CN100572855C - Coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism - Google Patents
Coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism, comprise casing, input shaft and output shaft, the axis of described input shaft and output shaft point-blank connects firmly one and drives annulus on the described input shaft, described driving annulus is provided with at least one pair of symmetrical radial direction through hole; Be fixedly connected with gear on the described output shaft, have a tooth bar push rod and described gear engagement at least, described tooth bar push rod is made of tooth bar and the push rod that is positioned at these tooth bar two ends, and described push rod passes the radial direction through hole on the described driving annulus respectively; The end of push rod is provided with roller; Be fixedly connected with the internal profile conjugate cam on the casing, the internal profile conjugate cam contacts with the roller that is positioned at the push rod end respectively.Indexing mechanism of the present invention needing can be widely used in that number of divisions scope is big, compact structure, rigidity is big, bearing capacity is high, in the automatic of the coaxial same rotating speed of input output, high speed indexing intermittent movement, as all kinds of machineries such as printing, packing, food, pottery, pharmacy and war industrys.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of indexing mechanism, relate in particular to a kind of indexing mechanism that is used to realize high speed interval movement.
Background technique
Indexing mechanism type commonly used at present has: cam indexing mechanism, ratchet, sheave and intermittent gearing mechanism etc.As everyone knows, ratchet, sheave and intermittent gearing mechanism since indexing accuracy is low, impact noise is big etc. shortcoming can only be applied in running speed and the not high occasion of calibration positioning accuracy request.And the cam type indexing mechanism owing to have high rotating speed, high-precision characteristics, has been widely used in the automatics such as various printings, weaving, medicine food packing, electronic parts and components assembling and army's construction machinery at present.
Indexing cam mechanism commonly used has three types, comprises ferguson cam mechanism, and cylindrical indexing cam mechanism and parallel indexing cam mechanism are as Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3.Wherein, the globoid cam indexing mechanism is developed (Roller Gear Drive by U.S. engineer C.N.Neklutin the beginning of the twenties, or Globoidal Indexing CamMechanism), at first carried out mass production by the solid rope company (Ferguson Machine Co.) of phenanthrene the fifties; Parallel indexing cam mechanism (Parallel Indexing Cam Mechanism) is by (the Commercial Cam﹠amp of american commerce cam manufacturing company; Machine Co.) develops, and unite manufacturing, introduce the beginning of the sixties such as Japan, Germany etc. by the said firm and luxuriant and rich with fragrance solid rope company.After this parallel graduated cam is developed rapidly in Japan.At present this series products has formed specialization, producing in serial form in flourishing technology country; China introduces this series products since the end of the seventies, at present surplus 10 enterprise of family form small batch production.
Above-mentioned three kinds of indexing mechanisms differ from one another, and are applicable to different applications respectively.As, parallel indexing cam mechanism is easy to realize little number of divisions transmission, can realize that the number of divisions is 1 intermittent movement, this is used widely in the die-cutting machine in printing, package packing machine field, but this kind structural type is difficult to realize big number of divisions transmission; Cylindrical indexing cam mechanism is fit to big number of divisions transmission, as in electric light sources detection and light fixture make-up machinery, often adopt the number of divisions more than 20, but when this kind structural type realizes big number of divisions transmission, the roller number of arranging on the index plate is more, system inertia is bigger, so can only be used for low-speed running.In these three types, the attainable number of divisions scope of ferguson cam mechanism is moderate, good combination property, and the indexing accuracy height can be realized 2000 calibration of per minute during high speed.
At present along with automatic to speed up, the exhibition of precise treatment direction, more and more higher to the requirement of indexing mechanism.Require indexing mechanism can realize the rotating speed requirement of bigger calibration number of times and Geng Gao for some application.Obviously, existing indexing cam mechanism has been difficult to satisfy the working condition requirement of this speed up, precise treatment, the new index mechanism that needs research and development can realize high speed interval movement.
As follows at the representative result of study of the design studies of high-speed dividing mechanism in recent years:
Nineteen ninety, Gonzalez-Palacios and J.Angeles are (referring to Gonzalez-Palacios and Angeles.J, in:TheGeneration of Contact Surface of Indexing Cam Mechanisms-A Unified Approach, ProcASME Design Automation Conference, Advances in Design Automation, Vol.2 (1990), p359.That is: Gonzalez-Palacios and Angeles.J. " a kind of indexing cam mechanism contact surface generate unified approach " The Automation Design branch of American Society of Mechanical Engineers (AMSE), Vol.2 (1990), p.359 proposed a kind of input in and can constitute sphere indexing cam mechanism at any angle, this kind form with output shaft
Having drawn together three kinds of indexing cam mechanisms commonly used at present, be the general type of these three kinds of structure indexing cam mechanisms, but the cam difficulty of processing is bigger, and complex structure does not obtain practical application.
1998, Nishioka and Nishimura are (referring to M.Nishioka and Nishimura.Synthesis of theInternal Parallel Cam Mechanism.Proceedings of the Institution of MechanicalEngineers, Part C:Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 1998 Vol.212577-585.That is: western Gang He Xi village (day), cam ring mechanism comprehensive. mechanical engineer association collected works, mechanical engineering science journal, C portion: 1998 Vol.212 577-585); Having proposed the general parameter design formula of a parallel indexing cam mechanism, provided the parallel indexing cam mechanism that adopts the cam ring internal connecting type in view of the above, is cam ring as the cam of driving link.The characteristics of this mechanism are that volume is less, minute of angle is bigger, but are subjected to strict geometric constraint during this mechanism design, and the parameter designing degrees of freedom is less, and its practical application is subjected to certain limitation.
Nineteen ninety-five, Zhang Ce etc. have proposed a kind of planet scale division cam structure of big number of divisions transmission of realizing (referring to Zhang Ce based on the principle of cycloid pin tooth transmission, works such as Yang Yuhu " plane planet scale division cam structure ", machine science and technology, 1996,15 (6): 871-873); Use for reference the kind of drive of three-ring type gear reduction unit, the new structure that proposes two kinds of planetary indexing cam mechanisms is also arranged.
In addition, based on the structural type of existing indexing cam mechanism, the structure shape that relevant scholar has also carried out by changing existing indexing cam mechanism driven member reaches the innovation research that improves the mechanism driving performance.
W.H.Wang etc. have proposed to adopt difformity rollers such as cylndrical surface, conical surface and the hyperboloid of revolution to carry out the design method of the wide face of index cam (referring to 1W.H.Wang, C.H.Tseng and C.B.Tsay.Surface Contact Analysisfor a Spatial Cam Mechanism.Journal of Mechanical Design[J], 1997, Vol.119,169-177.That is: king, old and Cai. a kind of curved surface contact analysis of spatial cam. the design of machinery [J], 1997, Vol.119,169-177), analyzed difform roller to avoiding EDGE CONTACT and the influence that reduces kinematic error, point out to adopt the roller of revising the hyperboloid of revolution will obtain optimum efficiency, and can reduce to make the adverse effect with assembly error to greatest extent.
Also have based on the enveloping worm wheel worm drive principle, ferguson cam mechanism is considered as the worm and gear transmission of gear ratio, propose a kind of enveloping worm formula ferguson cam mechanism Design Conception (referring to Tao Xueheng. the enveloping worm indexing cam mechanism theoretical with Study on Technology [Dalian University of Technology's thesis for the doctorate] 1997.3).
Other has, a kind of spherical envelope formula indexing cam mechanism has been proposed in the document, this kind spherical envelope formula is that the cylinder plate roller designs that will have now on the ferguson cam mechanism index plate is spherical steel ball, to improve the meshing characteristic of such indexing mechanism, (referring to Wang Qichao, Mu Dunhua " research of planar envelope ferguson cam mechanism profile equation and meshing characteristic " Machine Design, 1998 (5): 11-13).
Also have, proposed a kind of ferguson cam mechanism that adopts double roller in the document, this kind mechanism structure modern design, but increased the manufacture cost of index plate.(referring to (1) Ching-Huang Tseng, Wei-Han Wang, IndexingMechanism Using Pairs of Radially Disposed Rollers Engaged Between Ajacent CamRibs.Int.CL F16H27/04, US5960668A, Oct, 5,1999.That is: Chen Qinghua, Wang Weihan " between cam lobe crest, adopting the ferguson cam mechanism indexing mechanism of double roller to arrange " Int.CL F16H27/04, US5960668A, Oct, 5,1999 and (2) Wanghao, Zhang Ce " innovation of cam type indexing mechanism ", Machine Design, 2001,143 (9): 1-4).
The research thinking of above-mentioned indexing mechanism is generally still based on the transmission principle of existing indexing cam mechanism, by changing input, output shaft relative position in the space, or by changing the innovative design that the driven member shape realizes indexing mechanism.These researchs are for the product performance of improving existing indexing cam mechanism, the structural type of abundant existing indexing cam mechanism is significant, but can not fundamentally solve the problem that existing indexing cam mechanism is difficult to realize the big number of divisions or the transmission of high speed interrupted division.
Summary of the invention
In order to be difficult to realize the requirement of bigger calibration number of times and Geng Gao calibration rotating speed at three kinds of indexing cam mechanisms commonly used in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism, this indexing mechanism can overcome in the prior art that the number of divisions range of choice that three kinds of indexing cam mechanisms commonly used exist is little, relative volume is big, calibration number of times and the low defective of calibration rotating speed.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technological scheme that the present invention is achieved is: this coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism comprises casing, input shaft and output shaft, the axis of described input shaft and output shaft point-blank, connect firmly one on the described input shaft and drive annulus, described driving annulus is provided with at least one pair of symmetrical radial direction through hole; Be fixedly connected with gear on the described output shaft, have a tooth bar push rod and described gear engagement at least, described tooth bar push rod is made of tooth bar and the push rod that is positioned at these tooth bar two ends, and described push rod passes the radial direction through hole on the described driving annulus respectively; The end of described push rod is provided with roller; Be fixedly connected with the internal profile conjugate cam on the described casing, described internal profile conjugate cam contacts with the roller that is positioned at the push rod end respectively; Described pitch curve formula is:
In above-mentioned formula (1) and the formula (2): R is the pitch curve radius vector; L is that tooth bar push rod half is long; R is the gear compound graduation circle radius, in the formula (1) ± and the cam profile of corresponding two conjugation number respectively;
Be the input shaft corner; τ is the output shaft corner,
Dividing movement rule for output shaft expection realization; θ
hBe the traverse angle, n is the number of divisions, and d is the output ratio of Q-switching to free running;
Be imaginary unit.
Coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism of the present invention, wherein: all tooth bar push rods respectively along drive annulus radially or radial symmetric distribute.The rectangular structure of described tooth bar push rod.Described gear push rod and described through hole constitute sliding pair.Described cam and roller constitute the shape locking mode of cam mechanism.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism of the present invention had is:
(1) can realize the high speed indexing transmission.The same rotating speed of the input of coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism of the present invention and output shaft, promptly input shaft whenever circles, and output shaft can be finished n time calibration simultaneously.Three kinds of indexing cam mechanisms commonly used in this and the prior art, its input shaft output shaft that whenever circles is only realized the calibration difference 1 time.Therefore, compared with prior art under the identical situation of input shaft rotating speed, the attainable number of divisions is equivalent to n times of indexing cam mechanism commonly used to indexing mechanism of the present invention; In other words, it can realize being equivalent to the calibration function under the indexing cam mechanism n times rotating speed commonly used, thereby can realize the high speed indexing transmission.
(2) indexing accuracy height.The periodic inertia loading of its output shaft of all kinds of indexing mechanisms in the prior art is the principal element that causes its periodic speed fluctuation and vibration.And indexing mechanism of the present invention can effectively be applied to inertia loading on the member that connects firmly with casing in dividing movement, and by rationally choosing the degree that parameter of structure design can increase this mechanism's revesal self-locking, thereby can effectively suppress the speed fluctuation of input shaft.Therefore, new index mechanism has good dynamics, and can realize higher indexing accuracy.
(3) bearing capacity is big.Because indexing mechanism of the present invention adopts the layout of input shaft and output shaft coaxial line type, so compact structure.And by adopting the symmetrical structure layout, can realize that a plurality of members participate in the calibration transmission in design, therefore, its bearing capacity is big.
(4) indexing mechanism of the present invention is compared with three kinds of indexing cam mechanisms commonly used in the prior art, can utilize cabinet space to greatest extent, can design realization all scopes in theory, and the range of choice of other design parameters such as the output ratio of Q-switching to free running is wider from the little number of divisions to big number of divisions transmission.
In addition, indexing mechanism of the present invention indexing cam mechanism commonly used has the design flexibility of appropriateness.As for different applications, when realizing the calibration transmission of different parameters such as the number of divisions, the output ratio of Q-switching to free running as if need, only need redesign one of them critical component can realize, and need not to carry out the whole redesigns and the processing of mechanism.
In sum, because the characteristics with cam mechanism and gear rack transmission in the indexing mechanism of the present invention combine, thereby make whole indexing mechanism have input output coaxial line layout, compact structure, bearing capacity height, number of divisions scope and the output ratio of Q-switching to free running and can select to have realized the high speed indexing transmission arbitrarily, and have the characteristics of low cost of manufacture.Coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism of the present invention, needing can be widely used in that number of divisions scope is big, compact structure, rigidity is big, bearing capacity is high, input output are coaxial, in the automatic of high speed indexing intermittent movement, as all kinds of machineries such as printing, packing, food, pottery, pharmacy and war industrys.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic representation of ferguson cam mechanism in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the schematic representation of cylindrical indexing cam mechanism in the prior art;
Fig. 3 is a parallel indexing cam mechanism in the prior art;
Fig. 4-the 1st, the radially schematic representation of coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 4-the 2nd, the axial schematic representation of indexing mechanism shown in Fig. 4-1;
Fig. 5-the 1st, conjugate cam internal profile embodiment one schematic representation in the indexing mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 5-the 2nd, conjugate cam internal profile embodiment two schematic representation in the indexing mechanism of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism of the present invention is done and to be described in further detail.
Component and specification specified among Fig. 4-1 and Fig. 4-2: 1 casing, 2 input shafts, 3 output shafts, 4 drive annulus, 5 through holes (that is: guide passage), 6 gears, 7 tooth bar push rods, 71 tooth bars, 72 push rods, 8 rollers, 9 internal profiles, 10 conjugate cams.
Shown in Fig. 4-1 and Fig. 4-2, the structure of coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism of the present invention is: comprise casing 1, input shaft 2 and output shaft 3, the axis of described input shaft 2 and output shaft 3 is on same straight line, a fixedly connected annulus 4 on the described input shaft 2, described driving annulus 4 is provided with at least one pair of symmetrical radial direction through hole 5; Described output shaft 3 is provided with gear 6, have a tooth bar push rod and 6 engagements of described gear at least, described tooth bar push rod 7 is made of tooth bar 71 and the push rod 72 that is positioned at these tooth bar 71 two ends, and described push rod 72 parts are passed the radial direction through hole 5 on the described driving annulus 4 respectively; The end of described tooth bar push rod 7 is provided with roller 8; Be fixed with internal profile conjugate cam 10 on the described casing 1, described internal profile conjugate cam 10 contacts with the roller 8 that is positioned at tooth bar push rod 7 ends respectively, thereby constitutes the shape locking mode of cam mechanism.
During to coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism specific design of the present invention, consider related factors, such as inertial force and moment of inertia balance etc., can arrange a plurality of tooth bar push rods 7 symmetrically along radial direction as the driving annulus 4 of actuator, as when as described in the number of tooth bar push rod 7 greater than 1 the time, the position of all tooth bar push rods preferably distributes along the radial symmetric that drives annulus 4 respectively.Owing to adopt rectangular configuration can improve the strength and stiffness of push rod, improve its force-bearing situation, reduce the influence of error simultaneously, so the best rectangular configuration that this tooth bar push rod 7 is designed to seal to MECHANISM PRECISION.No matter the tooth bar push rod is designed to above-mentioned which kind of concrete structural type, all meets basic principle of the present invention.
The motion principle of coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism of the present invention is: when input shaft 2 rotates continuously, drive tooth bar push rods 7 by the driving annulus 4 that connects firmly with input shaft 2 and rotate continuously.Tooth bar push rod 7 is in continuous rotation process, shown in Fig. 4-2, roller 8 by its end is under the effect of conjugate cam profile AB section, move radially along the guide passage 5 directions generation that drives annulus 4, thereby promote the characteristics of motion realization indexing motion of gear 4 by expection by tooth bar 71 parts of tooth bar push rod 7.When the roller 8 of push rod 72 ends with by resting the cam profile BC section of requirement design when contact, then tooth bar 71 is being made pure rolling around central gear 6 in the rotation continuously, and gear 6 is realized resting in position.When input shaft 2 drive tooth bar push rods 7 are rotated further, periodically repeat above-mentioned movement process successively, form the continuous division motion of indexing mechanism of the present invention.
The dividing movement rule that output shaft expection when realizes according to the number of divisions, sound, according to following formula can with 10 designs of internal profile conjugate cam different, have satisfactory internal profile, the formula of two conjugate cam pitch curves is respectively:
In above-mentioned formula (1) and the formula (2): R is the pitch curve radius vector; L is that tooth bar push rod half is long; R is the gear compound graduation circle radius, in the formula (1) ± and the cam profile of corresponding two conjugation number respectively;
Be the input shaft corner; τ is the output shaft corner,
Dividing movement rule for output shaft expection realization; θ
hBe the traverse angle, n is the number of divisions, and d is the output ratio of Q-switching to free running;
Be imaginary unit.
As Fig. 5-1 and Fig. 5-2 is the embodiment of conjugate cam 10 profile lines 9, and cam profile 9 embodiments one shown in Fig. 5-1 are that parameter is number of divisions n=3, output ratio of Q-switching to free running d=1, and its dividing movement rule is the MS characteristics of motion; Cam profile 9 embodiments two shown in Fig. 5-2 are that parameter is number of divisions n=6, output ratio of Q-switching to free running d=3, and its dividing movement rule is the MCV characteristics of motion.
Coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism of the present invention has following characteristics:
(1) adopt the structural configuration mode of input and output shaft coaxial line, thereby can realize when input shaft rotates continuously, the output shaft interrupted division rotates.
(2) the dividing movement rule that output shaft expection when realizes according to the number of divisions, sound, the internal profile conjugate cam of designing of fixedlying connected with casing is a core technology of the present invention.
Radially move back and forth by driving tooth bar push rods 7 when (3) input shaft 2 rotates continuously, thereby the central gear 6 that the tooth bar 71 by the push rod middle part promotes on the output shafts 3 intermittently rotates by the characteristics of motion calibration of expection with the fixing driving annulus 4 of its axle head.
Adopt the critical component internal profile cam among numerically controlled processing equipment processing the present invention, can guarantee its machining accuracy; Add man-hour, can use for reference the production technology and the technological equipment of planetary speed reducer maturation, thereby guarantee design, processing and the assembling of indexing mechanism coaxial structure of the present invention, and can effectively reduce its manufacture cost.In addition, by the structural parameter of reasonably selecting indexing mechanism of the present invention, the design and the manufacturing tolerances of component, can guarantee that indexing mechanism of the present invention has higher calibration Location accuracy.
Although in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention has been carried out foregoing description; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment only is schematic; rather than it is restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; under the situation that does not break away from aim of the present invention and claim institute protection domain; can also make a lot of distortion; such as; even the number of divisions, sound when output shaft dividing movement rule are different; and design the indexing mechanism of different designs parameter, these all belong to the row of protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism, comprise casing, input shaft and output shaft, it is characterized in that: the axis of described input shaft and output shaft point-blank connects firmly one and drives annulus on the described input shaft, described driving annulus is provided with at least one pair of symmetrical radial direction through hole; Be fixedly connected with gear on the described output shaft, have a tooth bar push rod and described gear engagement at least, described tooth bar push rod is made of tooth bar and the push rod that is positioned at these tooth bar two ends, and described push rod passes the radial direction through hole on the described driving annulus respectively; The end of described push rod is provided with roller; Be fixedly connected with the internal profile conjugate cam on the described casing, described internal profile conjugate cam contacts with the roller that is positioned at the push rod end respectively; Described two conjugate cam pitch curve formula are respectively:
In above-mentioned formula (1) and the formula (2): R is the cam profile radius vector; L is that tooth bar push rod half is long; R is the gear compound graduation circle radius, in the formula (1) ± and the cam profile of corresponding two conjugation number respectively;
Be the input shaft corner; τ is the output shaft corner,
Dividing movement rule for output shaft expection realization; θ
hBe the traverse angle, n is the number of divisions, and d is the output ratio of Q-switching to free running;
Be imaginary unit.
2. coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: all tooth bar push rods respectively along drive annulus radially or radial symmetric distribute.
3. coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the rectangular structure of described push rod.
4. coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described tooth bar push rod and described through hole constitute sliding pair.
5. coaxial rack-and-pinion high speed index mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described cam and roller constitute the shape locking mode of cam mechanism.
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| CN107524571A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2017-12-29 | 宁夏运达风电有限公司 | Wind generator set main shaft transmission chain plate dynamic positioning system |
| CN110005756A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-07-12 | 陕西科技大学 | Intrados cam mechanism turn device |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3835717A (en) * | 1973-04-05 | 1974-09-17 | R Rudolph | Gearless intermittent motion device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3835717A (en) * | 1973-04-05 | 1974-09-17 | R Rudolph | Gearless intermittent motion device |
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