CN101003441A - Organic waste and excrement treatment method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and device for executing aerobic ripening fermentative treatment to the livestock excrement and offal containing organic compounds by employing best ferment condition and efficiency machine. The invention provides an efficiency water evaporation method and an absorption natural fermentation method, which can establish ferment condition in a short time by employing lesser energy and boiler thereby processing ferment and desiccation procedures, to produce high quality organic fertilizer.

Description

Contain organic waste and excrement treatment method and device thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to utilize best fermentation condition and efficiency mechanical means to containing method and the device thereof that organic movement and waste carry out aerobic maturation fermentative processing, especially relate to a kind of organic waste and excrement treatment method and device thereof of containing, thereby it can utilize less energy and used heat also to form fermentation condition in the short period of time and effectively ferment and drying process production high-quality organism fertilizer.

Background technology

Also had in the past some devices and treatment process thereof effectively the handler movement such as fecaluria, tame animal manure and contain organic waste, and after handling production as the organic fertilizer and the pollution-free liquid fertilizer of by product.But in producing too much stench and repeated operation process, operational efficiency during the initial stage and duration of service, the long efficient of being brought failed to reach mathematical expectation, therefore can't effectively handle the movement of fecaluria, domestic animal and contain organic waste, and after treatment, can't produce as the organic fertilizer of by product and can only do discarded the processing.

The technical task that invention will solve

Along with continually developing of new technology, in the past the lag of equipment caused in the past treatment process and the non-efficiency of equipment.Through long various researchs and test, the problem of conventional art mainly contains: a series of engineering such as drying, fermentation, maturation is too complicated, variation and waste energy, so causes that its efficiency is low, the treatment time is long; Along with the working service of equipment causes operation rate low, and its equipment is confined to the processing of small-scale qualification domestic animal fertilizer, is not suitable for large-scale capacity and handles; In order to regulate raw-material water ratio, fail to induce the sensitization (being easy to transpiring moisture) of moisture and only adjust by too much moisture adjuster; Force to separate the solids and the liquid of fecaluria/waste, be difficult to eliminate fully the small seston that is blended in liquid, thereby need optional equipment to solve this problem; Because of raw-material high-density and high viscosity, the oxygen supply deficiency, thereby produce the alkaline fermentation of part, even whole raw-material anaerobically fermentings take place, this can cause too much malodorous generation and final by product is the problem of the downgrade of solid fertilizer and liquid fertilizer; The large quantity of moisture that contains in the livestock waste (85-95%) is difficult to evaporation, therefore the processing limit too much and frequently appears surpassing in liquid fertilizer turnout (producing 18-20TON during processing 30TON), cause dropping into and discharging the example of the violation control environmental pollution that is caused, the production of liquid fertilizer and processing are gone up and a lot of problems occurred in a word.

For addressing the above problem, the invention provides and contain organic waste and excrement treatment method and device thereof, its purpose is, can consume less energy generation goes out to apply fertilizer with high-quality organic fertilizer material and liquid fertilizer, owing under microorganism generation and fermentation condition, will produce obstacle to microorganism generation fermentation, so utilize best fermentation condition and efficiency mechanical means to carry out aerobic maturation fermentative processing to containing organic livestock products movement and waste as containing large quantity of moisture.Promptly, for evaporating the large quantity of moisture that contains in the livestock waste, adjusting the flute length time (10-12hr) in moisture evaporation circulates raw material and only evaporates moisture, therefore can produce that to contain abundant fertilizer material be the beneficial microorganism organic fertilizer, and most in the past equipment is main points with worker's method, but fail as direct production unit, therefore the running that the invention provides extensive capital equipment can provide various substantial data to the aerobic fermentation, contains organic waste and excrement treatment method and device thereof and provide.

The formation and the effect of invention

In the past, movement and waste can't evaporate large quantity of moisture and spue a large amount of liquid fertilizers under 50-60 ℃.For addressing this problem, the invention provides and to evaporate method and the device thereof that a large amount of pure water divide, heating system (System) promptly has been installed in addition, and has realized the heating of raw material and the evaporation of water vapour, by the evaporation of boiler used heat pipe (Duct) guiding drainage water steam by heating spiral.And method provided by the invention and device thereof can utilize special apparatus of oxygen supply and eddy current type whipping appts to come the supplied water evaporation of vapours time short oxygen and form the optimal conditions of fermentation of microbial activities, thereby and utilize swollen soft rice bran or sawdust to use the stirring load minimum as moisture adjuster, reduce the fault of equipment and improved raw-material fill rat to greatest extent.

Existing worker's method is to dilute in dull and stereotyped mode, dry starting material, and the present invention suitably pressurizes to starting material, by the enough oxygen of apparatus of oxygen supply supply, form boundary layer, clearly distinguish dry, fermentation, the boundary of maturation and make the operator grasp the maturation temperature, when discharging the material of too maturation, air gun (Air Gun) is set thus make it discharge smoothly to cause extracting and prevent sterilization (Dead) phenomenon that case (Casing) is inner when bad in the grottoes phenomenon, and the mobile extraction liquid fertilizer of natural guiding liquids, thereby solids then becomes thoroughly decomposed fully when being extracted and has improved the effect of fertilizer.Describe the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in detail.

Brief Description Of Drawings

Fig. 1 is engineering structure figure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an engineering synoptic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 adjusts the structure iron of groove for moisture evaporation of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structure iron of the absorption spontaneous fermentation device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structure iron of deodorizer;

Fig. 6 is the structure iron of the machine that becomes thoroughly decomposed automatically;

Fig. 7 is the sketch chart of the deodorizing composition driven rod of deodorization tower.

The nomenclature of＜accompanying drawing major portion 〉

1: organism storage tank 2: pump 3: moisture evaporation is adjusted groove

4: boiler 5: heating spiral (Heating Coil) 6: used heat (Gas Duct)

7: regenerative pump (Recycling Pump)

8: air blaster (Air Blaster)

9: absorption spontaneous fermentation groove 10: apparatus of oxygen supply 11: guiding boundary stirrer

12: liquid manure separator 13: liquid fertilizer storage tank 14: liquid fertilizer concentration adjustment groove

15: the automatic injector 16,17 of liquid fertilizer: worm conveyor

18: the solid fertilizer groove 19 that becomes thoroughly decomposed: machine 20 automatically becomes thoroughly decomposed: the solid fertilizer wrapping machine

21: deodorization fan 22: deodorization tower 23: start reducing motor

24: axle (Shaft) 25: vortex agitator 26: liquid fertilizer extraction tube

27: apparatus of oxygen supply 28: heating spiral (Heating Coil)

29: access hole 30: evaporation comb line 31: indicating meter (Indicator)

32: starter motor 33: deodorizer 34: motor

35,37: rotating brush 36: fuselage 38,38 ': sprocket wheel

39: chain 40: travelling rail 41: support

42: solid fertilizer 43: recycle pump 44: filtering layer

45: fog nozzle 46: suction fan

The present invention such as Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, after will containing organic waste and movement and putting into organism storage tank (1), under the effect of pump (2), enter into moisture evaporation and adjust groove (3), the heating spiral (5) of boiler (4) is heated to 80-90 ℃-6hr from normal temperature, simultaneously boiler (4) used heat (200-350 ℃) that originally is discharged in the atmosphere is turned (U-turn) to moisture evaporation adjustment groove interior (3), thereby internal temperature is risen, and the raw material of heating by used heat on tracheae (6) top (keeps 80 ℃ at regenerative pump (7), naturally eliminate deleterious pathogenic bacteria under startup 10-12hr) and only have useful microorganism, and rotating vortex formula stirrer (25) (5-10rpm) makes the raw material of heating evaporate moisture when being stirred.

In the stage that generates fertilizer, for making fermentation condition the best, guiding boundary stirrer (11) stirs with 3-5rpm, promotes the fermentation of microorganism by apparatus of oxygen supply (10).

Adjust groove (3) in moisture evaporation afterwards, make by pump (2) and to distribute the organism be sent to a plurality of absorption spontaneous fermentation grooves (9) and to remain on 55-60 ℃ temperature through the organism of 1 fermentation, adding moisture adjuster simultaneously is swollen soft rice bran or sawdust and organism and thermophilic fermentation kind microbial inoculum.

For preventing that leavening temperature from dropping to below 40 ℃, heat by heating spiral (28) at boiler (4) and to keep best fermentation condition (C/N20-30, pH6-8), and make organism remain on 55-60 ℃ through 1 fermentation, make high temperature kind bacterium leavening agent keep suitable optimum temps, and an amount of oxygen (per 1 kilogram of 2-4l/min) of apparatus of oxygen supply (10) supply, initial stage is according to the high temperature of self-heating maintenance more than 65 ℃ after process 72hr, temperature descends gradually subsequently, therefore reaches stable status.

At this moment general pathogenic bacteria descended will all be eliminated in 2-3 days 55-65 ℃ temperature, therefore only was suitable for the useful thermophilic fermentation kind bacterium survival of organism decomposition and carried out organic decomposition, and remaining harmful bacterium will be destroyed naturally.

Keep suitable temperature can most ofly eliminate pathogenic microbes, the final by product fertilizer that generates will become stabile fertilizer ordorless, no pathogenic bacteria.Be discharged in the liquid fertilizer storage tank (13) at the liquid that is filtered (Filtering) of absorption spontaneous fermentation groove (9) afterwards by deadweight pressurization, pressurization and guiding boundary stirrer (11) nature, and flowing into liquid fertilizer concentration adjustment groove (14), liquid fertilizer forms product by automatic liquid fertilizer implanter (15) subsequently.

The solids that generates in above-mentioned absorption spontaneous fermentation groove (9) is after extracting liquid fertilizer, heat (60-70 ℃) carries out the spontaneous fermentation of 72hr according to self fermenting, afterwards by worm conveyor (16,17) be discharged to the solid fertilizer groove (18) that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and utilize the machine (19) that becomes thoroughly decomposed automatically to become thoroughly decomposed 14-20 days, finish packing by solid fertilizer wrapping machine (20) subsequently and form afterwards product.

At this, used as the fermentation conditioning agent with coconut carbon (Cocopeat) in the past, but eliminated the drawback of waste full dose dependence import in the torrid areas after, especially because frequently find disease and insect in the import plant of the adhesion coconut husk charcoal or the peat composed of rotten mosses, now more and more be difficult to this raw material of import, therefore replace using with swollen soft rice bran and sawdust.

The swollen soft rice bran and the superior effect of sawdust are as follows:

The first, the moisture adjusting is one of very important key element in the fermenting process.Swollen its rate of water absorption of soft rice bran is 580%, can absorb moisture immediately and ferments rapidly, hardly poison gas can take place.The proterties of swollen soft rice bran is the form with superior absorbing power and moisture holding capacity, possesses with the buildings ability of its 6-7 times weight that is benchmark.

The second, have the soil granular rate of close association and the numerical value of porosity to be about having with the soil physics property improvement, swollen soft rice bran is 14.1% and 55%, and the ground rice bran is 13.8% and 54.9%.But the moisture conservation rate is that swollen soft rice bran is the highest, and investigation confirms to learn that it has the effect that reduces by 19% irrigation water (irrigation water reduce effect is 7% for grinding rice bran, straw 6%).

Three, has close environment.Swollen soft rice bran is to process with 200-250 ℃ high temperature, high pressure, so it can not only eliminate weed seed, parasite and various bacterium, and natural silica Sand matter composition is more than 80%, organic content is the close environment farming material more than 77%.The various compositions that it contains are more even, so crop culture do not have any damage, and can be used as organic fertilizer and reuse, and possess the soil with high improved effect.

Four, the particle of swollen soft rice bran is to be benchmark with 0.13mm, and its rate of water absorption is 231.99%, and the rate of water absorption of sawdust only is 285.8%.Because of the moisture content of livestock waste than higher, hole is few between the particle, uses bigger its better effects if of swollen soft rice bran.

Five, has close environment.Swollen soft rice bran is to process with 200-250 ℃ high temperature, high pressure, so it can not only eliminate weed seed, parasite and various bacterium, and natural silica Sand matter composition is more than 80%, organic content is the close environment farming material more than 77%.The various compositions that it contains are more even, so crop culture do not have any damage, and can be used as organic fertilizer and reuse, and possess the soil with high improved effect.

Six, the pH value that possesses the soil improvement of being suitable for.Plant generally easily adapts at the range content of slightly acidic pH 5.5-6.5, and its reason is that the availability of necessary nutrient is higher substantially in this scope.The pH value of swollen soft rice bran is about 6.7, be suitable for the improvement of acid soil, rate of water absorption, bulk specific weight numerical value are similar to sawdust, and the C/N ratio is lower than sawdust, therefore being judged as is the material that is suitable for the extensive use of chemical fertilizer of domestic animal dunghill, and compost that we can say swollen soft rice bran is in that the compost than sawdust is outstanding qualitatively.

＜table 1.Moisture is regulated material relatively 〉

Distinguish	Swollen soft rice bran	Sawdust
			Water ratio (%)	11-13％	35-40％
Rate of water absorption (%)	580％	285.8％
			Proportion	20mesh：0.25-0.3	10mesh：0.45-0.5
Fermenting speed	Carry out rapidly	Fermentation state is good
			pH	Be suitable for acid soil improvement, pH 6.7	PH?7.2
Quality	Water ratio is certain, and the sized particles degree is certain	Absorptivity is bigger, and the C/N ratio is higher
			Price	50-60 won/kg	80-90 won/kg

As mentioned above, manufacturing processed of the present invention is at first, and organic Litter and movement suction (Pumping) action in pump (2) that contains that is deposited in organism storage tank (1) enters into moisture evaporation adjustment groove (3) down automatically by entering the mouth.

For water ratio decline and stench, fan (21), liquid fertilizer storage tank (13) and absorption spontaneous fermentation groove (9) by the deodorizing of moisture evaporation adjustment groove (3) upper end and transmit, enter from beginning in early days to prevent that moisture evaporation adjustment groove (3) is interior.At this moment, put into swollen soft rice bran and sawdust (10-20%), microbial fermentation promotor simultaneously, under the state of the top condition (C/N than, pH) of fermentation to starting in addition power of reducing motor (23), starting material, swollen soft rice bran and microbial fermentation promotor all will be stirred uniformly with the direction of 3-5rpm upper and lower, left and right, supply the oxygen of per 1 kilogram of 2-4l/min by apparatus of oxygen supply (10) to organism and fermentation accelerant simultaneously, thereby guide best fermentation condition.

And, utilize the pressurization of special facture and guiding boundary to stir arbor (Shaft) (24), approximately with 0.3kg/cm by starting reducing motor (23) ³Starting material are pressurizeed, with 3-5rpm according to the time start 3hr, the mode that stops 30min carries out the intermittence running.

Especially, probiotics is more than under the checking fact that is harmful to bacterium in the cattle waste, with its based on the sterilization purpose, not as turn to the main subzero treatment (45-65 ℃) of carrying out with water activity, starting material are absorbed and spontaneous fermentation by swollen soft rice bran, at this moment putting into fermentation kind of a bacterium, the heating spiral (28) of boiler (4) are heated with this prevent that temperature from dropping to below 40 ℃, and put into compositions such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, boron, thereby allotment is suitable for the component content of each kind of plant.

This moment below form fermentation and maturation, and form the vacuum state of preparing for 2 drying processes up, self plays a role in filtering starting material, liquid is sent to liquid fertilizer storage tank (13) by liquid fertilizer extraction tube (26), the liquid fertilizer that flow into above-mentioned liquid fertilizer storage tank (13) is treated to be sent to liquid fertilizer concentration adjustment groove (14) after the maturation, after this concentrates with certain ratio, be packaged in the container, form the liquid fertilizer product.

Solids through maturation in 7 days passes through worm conveyor (16 simultaneously, 17) extract, be the long-time fertilizer component that keeps, solids is 20-30% with the water ratio, 0.5 particle discharge, and in solid fertilizer becomes thoroughly decomposed groove (18) after the initial keeping 3 days, by the upset mode of the machine that becomes thoroughly decomposed automatically (19), about 14-20 days, obtain utilizing solid fertilizer wrapping machine (20) to pack the formation product after complete ripeness and the drying with water ratio 15%.

The effect of invention

In sum, the invention provides a kind of method and device thereof that utilizes best fermentation condition and efficiency plant equipment to carry out aerobic maturation fermentation process to containing organic livestock excrement and discarded object, can utilize less energy and used heat also effectively to ferment and drying process along with forming fermentation condition in the short period of time.

According to this method and apparatus, can be more effectively (without release, ordorless, without detesting) process the livestock products discarded object, organic solid fertilizer and liquid fertilizer that can the production high-quality, and can effectively prevent water pollution and atmosphere pollution.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of organic waste and excrement treatment method of containing, it is characterized in that: have two stages, promptly, after will containing organic waste and movement and putting into organism storage tank (1), under the effect of pump (2), enter into moisture evaporation and adjust groove (3), and moisture evaporation is adjusted groove (3) provide for the boiler (4) that heats and to heating spiral (5) and used heat tracheae (200-350 ℃) (6) and promote regenerative pump (7) stage (10-12hr) that water vapour generates;

Provide organism is evenly distributed vortex agitator (25) (5-10rpm) and supply the apparatus of oxygen supply (27) of per 1 kilogram of 2-4l/min oxygen for the microbial survival optimum regime, utilization is adjusted groove (3) enters into a plurality of absorption spontaneous fermentation grooves (9) by the effect of pump (2) stage in order to check typotron (28) device of moisture decrement C/N (20-30), pH (6-8) in moisture evaporation.

2, organic waste and the excrement treatment method of containing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise with the next stage,

Containing organic waste and movement flow in the absorption spontaneous fermentation groove (9), heating spiral (5) by boiler (4) thus heat and prevent that leavening temperature from dropping to below 40 ℃, inner at absorption spontaneous fermentation groove (9) by apparatus of oxygen supply (10) (per 1 kilogram of 2-4l/min, allotment is suitable for the component content of each kind of plant when 72hr) putting into fermentation kind of bacterium, and the stage of carrying out 1 fermentation by organism and fermentation conditioning agent;

Utilize the oxygen supply of absorption spontaneous fermentation groove to carry out oxygenolysis and 2 fermentations, naturally eliminate harmful bacterium and only keep useful zymophyte, be discharged to liquid fertilizer storage tank (13) at absorption spontaneous fermentation groove (9) by deadweight pressurization, pressurization and the natural liquid being filtered of guiding boundary stirrer (11), and after liquid fertilizer concentration adjustment groove (14) carries out concentration adjustment, form the stage of product by the automatic injector of liquid fertilizer (15);

When above-mentioned absorption spontaneous fermentation groove can't be discharged solid fertilizer, start airdoxes (8) and make solid fertilizer pass through worm conveyor (16,17) evenly to be sent to solid fertilizer and to become thoroughly decomposed stage of groove (18);

That carries out that the short period of time becomes thoroughly decomposed becomes thoroughly decomposed the stage automatically;

Finish the stage that packing forms product afterwards by automatic solid fertilizer wrapping machine (20).

3, according to claim 1 and 2 described organic waste and the excrement treatment methods of containing, it is characterized in that: whole engineering can obtain fully handling at the movement of organism storage tank, moisture evaporation adjustment groove, a plurality of absorption spontaneous fermentation groove, the generation of liquid fertilizer storage tank and the stench and the obnoxious flavour of waste by deodorization tower (22).

4, a kind of organism and excrement processing device is characterized in that: possess in solid fertilizer becomes thoroughly decomposed groove (18) and help the machine that becomes thoroughly decomposed automatically (19) that the short period of time becomes thoroughly decomposed and actinomycetes generate, and possess the solid fertilizer wrapping machine and carry out the solid fertilizer packing.

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