CN101007673A

CN101007673A - Multiple-component filler matrix undercurrent wet land purifying and processing apparatus and undercurrent wet land purifying method

Info

Publication number: CN101007673A
Application number: CNA2007100564894A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘学功; 李金中; 江浩; 杨玉刚
Original assignee: TIANJIN WATER CONSERVANCY INST
Current assignee: TIANJIN WATER CONSERVANCY INST
Priority date: 2007-01-19
Filing date: 2007-01-19
Publication date: 2007-08-01
Anticipated expiration: 2027-01-19
Also published as: CN100497197C

Abstract

The invention discloses a purifying equipment and method of multi-component fill base underflow wetland, which is characterized by the following: the purifying pond displays cubic box with baffle in the middle to separate pond into upgoing pond and descending pond; the fill is filled with pond, which is rough grain size layer, high-effective dephosphorization layer and middle grain size layer to fill upgoing pond and descending pond alternatively; the filling course forms the composition of diafiltrating material with different grain sizes and diafiltrating coffeciency, which produces wave flow-running shape to proceed anaerobic and consumptive procedure reciprocally in the effluent purifying course.

Description

Multiple-component filler matrix undercurrent wet land purifying and processing apparatus and undercurrent wet land purifying method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of current wetland purification apparatus, relate in particular to a kind of multiple-component filler matrix undercurrent wet land purifying and processing apparatus and undercurrent wet land purifying method.

Background technology

Since the seventies in 20th century, the artificial swamp water technology begins to be subjected to people's attention, has advantages such as low investment, less energy-consumption, becomes water surrounding Study on Technology focus.Current wetland belongs to the new technology of artificial swamp sewage disposal, is the wet land system of that manually build, controllable and through engineering approaches.

At present, existing current wetland comprises three key components: plant, microorganism, matrix.The artificial filler of building different-grain diameter is the bed body that matrix forms bedding, the water-fast plant of bed surface plantation high-effective cleansing, take root in matrix bed body, matrix is being supported the root system of these plants, and matrix and root system of plant provide the carrier that adheres to for various microorganisms, form microbial film in matrix and root system of plant surface, water body has the latent layer porous filter bed of plant with undercurrent form infiltrate length, soak in the matrix bed body and expired water body, by the physics in the current wetland, chemistry and biological action, the purification to water body is finished in optimum combination.But still have a lot of defectives and deficiency, and plant in the current wetland and microorganism are subjected to weather effect bigger, and particularly in northern Urban Water Environment was improved, because influence ice period in winter, water distribution layer was frozen and is caused wet land system not move; Microorganism in the current wetland relies in the operational process and forms naturally, can not manually add the high-effective microorganism bacterium, the effect of microbiological deterioration can not be not fully exerted in the current wetland, and it is relatively poor that particularly wetland builds up the initial stage treatment effect, and spring, microorganism recovery process was slow.Current wetland inside causes the aerobic microbiological effect of top layer aerobic zone to weaken under the lower situation of dissolved oxygen content, and the water quality of water outlet is relatively poor, and the water outlet dissolved oxygen concentration is lower, is unfavorable for the self-cleaning of receiving water body.It is main that matrix fill adopts the gravel filling bed mostly, the kind of matrix fill and composition texture ratio are more single, the single formation osmosis system of the component of matrix fill is than homogeneous, the operational process of water body is the simple horizontal motion, upper and lower water body exchange is relatively poor, cause the aerobic and lower floor in upper strata to be sick of a little less than district's current exchange, cause the purifying treatment effect to descend.Exchange and the prolongation flow path of portion water advection wetland for increasing the levels water body, the artificial stop log weir that is provided with in wetland treating pond bottom, though increase the exchange intensity of levels water body and prolong flow path, form the slough easily, cause the decrease in efficiency of whole purifying treatment.

Summary of the invention

Main purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that above-mentioned current wetland exists, provide a kind of filler base to make up mutually by different components, a different grain grating, give full play to different packing layers on the one hand and remove the different advantages of polluting, the combination of different-grain diameter diafiltration material on the other hand, form awave current operation form, carry out anaerobism and oxygen consumption repeatedly, improve the multiple-component filler matrix undercurrent wet land purifying and processing apparatus and the undercurrent wet land purifying method of treatment effect.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:

The present invention makes up mutually by the filler base of different components, a different grain grating, give full play to the removal advantage that different packing layers pollute difference on the one hand, the particularly application of efficient dephosphorization filler, increase the dephosphorization effect of wet land system, subsurface flow wetland system is removed the whole removing of all contaminations reached optimum regime; On the other hand, combination by different-grain diameter diafiltration material in the wetland purification treating pond, make treating pond inside inhomogeneous along the journey permeability coefficient, form awave current operation form, make the sewage water body in processed process, pass through the process of anaerobism and oxygen consumption repeatedly, farthest improve the purifying treatment effect; In addition, adopt the open grain filler, prevent the obstruction of organism and suspended particulate alluvial pipe layers in cloth pool and receipts pool.The filler of current wetland is mainly combined by a certain percentage mutually by the filler of three kinds of components, and three kinds of filler components are respectively: coarse grain footpath filler, efficient dephosphorization filler group, middle particle diameter filler part.The filling-material structure of three kinds of components is divided into vertical current current wetland structure and horizontal flow current wetland structure.

Wetland purification treating pond integral body is a cube casing shape, the wetland purification treating pond is provided with the separation pool wall by the middle part, the wetland purification treating pond is separated into downstream tank and up pond, even filling filling substrate layer in downstream tank and the up pond, the pool wall of wetland purification treating pond is higher than the upper surface of filling substrate layer, filling filling substrate layer will not have water distributor and received water pipe, and the upper end of wetland purification treating pond is below the face of land, and water body moves in the wetland purification treating pond under the face of land all the time.

The most of processing of current wetland purification processing facility is to carry out below the face of land, be fit to very much North China than cold weather, all good throughout the year, and be difficult for to produce stink and mosquito than natural wetland treatment effect, solve the technical barrier that the Ecological Disposal technology can not widespread use in the north.The wetland purification treating pond is divided into two parts with the separation pool wall, promptly be separated into downstream tank and up pond, even filling filling substrate in downstream tank and the up pond utilizes the characteristic of current, allow water body run to up pond, carry out sewage purification effectively and handle from downstream tank.

Amphibious kind of plant is planted on filling substrate layer top, and the root system of kind of plant is tied in the filling substrate layer, and the root system of filling substrate layer fixed race plant, filling substrate layer are coarse grain footpath layer, efficient dephosphorization layer and middle particle diameter layer.

Utilize the pollution substance in the various waterplant absorption water bodys on the filling substrate of artificial plant in downstream tank and up pond, reach the purpose of purifying water body.Nitrogen phosphorus, perennial cold-resistant herbaceous plant can be efficiently removed in plantation on filling substrate, utilize purifying treatment pond and plant to filter and absorb the principle of pollution substance in the sewage, on the one hand by the filter material hold back by the filling substrate surface, deposition, bridge joint effect, and also have flocculation, adsorption to take place in the filling substrate depths, thereby impel particle aggregation, whole filling substrate can both be held back the suspended solids in the water body; On the other hand, adopt the filling substrate planting technology,, can remove main nutrients of nitrogen, phosphoric in the eutrophication water significantly,, certain adsorption is arranged also the heavy metal element that is difficult to degrade in the sewage water body by the sorption of root system of plant.

Aquatic, hygrophyte passes through directly to absorb nutritive substance (N, P) and enriching heavy metal, reaches the pollutent of removing water body, by the harvesting of plant materials pollutent is shifted out from water body, realizes the purification to water body.Aquatic, hygrophyte is discharged into oxygen in the water body by photosynthesis and oxygen therapy process, increases dissolved oxygen content in the water body, improves the self-purification capacity of water body.Aquatic, hygrophyte passes through the absorption of its sense effect and nutritive substance, suppresses algal grown, prevents body eutrophication, and being grown to of waterplant is low-cost, high efficiency water body purification provides condition, is convenient to the plant maintenance and management in later stage.

Coarse grain footpath layer is filled at the both ends up and down in downstream tank and up pond separately, particle diameter layer and efficient dephosphorization layer in alternately filling from top to bottom between the coarse grain footpath layer of downstream tank, combination by different-grain diameter diafiltration material, in the wetland purification treating pond along journey permeability coefficient difference, form awave current operation form, the sewage water body passes through the process of anaerobism and oxygen consumption repeatedly in decontamination process, improve the purifying treatment effect, particle diameter layer and efficient dephosphorization layer in alternately filling from lower to upper between the coarse grain footpath layer in up pond, contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion in the efficient dephosphorization layer, promote the phosphorus in the sewage to form flocculation sediment, improve the phosphor-removing effect of cleaning treatment system, middle particle diameter layer specific surface area is big, provides good interface to microorganic adhesion, forms microbial film, because the porosity of middle particle diameter layer is big, the water body residence time is long, has prolonged connecing of microbial film and has separated the reaction times, has the COD of removal and TN effect.

The upper and lower layer pipe layers in downstream tank and up pond all filled coarse grain and directly constituted coarse grain footpath layer, water distributor, receipts water pipe and connection water pipe are positioned at the middle part of coarse grain footpath layer, because this layer filler aperture is bigger, the permeability coefficient height, filler is less relatively to flow resistance, guarantee the homogeneity of wet land system water distribution and receipts water, prevent the obstruction of pollutent simultaneously water pipe.Between the coarse grain footpath layer of upper and lower two-layer coarse grain footpath filler, be combined to form some filler group layers by efficient dephosphorization layer is alternate with middle particle diameter layer.In the large-scale amphibious kind of plant of current wetland surface kind of plant, kind of plant is taken root in the filler matrix layer.

The top of downstream tank is provided with 1 above water distributor at least, water distributor runs through the top of downstream tank, water distributor is embedded in the coarse grain footpath layer on downstream tank top, the top in up pond is provided with the receipts water pipe, the receipts water pipe runs through the top of downstream tank, the receipts water pipe is embedded in the coarse grain footpath layer on top, up pond, the water distributor of downstream tank is higher than the receipts water pipe in up pond, the aperture of the filler of coarse grain footpath layer is big, the permeability coefficient height, resistance to water body is little, guarantees the homogeneity of wet land system water distribution and receipts water, prevents that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up water distributor and receiving water pipe.

The top of downstream tank is provided with pipe layers, pipe layers is all filled coarse grain footpath filler and is constituted coarse grain footpath layer, water distributor is embedded in the layer of coarse grain footpath, layer aperture, coarse grain footpath is bigger, the permeability coefficient height, less relatively to flow resistance, the homogeneity of assurance wetland purification treating pond system water distribution prevents that pollutent is to the obstruction of water pipe in the polluted-water.The large-scale amphibious kind of plant of current wetland surface plantation, the root system of kind of plant is taken root in the filler matrix layer.

One end of water distributor is connected with water inlet pipe, and the control gate valve is set on the water inlet pipe, and the other end of receiving water pipe is connected with rising pipe, and the control gate valve is set on the rising pipe.The bottom of wetland purification treating pond is provided with the connection water pipe, is communicated with the bottom that water pipe runs through downstream tank and up pond, is embedded in the coarse grain footpath layer of downstream tank and bottom, up pond, is communicated with cross current downstream tank and up pond.

Water distributor is positioned at the top of downstream tank, water distributor is connected with water inlet pipe, water body by water inlet pipe and water distributor equably to the downstream tank water distribution, all be filled with coarse grain footpath layer in downstream tank and the up pond, water body in downstream tank because action of gravity, slowly flow through coarse grain footpath layer from top to bottom, arrive the downstream tank bottom.Stream from top to bottom pass through in, the root system of the top kind of plant of downstream tank and filling substrate adhere to carrier for microorganism provides, microorganism forms microbial film at the root system of kind of plant and the surface of filling substrate, pollutent in the degraded water body, the bottom of wetland purification treating pond are provided with the connection water pipe, be communicated with cross current downstream tank and up pond, water body can enter up pond from downstream tank very smoothly, carries out purifying treatment once again.Water body enters the action of gravity of up pond owing to water body in the downstream tank, and water body slowly flows through coarse grain footpath layer from the bottom to top in up pond, arrives the top in up pond.Stream from the bottom to top pass through in, the root system of the top kind of plant in up pond and filling substrate adhere to carrier for microorganism provides, microorganism forms microbial film on the surface of the root system of kind of plant and filling substrate, the pollutent in the degraded water body.When water body arrives the coarse grain footpath layer on top, up pond, be embedded in the water body after receipts water pipe collection and purification in the layer of coarse grain footpath are handled, collected water body is discharged from rising pipe.

Wetland purification treating pond integral body is a cube casing shape, even filling filling substrate layer in the wetland purification treating pond, the pool wall of wetland purification treating pond is higher than the upper surface of filling substrate layer, the upper end of wetland purification treating pond is below the face of land, and water body moves in the wetland purification treating pond under the face of land all the time.

The most of processing of current wetland purification processing facility is to carry out below the face of land, be fit to very much North China than cold weather, all good throughout the year, and be difficult for to produce stink and mosquito than natural wetland treatment effect, solve the technical barrier that the Ecological Disposal technology can not widespread use in the north.

Amphibious kind of plant is planted on filling substrate layer top, the root system of kind of plant is tied in the filling substrate layer, the root system of filling substrate layer fixed race plant, the filling substrate layer is coarse grain footpath layer, efficient dephosphorization layer and middle particle diameter layer, by the combination of different-grain diameter diafiltration material, in the wetland purification treating pond along journey permeability coefficient difference, form awave current operation form, the sewage water body passes through the process of anaerobism and oxygen consumption repeatedly in decontamination process, improve treatment effect.

Utilize the pollution substance in the various waterplant absorption water bodys on the filling substrate of artificial plant in the wetland purification treating pond, reach the purpose of purifying water body.Nitrogen phosphorus, perennial cold-resistant herbaceous plant can be efficiently removed in plantation on filling substrate, utilize purifying treatment pond and plant to filter and absorb the principle of pollution substance in the sewage, on the one hand by the filter material hold back by the filling substrate surface, deposition, bridge joint effect, and also have flocculation, adsorption to take place in the filling substrate depths, thereby impel particle aggregation, whole filling substrate can both be held back the suspended solids in the water body; On the other hand, adopt the filling substrate planting technology,, can remove main nutrients of nitrogen, phosphoric in the eutrophication water significantly,, certain adsorption is arranged also the heavy metal element that is difficult to degrade in the sewage water body by the sorption of root system of plant.Aquatic, hygrophyte passes through directly to absorb nutritive substance (N, P) and enriching heavy metal, reaches the pollutent of removing water body, by the harvesting of plant materials pollutent is shifted out from water body, realizes the purification to water body.Aquatic, hygrophyte is discharged into oxygen in the water body by photosynthesis and oxygen therapy process, increases dissolved oxygen content in the water body, improves the self-purification capacity of water body.Aquatic, hygrophyte passes through the absorption of its sense effect and nutritive substance, suppresses algal grown, prevents body eutrophication, and being grown to of waterplant is low-cost, high efficiency water body purification provides condition, is convenient to the plant maintenance and management in later stage.

The top of wetland purification treating pond one end is provided with water distributor along the pool wall of wetland purification treating pond, water distributor is embedded in the layer of coarse grain footpath, water distributor is connected with water inlet pipe, the bottom of the wetland purification treating pond the other end is provided with the receipts water pipe along the pool wall of wetland purification treating pond, receiving water pipe is embedded in the layer of coarse grain footpath, receiving water pipe is connected with rising pipe, the aperture of the filler of coarse grain footpath layer is big, the permeability coefficient height, resistance to water body is little, guarantee the homogeneity of wet land system water distribution and receipts water, prevent that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up water distributor and receiving water pipe.

Coarse grain footpath layer is buried water distributor underground and is received water pipe, because the aperture of coarse grain footpath layer is bigger, and the permeability coefficient height, coarse grain footpath layer is less relatively to the resistance of water body, prevents that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up water distributor and receiving water pipe, carries out sewage purification effectively and handle.Water inlet control gate valve is set on the water inlet pipe, sets out the water management gate valve on the rising pipe, controlling flow is through the flow direction and the flow of the water body of water inlet pipe.

The wetland purification treating pond one side inwall coarse grain footpath layer of banking up, coarse grain footpath layer cross section is long-pending meet at right angles trapezoidal, coarse grain footpath layer is buried the water distributor on wetland purification treating pond top underground, the wetland purification treating pond opposite side inwall coarse grain footpath layer of banking up, coarse grain footpath layer cross section is long-pending to meet at right angles trapezoidally, and coarse grain footpath layer is buried the receipts water pipe of wetland purification treating pond bottom underground.

The coarse grain footpath layer global sections of banking up in the wetland purification treating pond is long-pending to be right-angled trapezium, coarse grain footpath layer is buried water distributor underground and is received water pipe, because the aperture of coarse grain footpath layer is bigger, the permeability coefficient height, coarse grain footpath layer is less relatively to the resistance of water body, prevent that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up water distributor and receiving water pipe, carries out sewage purification effectively and handle.

Being stacked between the coarse grain footpath layer of wetland purification treating pond both sides inwall sectional area is trapezoidal and falls ladder type interleaving bank up efficient dephosphorization layer and middle particle diameter layer, in the wetland purification treating pond, bank up at least more than 2 groups efficient dephosphorization layer and middle particle diameter layer, contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion in the efficient dephosphorization layer, promote the phosphorus in the sewage to form flocculation sediment, improve the phosphor-removing effect of cleaning treatment system, middle particle diameter layer specific surface area is big, provide good interface to microorganic adhesion, form microbial film, because the porosity of middle particle diameter layer is big, the water body residence time is long, has prolonged connecing of microbial film and has separated the reaction times, has the COD of removal and TN effect.

Efficient dephosphorization layer and middle particle diameter layer are trapezoidal between the layer of the coarse grain footpath of wetland purification treating pond both sides inwall and fall ladder type interleaving to be banked up, combination by different-grain diameter diafiltration material in the wetland purification treating pond, water body is inhomogeneous along the journey permeability coefficient in the wetland purification treating pond, form awave current operation form, the process that makes the sewage water body pass through anaerobism and oxygen consumption repeatedly in treating processes improves the purifying treatment effect.

The sectional area of wetland purification treating pond is rectangle, trapezoidal, circular, semicircle, Polygons, irregular polygon, adopts at least more than a kind.

The shape in each purifying treatment pond can be determined according to view requirement and topographical condition, can be rectangle, trapezoidal, semicircle, or other shape.

The filling substrate that is filled in the wetland purification treating pond is coarse grain footpath layer, efficient dephosphorization layer and middle particle diameter layer, coarse grain footpath layer is gravel, rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, particle diameter is big, the surface is more smooth, flow resistance is little, particle diameter is 40-60mm, at least adopt more than a kind, porosity is 35-45%, permeability coefficient 50-60cm/s, unit dry weight 1.6-1.8g/cm ³, account for the 5-20 of total filler volume.

Middle particle diameter layer is gravel, rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, and particle diameter is medium, specific surface area forms microbial film greatly, easily, and particle diameter is 20-40mm, adopts at least more than a kind, and porosity is 45-55%, permeability coefficient 20-40cm/s, unit dry weight 1.5-1.7g/cm ³, account for the 20-60 of total filler volume;

Efficient dephosphorization layer is that gravel, rubble, haydite, volcano basalt contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion, particle diameter is medium, contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion, particle diameter is 10-25mm, at least adopt more than a kind, porosity is 40-50%, permeability coefficient 5-15cm/s, unit dry weight 1.3-1.4g/cm ³, account for the 20-70 of total filler volume.The composition of efficient dephosphorization layer is made up of following weight proportion component: silicon-dioxide (Si0 ₂) 35-40 part, aluminum oxide (Al ₂O ₃) 10-20 part, ferric oxide (Fe ₂O ₃) 11-27 part, calcium oxide (CaO) 15-22 part, magnesium oxide (MgO) 4-8 part, potassium oxide (K ₂O) 1-2 part, sodium oxide (Na ₂O) 1-1.5 part sees Table 1.

Table 1 each component packing property and proportion

The filler title		Coarse grain footpath filler	Middle particle diameter filler	Efficient dephosphorization filler
The filler title		Coarse grain footpath filler	Middle particle diameter filler	Efficient dephosphorization filler	Particle diameter	Scope	40～60mm	20～40mm	10～25mm
Intermediate value	50mm	30mm	20mm			Scope	40～60mm	20～40mm	10～25mm
Intermediate value	50mm	30mm	20mm	Porosity (%)		Scope	35～45	45～55	40～50
Intermediate value	40	50	45			Scope	35～45	45～55	40～50
Intermediate value	40	50	45		Permeability coefficient (cm/s)	Scope	50～60	20～40	5～15
Intermediate value	55	30	10			Scope	50～60	20～40	5～15
Intermediate value	55	30	10	Unit dry weight (g/cm ³)		Scope	1.6～1.8	1.5～1.7	1.3～1.4
Intermediate value	1.7	1.6	1.35			Scope	1.6～1.8	1.5～1.7	1.3～1.4
Intermediate value	1.7	1.6	1.35		Account for total filler volume ratio %	Scope	5～20	20～60	20～70
Intermediate value	10	40	50			Scope	5～20	20～60	20～70
Intermediate value	10	40	50	Characteristic			Particle diameter is big, and the surface is more smooth, and flow resistance is little	Specific surface area is big, and particle diameter is medium, forms microbial film easily	Particle diameter is medium, contains abundant iron ion and aluminum ion

The efficient dephosphorization stratification composition table of table 2

Composition	SiO ₂	Al ₂O ₃	Fe ₂O ₃	CaO	MgO	K ₂O	Na ₂O
Composition	SiO ₂	Al ₂O ₃	Fe ₂O ₃	CaO	MgO	K ₂O	Na ₂O	Scope	35～40	10～20	11～27	15～22	4～8	1～2	1～1.5
38.44	15.00	19.00	18.45	6.71	1.30	1.26			35～40	10～20	11～27	15～22	4～8	1～2	1～1.5

The kind of plant of the filling substrate upper epidermis plantation of wetland purification treating pond is amphibious plant, amphibious plant is adopted emergent in the waterplant, emergent is wilson iris, Spiked Loosestrife, skirret, cattail, Scirpus tabernaemontani, Canna generalis Bailey, plants at least more than a kind.

Amphibious kind of plant is all planted on filling substrate top at the wetland purification treating pond, the root system of kind of plant is tied in the filling substrate, filling substrate is that plant growth provides support, simultaneously, the root system of kind of plant and filling substrate adhere to carrier for microorganism provides again, microorganism forms microbial film on the root system and the filling substrate surface of kind of plant, strengthens contaminant degradation in the water body.

The filler of current wetland is mainly combined by a certain percentage mutually by the filler of three kinds of components, and three kinds of filler components are respectively: coarse grain footpath filler, efficient dephosphorization filler group, middle particle diameter filler part.The filling-material structure of three kinds of components is divided into vertical current current wetland structure and horizontal flow current wetland structure, and the purifying treatment method of vertical current current wetland structure and horizontal flow current wetland structure is also different, and the purifying treatment method of vertical current current wetland structure is as follows.

Open control gate valve on the water inlet pipe of wetland purification treating pond and the control gate valve on the rising pipe, pending sewage water body introduced water distributor in the wetland purification treating pond by water inlet pipe, the top of downstream tank to downstream tank in water distribution.From flowing out the coarse grain footpath layer be full of downstream tank top, the aperture of the filler of coarse grain footpath layer is big by water distributor for water body, and the permeability coefficient height is little to the resistance of water body, guarantees the wet land system water distribution and receives the homogeneity of water, prevents that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up water distributor.

Control gate valve on water inlet pipe and the rising pipe is opened, and the treatment sewage water body is introduced by water inlet pipe and is flowed into water distributor, and water inlet pipe flow size is controlled by control sluice.Water distributor is positioned at the top of downstream tank, current pass through water distributor equably to the downstream tank water distribution, the even filling substrate that is filled with in downstream tank and the up pond, water body because inner filling substrate is slowly flow through in action of gravity from top to bottom, arrives the downstream tank bottom in downstream tank.

Efficient dephosphorization layer and middle particle diameter layer arrive the coarse grain footpath layer of downstream tank bottom because action of gravity is from top to bottom slowly flowed through to flow into water body in the downstream tank.In the process of downstream tank of flowing through, the root system of the top kind of plant of downstream tank and filling substrate layer adhere to carrier for microorganism provides, microorganism forms microbial film at the root system of kind of plant and the surface of filling substrate layer, pollutent in the degraded water body, contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion in the efficient dephosphorization layer, promote the phosphorus in the sewage to form flocculation sediment, improve the phosphor-removing effect of cleaning treatment system, middle particle diameter layer specific surface area is big, provides good interface to microorganic adhesion, forms microbial film, because the porosity of middle particle diameter layer is big, the water body residence time is long, has prolonged connecing of microbial film and has separated the reaction times, has the COD of removal and TN effect.

Water body is in the filling substrate process of the downstream tank of flowing through, and the root system of the top kind of plant of downstream tank and filling substrate adhere to carrier for microorganism provides, and microorganism forms microbial film at the root system of kind of plant and the surface of filling substrate, the pollutent in the degraded water body.After water body arrived the downstream tank bottom, because the downstream tank head pressure, water body entered the bottom in up pond by the several connection water pipes that are arranged on the downstream tank bottom.

Water body arrives in the coarse grain footpath layer of downstream tank bottom, by being embedded in the connection water pipe in the layer of coarse grain footpath, is entered in the coarse grain footpath layer in up pond by the bottom of downstream tank.Because the head pressure of downstream tank, enter slowly flow through the from the bottom to top filling substrate layer in up pond of up pond water body, the root system of the top kind of plant in up pond and filling substrate layer adhere to carrier for microorganism provides in the filling substrate layer process in the up pond of flowing through, microorganism forms microbial film at the root system of kind of plant and the surface of filling substrate layer, continues the pollutent in the degraded water body.

Water body behind the arrival downstream tank bottom is by being communicated with the bottom that water pipe enters up pond, because downstream tank head pressure, current slowly flow through the filling substrate layer again from the bottom to top in up pond, contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion in the efficient dephosphorization layer, promote the phosphorus in the sewage to form flocculation sediment, improve the phosphor-removing effect of cleaning treatment system, middle particle diameter layer specific surface area is big, provide good interface to microorganic adhesion, form microbial film, because middle particle diameter layer) porosity big, the water body residence time is long, prolong connecing of microbial film and separated the reaction times, had the COD of removal and TN effect.

In water body arrives the coarse grain footpath layer on top, up pond, the aperture of the filler of coarse grain footpath layer is big, the permeability coefficient height, resistance to water body is little, guarantee the homogeneity of wet land system water distribution and receipts water, prevent that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up the receipts water pipe, the receipts water pipe that water body is embedded in the layer of coarse grain footpath is collected, and collected water body is discharged by rising pipe.

Water body enters the receipts water pipe on top, up pond, receives water pipe and is embedded in the layer of coarse grain footpath, and the aperture of coarse grain footpath layer is big, and the perviousness height is little to the resistance of water body, and water body enters rising pipe by receiving water pipe, is discharged to river course or lake at last.In the whole decontamination process, current are positioned at below the face of land all the time, and the ground table top is amphibious value thing, and total system is similar to ecological park in appearance, plays landscape effect preferably.In the normal course of operation, the gate valve on water inlet pipe and the rising pipe is in opened condition.

The purifying treatment method of horizontal flow current wetland structure is as follows.

Open control gate valve on the water inlet pipe of wetland purification treating pond and the control gate valve on the rising pipe, pending sewage water body is introduced water distributor in the wetland purification treating pond by water inlet pipe, water distributor is embedded in the coarse grain footpath layer of wetland purification treating pond one end, the aperture of the filler of coarse grain footpath layer is big, the permeability coefficient height, resistance to water body is little, guarantees the homogeneity of wet land system water distribution and receipts water, prevents that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up water distributor.

Control gate valve on water inlet pipe and the rising pipe is opened, and the treatment sewage water body is introduced by water inlet pipe and is flowed into water distributor, and water inlet pipe flow size is controlled by control sluice.Water distributor is positioned at the top of wetland purification treating pond, water distributor is embedded in the layer of coarse grain footpath, current pass through water distributor water distribution in the wetland purification treating pond equably, and water body is because action of gravity slowly is full of coarse grain footpath layer from top to bottom, and is moving to efficient dephosphorization layer and middle particle diameter laminar flow.

Water body is because action of gravity slowly is full of the coarse grain footpath layer of right-angled trapezium from top to bottom, water body since action of gravity slowly flow through be arranged alternately fall trapezoidal efficient dephosphorization layer and trapezoidal in the particle diameter layer,

The root system and the filling substrate of the kind of plant of the upper face plantation of water body filling substrate layer in the process of efficient dephosphorization layer and middle particle diameter layer of flowing through adhere to carrier for microorganism provides, microorganism forms microbial film at the root system of kind of plant and the surface of filling substrate, pollutent in the degraded water body, contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion in the efficient dephosphorization layer, promote the phosphorus in the sewage to form flocculation sediment, improve the phosphor-removing effect of cleaning treatment system, middle particle diameter layer specific surface area is big, provide good interface to microorganic adhesion, form microbial film, because the porosity of middle particle diameter layer is big, the water body residence time is long, prolong connecing of microbial film and separated the reaction times, had the COD of removal and TN effect.

Be arranged alternately coarse grain footpath layer in the wetland purification treating pond, efficient dephosphorization layer and middle particle diameter layer, combination by different-grain diameter diafiltration material, in the wetland purification treating pond along journey permeability coefficient difference, form awave current operation form, the sewage water body passes through the process of anaerobism and oxygen consumption repeatedly in decontamination process, improve treatment effect, the root system of kind of plant is taken root in wide aperture filler group, in the filler matrix layer of high certain pore fillers group and high efficiency packing group, filler matrix adheres to carrier for microorganism provides, microorganism forms microbial film on the root system and the filler matrix surface of kind of plant, absorb to remove pollutent in the water body by kind of plant, and along with plant harvesting the most at last pollutent take the wetland purification treating pond out of.

The water body of coarse grain footpath layer, efficient dephosphorization layer and middle particle diameter layer of flowing through moves in circles after the purifying treatment, flow in the right-angled trapezium coarse grain footpath layer of the other end in the wetland purification treating pond, be embedded in the water body after the interior receipts water pipe collection and purification of layer of coarse grain footpath are handled, because the filler matrix aperture of coarse grain footpath layer is bigger, the permeability coefficient height, filler matrix is less relatively to the resistance of water body, receive water pipe and collect the interior water body of wetland purification treating pond uniformly, prevent that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up the receipts water pipe, water body is owing to action of gravity, and the water body after the collection and treatment of receipts water pipe is discharged by rising pipe.

Water body enters in the coarse grain footpath layer of the other end in the wetland purification treating pond, receives water pipe and is embedded in the layer of coarse grain footpath, and the aperture of coarse grain footpath layer is big, and the perviousness height is little to the resistance of water body, and water body enters rising pipe by receiving water pipe, is discharged to river course or lake at last.In the whole decontamination process, current are positioned at below the face of land all the time, and the ground table top is amphibious plant, and total system is similar to ecological park in appearance, plays landscape effect preferably.In the normal course of operation, the gate valve on water inlet pipe and the rising pipe is in opened condition.

When the wetland purification treating pond moves in the winter time, control gate valve before ice formation period on the adjustment water inlet pipe and the control gate valve on the rising pipe, control downstream tank water body and up pond water body into and out of flow, regulation of level in downstream tank and the up pond to more than the filling substrate, is formed open fire on the top in downstream tank and up pond.

When moving in the winter time, at first, before freezing by the control gate valve on water inlet pipe and the rising pipe control the wetland purification treating pond into and out of flow, regulation of level in the wetland purification treating pond is formed open fire to 30～40cm more than the filling substrate surface, and the elevation of water surface of wetland purification treating pond can be provided with according to local cryosphere thickness.

After treating that the top layer water surface freezes, again the water level in downstream tank and up pond is reduced to below the water distributor, below the ice face of the top in downstream tank and up pond with form air barrier more than the water surface, reach the Winter protection effect, the wetland purification treating pond still normally moves purifying treatment sewage water body;

After the top layer water surface for the treatment of wetland purification treating pond top open fire freezes, again the water level of wetland purification treating pond is reduced to below the water distributor, form an air barrier like this below the ice face and more than the water surface, play the effect of Winter protection this moment, even in the winter time ice formation period, the following purifying treatment of ice face is still normally moved in the wetland purification treating pond.

When the wetland purification treating pond moves in the winter time, control gate valve before ice formation period on the adjustment water inlet pipe and the control gate valve on the rising pipe, control wetland purification treating pond water body into and out of flow, regulation of level in the wetland purification treating pond to more than the filling substrate, is formed open fire on the top of wetland purification treating pond.

After treating that the top layer water surface freezes, again the water level of wetland purification treating pond is reduced to below the water distributor, below the ice face of the top of wetland purification treating pond with form air barrier more than the water surface, reach the Winter protection effect, the wetland purification treating pond still normally moves purifying treatment sewage water body.

The present invention is multiple-component filler matrix undercurrent wet land purifying and processing apparatus and undercurrent wet land purifying method.Design science, rational in infrastructure, reduced investment, duration is short, instant effect, water treatment running cost is low, convenient management, the water ecology reparation can reduce working cost, current wetland purifying treatment pond major part can both be carried out purifying treatment throughout the year below the face of land, every index is better than the treatment effect of natural wetland, be difficult for producing stink and mosquitos and flies, solve the technical barrier of Ecological Disposal technology in northern widespread use.The water quality of water outlet is good, water outlet after the processing on average can improve 1～2 grade, reach the requirement of surface water IV class water quality standard, can directly enter reservoir and river course, but the fast processing hydration phenomena that summer, blue algae bloom caused, recover the self-purification function of water body, be applicable to the processing of water body in large water quality deterioration accident.The unitized design of many components filler is given full play to the pollutant removal advantage of different component fillers, improves the whole decontamination effect improving that goes of system; Be arranged alternately coarse grain footpath layer in the wetland purification treating pond, efficient dephosphorization layer and middle particle diameter layer, combination by different-grain diameter diafiltration material, in the wetland purification treating pond along journey permeability coefficient difference, form the current operation form of the dense formula of ripple, the sewage water body passes through the process of anaerobism and oxygen consumption repeatedly in decontamination process, improve treatment effect, water inlet pipe and rising pipe and connection water pipe all are positioned at coarse grain footpath layer, the filler aperture of coarse grain footpath layer is bigger, the permeability coefficient height, less relatively to flow resistance, guarantee wetland purification treating pond system water distribution and the homogeneity of receiving water, prevent the obstruction of pollutent simultaneously, prolong the work-ing life of system water pipe.The root system of kind of plant is taken root in the filler matrix layer of wide aperture filler group, high certain pore fillers group and high efficiency packing group, filler matrix adheres to carrier for microorganism provides, microorganism forms microbial film on the root system and the filler matrix surface of kind of plant, absorb to remove pollutent in the water body by kind of plant, and along with plant harvesting the most at last pollutent take the wetland purification treating pond out of.The face of land of cleaning treatment system is exactly an ecological park, can combine closely with urban landscape construction, helps urban afforestation, when realizing water body purification, reaches the purpose in beautification and greening city.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples to the detailed description of the invention.

The synoptic diagram of Fig. 1 vertical current current wetland structure wetland purification treating pond

The synoptic diagram of Fig. 2 horizontal flow current wetland structure wetland purification treating pond

1 water inlet pipe, 2 downstream tank, 3 up ponds, 4 rising pipes, 5 are communicated with water pipes, 6 coarse grain footpath layer, 7 efficient dephosphorization layers, particle diameter layer in 8,9 kind of plant, 10 wetland purification treating ponds, 11 water distributors, 12 receipts water pipes, 13 cut apart pool wall, 14 filling substrate layers

Embodiment

Implement 1

Wetland purification treating pond (10) integral body is a cube casing shape, wetland purification treating pond (10) is provided with by the middle part separates pool wall (13), wetland purification treating pond (10) is separated into downstream tank (2) and up pond (3), even filling filling substrate layer (14) in downstream tank (2) and up pond (3), the pool wall of wetland purification treating pond (10) is higher than the upper surface of filling substrate layer (14), filling filling substrate layer (14) will not have water distributor (11) and received water pipe (12), the upper end of wetland purification treating pond (10) is below the face of land, and water body moves in the wetland purification treating pond (10) under the face of land all the time.

Amphibious kind of plant (9) is planted on filling substrate layer (14) top, the root system of kind of plant (9) is tied in the filling substrate layer (14), the root system of filling substrate layer (14) fixed race plant (9), filling substrate layer (14) are coarse grain footpath layer (6), efficient dephosphorization layer (7) and middle particle diameter layer (8).

Coarse grain footpath layer (6) is filled at the both ends up and down of downstream tank (2) and up pond (3) separately, particle diameter layer (8) and efficient dephosphorization layer (7) in alternately filling from top to bottom between the coarse grain footpath layer (6) of downstream tank (2), combination by different-grain diameter diafiltration material, in the wetland purification treating pond (10) along journey permeability coefficient difference, form awave current operation form, the sewage water body passes through the process of anaerobism and oxygen consumption repeatedly in decontamination process, improve the purifying treatment effect, particle diameter layer (8) and efficient dephosphorization layer (7) in alternately filling from lower to upper between the coarse grain footpath layer (6) in up pond (3), contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion in the efficient dephosphorization layer (7), promote the phosphorus in the sewage to form flocculation sediment, improve the phosphor-removing effect of cleaning treatment system, middle particle diameter layer (8) specific surface area is big, provide good interface to microorganic adhesion, form microbial film, because the porosity of middle particle diameter layer (8) is big, the water body residence time is long, prolong connecing of microbial film and separated the reaction times, had the COD of removal and TN effect.

The top of downstream tank (2) is provided with 1 above water distributor (11) at least, water distributor (11) runs through the top of downstream tank (2), water distributor (11) is embedded in the coarse grain footpath layer (6) on downstream tank (2) top, the top in up pond (3) is provided with receives water pipe (12), receipts water pipes (12) run through the top of downstream tank (2), receiving water pipe (12) is embedded in the coarse grain footpath layer (6) on top, up pond (3), the water distributor (11) of downstream tank (2) is higher than the receipts water pipe (12) in up pond (3), the aperture of the filler of coarse grain footpath layer (6) is big, the permeability coefficient height, resistance to water body is little, guarantee the homogeneity of wet land system water distribution and receipts water, prevent that simultaneously dirt from coming thing obstruction water distributor and receiving water pipe.

One end of water distributor (11) is connected with water inlet pipe (1), and water inlet pipe is provided with the control gate valve on (1), and the other end of receiving water pipe (12) is connected with rising pipe (4), and rising pipe is provided with the control gate valve on (4).The bottom of wetland purification treating pond (10) is provided with and is communicated with water pipe (5), be communicated with the bottom that water pipe (5) runs through downstream tank (2) and up pond (3), be embedded in the coarse grain footpath layer (6) of downstream tank (2) and bottom, up pond (3), be communicated with water pipe (5) and be communicated with downstream tank (2) and up pond (3), as shown in Figure 1.

Embodiment 2

Wetland purification treating pond (10) integral body is a cube casing shape, even filling filling substrate layer (14) in the wetland purification treating pond (10), the pool wall of wetland purification treating pond (10) is higher than the upper surface of filling substrate layer (14), the upper end of wetland purification treating pond (10) is below the face of land, and water body moves in the wetland purification treating pond (10) under the face of land all the time.

Amphibious kind of plant (9) is planted on filling substrate layer (14) top, the root system of kind of plant (9) is tied in the filling substrate layer (14), the root system of filling substrate layer (14) fixed race plant (9), filling substrate layer (14) is coarse grain footpath layer (6), efficient dephosphorization layer (7) and middle particle diameter layer (8), combination by different-grain diameter diafiltration material, in the wetland purification treating pond (10) along journey permeability coefficient difference, form awave current operation form, the sewage water body passes through the process of anaerobism and oxygen consumption repeatedly in decontamination process, improve treatment effect.

The top of wetland purification treating pond (10) one ends is provided with water distributor (11) along the pool wall of wetland purification treating pond (10), water distributor (11) is embedded in the coarse grain footpath layer (6), water distributor (11) is connected with water inlet pipe (1), the bottom of wetland purification treating pond (10) the other end is provided with receipts water pipe (12) along the pool wall of wetland purification treating pond (10), receiving water pipe (12) is embedded in the coarse grain footpath layer (6), receiving water pipe (12) is connected with rising pipe (4), the aperture of the filler of coarse grain footpath layer (6) is big, the permeability coefficient height, resistance to water body is little, guarantee the homogeneity of wet land system water distribution and receipts water, prevent that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up water distributor and receiving water pipe.

Wetland purification treating pond (10) the one side inwalls coarse grain footpath layer (6) of banking up, coarse grain footpath layer (6) sectional area meets at right angles trapezoidal, coarse grain footpath layer (6) is buried the water distributor (11) on wetland purification treating pond (10) top underground, wetland purification treating pond (10) the opposite side inwall coarse grain footpath layer (6) of banking up, coarse grain footpath layer (6) sectional area meets at right angles trapezoidal, and coarse grain footpath layer (6) is buried the receipts water pipe (12) of wetland purification treating pond (10) bottom underground.

Being stacked between the coarse grain footpath layer (6) of wetland purification treating pond (10) both sides inwall sectional area is trapezoidal and falls ladder type interleaving bank up efficient dephosphorization layer (7) and middle particle diameter layer (8), in wetland purification treating pond (10), bank up at least more than 2 groups efficient dephosphorization layer (7) and middle particle diameter layer (8), contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion in the efficient dephosphorization layer (7), promote the phosphorus in the sewage to form flocculation sediment, improve the phosphor-removing effect of cleaning treatment system, middle particle diameter layer (8) specific surface area is big, provide good interface to microorganic adhesion, form microbial film, because the porosity of middle particle diameter layer (8) is big, the water body residence time is long, having prolonged connecing of microbial film separates the reaction times, have the COD of removal and TN effect, as shown in Figure 2.

Embodiment 3

The sectional area of wetland purification treating pond (10) is rectangle, trapezoidal, circular, semicircle, Polygons, irregular polygon, adopts at least more than a kind, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.

Implement 4

The filling substrate (14) that is filled in the wetland purification treating pond (10) is coarse grain footpath layer (6), efficient dephosphorization layer (7) and middle particle diameter layer (8), coarse grain footpath layer (6) is gravel, rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, particle diameter is big, the surface is more smooth, flow resistance is little, particle diameter is 40-60mm, at least adopt more than a kind, porosity is 35-45%, permeability coefficient 50-60cm/s, unit dry weight 1.6-1.8g/cm ³, account for the 5-20 of total filler volume, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.

Embodiment 5

Middle particle diameter layer (8) is gravel, rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, and particle diameter is medium, specific surface area forms microbial film greatly, easily, and particle diameter is 20-40mm, at least adopt more than a kind, porosity is 45-55%, permeability coefficient 20-40cm/s, unit dry weight 1.5-1.7g/cm ³, account for the 20-60 of total filler volume, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.

Embodiment 6 (high dosage)

Efficient dephosphorization layer (7) is that gravel, rubble, haydite, volcano basalt contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion, particle diameter is medium, contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion, particle diameter is 10-25mm, at least adopt more than a kind, porosity is 40-50%, permeability coefficient 5-15cm/s, unit dry weight 1.3-1.4g/cm ³, account for the 20-70 of total filler volume.The composition of efficient dephosphorization layer (7) is formed every part in 1kg by following weight proportion component: silicon-dioxide (SiO ₂) 40kg, aluminum oxide (Al ₂O ₃) 20kg, ferric oxide (Fe ₂O ₃) 27kg, calcium oxide (CaO) 22kg, magnesium oxide (MgO) 8kg, potassium oxide (K ₂O) 2kg, sodium oxide (Na ₂O) 1.5kg, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.

Embodiment 7 (low dosage)

Efficient dephosphorization layer (7) is that gravel, rubble, haydite, volcano basalt contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion, particle diameter is medium, contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion, particle diameter is 10-25mm, at least adopt more than a kind, porosity is 40-50%, permeability coefficient 5-15cm/s, unit dry weight 1.3-1.4g/cm ³, account for the 20-70 of total filler volume.The composition of efficient dephosphorization layer (7) is formed every part in 1kg by following weight proportion component: silicon-dioxide (SiO ₂) 35kg, aluminum oxide (Al ₂O ₃) 10kg, ferric oxide (Fe ₂O ₃) 11kg, calcium oxide (CaCO) 15kg, magnesium oxide (MgO) 4kg, potassium oxide (K ₂O) 1kg, sodium oxide (Na ₂O) 1kg, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.

Embodiment 8 (median dose)

Efficient dephosphorization layer (7) is that gravel, rubble, haydite, volcano basalt contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion, particle diameter is medium, contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion, particle diameter is 10-25mm, at least adopt more than a kind, porosity is 40-50%, permeability coefficient 5-15cm/s, unit dry weight 1.3-1.4g/cm ³, account for the 20-70 of total filler volume.The composition of efficient dephosphorization layer (7) is formed every part in 1kg by following weight proportion component: silicon-dioxide (SiO ₂) 37.5kg, aluminum oxide (Al ₂O ₃) 15kg, ferric oxide (Fe ₂O ₃) 19kg, calcium oxide (CaO) 18.5kg, magnesium oxide (MgO) 6kg, potassium oxide (K ₂O) 1.5kg, sodium oxide (Na ₂O) 1.2kg, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.

Embodiment 9

The kind of plant (9) of filling substrate (14) the upper epidermis plantation of wetland purification treating pond (10) is amphibious plant, amphibious plant is adopted emergent in the waterplant, emergent is wilson iris, Spiked Loosestrife, skirret, cattail, Scirpus tabernaemontani, Canna generalis Bailey, at least plant more than a kind, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.

Embodiment 10

Open control gate valve on the water inlet pipe (1) of wetland purification treating pond (10) and the control gate valve on the rising pipe (4), pending sewage water body is introduced water distributor (11) in the wetland purification treating pond (10) by water inlet pipe (1), the top of downstream tank (2) to downstream tank (2) in water distribution.Water body is flowed out the coarse grain footpath layer (6) that is full of downstream tank (2) top certainly by water distributor (11), the aperture of the filler of coarse grain footpath layer (6) is big, and the permeability coefficient height is little to the resistance of water body, guarantee the homogeneity of wet land system water distribution and receipts water, prevent that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up water distributor.

Efficient dephosphorization layer (7) and middle particle diameter layer (8) arrive the coarse grain footpath layer (6) of downstream tank (2) bottom because action of gravity is from top to bottom slowly flowed through to flow into water body in the downstream tank (2).In the process of the downstream tank of flowing through (2), the root system and the filling substrate layer (14) of the top kind of plant (9) of downstream tank (2) adhere to carrier for microorganism provides, microorganism forms microbial film at the root system of kind of plant (9) and the surface of filling substrate layer (14), pollutent in the degraded water body, contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion in the efficient dephosphorization layer (7), promote the phosphorus in the sewage to form flocculation sediment, improve the phosphor-removing effect of cleaning treatment system, middle particle diameter layer (8) specific surface area is big, provide good interface to microorganic adhesion, form microbial film, because the porosity of middle particle diameter layer (8) is big, the water body residence time is long, has prolonged connecing of microbial film and has separated the reaction times, has the COD of removal and TN effect.

Water body arrives in the coarse grain footpath layer (6) of downstream tank (2) bottom, by being embedded in the connection water pipe (5) in the coarse grain footpath layer (6), is entered in the coarse grain footpath layer (6) in up pond (3) by the bottom of downstream tank (2).Because the head pressure of downstream tank (2), enter slowly flow through the from the bottom to top filling substrate layer (14) in up pond (3) of up pond (3) water body, the root system and the filling substrate layer (14) of the top kind of plant (9) in up pond (3) adhere to carrier for microorganism provides in filling substrate layer (14) process in the up pond (3) of flowing through, microorganism forms microbial film at the root system of kind of plant (9) and the surface of filling substrate layer (14), continues the pollutent in the degraded water body.

In water body arrives the coarse grain footpath layer (6) on top, up pond (3), the aperture of the filler of coarse grain footpath layer (6) is big, the permeability coefficient height, resistance to water body is little, guarantee the homogeneity of wet land system water distribution and receipts water, prevent that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up the receipts water pipe, water body is embedded in the interior receipts water pipe (12) of coarse grain footpath layer (6) and collects, collected water body is discharged by rising pipe (4), as shown in Figure 1.

Embodiment 11

Open control gate valve on the water inlet pipe (1) of wetland purification treating pond (10) and the control gate valve on the rising pipe (4), pending sewage water body is introduced the interior water distributor (11) of wetland purification treating pond (10) by water inlet pipe (1), water distributor (11) is embedded in the coarse grain footpath layer (6) of wetland purification treating pond (10) one ends, the aperture of the filler of coarse grain footpath layer (6) is big, the permeability coefficient height, resistance to water body is little, guarantee the homogeneity of wet land system water distribution and receipts water, prevent that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up water distributor.

Water body is because action of gravity slowly is full of the coarse grain footpath layer (6) of right-angled trapezium from top to bottom, water body since action of gravity slowly flow through be arranged alternately fall trapezoidal efficient dephosphorization layer (7) and trapezoidal middle particle diameter layer (8), the root system and the filling substrate (14) of the kind of plant (9) of the upper face plantation of water body filling substrate layer (14) in the process of efficient dephosphorization layer (7) and middle particle diameter layer (8) of flowing through adhere to carrier for microorganism provides, microorganism forms microbial film at the root system of kind of plant (9) and the surface of filling substrate (14), pollutent in the degraded water body, contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion in the efficient dephosphorization layer (7), promote the phosphorus in the sewage to form flocculation sediment, improve the phosphor-removing effect of cleaning treatment system, middle particle diameter layer (8) specific surface area is big, provide good interface to microorganic adhesion, form microbial film, because the porosity of middle particle diameter layer (8) is big, the water body residence time is long, prolong connecing of microbial film and separated the reaction times, had the COD of removal and TN effect.

The coarse grain of flowing through is layer (6) directly, the water body of efficient dephosphorization layer (7) and middle particle diameter layer (8) moves in circles after the purifying treatment, flow in the right-angled trapezium coarse grain footpath layer (6) of the interior the other end of wetland purification treating pond (10), be embedded in the water body after interior receipts water pipe (12) collection and purification of coarse grain footpath layer (6) are handled, because filler matrix (14) aperture of coarse grain footpath layer (6) is bigger, the permeability coefficient height, filler matrix (14) is less relatively to the resistance of water body, receive water pipe (12) and collect the interior water body of wetland purification treating pond (10) uniformly, prevent that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up receipts water pipe (12), water body is because action of gravity, water body after the collection and treatment of receipts water pipe (12) is discharged by rising pipe (4), as shown in Figure 2.

Embodiment 12

Wetland purification treating pond (10) is when moving in the winter time, before ice formation period, adjust control gate valve on the water inlet pipe (1) and the control gate valve on the rising pipe (4), control downstream tank (2) water body and up pond (3) water body into and out of flow, regulation of level in downstream tank (2) and up pond (3) to more than the filling substrate (14), is formed open fire on the top of downstream tank (2) and up pond (3).

After treating that the top layer water surface freezes, again the water level of downstream tank (2) and up pond (3) is reduced to below the water distributor (11), formation air barrier below the ice face of the top of downstream tank (2) and up pond (3) and more than the water surface, reach the Winter protection effect, wetland purification treating pond (10) still normally moves purifying treatment sewage water body, as shown in Figure 1.

Implement 13

Wetland purification treating pond (10) is when moving in the winter time, before ice formation period, adjust control gate valve on the water inlet pipe (1) and the control gate valve on the rising pipe (4), control wetland purification treating pond (10) water body into and out of flow, regulation of level in the wetland purification treating pond (10) to more than the filling substrate (14), is formed open fire on the top of wetland purification treating pond (10).

After treating that the top layer water surface freezes, again the water level of wetland purification treating pond (10) is reduced to below the water distributor (11), formation air barrier below the ice face of the top of wetland purification treating pond (10) and more than the water surface, reach the Winter protection effect, wetland purification treating pond (10) still normally moves purifying treatment sewage water body, as shown in Figure 2.

Claims

1, a kind of multiple-component filler matrix undercurrent wet land purifying and processing apparatus, it is characterized in that wetland purification treating pond (10) integral body is a cube casing shape, wetland purification treating pond (10) is provided with by the middle part separates pool wall (13), wetland purification treating pond (10) is separated into downstream tank (2) and up pond (3), even filling filling substrate layer (14) in downstream tank (2) and up pond (3), the pool wall of wetland purification treating pond (10) is higher than the upper surface of filling substrate layer (14), filling filling substrate layer (14) will not have water distributor (11) and received water pipe (12), the upper end of wetland purification treating pond (10) is below the face of land, and water body moves in the wetland purification treating pond (10) under the face of land all the time; Amphibious kind of plant (9) is planted on filling substrate layer (14) top, the root system of kind of plant (9) is tied in the filling substrate layer (14), the root system of filling substrate layer (14) fixed race plant (9), filling substrate layer (14) are coarse grain footpath layer (6), efficient dephosphorization layer (7) and middle particle diameter layer (8); Coarse grain footpath layer (6) is filled at the both ends up and down of downstream tank (2) and up pond (3) separately, particle diameter layer (8) and efficient dephosphorization layer (7) in alternately filling from top to bottom between the coarse grain footpath layer (6) of downstream tank (2), combination by different-grain diameter diafiltration material, in the wetland purification treating pond (10) along journey permeability coefficient difference, form awave current operation form, the sewage water body passes through the process of anaerobism and oxygen consumption repeatedly in decontamination process, improve the purifying treatment effect, particle diameter layer (8) and efficient dephosphorization layer (7) in alternately filling from lower to upper between the coarse grain footpath layer (6) in up pond (3), contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion in the efficient dephosphorization layer (7), promote the phosphorus in the sewage to form flocculation sediment, improve the phosphor-removing effect of cleaning treatment system, middle particle diameter layer (8) specific surface area is big, provide good interface to microorganic adhesion, form microbial film, because the porosity of middle particle diameter layer (8) is big, the water body residence time is long, prolong connecing of microbial film and separated the reaction times, had the COD of removal and TN effect; The top of downstream tank (2) is provided with 1 above water distributor (11) at least, water distributor (11) runs through the top of downstream tank (2), water distributor (11) is embedded in the coarse grain footpath layer (6) on downstream tank (2) top, the top in up pond (3) is provided with receives water pipe (12), receipts water pipes (12) run through the top of downstream tank (2), receiving water pipe (12) is embedded in the coarse grain footpath layer (6) on top, up pond (3), the water distributor (11) of downstream tank (2) is higher than the receipts water pipe (12) in up pond (3), the aperture of the filler of coarse grain footpath layer (6) is big, the permeability coefficient height, resistance to water body is little, guarantee the homogeneity of wet land system water distribution and receipts water, prevent that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up water distributor and receiving water pipe; One end of water distributor (11) is connected with water inlet pipe (1), and water inlet pipe is provided with the control gate valve on (1), and the other end of receiving water pipe (12) is connected with rising pipe (4), and rising pipe is provided with the control gate valve on (4); The bottom of wetland purification treating pond (10) is provided with and is communicated with water pipe (5), be communicated with the bottom that water pipe (5) runs through downstream tank (2) and up pond (3), be embedded in the coarse grain footpath layer (6) of downstream tank (2) and bottom, up pond (3), be communicated with water pipe (5) and be communicated with downstream tank (2) and up pond (3); Perhaps wetland purification treating pond (10) integral body is a cube casing shape, even filling filling substrate layer (14) in the wetland purification treating pond (10), the pool wall of wetland purification treating pond (10) is higher than the upper surface of filling substrate layer (14), the upper end of wetland purification treating pond (10) is below the face of land, and water body moves in the wetland purification treating pond (10) under the face of land all the time; Amphibious kind of plant (9) is planted on filling substrate layer (14) top, the root system of kind of plant (9) is tied in the filling substrate layer (14), the root system of filling substrate layer (14) fixed race plant (9), filling substrate layer (14) is coarse grain footpath layer (6), efficient dephosphorization layer (7) and middle particle diameter layer (8), combination by different-grain diameter diafiltration material, in the wetland purification treating pond (10) along journey permeability coefficient difference, form awave current operation form, the sewage water body passes through the process of anaerobism and oxygen consumption repeatedly in decontamination process, improve the purifying treatment effect; The top of wetland purification treating pond (10) one ends is provided with water distributor (11) along the pool wall of wetland purification treating pond (10), water distributor (11) is embedded in the coarse grain footpath layer (6), water distributor (11) is connected with water inlet pipe (1), the bottom of wetland purification treating pond (10) the other end is provided with receipts water pipe (12) along the pool wall of wetland purification treating pond (10), receiving water pipe (12) is embedded in the coarse grain footpath layer (6), receiving water pipe (12) is connected with rising pipe (4), the aperture of the filler of coarse grain footpath layer (6) is big, the permeability coefficient height, resistance to water body is little, guarantee the homogeneity of wet land system water distribution and receipts water, prevent that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up water distributor and receiving water pipe; Wetland purification treating pond (10) the one side inwalls coarse grain footpath layer (6) of banking up, coarse grain footpath layer (6) sectional area meets at right angles trapezoidal, coarse grain footpath layer (6) is buried the water distributor (11) on wetland purification treating pond (10) top underground, wetland purification treating pond (10) the opposite side inwall coarse grain footpath layer (6) of banking up, coarse grain footpath layer (6) sectional area meets at right angles trapezoidal, and coarse grain footpath layer (6) is buried the receipts water pipe (12) of wetland purification treating pond (10) bottom underground; Being stacked between the coarse grain footpath layer (6) of wetland purification treating pond (10) both sides inwall sectional area is trapezoidal and falls ladder type interleaving bank up efficient dephosphorization layer (7) and middle particle diameter layer (8), in wetland purification treating pond (10), bank up at least more than 2 groups efficient dephosphorization layer (7) and middle particle diameter layer (8), contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion in the efficient dephosphorization layer (7), promote the phosphorus in the sewage to form flocculation sediment, improve the phosphor-removing effect of cleaning treatment system, middle particle diameter layer (8) specific surface area is big, provide good interface to microorganic adhesion, form microbial film, because the porosity of middle particle diameter layer (8) is big, the water body residence time is long, prolong connecing of microbial film and separated the reaction times, had the COD of removal and TN effect.

2, multiple-component filler matrix undercurrent wet land purifying and processing apparatus according to claim 1, the sectional area that it is characterized in that described wetland purification treating pond (10) is rectangle, trapezoidal, circular, semicircle, Polygons, irregular polygon, adopts at least more than a kind; The filling substrate (14) that is filled in the wetland purification treating pond (10) is coarse grain footpath layer (6), efficient dephosphorization layer (7) and middle particle diameter layer (8), coarse grain footpath layer (6) is gravel, rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, particle diameter is big, the surface is more smooth, flow resistance is little, particle diameter is 40-60mm, at least adopt more than a kind, porosity is 35-45%, permeability coefficient 50-60cm/s, unit dry weight 1.6-1.8g/cm ³, account for the 5-20 of total filler volume; Middle particle diameter layer (8) is gravel, rubble, haydite, volcano basalt, and particle diameter is medium, specific surface area forms microbial film greatly, easily, and particle diameter is 20-40mm, at least adopt more than a kind, porosity is 45-55%, permeability coefficient 20-40cm/s, unit dry weight 1.5-1.7g/cm ³, account for the 20-60 of total filler volume; Efficient dephosphorization layer (7) is that gravel, rubble, haydite, volcano basalt contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion, particle diameter is medium, contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion, particle diameter is 10-25mm, at least adopt more than a kind, porosity is 40-50%, permeability coefficient 5-15cm/s, unit dry weight 1.3-1.4g/cm ³, account for the 20-70 of total filler volume; The composition of efficient dephosphorization layer (7) is made up of following weight proportion component: silicon-dioxide (SiO ₂) 35-40 part, aluminum oxide (Al ₂O ₃) 10-20 part, ferric oxide (Fe ₂O ₃) 11-27 part, calcium oxide (CaO) 15-22 part, magnesium oxide (MgO) 4-8 part, potassium oxide (K ₂O) 1-2 part, sodium oxide (Na ₂O) 1-1.5 part; The kind of plant (9) of filling substrate (14) the upper epidermis plantation of wetland purification treating pond (10) is amphibious plant, amphibious plant is adopted emergent in the waterplant, emergent is wilson iris, Spiked Loosestrife, skirret, cattail, Scirpus tabernaemontani, Canna generalis Bailey, plants at least more than a kind.

3, a kind of undercurrent wet land purifying method of multiple-component filler matrix undercurrent wet land purifying and processing apparatus, it is characterized in that opening control gate valve on the water inlet pipe (1) of wetland purification treating pond (10) and the control gate valve on the rising pipe (4), pending sewage water body is introduced water distributor (11) in the wetland purification treating pond (10) by water inlet pipe (1), the top of downstream tank (2) to downstream tank (2) in water distribution; Water body is flowed out the coarse grain footpath layer (6) that is full of downstream tank (2) top certainly by water distributor (11), the aperture of the filler of coarse grain footpath layer (6) is big, and the permeability coefficient height is little to the resistance of water body, guarantee the homogeneity of wet land system water distribution and receipts water, prevent that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up water distributor; Efficient dephosphorization layer (7) and middle particle diameter layer (8) arrive the coarse grain footpath layer (6) of downstream tank (2) bottom because action of gravity is from top to bottom slowly flowed through to flow into water body in the downstream tank (2); In the process of the downstream tank of flowing through (2), the root system and the filling substrate layer (14) of the top kind of plant (9) of downstream tank (2) adhere to carrier for microorganism provides, microorganism forms microbial film at the root system of kind of plant (9) and the surface of filling substrate layer (14), pollutent in the degraded water body, contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion in the efficient dephosphorization layer (7), promote the phosphorus in the sewage to form flocculation sediment, improve the phosphor-removing effect of cleaning treatment system, middle particle diameter layer (8) specific surface area is big, provide good interface to microorganic adhesion, form microbial film, because the porosity of middle particle diameter layer (8) is big, the water body residence time is long, has prolonged connecing of microbial film and has separated the reaction times, has the COD of removal and TN effect; Water body arrives in the coarse grain footpath layer (6) of downstream tank (2) bottom, by being embedded in the connection water pipe (5) in the coarse grain footpath layer (6), is entered in the coarse grain footpath layer (6) in up pond (3) by the bottom of downstream tank (2); Because the head pressure of downstream tank (2), enter slowly flow through the from the bottom to top filling substrate layer (14) in up pond (3) of up pond (3) water body, the root system and the filling substrate layer (14) of the top kind of plant (9) in up pond (3) adhere to carrier for microorganism provides in filling substrate layer (14) process in the up pond (3) of flowing through, microorganism forms microbial film at the root system of kind of plant (9) and the surface of filling substrate layer (14), continues the pollutent in the degraded water body; In water body arrives the coarse grain footpath layer (6) on top, up pond (3), the aperture of the filler of coarse grain footpath layer (6) is big, the permeability coefficient height, resistance to water body is little, guarantee the homogeneity of wet land system water distribution and receipts water, prevent that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up the receipts water pipe, receipts water pipe (12) that water body is embedded in the coarse grain footpath layer (6) is collected, and collected water body passes through rising pipe (4) and discharges; Perhaps open control gate valve on the water inlet pipe (1) of wetland purification treating pond (10) and the control gate valve on the rising pipe (4), pending sewage water body is introduced the interior water distributor (11) of wetland purification treating pond (10) by water inlet pipe (1), water distributor (11) is embedded in the coarse grain footpath layer (6) of wetland purification treating pond (10) one ends, the aperture of the filler of coarse grain footpath layer (6) is big, the permeability coefficient height, resistance to water body is little, guarantee the homogeneity of wet land system water distribution and receipts water, prevent that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up water distributor; Water body is because action of gravity slowly is full of the coarse grain footpath layer (6) of right-angled trapezium from top to bottom, water body since action of gravity slowly flow through be arranged alternately fall trapezoidal efficient dephosphorization layer (7) and trapezoidal middle particle diameter layer (8), the root system and the filling substrate (14) of the kind of plant (9) of the upper face plantation of water body filling substrate layer (14) in the process of efficient dephosphorization layer (7) and middle particle diameter layer (8) of flowing through adhere to carrier for microorganism provides, microorganism forms microbial film at the root system of kind of plant (9) and the surface of filling substrate (14), pollutent in the degraded water body, contain abundant iron ion and aluminum ion in the efficient dephosphorization layer (7), promote the phosphorus in the sewage to form flocculation sediment, improve the phosphor-removing effect of cleaning treatment system, middle particle diameter layer (8) specific surface area is big, provide good interface to microorganic adhesion, form microbial film, because the porosity of middle particle diameter layer (8) is big, the water body residence time is long, prolong connecing of microbial film and separated the reaction times, had the COD of removal and TN effect; The coarse grain of flowing through is layer (6) directly, the water body of efficient dephosphorization layer (7) and middle particle diameter layer (8) moves in circles after the purifying treatment, flow in the right-angled trapezium coarse grain footpath layer (6) of the interior the other end of wetland purification treating pond (10), be embedded in the water body after interior receipts water pipe (12) collection and purification of coarse grain footpath layer (6) are handled, because filler matrix (14) aperture of coarse grain footpath layer (6) is bigger, the permeability coefficient height, filler matrix (14) is less relatively to the resistance of water body, receive water pipe (12) and collect the interior water body of wetland purification treating pond (10) uniformly, prevent that simultaneously pollutent from stopping up receipts water pipe (12), water body is owing to action of gravity, and the water body after the collection and treatment of receipts water pipe (12) is discharged by rising pipe (4).

4, the undercurrent wet land purifying method of multiple-component filler matrix undercurrent wet land purifying and processing apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described wetland purification treating pond (10) is when moving in the winter time, before ice formation period, adjust control gate valve on the water inlet pipe (1) and the control gate valve on the rising pipe (4), control downstream tank (2) water body and up pond (3) water body into and out of flow, regulation of level in downstream tank (2) and up pond (3) to more than the filling substrate (14), is formed open fire on the top of downstream tank (2) and up pond (3); After treating that the top layer water surface freezes, again the water level of downstream tank (2) and up pond (3) is reduced to below the water distributor (11), formation air barrier below the ice face of the top of downstream tank (2) and up pond (3) and more than the water surface, reach the Winter protection effect, wetland purification treating pond (10) still normally moves purifying treatment sewage water body; Perhaps wetland purification treating pond (10) is when moving in the winter time, before ice formation period, adjust control gate valve on the water inlet pipe (1) and the control gate valve on the rising pipe (4), control wetland purification treating pond (10) water body into and out of flow, regulation of level in the wetland purification treating pond (10) to more than the filling substrate (14), is formed open fire on the top of wetland purification treating pond (10); After treating that the top layer water surface freezes, again the water level of wetland purification treating pond (10) is reduced to below the water distributor (11), formation air barrier below the ice face of the top of wetland purification treating pond (10) and more than the water surface, reach the Winter protection effect, wetland purification treating pond (10) still normally moves purifying treatment sewage water body.