CN101014800A

CN101014800A - Cellular tanks for storage of fluid at low temperatures

Info

Publication number: CN101014800A
Application number: CNA2005800285113A
Authority: CN
Inventors: K·巴肯; P·G·伯冈
Original assignee: Det Norske Veritas AS
Current assignee: Det Norske Veritas AS
Priority date: 2004-06-25
Filing date: 2005-06-27
Publication date: 2007-08-08
Also published as: NO20042702D0; RU2007102217A; BRPI0512497A; WO2006001711A3; RU2379577C2; CA2570766A1; WO2006001711A2; EP1766285A2; AU2005257678A1; BRPI0512497C1; KR20070042536A; SG153864A1; JP2008503703A

Abstract

The invention regards a tank for storing of fluid at very low temperature, as LNG, which tank comprises external plates, forming roof, side walls and floor, and an internal cell structure with fluid communication between all the cells in the cell structure at floor level of the tank. At least a part of the external plate comprises a layered structure and where the internal cell structure is formed as self equilibrating support and or anchoring for the external plates. The invention also regards a cell structure for use in a tank for storing fluid.

Description

The cellular jar of storage cryogen

The present invention relates to a kind of storing fluid especially jar, the method that is used in the sandwich structure of jar and makes jar of the fluid under the low temperature of being used for.

All exist in all spectra of LNG Liquefied natural gas (LNG) value chain to low temperature and near under the barometric pressure storage LNG needs:

A) fixing and floating type offshore production facility (liquefaction facility)

B) land production and storage facility

C) shipping waterborne

D) fixing and marine import terminal of floating type and possible gasification facility again

E) land import terminal and gasification facility again

Offshore production facility and import terminal are represented the emerging field of LNG chain and are being investigated some projects and notion at present.For floating type production facility and import terminal, jar will experience fill factor in various degree, and this has problems to some can system.Because the structure motion of wave induced, the dynamic motion of wave and fluid will form partially filled jar inside, thereby forms high dynamic pressure on jar structure.This important effect of agitating that is called can produce structure problem to the existing jar notion of major part.

For offshore production facility, the shape of jar is important, because jar is usually located at the inside of structure, and processing equipment is positioned on jar deck of top.Because it has provided the optimum utilization of jar available volume, the prismatic jar is preferred.For the offshore production facility important manufacturing and the installation that are on the other hand jar.Can reduce total build-up time with the prefabricated tanks that single-piece or many forms are transported to construction site and therefore reduced cost.Before installing, can also carry out the seepage test to whole prefabricated tanks.The construction of membrane tank systems is complicated and need carry out in the construction site of the inside configuration of completion, so just makes the construction time be generally 12 months or longer.

For shipping waterborne, two kinds of main can system are occupied an leading position on market: by the Moss spherical tank system and the membrane tank systems of GTT (French Gaz Transportet Technigaz) company exploitation.Self-supporting SPB jar by IHI (ishikawajima-harima heavy industries co., ltd., Japan) exploitation is another possible system.At present the overall dimensions of the LNG ship of paying 138000 to 145000m ³Scope in, but now the ship of the market demand is to 250000m 200000 ³Scope in.The size of these ships can propose design challenge to existing can system.The long construction time is a subject matter for existing can system.Common 145000m ³Construction time of LNG ship approximately take 20 months or longer, wherein the construction of can system and test are main bottlenecks.The marine loading and unloading of plan of agitating the needs of pressure design jar in conjunction with the partially filled and associated dynamic of giving chapter and verse have been introduced the new challenge to can system.

Use aluminium during 1969 to 1972, to form at first as the Moss spherical tank notion of cryogenic material.This design is the independent tank with partial secondary barrier.Insulation is the foamed plastics commonly used that is applied to the tank skin outer surface.For ship and Offshore Units, the spherical tank notion has the limited bulk of relatively low utilization ratio and it and does not have the possibility that forms smooth deck on the facility at sea.

The formation of membrane tank systems started from 1962 and was further developed by Technigaz company.At present, this system is made up of isolation layer, invar or three layers of secondary barrier and the last secondary isolation layer of thin stainless steel or invar main screen barrier, pearlite filling plywood box or foamed plastics.Stainless steel membrane is undulatory thermal shrinkage and thermal expansion with the processing film, and invar steel membrane is without any need for ripple.Just build, this system is quite complicated, and has many professional components and a large amount of welding.The welding of film and ripple has produced variation and STRESS VARIATION that stress is concentrated owing to agitating, and the while is because the relevant possibility of tired generation crack produces the potential excessive risk of leaking.It is restriction to these jars that the liquid that is produced by the wave induced motion of partially filled jar container agitates; Generally allow in the not filling between 10% to 80% under the oceangoing voyage condition.Agitate generally and especially produce very high dynamic pressure at interior tank skin on corner area, this may cause the film and the damage of insulating below.Another worry is that the maintenance of secondary barrier is impossible.

SPB jar by the IHI exploitation is the independent prismatic jar that has with the partial secondary barrier of traditional quadrature stiffening plate and the design of frame system form.This system is formed by plate and by the strengthening system that reinforcer, framework, girder, longeron and the plug the same with the ship structure of traditional design are formed.For the reason of these structural elements, just think that no longer agitating is a problem.Because a large amount of details and stress raisers may think that fatigue is the problem of this can system.Outer surface and jar that insulation is attached to jar are bearing on the wooden unit mounting system.

Mobil Oil Corporation (Mobil Oil Corporation) has developed being used for by land of describing or based on the boxlike polygonal jar of storage LNG on the structure on ground in patent application PCT/US99/22431.This jar is made up of the rigid frame of the truss support of inside, has the lid that is used to hold the storage of liquids in the jar on framework.It is in abutting connection with connecting so that support the dynamic load that caused by agitating of storage of liquids that the inner framework based on truss allows jar inside, and dynamic load is shortly to stimulate generation by what seismic activity caused.This jar prefabricate and assembling at the scene.Jar structure has the many details of consideration fatigue period and stress of needing and concentrates.

For land import terminal and gasification facility again, market is occupied by the cylindricality jar that is configured to single volume, total volume or dual-volume storage jar.Jar and outer container in single capacity jar comprises.Make by cryogenic material (normally 9% nickel steel), and generally be to have flat cylindrical wall for interior jar.Prestressed concrete and aluminium also are used for interior jar.Outer container normally remains on the function of appropriate location with insulating material but does not provide the carbon steel of effective protection to make under the situation of jar fault in taking place by only having.

The LNG storage tank major part of whole world construction recently is designed to two or total volume jar.In these designs, the total amount of jar in outer jar is designed to hold under the situation of interior jar of fault.For the total volume jar, outer jar or wall are configured to usually apart from interior jar 1 to 2 meter prestressed concrete wall, and insulating material is set in the interval.Land LNG jar cost height, the construction time of building with conventional method are about 1 year and must build on the position that requires basic local loop Infrastructure.

Summary of the invention

Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of have hexahedron or prismatic shape and complete scalable new and effective, self-supporting cryogenic tank; Promptly in principle, this jar can expand to virtually any size or size in mainly based on the repetitive structure principle.Another purpose is that this jar notion can stand a large amount of pressures cycle and temperature variation at its life period.

Another object of the present invention is the jar that realization has high volumetric efficiency; That is to say that tank volume can be full of the surrounding space that generally is divided into hexahedron, rectangle or prismatic volume (for example, the branch block space of goods preserving chamber in board, the volume space on raft, continental rise factory, or the like) as far as possible.

Supplementary features and purpose provide problem is agitated in solution as the internal flow of the jar of onboard ships or flotation device can system.

A further object of the present invention provides can a part or whole part prefabricated and can transport and be positioned at the heat insulation self-supporting jar in final position and place.

A further object of the present invention provides to be improved fatigue behaviour, projected life and is having the cryogenic tank that strengthens operational capacity aspect the maintenance easily.

A further object of the present invention be develop economically with technical and present can system quite to carry out the can system of similar use.

A further object of the present invention provide can be position prefabricated and transportation and be placed on the jar of another position (for example onboard ships, floating type terminal or land place) or the self-contained system of cellular structure.

For its operation purpose, this jar can be equipped for widely and comprise filling and outflow system, monitoring system etc.

These targets are realized by the present invention who limits as following claims.

The present invention relates to be used for prismatic or the hexahedron jar or the volume system of storing fluid under ultralow temperature.Outer jar comprises that sidewall, bottom and top, at least some of these elements comprise purpose that plays structural element and the plate structure that seal is provided for jar.In one embodiment, this plate structure also provides desired jar heat insulation or part is heat insulation.Plate structure (plate) comprises the hierarchy that comprises interlayer at least.In this application, interlayer is construed as by core and mutually combines or connect and transmit the two-layer at least of load between layer.The specific embodiments that comprises the two-layer this interlayer that has core therebetween is that its ectomesoderm can be formed with a plurality of perforation recesses, and this recess is further covered by membrane material.

Outer plate structure in the wall is by self balancing, usually thin inside cellular structural walls system grappling, and this inside cellular structural walls system anchors to outer wall on the static state and dynamic load that they expose effectively.

In a preferred embodiment, the plate structure of layering comprises sandwich structure, and this sandwich structure comprises at least two metals that have core material therebetween or the surficial sheets with other material of like attribute.The direction roughly continuous material or the structure of the lattice parallel with sheet material can be made of, be formed to the core of interlayer difform net between two sheet materials.This internal structure can also be honeycomb or other similar structure between sheet material.Primary component is the core of interlayer, transmits load between two sheet materials in interlayer.Can the outside of this sandwich structure and or inside superinsulation is provided.Sandwich structure with two plates and core structure also provides the advantage that the possibility of gas surveillance device is set between two sheet materials of interlayer.

Jar can have different prismatic forms; But typical geometrical shape is hexahedron or " box type " shape.Exterior side wall or side plate and bottom are subjected to static state or dynamic fluid pressures and are designed to bear these loads.Tinsel in the sandwich structure or plate provide the necessary flexural strength relevant with core, and core can be mainly to play purpose structure or the material that transmits shearing force.The core of interlayer can provide the part insulation of jar, and for example, this can be because the very low material of conductivity of at least a portion of formation core material or structure causes.The enough intensity and the hardness of outside plate can also be provided by extra reinforcement.

Outer wall vertically intersection line place and the effective grappling of inner cell structure walls and must be basically with plate active load transfer to these supporters.Similarly, the bottom can comprise hierarchy, is preferably sandwich structure, and this sandwich structure is subjected to the influence of hydrodynamic pressure and self gravitation.The bottom is basically with the support device of these load transfer to appropriate location, for example at the lattice point place of inner cell structure wall system.These support devices that provide the relatively hot relevant with pedestal to move will hereinafter be described.Because from the pressure load that outer wall transmits, inner cell structure walls is main stressed in its oneself plane in the horizontal direction.Jar is being positioned under the land situation, inner cell structure walls can be the extremely thin plate that limits size according to " complete stressed design " principle.Extremely thin plate is difficult to loading and unloading, will explain the method for improving this wall hereinafter.Under jar is positioned at situation on the mobile foundation, also must consider to design inner cell structure walls from the dynamic load of storing fluid.

Under the situation that interlayer is built, the core material in the outside plate part of jar plays the dual functions of the heat insulation and structural rigidity of part; It must have enough big intensity and thickness to reach these purposes.In one embodiment, most of heat insulation can being undertaken by the core of sandwich structure.

At core is that various types of materials can be applied to core among the embodiment of form of continuous material layer, as long as they have suitable attribute aspect hardness, intensity, pyroconductivity and thermal expansion (contraction) coefficient.Usually, material mixes and can granularly become to be grouped into bigger by being immersed in fine grained composition in the parent material.The fine grained composition can be dissimilar husky or various inorganic or organic materials.Bigger granular composition generally provides the porous particle of the low weight of intensity and insulation.These aggregates can be expanded glass, and it can be the clay of calcining and expansion, and perhaps it can be other geological materials or organic material, for example plastics.Some examples of commercial bulk material are Perlite, Liaver, Liapor and Leca etc.One of lightweight aggregate is alternative to be before bonding air or bubble to be incorporated in the parent material.Tackiness agent or parent material can be one or several typical adhesive materials, and for example cement slurry, silica, polymer or any other play the material of good action at current environment.It is interior so that reach particular community that special chemical composition can also be added to slurry, for example the suitable speed of the viscosity of Xi Wanging, contraction reduction or volume control, sclerosis, fatigue behaviour or the like.Metal, inorganic or organic fiber also can be added in the mixture to reach higher intensity, especially aspect tension force.

The structure that described mandrel layers can also be formed by the net between two sheet layers provides, and is formed on difform lattice between the sheet material, and vertical cardinal principle of these lattices is parallel with plate.Can have configuration bit is to intersect substantially with sheet material, becomes other angles beyond 90 degree with sheet material or forms more net as honeycomb structure.

According to preferred embodiment, the method for the sandwich structure in some outside plates of producing jar is arranged.The core material of continuous material form can directly be positioned between the sheet material that is spliced into the template that is used to cast this core with fluid form.Perhaps, core material can part be made as plate or piece in advance, these plates or piece and sheet material and grouting or applying each other.Core can be made up of the different layers of the jointing plate material that passes thickness.The part of all right slave plate of material changes to another part.

In the another kind of form of sandwich structure, it can be extruded is two sheet materials and core all-in-one-piece overall structure, or core element can be extruded and be welded on the sheet material of sandwich structure.Core element can also be formed by the several independent components that weld together to form this core element.In the another kind of form of the present invention, core material and size at first realize the purpose of necessary structural strength, and additional necessary heat insulationly provided by the main unstructuredness isolation layer in the outside of " interlayer " structure division.In this case, higher relatively material (for example good quality concrete) or the structure of the core usable intensity of interlayer made.In the example of continuous core, for example, core material can be " high strength " concrete with weight of the compressive strength of 80MPa and 2400 kilograms every cubic metre.Therefore, superinsulation externally is not subjected to the influence of significant role power, and can be image-stone cotton or the such inexpensive insulation of glass wool.In this case, the sandwich portion of external shield will be in temperature with internal flow consistent approach even temperature.Therefore, the sandwich portion of this wall will be with quite uniform mode contraction or expansion.Isolation layer externally will occupy the major component of temperature gradient, but be can not have problems at the thermal deformation that adapts to outside interlayer, because it is loose, unstructuredness material.

The inwall of the hierarchy of the outside plate interlayer of this jar is usually with having sufficient intensity and the metal that the heat that is stored in fluid in the jar and chemical environment have resistance being made.It can also be formed by the nonmetallic material with like attribute.Under the situation of the jar that is used to hold LNG, material can be 9% nickel steel or resemble 304,304L, 316,316L, 321 or 347 such Ovshinsky stainless steels.Also can use metal, aluminum alloy or invar or the composite material of other types.Crust is subjected to the influence of identical harsh thermal and chemical environment usually unlike endothelium, and it can be made by the carbon structural steel of for example simple types.For endothelium and crust, material must be suitable for engaging, for example welding and have enough good bonding attribute to core (it is a kind of structure or core material) or to the tackiness agent of core block.

Under the situation of but the relatively poor core material that insulate higher at working strength, the crust of interlayer also will be subjected to the influence with endothelium hot situation much at one.In this case, crust must be the alloy of the intensity that can keep enough under the true temperature situation.

Sandwich structure in the plate can comprise reinforcement, to improve the combination between the element in the interlayer and to improve the structural strength of interlayer.In one embodiment, core material itself can provide a little structural strength to sandwich structure, and this can realize by reinforcement.Reinforcement can be multi-form, but they preferably width extend to another surficial sheets and length from a surficial sheets and extend the fuel plate member of (preferred a tunnel extends) to the direction at top in bottom from for example jar structure, perhaps may be as trellis work.Continuous material can be arranged between trellis work or can be empty, and trellis work forms the core structure in the interlayer.Special situation is, makes outer wall with stiffening plate structure or box structure rather than with the sandwich plate form.In this case, do not need the insulation on the inside or the outside, to have structure attribute.

The primary component of jar is an outside plate, and outside plate is included as sidewall, bottom and the top of insulation layered board and is to be used for the self balancing support of outside plate or a component form inwall of grappling wall basically.

The inside grappling cell wall that is combined into inner cellular structure must satisfy and the previously described interior identical requirement of sheet material, and promptly they are made by identical materials usually.Inner grappling cell wall can form by some kinds of modes, and they can be the plane sheets of formation lattice intersected with each other, and this cell structure can also form with corrugated sheet.

Another preferred embodiment is to use a plurality of beam elements formation cell structure that are stretched over opposing sidewalls from a sidewall.By a beam being configured to laterally build this cell structure with the next beam of following this first beam location, wherein the 3rd beam is similar to first beam and second beam located lateral, and the 4th beam and the 3rd the horizontal located lateral of beam, and form trellis work thus, this trellis work comprises the opening between the beam above being positioned at each other, i.e. the first, the 3rd, the 5th beam and the second, the 4th and the 6th beam etc.Another kind of interpretive mode is to say that beam has formed a kind of " log cabin " structure, wherein has the gap between the different round logs in this structure.Beam preferably also extends to relative outer wall from an outer wall of jar.

In the present embodiment, this cell structure form make with the horizontal plane A of sidewall in, all beam A are configured to make longitudinal direction to be among the A of plane, and substantially parallel to each other.The beam that directly is configured in these first beams A top all is configured in the second plane B, and its central sill has the parallel substantially longitudinal axis.These planes A and B repeat with the ABABABAB pattern, up to reaching the necessary height of cell structure.Other patterns also are possible, for example have tri-layer beams.

Angle between first and second beams can be preferably approximately for forming 90 degree of rectangle or square cells, and the configuration that intersects to form 60/120 degree angle or other structures that still has its central sill also is possible.

The point of contact preferred disposition that beam in one deck and the beam in another layer intersect is formed for from the top of for example jar to the position of substructure transmission load in straight line.

The cross section that is used for the beam of this beam configuration can have several forms, for example T shape, I shape or only be rectangle or tubular.The flange of T shape or I ellbeam provides additional effect to avoid agitating damage by the motion turbulization in fluid stream because of jar.Beam flange is also by providing bigger area of contact and the contact position between the different layers beam to provide rigidity to support this cell structure between each layer beam and the hierarchy.These forms of being mentioned are canonical forms of beam, are realizing the identical of grappling sidewall, minimize agitate effect and between the different lattices of structure, form simultaneously be communicated with in, other structures in the cross section of beam also are possible.

For intensity and for the reason that is easy to make, the junction of inner cell wall can comprise the separate member that the wall segment is attached to it.This situation can be used for dull and stereotyped cell wall and the beam structure wall described in the top chapters and sections.For example, this member can be the vertical beam of tubulose or square sectional.Because inner cell wall itself meeting extremely thin (having only several millimeters) particularly under the situation of the cell wall that plate forms, under the situation of the application that dynamic motion occurs, must provide additional lateral intensity.This can be by adhering to the one-sided or horizontal reinforcement in both sides or providing lateral strength to carry out by the horizontal ripple by thin interior wall plate with suitable distance.What also note is that the tubular member at the place, junction between interior segments that is mentioned must carry the weight of cell wall basically, makes them almost not have vertical bearing capacity owing to being inclined to these walls because of the bending that is produced by high slenderness.Identical tubular member also must carry jar weight of top structure own.

Agitate the size that phenomenon depends on the free area of fluid volume to a great extent, in the present invention, this free area is segmented into than small size by the mode of cellular internal wall system.For example, by using 5 to 10 square metres interior partitive case, the problem of agitating will in most of the cases effectively be eliminated.In this case, inner cell wall is subjected to the influence of appropriate hydrodynamic active force, and should design according to these purposes, for example, by formation the ripple of required bending or shearing force ability is provided, by on beam, forming flange.Similarly, comprise that preferably the outside plate of the layered board of sandwich structure is designed for fluid pressure loads, what it can also comprise appropriateness easily dynamically agitates load elements.Special characteristic of the present invention is to agitate problem to be relatively independent of degree of filling in the jar, in fact, utilizes lower degree of filling can reduce total hydrodynamic pressure.

Even internal volume is divided into independent lattice, under the situation of plate cell wall, also have opening in the bottom of cell wall, the fluid level in these opening balance lattices also allows people to enter all lattices easily to check and repair.For the beam structure cell wall, provide in formation between the beam of wall of connection to have opening.If be necessary, also perforate can arranged near the bottom, so that the entering of people.Key factor is to provide connection between all lattices of cell structure.These openings are located by the bottom, bottom, and can have the stiffener that is associated with edge of opening.

Can utilize the cellular grid of inner cell wall with force way fully and equably, and generally can extremely thin (several millimeters) for the plate lattice and the beam structure wall can not weighed.This point is very important, because inner panel must be made with the alloy of the high-grade costliness of the low temperature that can keep internal flow and chemical environment usually.Having extremely thin plate in cell structure walls can have problems when this cell structure walls of loading and unloading as the front is mentioned.Thereby in one embodiment of the invention, cell structure walls is provided with cooperative end part elements in two opposite flanks of cell wall, and junction and another cell wall in cell structure are intersected in these sides.These end members together form stiffener, have so just strengthened cell wall and so and cell structure of reinforcement jar.For the beam cell wall structure, preferred beam can form to have and be used to strengthen beam flange.

The reasonable production and the assembling of cell structure so just are provided.Being used for simultaneously that interlayer as the layering at outside plate, sidewall, bottom and the top of structure and SI semi-insulation element is built in is very effective economically.In addition, Guan inside and outside are also can repeating of complete groupware type.This just means that jar itself depends on very high automaticity during manufacture.This is of value to the raising of economic performance conversely.

In a kind of form of the present invention, the corner of outer wall can be round.A reason introducing circular corner is to obtain lower concentrating structure moment in this case.Another reason is the thermal stress that can reduce to a certain extent between the both sides of outer wall.

For actual cause and macroeconomy, the manufacture method of this jar all is important.With combiner or whole produce in advance mean can reduce the construction time and jar production can shipmate remaining part, the jar platform of location or parallel the carrying out of construction in place the most at last.The cellular can system itself is suitable for making in advance the automatic production very high with degree.All inside cell wall fragments equate basically and can produce in batches with " pipeline mode ".Can also they be attached to repetition and automatic mode and engage on the reinforcer.Can consider efficient welding technique in some cases, for example friction stir weld, laser or plasma welding.Also can produce outside plate with segmented mode also joins to betwixt together and engages with inner cell wall.

Just as described, jar according to the present invention will can be used in the different types of fluid of storage and good performance will be provided in+200 ℃ to-200 ℃ temperature range, and be specially adapted to LNG.This jar can tolerate has some static pressure higher than jar internal pressure.It can be positioned on floatation unit or continental rise place.

This jar can be positioned on the supporting system, the device that this supporting system has an anchor point and prevents this jar rotation.As alternative, this jar can also be positioned at the sand pedestal or have on other pedestals of like attribute.

Description of drawings

Utilize preferred embodiment that the present invention is made an explanation referring now to accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 shows a total embodiment's the jar according to the present invention of removing a top and a sidewall;

Fig. 2 shows the jar according to of the present invention second total embodiment;

Fig. 3 shows the jar according to the of the present invention the 3rd total embodiment;

Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B show the details in the corner of the jar among Fig. 1, and wherein Fig. 4 A is first embodiment of inner cell structure, and Fig. 4 B is second embodiment of inner cell structure;

Fig. 5 A show the inside cell wall structure that is attached on the outside plate the 3rd embodiment the jar details;

Fig. 5 B to Fig. 5 E shows the example of second embodiment of inner cell wall structure to the details of the connection of outside plate;

Fig. 6 A shows the cross section of an embodiment of cell wall among first embodiment of cell structure;

Fig. 6 B shows the cross section according to the junction of four cell wall of the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 A;

Fig. 7 A shows another embodiment's of the cell wall among first embodiment of cell structure cross section;

Fig. 7 B shows the cross section according to the junction of four cell wall of the embodiment shown in Fig. 7 A;

Fig. 8 A to Fig. 8 D shows the different cross section according to the different embodiments of the outside plate of jar of the present invention;

Fig. 9 A to Fig. 9 B illustrates the different front views according to the alternative corner solution of the outer wall of jar of the present invention;

Figure 10 A to Figure 10 B show the crust of removing interlayer according to of the present invention jar of two perspective views;

Figure 11 show remove a top and a sidewall have the external reinforcing thing according to of the present invention jar;

Figure 12 shows the details of the part of jar shown in Figure 8.

According to according to the present invention jar 1 sidewall, top and bottom and the inner cell wall structure that comprises the outside plate form, figure 1 illustrates inner space with jar 1 and be divided into three side plates 2, bottom 4 and inner cell wall structure 5 than junior unit.Some different structures that design forms wall, top, bottom and join domain thereof are possible.These can be similar or different structures.Inner cell wall structure can also be contemplated that in some kinds of modes builds.The different embodiments of these elements will be described below.

The level of inside cell wall 20 in the bottom 4 of the side bar with possibility that forms inner cell wall structure 5 with the form of plate with smooth surface has access portal 6, to provide internal communication between all different lattices.This also provides the inlet that is used for inspection and maintenance between lattice under big jar situation.This jar also is included in not shown emptying and fill system and other detections and monitoring system and support device.

Fig. 2 shows the different embodiments of the jar 1 of the cell structure 5 that has sidewall 2 and be made up of cell wall 20, wherein is shown in Fig. 1 that each end has the only part circular of straight part with them and compares, and lattice outside, four corners is a wholecircle shape.Fig. 3 shows the alternative tank 1 of the cell structure 5 with sidewall 2 and inner cell wall 20, and wherein the angle of sidewall is the right angle.

Fig. 4 A is the enlarged detail view that is shown in the jar among Fig. 1, and outside plate shown in the figure 2 forms the embodiment of sandwich structure, and this sandwich structure has exocuticle 8 and endepidermis 9, and between exocuticle 8 and the endepidermis 9 core material 10 is arranged.Sandwich structure also comprises reinforcement 11.These reinforcements can have some forms, but preferred they be stretched over another epidermis from an epidermis of sandwich structure.In a preferred embodiment, reinforcement equals the fuel plate of distance between the epidermis of sandwich structure substantially for its width, and the length of fuel plate extends on the vertical direction of sidewall, and preferably extends the whole height of sidewall.In this accompanying drawing, it is the same with first embodiment of cell wall structure that cell wall structure is depicted as, and wherein cell wall is formed by veneer wall 20, and these veneer walls 20 are 21 joints in the junction.These interior wall plates 20 preferably anchor to sidewall by for example be welded on the point that sandwich structure has a fuel plate reinforcement 11 between the inside of wallboard 20 and sandwich structure epidermis 9.Help the load transfer between outer wall and the inner cell structure like this.Wooden partition 20 also is formed with through hole pattern (all not shown in any accompanying drawing).

Fig. 4 B shows second embodiment of inner cell wall structure.In this embodiment, cell wall 20 is formed by a plurality of beam elements 28, and these beam elements 28 are configured in top formation cell wall 20 each other.Beam 28 disposes one group of beam 28A in first layer, and second group of beam 28B of this first layer top is configured to the interior beam 28A of its longitudinal axis and first layer and intersects.In the 3rd layer, beam 28A general arrangements be with first layer in the Liangping row.Formed the trellis work that has several layers and in different layers, have the beam of the different longitudinal axis like this.The cell wall that has the space between each the beam element in cell wall that is formed by the beam element is provided like this.Necessary connection is provided between lattice like this and meanwhile provides the necessity agitated that is positioned in the jar on the mobile ship has been prevented.At 21 places, junction of cell wall 20,

beam element

28A and 28B are configured to the top that a beam element abuts against another beam element, and form the support of each

layer beam element

28A and 28B and form the transmission point of final load from the top to the bottom.

Beam element

28A and 28B can be dull and stereotyped or have I, T or H tee section.By formation have resemble I, T or H shape or even tubular rectangular or rectangle in the cross section of end flange, can also realize the structure that inner cell wall structure is more stable, because the beam in one deck can be with its end flange in abutting connection with being placed on down on the beam flange of one deck.Beam can also be welded to one another or mechanical fixation is constructed to form more stable inside cell wall structure.Beam element of cell wall structure can reach relative outer wall from an outer wall, and promptly the beam element forms the part of some cell wall.

Cell wall 20 can be the smooth plate element shown in the embodiment of image pattern 4A, have by a plurality of beam elements or even have stiffening device (all not shown in an any accompanying drawing) fuel plate that the plate 20 of the ripple 23 shown in Fig. 5 A forms.These plates 20 have the ripple 23 that extends on the cardinal principle substantially horizontal.This inside cell structure is included in the cell wall 23 that intersect junction 21.In a preferred embodiment, these junctions 21 can comprise at least one reinforcer 24.Shown in Fig. 5 A, this reinforcer can all or part ofly be tubulose (circular, square) or comprise the primary component of locating each other in the right angle, and the surface side of two adjacent cell wall of adjacency.Can be only in a corner of the junction of wallboard 20, exist reinforcer or can be in a plurality of corners or all corners have reinforcement.

According to the present invention, inner cell structure anchors to the outer wall of this jar, and this can be undertaken by some kinds of modes.A kind of shown in Fig. 4 A, wherein cell wall 20 engages with the endepidermis of sandwich structure in the reinforcement position.Provide the via interlayer structure like this and out to the load transfer of the crust of sandwich structure.Another kind of possibility has been shown in Fig. 5 A, and wherein fastener 14 is configured in the sandwich structure, and this situation also provides the load transfer of the sandwich structure outside of outer wall.Another kind may be the endothelium that only cell wall 20 is welded to the sandwich structure (not shown).

Show other embodiments of the cell wall structure that is specially adapted to comprise the beam element at Fig. 5 B to Fig. 5 E, these schemes also can be used for connecting the cell wall structure that is formed by smooth plate or corrugated sheet.

Fig. 5 B shows beam element 28A and is attached to flange 40 ', flange 40 ' be attached to outer wall 2 and with the horizontal direction of outer wall in the space charged into jar.The shape of flange 40 ' is defined as being connected to the big projection of beam element 8A and the less projection between the beam element 28A.

Fig. 5 C to Fig. 5 F shows the cell wall that is formed by some beam element 28A, and these beam elements 28A is attached to outer wall 2, and outer wall 2 comprises two

element

2A and 2B, and

element

2A and 2B are engaged by connecting element 40.Form at the groove of the connecting element 40 shown in Fig. 5 C to Fig. 5 E by U-shaped in general, the groove of U-shaped in general is used to insert the element of outer wall 2.

Further the connecting element 40 that forms has flange 45, flange 45 with the horizontal direction of external cell wall 2 on the space that extends into jar.Inner cell wall structure is attached to this flange 45 by beam element 28A in some kinds of modes.An embodiment has been shown among Fig. 5 C, and its central sill element 28A is welded to flange 45.Another embodiment has been shown in Fig. 5 D, the workpiece 41 that is connected of two U-shaped grooves of the part of its central sill element 28A by having the part that is used for positioning beam element 28A and flange 45 is attached to flange 45, and is connected to these elements by the through bolt that passes screw 42.In Fig. 5 E, the beam element of formation has the U-shaped groove that is used to insert flange 45, and this flange 45 forms the 3rd embodiments and by for example being welded to connect.

Fig. 6 A to Fig. 6 B and Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 B show the different embodiments of the cell wall with end member 25 20 of formation, and end member 25 cooperates with other end members 25 with the formation of the junction in cell structure reinforcer 24.

In Fig. 6 A, show the cross section of cell wall 20.Be attached with vertically and have the end member 25 in L shaped cross section at the two ends of cell wall.

End member 25 a bit is attached to cell wall 20 and lower part 27 towards away from cell wall on the convex portion 26 of L-shape.As seeing from Fig. 6 a, two end members 25 and 25 ' lower part 27 and 27 ' preferred orientation are on the opposite flank of cell wall 20.

Fig. 6 B shows the cross section of the junction of four cell wall 20, has the described embodiment at Fig. 6 a.The end member 25 of all four cell wall interacts in the junction and together forms reinforcer 24, and these end members 25 have L-shape form, and L-shape form has convex portion 26 and lower part 27.Lower part 27 and all four cell wall that the convex portion 26 of an end member 25 is connected to another end member 25 form rectangular element together.This L shaped element can connect by welding, screw, bolt, Pop rivet or equivalent.

Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 B shows another embodiment, wherein in Fig. 7 A, shows the cell wall 20 ' of the V-arrangement end member 25 ' with the cell wall of being attached to 20 ' two ends.

In Fig. 7 B, show the cross section that similarly forms four cell wall of junction with four cell wall shown in Fig. 7 A, wherein four end members 25 ' form reinforcer 24 '.

According to the present invention, the outside plate (top, sidewall and bottom) of jar 1 preferably includes sandwich structure, and this sandwich structure comprises exocuticle 8 and the endepidermis 9 that has core therebetween, and core is continuous material or the structure shown in Fig. 8 B to Fig. 8 C shown in Fig. 8 A.Core to small part provides the intensity of wall and the insulation of jar.Sandwich structure comprises structure or reinforcement 11 respectively between exocuticle and endepidermis 8,9.They can have multi-form shown in Fig. 8 A to Fig. 8 C, wherein in Fig. 8 A, they are straight horizontal reinforcements, in Fig. 8 B, are configured to become with epidermis the straight reinforcement of the angle beyond 90 degree or

surficial sheets

8 and 9 and the solution extruded with single-piece of reinforcement wherein.Certainly, can also between the reinforcement structure shown in Fig. 8 A, there be continuous material.

In another embodiment shown in Fig. 8 D, except the external reinforcing thing 12 outstanding from side plate, top or bottom, sandwich structure can also comprise external insulation layer 13.As shown in the figure, external reinforcing thing 12 is outstanding for partly passing external insulation layer 13, perhaps passes completely through external insulation layer.Shown in Fig. 8 D, between the wooden partition 20 of inner cell structure, can there be connection, the reinforcement 11 of sandwich structure and external reinforcing thing 12, perhaps reinforcement 11 and external reinforcing thing 12 can form the extension of wooden partition 20.These reinforcements can be provided with cut part, recess or other insulating material components, to reduce the heat transfer through reinforcement.

There is shown the example of the solution in the corner that is used for engage outer walls 2 at Fig. 9 A to Fig. 9 B.In the solution shown in Fig. 9 A, there is corner element 16, formed this corner element 16 has the cardinal principle U-shaped groove that is used for the external wall segments insertion and is welded to this corner element 16.In the solution shown in Fig. 9 B, the outer sheet material of the sandwich structure of outer wall 2 joins to together by directly being welded to one another the formation acute angle.

In Figure 10 A and Figure 10 B, show the perspective view of the jar of the exocuticle of removing sandwich structure according to the present invention and core material, the figure shows endepidermis 9 and with comb mesh pattern top 3 and bottom 4 in, extend and in side plate 2 from the bottom the upwardly extending fuel plate reinforcements 11 in side of 43 extensions to the top.In all ends and the junction 11 of the reinforcement of bottom 4 also disposed support device 30.Follow-up will the explanation in more detail.

Figure 11 shows the jar of removing sidewall and top according to of the present invention, and Figure 12 shows the details of the jar among Figure 10.The sidewall 2 of the jar in the present embodiment comprises the external reinforcing thing 12 that extends with trellis work, and wherein reinforcement 12 extends on cardinal principle level and vertical direction.Can see that from these accompanying drawings the wooden partition 20 of inner cell structure 5 is connected to sidewall 2 along the position of external reinforcing thing 12, the useful structural integrity of jar is provided like this.Suppose that the reinforcement system design is to have enough intensity, this embodiment of the present invention does not require structural strength in isolation layer.

In one embodiment of the invention, outside plate can by the structural systems of other existing positioned adjacent by elasticity connect, linear or non-linear mechanical device or air pressure with or hydraulic pressure installation and be combined in one or several points or contact area along the line is connected and supports.This is all not shown at any accompanying drawing.The sidewall that specific embodiment is to use previously described support device to support jar, yet, as noted above, can visualize many other embodiments.The beam structure that forms cell wall can be formed by the closed profiles with tubulose or rectangular cross-section.

Now utilized different specific embodiment that the present invention is explained.Yet, do not breaking away under the situation of the scope of the present invention that limits as follow-up claim, these embodiments are visualized many modification and modification is possible.Cell structure can have different geometrical constructioies.This external structure can be supported by surrounding structure side direction such as for example ships.There are some isolation layers of different nature that have, and can the different plates that form jar be changed.Support device can be positioned to the lateral support jar, perhaps can be other outer lateral support, for example as the external structure of hull.

Claims

1. one kind is used for the jar of storing fluid under ultralow temperature especially, comprise and be used to fill and empty described jar device and be used to support described jar and allow described jar the thermal shrinkage and the device of expansion, described jar comprises the outside plate of at least a portion that forms top, sidewall or bottom, it is characterized in that: have inner cell structure, exist fluid to be communicated with between all lattices in described cell structure, and at least a portion of described outside plate comprises the sandwich structure of layering, and described inner cell structure is to form the self balancing tension support and or anchor to described outside plate.

2. according to claim 1 jar, it is characterized in that: described outside plate comprises sandwich structure, described sandwich structure comprises metal or has two surficial sheets of like attribute material and the core that transmits load between described sheet material that described core is included in material or the one group of muscle/net that extends between described two sheet materials.

3. according to claim 1 and 2 jar, it is characterized in that: described cell structure walls is by forming at the mutual beam element top layering and that form grid with cross-over configuration, wherein the beam in one deck has one directedly and have another orientation at the beam of another layer, therefore forms opening between the beam that forms cell wall.

4. according to claim 3 jar, it is characterized in that: the beam element that is positioned at two Different Plane adjacent one another are is oriented in two different directions, and is preferably horizontal each other.

4. according to claim 3 or 4 described jars, it is characterized in that: described beam structure forms rectangle or square cells in described cell structure.

5. according to claim 3,4 or 5 described jars, it is characterized in that: the beam in described beam structure has T or I tee section.

6. according to any one described jar in the claim 3 to 5, it is characterized in that: described beam extends to opposing sidewalls from a sidewall of described jar.

7. according to claim 1 and 2 jar, it is characterized in that: described cell structure walls is formed by plate element.

8. according to claim 7 jar, it is characterized in that: described cell structure walls partly or entirely comprise one-sided or the horizontal reinforcement in both sides.

9. according to claim 7 or 8 described jar, it is characterized in that: described cell structure walls partly or entirely comprise the ripple that extends with substantially horizontal.

10. require any one described jar according to aforesaid right, it is characterized in that: at least one junction between the wall that forms described cell structure comprises reinforcer.

11. according to claim 10 jar, it is characterized in that: described reinforcer extends and forms the weight at the top of described cell wall of carrying and described jar on the whole height of described cell structure walls.

12. according to claim 10 or 11 described jars, it is characterized in that: described junction comprises at least one being configured in abutting connection with the reinforcer of the surface side of two adjacent cell structure walls.

13. according to claim 10 or 11 described jar, it is characterized in that: described reinforcer is formed by at least some the cooperative end part elements of end that is connected in the described cell wall of intersecting in described junction.

14. according to claim 13 jar, it is characterized in that: described end member is the stave that has L shaped cross section and be connected to whole four cell wall of intersecting in described junction, and wherein said element is the end that is connected to cell wall at the convex portion of described L-shape, described L-shape than lower part away from described cell wall towards.

15. according to described jar of above-mentioned any one claim, it is characterized in that: described outside plate comprises discrete fastening piece or the connecting element that is used for the described interior cell wall of grappling.

16., it is characterized in that: at least one and at least one structural connection of outer surface sheet layer of sandwich structure of described outside plate of cell wall in described according to any one is described jar in the claim 2 to 15.

17. according to claim 16 jar, it is characterized in that: the structural connection of passing the inside cell structure walls of described outer wall comprises the device that is used to reduce the heat leak of passing described structural connection.

18. according to described jar of above-mentioned any one claim, it is characterized in that: described outside plate comprises the external insulation layer that is in described sandwich structure outside.

19. described jar according to above-mentioned any one claim, it is characterized in that: described outside plate be by the structural systems of other existing adjacent positioned by elasticity connect, linear or non-linear mechanical device or air pressure with or hydraulic pressure installation or its be combined in one or several point or contact area along the line and be connected and support.

20. according to described jar of above-mentioned any one claim, it is characterized in that: the outside plate of described sandwich structure comprises the recess of perforation.

21. according to claim 20 jar, it is characterized in that: described recess is covered by outer membrane material.

22. according to claim 20 or 21 described jars, it is characterized in that: described sandwich structure comprises interior web frame, and described recess is formed between the element that forms described web frame.

23. cell structure of in the jar of storing fluid, using, described cell structure comprises cell wall, described cell wall intersects in the junction and forms comb mesh pattern, it is characterized in that: described cell wall is passed described cell wall to the plate element of at least one opening of adjacent lattice or be disposed at top of each other and have opening different beam elements and form to form a plurality of beam elements that extend through the opening of adjacent lattice through described cell wall by having.

24. cell structure according to claim 23, it is characterized in that: be in the longitudinal axis that beam arrangements of components in one deck has almost parallel, wherein the plane of beam in the layer of following with described first layer comprises its longitudinal axis and the horizontal beam of beam in described first layer, and repeat this layering to form described cell wall, wherein the beam in described first layer form the part of first cell wall and beam in the described second layer form with described first cell wall laterally and the part of second cell wall that intersects in the junction.

25. cell structure according to claim 24 is characterized in that: described beam element has T shape or I tee section.

26. cell structure according to claim 23 is characterized in that: the cell wall that described cell structure walls is preferably formed by plate is being formed with the end member that is used to strengthen described junction at least on an end of described junction.

27. cell structure according to claim 26 is characterized in that: described end member is the stave with L shaped cross section that is configured to along the whole side extension of the cell wall that is positioned at place, described junction.