insulation energy-saving aluminum alloy door and window |
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| DE102009040107A1 (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2011-03-10 | Ulrich Stieler Kunststoff Service E.K. | Device for building ventilation |
| PL390218A1 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2011-08-01 | Jacek Olaf Klimaszewski | Envelope heat exchanger |
| CN102261217A (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2011-11-30 | 清展科技股份有限公司 | Air purification device for door or window |
| CN102454353B (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2015-01-21 | 朱旭红 | Solar outer circulation air displacement purification window |
| JP6022776B2 (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2016-11-09 | 三協立山株式会社 | sash |
| DK177109B1 (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2011-10-03 | Venetian Solar Aps | Window code unit for mounting externally on a building |
| KR101154595B1 (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2012-06-11 | 한준배 | Ventilation systems and heat exchangers with windows for energy savings |
| AT512198B1 (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2015-11-15 | Ifn Holding Ag | WINDOW |
| US8629539B2 (en) | 2012-01-16 | 2014-01-14 | Allegro Microsystems, Llc | Methods and apparatus for magnetic sensor having non-conductive die paddle |
| CN102587807B (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2014-01-29 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hybrid ventilating window |
| DE102012016448A1 (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2014-03-13 | Roto Frank Ag | Inner lining for a window and window arrangement with a window |
| CN102817538A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-12 | 辽宁自然冰科技有限公司 | Temperature-controlled hollow breathing window body system |
| JP6543021B2 (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2019-07-10 | 株式会社エクセルシャノン | Window frame |
| CN104329002B (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-03-02 | 天津中财型材有限责任公司 | Horizontal communication section bar and use the window of this section bar |
| JP6605284B2 (en) * | 2015-10-06 | 2019-11-13 | 株式会社佐原 | Window equipment |
| CN108105937B (en) * | 2017-05-28 | 2024-07-26 | 袁功峰 | Heat recovery type fresh air fan for ring window frame |
| FR3095828B1 (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2021-06-18 | Lapeyre | INTEGRATED VENTILATION DEVICE |
| US10991644B2 (en) | 2019-08-22 | 2021-04-27 | Allegro Microsystems, Llc | Integrated circuit package having a low profile |
| KR102187850B1 (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-12-11 | 더블유건설주식회사 | Windows system with a duct device |
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| JPS5974443A (en) * | 1982-10-20 | 1984-04-26 | Yoshida Kogyo Kk <Ykk> | Ventilating apparatus for building |
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| DE8715582U1 (en) * | 1987-11-24 | 1989-09-14 | Metallbau Filser & Söhne GmbH & Co KG, 8045 Ismaning | Ventilation device |
| DE3802583A1 (en) * | 1988-01-29 | 1989-08-10 | Wetzel Alfred | Ventilating apparatus for windows and/or French windows for the recuperative ventilating and venting of lounges (recreation rooms) |
| WO1992014023A2 (en) * | 1991-01-23 | 1992-08-20 | Cox Marcus C | Sound deadening window ventilation apparatus |
| DE9316297U1 (en) * | 1993-10-26 | 1994-01-27 | KBE-Vertriebsgesellschaft für Kunststoffprodukte GmbH & Co. KG, 66763 Dillingen | Window or balcony door with rebate seal and forced ventilation |
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-
2004
- 2004-09-15 EP EP04388061A patent/EP1640552A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-09-15 CA CA002579515A patent/CA2579515A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-09-15 EA EA200700638A patent/EA200700638A1/en unknown
- 2005-09-15 CN CNA200580030467XA patent/CN101052778A/en active Pending
- 2005-09-15 JP JP2007531598A patent/JP2008513632A/en active Pending
- 2005-09-15 EP EP05779081A patent/EP1799949A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-09-15 WO PCT/DK2005/000584 patent/WO2006029630A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-09-15 AU AU2005284508A patent/AU2005284508A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105464561A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-04-06 | 尚高建材（长沙）有限公司 | Dustproof door and window |
| CN106014108A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-10-12 | 重庆瑞明节能门窗有限公司 | Novel sealed heat-insulation energy-saving door and window |
| TWI697611B (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2020-07-01 | 亞細亞氣密隔音窗股份有限公司 | Window frame capable of promoting indoor and outdoor air circulation |
| CN115126401A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-30 | 黄彩芳 | Heat-insulation energy-saving aluminum alloy door and window |
| CN115126401B (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2024-01-05 | 河北鞍雨虹门窗有限公司 | Heat-insulating energy-saving aluminum alloy door and window |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EA200700638A1 (en) | 2007-10-26 |
| EP1640552A1 (en) | 2006-03-29 |
| CA2579515A1 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
| JP2008513632A (en) | 2008-05-01 |
| AU2005284508A1 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
| WO2006029630A1 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
| EP1799949A1 (en) | 2007-06-27 |
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Open date: 20071010 |