CN103288312A - Portable combined constructed wetland purifying box for farmland drainage ditch - Google Patents
Portable combined constructed wetland purifying box for farmland drainage ditch Download PDFInfo
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- CN103288312A CN103288312A CN2013102830074A CN201310283007A CN103288312A CN 103288312 A CN103288312 A CN 103288312A CN 2013102830074 A CN2013102830074 A CN 2013102830074A CN 201310283007 A CN201310283007 A CN 201310283007A CN 103288312 A CN103288312 A CN 103288312A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a portable combined constructed wetland purifying box for a farmland drainage ditch. The portable combined constructed wetland purifying box is characterized in that a single portable combined constructed wetland purifying box frame is built through reinforcing steel bars, plastic plates and wire gauzes. The purifying box in the frame comprises a micro constructed wetland area, a biological cleaning ball area and an activated carbon adsorption area. Lateral sides of the single portable combined constructed wetland purifying box can be opened so as to facilitate regular replacing of fillers in the box. The portable combined constructed wetland purifying box is small in size, can be placed in the farmland drainage ditch conveniently and is convenient to move. A plurality of portable combined constructed wetland purifying boxes are connected in series and placed in the farmland drainage ditch, and farmland drainage water enters the boxes through water inlets of the purifying boxes and sequentially passes through the lower portions of the biological purifying ball areas, the activated carbon adsorption areas, the upper portions of the biological purifying ball areas and the micro constructed wetland areas to be purified and processed. The portable combined constructed wetland purifying box has the advantages of being capable of reducing the farmland non-point source pollution receiving water eutrophication degree and risks and reducing content of harmful substances such as heavy metal and pesticide residues in the farmland drainage so as to reduce damage of the harmful substances to receiving water aquatic organisms.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pollution of area source control techniques field, farmland, be specifically related to a kind of portable combined artificial wetland purifying box that can reduce nitrogen in the farmland drainage irrigation canals and ditches, phosphorus, organism, heavy metal and pesticide remnant substrate concentration.
Background technology
Use the destruction that chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals cause ecosystem internal structure in a large number, irrational in the agriculture production midium or long term, the pollution that pollutents such as nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metal, pesticide residue run off and to bring surface water and underground water water body has become the big source of pollution that are another main and that be ubiquitous of China's water quality.Nitrogen in the farmland drainage, phosphorus nutrition material are the major causes that causes the receiving water body eutrophication.The objectionable impuritiess such as residue of heavy metal and agricultural chemicals directly work the mischief to hydrobiont after entering water body, more seriously have some toxic substances can pass through the food chain enrichment, and the people or the poultry that are in a food chain high position are poisoned.Effectively nitrogen, phosphorus concentration are the key measures that reduces farmland pollution of area source receiving water body eutrophication degree in the pollution of area source of control farmland, and it is equally very important to reduce in the pollution of area source of farmland harmful substance contents such as heavy metal, pesticide residue simultaneously.
Farmland pollution of area source control techniques mainly contains artificial swamp technology, shore bank buffer strip control techniques, ecological channel purification techniques etc. at present.Artificial swamp technology and shore bank buffer strip control techniques are big because of its floor space, be difficult to adapt to the national conditions that China has a large population and a few land, aspect promotion and application, be subjected to restriction to a certain degree, especially economically developed people, particularly thorny regional this restriction even more serious.Ecological canal is a kind of ecological engineering technology that pollution substance in the farmland drainage irrigation canals and ditches is carried out the original position ecological intercepting, though preferably the landman, contradiction, 201010616311.2 the agricultural run-off pollution ecology of announcing interception irrigation canals and ditches are exactly wherein a kind of, but with the artificial swamp technology, that shore bank buffer strip control techniques has infrastructure project equally is many, the site operation complexity, problem such as management difficulty is big.In a word, the promotion and application situation of existing pollution of area source control techniques is unsatisfactory.
Do not need or the less infrastructure project of needs, on-the-spot easy for installation, it is still rare to be directly used in the shaped device system that in the irrigation canals and ditches farmland drainage is purified, number of patent application 201110036371.1 announces that a kind of method that makes up the farmland drainage ecological purification system is exactly wherein a kind of, by at farmland drainage irrigation canals and ditches end, oval ecological buffer zone is set before the farmland drainage culvert pipe, the easy absorption of N of plantation in ecological buffer zone, the waterplant of P nutritive element, farmland drainage ecological purification tube is set in the farmland drainage culvert, the ecological purification tube arranges the biopurification ring on the purifying tube.Farmland drainage this system that flows through is purified.But range of application is only applicable to the farmland ditch end has the draining culvert pipe, and treatment effect is subjected to the influence of draining culvert pipe length bigger, and it is only at the reduction problem of nitrogen and phosphorus content in the farmland drainage.Have harmful substance contents functions such as reducing in the pollution of area source of farmland nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metal, pesticide residue simultaneously and do not need infrastructure project, on-the-spot easy for installation, can be directly used in the technology that in the irrigation canals and ditches farmland drainage is purified and still belong to blank.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at farmland pollution of area source control problem, the portable combined artificial wetland case of a kind of farmland drainage ditch is proposed, by in the farmland drainage irrigation canals and ditches, putting portable combined artificial wetland purifying box, effectively control nitrogen, phosphorus concentration in the farmland drainage, thereby reduce farmland pollution of area source receiving water body eutrophication degree; Harmful substance contents such as heavy metal, pesticide residue are to reduce it to the hydrobiological harm of receiving water body in the minimizing farmland drainage.
Technical solution of the present invention: the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of farmland drainage ditch, it is characterized in that making up the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of monomer framework with reinforcing bar, plastic plate, wire netting, the purifying box in this framework comprises miniature artificial swamp district, biopurification ball district and charcoal absorption district;
Described miniature artificial swamp district is positioned at casing top, and this district comprises nitrogen, the tangible matrix 4 of phosphorus adsorption effect and waterplant 5;
Described biopurification ball district, be positioned at box house, occupy box house 2/3rds volumes, this district is designed to two parts up and down, the centre separates with plastic plate, so both increased the residence time of current, avoided again to increasing the farmland drainage residence time excavates shunt conduit or regulating sluice is set in irrigation canals and ditches infrastructure project; Two parts are evenly overworked nitrogen, phosphorus are held back the tangible biopurification ball of decontamination effect improving up and down;
Described charcoal absorption district, be positioned at box house, occupy box house 1/3rd volumes, this district is designed to the charcoal absorption box, and the charcoal absorption box is reached by reinforcing bar, plastic silk screen, plastic plate heavy metal, the tangible gac of pesticide residue objectionable impurities adsorption effect in the farmland drainage are constituted;
The lateral layout of the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of described monomer is the openable structure, with filler in the convenient periodic replacement case; The charcoal absorption box is designed to openable equally, to be convenient for changing gac wherein; The intake-outlet place is equipped with wire netting, stops up to prevent that bigger suspended substance from entering in the case;
During use, a plurality of portable combined artificial wetland purifying boxs are positioned in the farmland drainage irrigation canals and ditches, farmland drainage is entered by the purifying box water inlet, be purified processing through bottom, biopurification ball district, charcoal absorption district, top, biopurification ball district, miniature artificial swamp district successively, after microbial film on purifying box operation for some time biopurification ball wears out or charcoal absorption is satisfied, can easily the purifying box taking-up be handled respectively biopurification ball, gac and upgrade; During raining or farmland drainage overflow stage flow be to avoid stopping up that irrigation canals and ditches take out the purifying box in the farmland drainage irrigation canals and ditches and the drainability that do not influence irrigation canals and ditches when big.
Advantage of the present invention: (1) treatment effect is good, and miniature artificial swamp district and biopurification ball district in the purifying box have reduced nitrogen, phosphorus content in the pollution of area source of farmland, have reduced risk and the degree of receiving water body eutrophication; The charcoal absorption district has reduced harmful substance contents such as heavy metal, pesticide residue in the farmland drainage, has reduced it to the hydrobiological harm of receiving water body.(2) no infrastructure project, purifying box inside are divided into two parts up and down, make farmland drainage residence time in case increase, and having avoided like this is the infrastructure project of the increase farmland drainage residence time excavating shunt conduit in irrigation canals and ditches or regulating sluice being set; (3) maintenance management is convenient, after the microbial film on purifying box operation for some time biopurification ball wears out or charcoal absorption is satisfied, can easily the purifying box taking-up be handled at the same time or separately to biopurification ball, gac and upgrade.During raining or farmland drainage overflow stage flow be to avoid stopping up that irrigation canals and ditches can take out the purifying box in the farmland drainage irrigation canals and ditches and the drainability that do not influence irrigation canals and ditches when big; (4) making is simple, cheap, can realize batch production production, is not subjected to the restriction in time, season, place etc.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of monomer synoptic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of monomer sectional views.
Accompanying drawing 3 is biopurification ball suspension members.
Accompanying drawing 4 is charcoal absorption box sectional views.
Accompanying drawing 5 is that portable purifying box artificial swamp purifying box is put synoptic diagram.
1 is φ 10 reinforcing bars among the figure, the 2nd, and woven wire, the 3rd, plastic plate, the 4th, matrix, the 5th, waterplant, the 6th, miniature artificial swamp district, the 7th, biopurification ball suspension member, the 8th, biopurification ball, the 9th, plastic silk screen, the 10th, gac, the 11st, charcoal absorption box, the 12nd, φ 4 reinforcing bars, the 13rd, the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of monomer, the 14th, farmland drainage irrigation canals and ditches, the 15th, water eliminator.
Embodiment
The contrast accompanying drawing, the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of farmland drainage ditch, it is characterized in that making up the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of monomer framework with reinforcing bar, plastic plate, wire netting, change case in this framework comprises miniature artificial swamp district, biopurification ball district and charcoal absorption district, described miniature artificial swamp district is positioned at casing top, and this district comprises nitrogen, the tangible matrix 4 of phosphorus adsorption effect and waterplant 5;
Described biopurification ball district, be positioned at box house, occupy box house 2/3rds volumes, this district is designed to two parts up and down, the centre separates with plastic plate, so both increased the residence time of current, avoided again to increasing the farmland drainage residence time excavates shunt conduit or regulating sluice is set in irrigation canals and ditches infrastructure project; Two parts are evenly overworked nitrogen, phosphorus are held back the tangible biopurification ball of decontamination effect improving up and down;
Described charcoal absorption district, be positioned at box house, occupy box house 1/3rd volumes, this district is designed to charcoal absorption box 11, is reached heavy metal, the tangible gac 10 of pesticide residue objectionable impurities adsorption effect in the farmland drainage are constituted by reinforcing bar 1, plastic silk screen 9, plastic plate 3;
The lateral layout of the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of described monomer is the openable structure, with filler in the convenient periodic replacement case; The charcoal absorption box is designed to openable equally, to be convenient for changing gac wherein; The intake-outlet place is equipped with wire netting 2, stops up to prevent that bigger suspended substance from entering in the case;
During use, a plurality of portable combined artificial wetland purifying boxs are positioned in the farmland drainage irrigation canals and ditches, farmland drainage is entered by the purifying box water inlet, be purified processing through bottom, biopurification ball district, charcoal absorption district, top, biopurification ball district, miniature artificial swamp district 6 successively, after microbial film on purifying box operation for some time biopurification ball wears out or charcoal absorption is satisfied, can easily the purifying box taking-up be handled respectively biopurification ball, gac and upgrade; During raining or farmland drainage overflow stage flow be to avoid stopping up that irrigation canals and ditches take out the purifying boxs in the farmland drainage irrigation canals and ditches 14 and the drainability that do not influence irrigation canals and ditches when big.
Described matrix 4 is designed to comprise in the soil to the tangible slag of nitrogen phosphorus adsorption effect, and the matrix depth design is 15～20cm, and waterplant 5 is selected the Chinese celery economic plants.
Described biopurification ball district separates with plastic plate between two parts up and down, and biopurification ball suspension member 7 is cross bar with φ 10 reinforcing bars 1, is pole with φ 4 reinforcing bars 12, and biopurification ball 8 is together in series by pole.
Described plastic silk screen 9 is 1:2 or 2:1 with plastic plate 3 length ratio, can suitably increase the ratio of plastic silk screen when flow rate of water flow is excessive in the waterways, to increase discharge section area.
Described charcoal absorption box is of a size of 26.5cm * 80cm * 80cm or 26.5cm * 60cm * 60cm or 26.5cm * 40cm * 40cm.
Described purification casing is designed to 80cm * 80cm * 80cm or 80cm * 60cm * 60cm or 80cm * 40cm * 40cm.
Described plastic dam can adjust according to farmland drainage ditch current flow velocity, changes water-carrying section, flows through the hydraulic detention time in purifying box zone greater than 6 minutes to guarantee farmland drainage.
Upstream face plastic plate in the described plastic plate is higher than other dough model flitch 10～15cm, makes the outside water surface of purifying box be higher than the inner water surface in conjunction with water eliminator 15, provides hydraulic pressure for current enter purifying box.
Claims (8)
1. the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of farmland drainage ditch, it is characterized in that making up the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of monomer framework with reinforcing bar, plastic plate, wire netting, change case in this framework comprises miniature artificial swamp district, biopurification ball district and charcoal absorption district, described miniature artificial swamp district is positioned at casing top, and this district comprises nitrogen, the tangible matrix of phosphorus adsorption effect and waterplant;
Described biopurification ball district, be positioned at box house, occupy box house 2/3rds volumes, this district is designed to two parts up and down, the centre separates with plastic plate, so both increased the residence time of current, avoided again to increasing the farmland drainage residence time excavates shunt conduit or regulating sluice is set in irrigation canals and ditches infrastructure project; Two parts are evenly overworked nitrogen, phosphorus are held back the tangible biopurification ball of decontamination effect improving up and down;
Described charcoal absorption district, be positioned at box house, occupy box house 1/3rd volumes, this district is designed to the charcoal absorption box, and the charcoal absorption box is reached by reinforcing bar, plastic silk screen, plastic plate heavy metal, the tangible gac of pesticide residue objectionable impurities adsorption effect in the farmland drainage are constituted;
The lateral layout of the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of described monomer is the openable structure, with filler in the convenient periodic replacement case; The charcoal absorption box is designed to openable equally, to be convenient for changing gac wherein; The intake-outlet place is equipped with wire netting, stops up to prevent that bigger suspended substance from entering in the case;
During use, a plurality of portable combined artificial wetland purifying boxs are positioned in the farmland drainage irrigation canals and ditches, farmland drainage is entered by the purifying box water inlet, be purified processing through bottom, biopurification ball district, charcoal absorption district, top, biopurification ball district, miniature artificial swamp district successively, after microbial film on purifying box operation for some time biopurification ball wears out or charcoal absorption is satisfied, can easily the purifying box taking-up be handled respectively biopurification ball, gac and upgrade; During raining or farmland drainage overflow stage flow be to avoid stopping up that irrigation canals and ditches take out the purifying box in the farmland drainage irrigation canals and ditches and the drainability that do not influence irrigation canals and ditches when big.
2. the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of farmland drainage ditch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described matrix design is to comprise in the soil the tangible slag of nitrogen phosphorus adsorption effect, the matrix depth design is 15～20cm, and waterplant is selected the Chinese celery economic plants.
3. the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of farmland drainage ditch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described biopurification ball district separates with plastic plate between two parts up and down, biopurification ball suspension member is cross bar with φ 10 reinforcing bars, be pole with φ 4 reinforcing bars, the biopurification ball is together in series by pole.
4. the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of farmland drainage ditch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described plastic silk screen and the length ratio of plastic plate are 1:2 or 2:1, increase the ratio of plastic silk screen when flow rate of water flow is excessive in the waterways, to increase discharge section area.
5. the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of farmland drainage ditch according to claim 1 is characterized in that described charcoal absorption box is of a size of 26.5cm * 80cm * 80cm or 26.5cm * 60cm * 60cm or 26.5cm * 40cm * 40cm.
6. the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of farmland drainage ditch according to claim 1 is characterized in that described purification casing is designed to 80cm * 80cm * 80cm or 80cm * 60cm * 60cm or 80cm * 40cm * 40cm.
7. the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of farmland drainage ditch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described plastic dam can adjust according to farmland drainage ditch current flow velocity, change water-carrying section, flow through the hydraulic detention time in purifying box zone greater than 6 minutes to guarantee farmland drainage.
8. the portable combined artificial wetland purifying box of farmland drainage ditch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the upstream face plastic plate in the described plastic plate is higher than other dough model flitch 10～15cm, make the outside water surface of purifying box be higher than the inner water surface in conjunction with water eliminator, provide hydraulic pressure for current enter purifying box.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310283007.4A CN103288312B (en) | 2013-07-08 | 2013-07-08 | Portable combined constructed wetland purifying box for farmland drainage ditch |
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| CN201310283007.4A CN103288312B (en) | 2013-07-08 | 2013-07-08 | Portable combined constructed wetland purifying box for farmland drainage ditch |
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| CN103288312A true CN103288312A (en) | 2013-09-11 |
| CN103288312B CN103288312B (en) | 2014-04-02 |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103833184A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2014-06-04 | 河海大学 | Paddy field recession water purification device placed in ridge of field |
| CN104003574A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-08-27 | 河海大学常州校区 | Labyrinth-type ecological purification pool suitable for drainage ditch in farmland |
| CN104817188A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-08-05 | 天津市环境保护科学研究院 | Design method based on three-pollution load for subsurface constructed wetland |
| CN105464203A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-04-06 | 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所 | Interactive wet-deposition purification regulation and storage system |
| CN105948378A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-09-21 | 常州大学 | Farmland drainage ditch with built-in sewage purification system |
| CN107986384A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-05-04 | 河海大学 | A kind of roller shutter type farmland water-break pesticide clarifier based on photocatalytic degradation |
| CN108529778A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-09-14 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | The preposition purification system of agricultural run-off drain moduleization |
| CN108557922A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-09-21 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | The buried preposition purification system of farmland water-break |
| CN110143669A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-08-20 | 上海交通大学 | Modularization hard farmland drainage ditch ecological purifier |
| CN110482639A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-22 | 徐州工程学院 | A kind of device suitable for administering terraced fields pollution of area source |
| CN116332361A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-06-27 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for removing water body composite pesticide by utilizing duckweed-wood chip biochar |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103833184A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2014-06-04 | 河海大学 | Paddy field recession water purification device placed in ridge of field |
| CN104003574A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-08-27 | 河海大学常州校区 | Labyrinth-type ecological purification pool suitable for drainage ditch in farmland |
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| CN108557922A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-09-21 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | The buried preposition purification system of farmland water-break |
| CN110143669A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-08-20 | 上海交通大学 | Modularization hard farmland drainage ditch ecological purifier |
| CN110143669B (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2024-03-15 | 上海交通大学 | Ecological purifier of modularization stereoplasm farmland escape canal |
| CN110482639A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-22 | 徐州工程学院 | A kind of device suitable for administering terraced fields pollution of area source |
| CN116332361A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-06-27 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for removing water body composite pesticide by utilizing duckweed-wood chip biochar |
| CN116332361B (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2024-01-02 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for removing water body composite pesticide by utilizing duckweed-wood chip biochar |
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