CN101033154A - Method and device for fast composting kitchen residual by catalytic decomposing agent - Google Patents
Method and device for fast composting kitchen residual by catalytic decomposing agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN101033154A CN101033154A CNA2007100986542A CN200710098654A CN101033154A CN 101033154 A CN101033154 A CN 101033154A CN A2007100986542 A CNA2007100986542 A CN A2007100986542A CN 200710098654 A CN200710098654 A CN 200710098654A CN 101033154 A CN101033154 A CN 101033154A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
This invention discloses a method and a device for composting rest materials of kitchens by corrosion-catalyst, which adds a corrosion-catalyst solution into an analog rest material of kitchen composed of potatos, rice, carrots, leaves, meat, soya and plant soil in a certain proportion to process them and keep the compost system under room temperature and ventilation, in which, the application of corrosion-catalyst can increase the degradation rate and degree of organic matters and increases the effect of the compost products, the degradation rate is increased by 76%, the degradation degree of organic matters of the compost products is increased by 16.3% and content of NH4+-N is increased by 62.4%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the organic waste processing technology field, what relate to is the method and the device of a kind of applied catalysis rotten agent carrying out kitchen excess high-rate composting.
Technical background
Raising along with the human life quality, the quantity of kitchen excess is also in surge, owing to its moisture and the very high municipal wastes that is different from of organic content, rot easily and the generation stench, to existent environment of people with healthyly produced direct harm, become big public hazards of society, therefore, be necessary the processing of kitchen excess is studied.
Kitchen excess and municipal wastes mix to be handled, because the water ratio and the organic component proportions of kitchen excess are very high, compares other domestic wastes, can rot in the short period of time, degrade.Burn if the kitchen excess mixes with other municipal wastess, whole thermal value does not reach the heat that generating requires; If mix with other municipal wastes and to carry out landfill, its water ratio height can produce a large amount of percolates, and burning and landfill can be wasted great number of organic matters and nutrient in the excess of kitchen again.Therefore, be necessary rubbish from cooking is carried out individual curing.
Individual curing is carried out to the kitchen excess in many countries and regions.At present, the major technique of handling the kitchen excess has: directly discharging, and this method causes environmental pollution, and helps transmission of disease; Landfill, it is more extensive that this method is used, and the percolate that produces behind the landfill is more, the meeting polluted underground water; High temperature aerobic composting is handled, and the processing cycle is short, organic matter degradation degree height, and pathogenic microbe killing effectively, but its hot environment is wayward; Pulverize the kitchen excess through apparatus for disposing of food waste, directly enter water drain, or, make moisture evaporation, reduce the volume of rubbish from cooking again to kitchen excess minimizing, or resource utilization, utilize bacterium or earthworm to promote organic decomposition, product is made fertilizer; Feedization is classified earlier to rubbish from cooking, and after the higher kitchen excess of nutritive ingredient passed through a series of relevant technical finesses, as the additive of animal-feed, but rotten kitchen excess can not carry out resource utilization as fodder additives; Utilize the biogas that produces, power generation and heat supply; Biological process can make rubbish from cooking minimizing, innoxious and resource utilization.Relatively Chang Yong biological treatment is generally compost and anaerobically fermenting system biogas.The processing cost of compost method is lower, technology is simple, and the investment of anaerobically fermenting system biogas technology is bigger, handles the technology of kitchen excess based on compost in China.
At present, the technology of compost treatment solid refuse is mainly: anaerobic treatment achieves minimizing, innoxious and resource utilization.Can produce a large amount of nitrogen losses in the aerobic composting process, mainly evaporate in the atmosphere with the form of the gaseous compound of nitrogen and go, cause the quality of compost product to reduce greatly, the method for controlling nitrogen loss at present has the high carbon species of adding; Metallic salt and element sulphur; Sorbent material; Add the hydrophosphate absorbed nitrogen and carry out fixed nitrogen and add as the inoculating microbes of vinelandii and so on, with the fertilizer efficiency of raising compost product.Separately the research that the kitchen excess is carried out compost treatment has a lot: utilize excess sludge and kitchen excess mixing high-rate composting; Utilize and remove heavy mud and kitchen excess blended anaerobic digestion; The kitchen excess is carried out anaerobic digestion; The kitchen excess is carried out aerobic compost etc.The research that kitchen waste compost is handled just improves the stable aspect of degradation rate and compost product, improves the fertilizer efficiency of compost product and the research of organic palliating degradation degree at the same time and does not also report for work.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide can minimizing and harmless treatment kitchen excess, can improve the method and the device of a kind of applied catalysis rotten agent carrying out kitchen excess high-rate composting of the fertilizer efficiency of compost product simultaneously again.It is characterized in that, the method for described applied catalysis rotten agent carrying out kitchen excess high-rate composting, its concrete steps:
1) the simulation kitchen waste compost is handled
(1) in the compost reaction container of packing into by the simulation kitchen excess of potato, rice, Radix Dauci Sativae, leaf, meat, soybean and inoculation soil constitution, adds catalytic decomposing agent solution then.
(2) load onto the reaction container lid, ventilate from the reaction container bottom, speed is 0.4-0.6L/min, open the waste pipe at reaction container top and the percolate delivery pipe of bottom simultaneously, compost is under room temp and the aerobic environment, and prevent the accumulation of percolate, the former state sample is got in compost reaction beginning.
(3) after compost began, every other day sample thief once carried out turning simultaneously, and the time of each sample thief is identical, and the compost reaction continues 26 days.
2) compost sample is measured
(1) mensuration of organic matter in the compost sample
The stability of compost sample is represented with the organic matter degradation degree, adopts the amount of the organic matter in the calcination method working sample.Utilize following formula to represent the degradation of organic matter degree:
P-degradation of organic matter degree
X
The former state sampleThe organic content of sample when-compost reacts initial
X
Compost sampleThe organic content of sample in the-compost reaction process
(2) NH in the compost sample
4 +The mensuration of-N
NH in the compost sample
4 +The content of-N adopts distillation method to measure.
3) effect test
Organic content, NH in the compost product of compost product when catalytic decomposing agent is arranged when analyzing no catalytic decomposing agent
4 +-N content.Show that by contrast catalytic decomposing agent can not only improve the degradation of organic matter degree, can also improve the fertilizer efficiency of compost product.
Carbon-nitrogen ratio C in the excess of described simulation kitchen: N=17: 1 (mass ratio).
Described catalytic decomposing agent: water solvent=5: 28 (mass ratio).
The addition of the described catalytic decomposing agent that adds catalytic decomposing agent solution in the excess of kitchen and the mass ratio of kitchen excess are 1: 60～80.
Described to make compost be in room temp be to control the pneumatics pump operation automatically by top temperature control meter, bottom temperature control meter, carries out ventilation and regulate.
The device of described applied catalysis rotten agent carrying out kitchen excess high-rate composting, its composition is that composting material 2 is housed in reaction container 1, top temperature control meter 3, bottom temperature control meter 4 insert composting material 2 central authorities, the bottom of reaction container 1 is provided with air-spreading disk 14, percolate delivery line 5 is installed in the bucket of reaction container 1 at the end, and waste gas duct 13 is drawn the back from reaction bung 12 and inserted in the collection trap of band oxygen monitoring device 7 by the conduit that passes suitable for reading that a valve inserts ammonia collecting trap 8, ammonia collecting trap 8; Condenser 6 is enclosed within and inserts on the oxygen monitoring device 7 conduit peripheries; Air flowmeter 9 is connected on the fresh air ingress pipe 11 of bottom of reaction container 1; Pneumatics pump 10 is connected on air flowmeter 9 back.
Positively effect of the present invention: through 26 days compost treatment, compare with the contrast experiment, organic matter degradation speed has improved 76% in the compost product, and it is about 16.3% that the organic matter degradation degree improves, simultaneously NH in the compost product
4 +-N content has increased by 62.4%, and composting process has not only improved the stability of compost product, and has improved the fertilizer efficiency of compost product again greatly, has realized the minimizing and the resource utilization of kitchen excess.
In sum, the rotten agent compost treatment of applied catalysis kitchen excess relatively has following advantage with the method for compost treatment kitchen excess in the past:
(1) the rotten agent compost treatment of applied catalysis kitchen excess, is swift in response at the processing efficiency height.
(2) the rotten agent compost treatment of applied catalysis kitchen excess, NH in organic matter degradation degree and the compost product in the composting process
4 +-N content significantly increases, and has effectively improved the utility value of compost product in agricultural.
(3) the rotten agent compost treatment of applied catalysis kitchen excess has been saved the energy, has realized the minimizing and the resource utilization of solid waste again, thereby has had very high practicality and using value.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 compositing system synoptic diagram of the present invention.
The contrast of nitrogen content in Fig. 2 compost sample.
The contrast of organic per-cent in Fig. 3 compost sample.
Embodiment
Blank assay: (C: N=17: 1) 10kg packs in the compost reaction container 1 by the simulation kitchen excess 2 of potato, rice, Radix Dauci Sativae, leaf, meat, soybean and inoculation soil constitution, under the rate of venting condition of the 0.4-0.6L/min that pneumatics pump 10 provides, the maintenance system is in the room temp condition, this compositing system is in the room temp condition by control pneumatics pump 10 operations automatically of top temperature control meter 3, bottom temperature control meter 4, carry out ventilation and regulate, simulate kitchen waste compost and handle experiment.Get the former state sample when compost begins, every other day sample thief once carries out turning simultaneously later on, and the time of each sample thief is identical, and the compost reaction continues 26 days, reaches steady state.NH in the working sample
4 +-N content and organic content.
The contrast experiment 1: will be by potato, rice, Radix Dauci Sativae, leaf, meat, (C: N=17: 1) 10kg's simulation kitchen excess of soybean and inoculation soil constitution packs in the compost reaction container 1, add a certain proportion of catalytic decomposing agent solution (catalytic decomposing agent quality: water solvent quality=5: 28) 825g, under the rate of venting condition of the 0.4-0.6L/min that pneumatics pump 10 provides, keep compositing system to be in the room temp condition, this compositing system is in the room temp condition by top temperature control meter 3, bottom temperature control meter 4 control pneumatics pump 10 operations are automatically simulated kitchen waste compost and are handled experiment.Get the former state sample when compost begins, every other day sample thief once carries out turning simultaneously later on, and the time of each sample thief is identical, and the compost reaction continues 26 days, reaches steady state.The content of the organic matter in the working sample.
The contrast experiment 2: by potato, rice, Radix Dauci Sativae, leaf, meat, (C: N=17: 1) 10kg's simulation kitchen excess of soybean and inoculation soil constitution packs in the compost reaction container, add a certain proportion of catalytic decomposing agent solution (catalytic decomposing agent quality: water solvent quality=5: 28) 825g, under the rate of venting condition of the 0.4-0.6L/min that pneumatics pump 10 provides, the maintenance system is in the room temp condition, this compositing system is in the room temp condition by top temperature control meter 3, bottom temperature control meter 4 control pneumatics pump 10 operations automatically, carry out ventilation and regulate, simulate kitchen waste compost and handle experiment.Get the former state sample when compost begins, every other day sample thief once carries out turning simultaneously later on, and the time of each sample thief is identical, and the compost reaction continues 26 days, reaches steady state.NH in the working sample
4 +-N content.Percolate is by percolate delivery line 5 guiding systems, and fresh air enters system by bright air leading-in conduit 11 through pneumatics pump 10, air flowmeter 9 and a control valve, and waste gas is discharged by the waste gas duct on the reaction container lid 12 13.
As shown in Figure 2: as can be seen from the figure, when compost reaction tends towards stability state, the kitchen waste compost process of the rotten agent of applied catalysis, ammonia-nitrogen content is obviously than the ammonia-nitrogen content height of blank sample in the composting production.Through 26 days compost treatment, compare NH in the compost product with the contrast experiment
4 +-N content has increased by 62.4%, and composting process has not only improved the stability of compost product, and has improved the fertilizer efficiency of compost product again greatly,
As shown in Figure 3: as can be seen from the figure, when the compost reaction is in steady state, the kitchen waste compost process of the rotten agent of applied catalysis, the organic matter degradation degree is than organic matter degradation degree height in the blank sample in the composting production.Through 26 days compost treatment, to compare with the contrast experiment, organic matter degradation speed has improved 76% in the compost product, and the organic matter degradation degree improves about 16.3%.
By above-mentioned contrast, in simulation kitchen excess by potato, rice, Radix Dauci Sativae, leaf, meat, soybean and inoculation soil constitution, add a certain proportion of catalytic decomposing agent solution, under certain ventilation condition, keep compositing system to be in the room temp condition, simulate kitchen waste compost and handle, and carry out turning in good time in composting process.Organic content and NH in the compost product when compost product was with no catalytic decomposing agent when analysis had catalytic decomposing agent
4 +-N content by contrast, finds that the rotten agent of applied catalysis not only can improve degradation of organic matter speed and palliating degradation degree, can also improve the fertilizer efficiency of composting production simultaneously.
Claims (6)
1. the method for applied catalysis rotten agent carrying out a kitchen excess high-rate composting is characterized in that, the method for described applied catalysis rotten agent carrying out kitchen excess high-rate composting, and its concrete steps:
1) the simulation kitchen waste compost is handled
(1) in the compost reaction container of packing into by the simulation kitchen excess of potato, rice, Radix Dauci Sativae, leaf, meat, soybean and inoculation soil constitution, adds catalytic decomposing agent solution then;
(2) load onto the reaction container lid, ventilate from the reaction container bottom, speed is 0.4-0.6L/min, open the waste pipe at reaction container top and the percolate delivery pipe of bottom simultaneously, compost is under room temp and the aerobic environment, and prevent the accumulation of percolate, the former state sample is got in compost reaction beginning;
(3) after compost began, every other day sample thief once carried out turning simultaneously, and the time of each sample thief is identical, and the compost reaction continues 26 days;
2) compost sample is measured
(1) mensuration of organic matter in the compost sample
The stability of compost sample is represented with the organic matter degradation degree, adopts the amount of the organic matter in the calcination method working sample.Utilize following formula to represent the degradation of organic matter degree:
P-degradation of organic matter degree
X
The former state sampleThe organic content of sample when-compost reacts initial
X
Compost sampleThe organic content of sample in the-compost reaction process
(2) NH in the compost sample
4 +The mensuration of-N
NH in the compost sample
4 +The content of-N adopts distillation method to measure.
2. according to the method for the described applied catalysis of claim 1 rotten agent carrying out kitchen excess high-rate composting, it is characterized in that the carbon-nitrogen ratio C in the excess of described simulation kitchen: N=17: 1 (mass ratio).
3. according to the method for the described applied catalysis of claim 1 rotten agent carrying out kitchen excess high-rate composting, it is characterized in that add catalytic decomposing agent solution in the excess of kitchen, the mass ratio of the addition of catalytic decomposing agent and kitchen excess is 1: 60～80.
4. according to the method for the described applied catalysis of claim 1 rotten agent carrying out kitchen excess high-rate composting, it is characterized in that described catalytic decomposing agent: water solvent=5: 28 (mass ratio), wherein catalytic decomposing agent is the catalytic decomposing agent of Wendeng City Soil Fertilizer Working Station's exploitation.
5. according to the method for the described applied catalysis of claim 1 rotten agent carrying out kitchen excess high-rate composting, it is characterized in that, describedly make compost be in room temp to be to control the pneumatics pump operation automatically, to carry out ventilation and regulate by top temperature control meter, bottom temperature control meter.
6. the device of an applied catalysis rotten agent carrying out kitchen excess high-rate composting, it is characterized in that, the device of described applied catalysis rotten agent carrying out kitchen excess high-rate composting, its composition is that composting material (2) is housed in reaction container (1), top temperature control meter (3), bottom temperature control meter (4) inserts composting material (2) central authorities, the bottom of reaction container (1) is provided with air-spreading disk (14), percolate delivery line (5) is installed in the bucket of reaction container (1) at the end, and waste gas duct (13) is drawn the back from reaction bung (12) and inserted ammonia collecting trap (8) by a valve, the conduit that passes suitable for reading of ammonia collecting trap (8) inserts in the collection trap of band oxygen monitoring device (7); Condenser (6) is enclosed within and inserts on oxygen monitoring device (7) the conduit periphery; Air flowmeter (9) is connected on the fresh air ingress pipe (11) of bottom of reaction container (1); Pneumatics pump (10) is connected on air flowmeter (9) back.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2007100986542A CN101033154A (en) | 2007-04-24 | 2007-04-24 | Method and device for fast composting kitchen residual by catalytic decomposing agent |
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| CNA2007100986542A CN101033154A (en) | 2007-04-24 | 2007-04-24 | Method and device for fast composting kitchen residual by catalytic decomposing agent |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102153389A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-08-17 | 浙江大学 | Simulator for aerobic high-temperature composting of solid waste |
| CN102249746A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-11-23 | 华北电力大学 | Device and method for two-stage kitchen residue aerobic composting |
| CN102432348A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-05-02 | 华北电力大学 | Kitchen residue aerobic composting device and multiparameter control method |
| CN101337842B (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2012-07-04 | 华北电力大学 | Method for promoting microbial activity in kitchen waste compost by sodium acetate |
| CN107200613A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-09-26 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of vertical distribution device in aerobic compost storehouse and its cloth gas method |
| CN108117414A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-06-05 | 深圳市安思科电子科技有限公司 | A kind of high energy-saving organic fertilizer production equipment of production efficiency |
-
2007
- 2007-04-24 CN CNA2007100986542A patent/CN101033154A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101337842B (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2012-07-04 | 华北电力大学 | Method for promoting microbial activity in kitchen waste compost by sodium acetate |
| CN102153389A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-08-17 | 浙江大学 | Simulator for aerobic high-temperature composting of solid waste |
| CN102153389B (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2013-04-10 | 浙江大学 | Simulator for aerobic high-temperature composting of solid waste |
| CN102249746A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-11-23 | 华北电力大学 | Device and method for two-stage kitchen residue aerobic composting |
| CN102249746B (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2013-10-23 | 华北电力大学 | Device and method for two-stage kitchen residue aerobic composting |
| CN102432348A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-05-02 | 华北电力大学 | Kitchen residue aerobic composting device and multiparameter control method |
| CN102432348B (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2014-10-08 | 华北电力大学 | Kitchen residue aerobic composting device and multiparameter control method |
| CN107200613A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-09-26 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of vertical distribution device in aerobic compost storehouse and its cloth gas method |
| CN108117414A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-06-05 | 深圳市安思科电子科技有限公司 | A kind of high energy-saving organic fertilizer production equipment of production efficiency |
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