CN100545485C - Coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism - Google Patents
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- CN100545485C CN100545485C CNB2008100524942A CN200810052494A CN100545485C CN 100545485 C CN100545485 C CN 100545485C CN B2008100524942 A CNB2008100524942 A CN B2008100524942A CN 200810052494 A CN200810052494 A CN 200810052494A CN 100545485 C CN100545485 C CN 100545485C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism, comprise casing, input shaft and output shaft, the axis of described input shaft and output shaft point-blank connects firmly one and drives annulus on the described input shaft, described driving annulus is provided with at least one pair of symmetrical radial direction through hole; Be fixedly connected with eccentric wheel on the described output shaft; Be fixedly connected with the internal profile conjugate cam on the described casing; Be respectively arranged with push rod in the radial direction through hole of described every pair of symmetry, the two ends of described push rod contact with the internal profile conjugate cam with eccentric wheel respectively; Be flat-bottom structure with the eccentric wheel contact jaw on the described push rod; Be provided with roller with internal profile conjugate cam contact jaw on the described push rod.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of indexing mechanism, relate in particular to a kind of indexing mechanism that is used to realize high speed interval movement.
Background technique
Indexing mechanism type commonly used at present has: cam indexing mechanism, ratchet, sheave and intermittent gearing mechanism etc.As everyone knows, ratchet, sheave and intermittent gearing mechanism since indexing accuracy is low, impact noise is big etc. shortcoming can only be applied in running speed and the not high occasion of calibration positioning accuracy request.And the cam type indexing mechanism owing to have high rotating speed, high-precision characteristics, has been widely used in the automatics such as various printings, weaving, medicine food packing, electronic parts and components assembling and army's construction machinery at present.
Indexing cam mechanism commonly used has three types, comprises ferguson cam mechanism, and cylindrical indexing cam mechanism and parallel indexing cam mechanism are as Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3.Wherein, the globoid cam indexing mechanism is developed (Roller Gear Drive by U.S. engineer C.N.Neklutin the beginning of the twenties, or Globoidal Indexing CamMechanism), at first carried out mass production by the solid rope company (Ferguson Machine Co.) of phenanthrene the fifties; Parallel indexing cam mechanism (Parallel Indexing Cam Mechanism) is by (the Commercial Cam ﹠amp of american commerce cam manufacturing company; Machine Co.) develops, and unite manufacturing, introduce the beginning of the sixties such as Japan, Germany etc. by the said firm and luxuriant and rich with fragrance solid rope company.After this parallel graduated cam is developed rapidly in Japan.At present this series products has formed specialization, producing in serial form in flourishing technology country; China introduces this series products since the end of the seventies, at present surplus 10 enterprise of family form small batch production.
Above-mentioned three kinds of indexing mechanisms differ from one another, and are applicable to different applications respectively.As, parallel indexing cam mechanism is easy to realize little number of divisions transmission, can realize that the number of divisions is 1 intermittent movement, this is used widely in the die-cutting machine in printing, package packing machine field, but this kind structural type is difficult to realize big number of divisions transmission; Cylindrical indexing cam mechanism is fit to big number of divisions transmission, as in electric light sources detection and light fixture make-up machinery, often adopt the number of divisions more than 20, but when this kind structural type realizes big number of divisions transmission, the roller number of arranging on the index plate is more, system inertia is bigger, so can only be used for low-speed running.In these three types, the attainable number of divisions scope of ferguson cam mechanism is moderate, good combination property, and the indexing accuracy height can be realized 2000 calibration of per minute during high speed.
At present along with automatic to speed up, the exhibition of precise treatment direction, more and more higher to the requirement of indexing mechanism.Require indexing mechanism can realize the rotating speed requirement of bigger calibration number of times and Geng Gao for some application.Obviously, existing indexing cam mechanism has been difficult to satisfy the working condition requirement of this speed up, precise treatment, the new index mechanism that needs research and development can realize high speed interval movement.
As follows at the representative result of study of the design studies of high-speed dividing mechanism in recent years:
Nineteen ninety, Gonzalez-Palacios and J.Angeles are (referring to Gonzalez-Palacios and Angeles.J, in:The Generation of Contact Surface of Indexing Cam Mechanisms-A UnifiedApproach, Proc ASME Design Automation Conference, Advances in Design Automation, Vol.2 (1990), p359.That is: Gonzalez-Palacios and Angeles.J " a kind of indexing cam mechanism contact surface generate unified approach " The Automation Design branch of American Society of Mechanical Engineers (AMSE), Vol.2 (1990), p.359 proposed a kind of input in and can constitute sphere indexing cam mechanism at any angle with output shaft, this kind form has been summarized three kinds of indexing cam mechanisms commonly used at present, it is the general type of these three kinds of structure indexing cam mechanisms, but the cam difficulty of processing is bigger, complex structure does not obtain practical application.
1998, Nishioka and Nishimura are (referring to M.Nishioka and Nishimura.Synthesis of theInternal Parallel Cam Mechanism.Proceedings of the Institution of MechanicalEngineers, Part C:Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 1998 Vol.212577-585 are western Gang He Xi village (day), " cam ring mechanism comprehensive " mechanical engineer association collected works, the mechanical engineering science journal, C portion: 1998 Vol.212577-585); Having proposed the general parameter design formula of a parallel indexing cam mechanism, provided the parallel indexing cam mechanism that adopts the cam ring internal connecting type in view of the above, is cam ring as the cam of driving link.The characteristics of this mechanism are that volume is less, minute of angle is bigger, but are subjected to strict geometric constraint during this mechanism design, and the parameter designing degrees of freedom is less, and its practical application is subjected to certain limitation.
Nineteen ninety-five, Zhang Ce etc. have proposed a kind of planet scale division cam structure of big number of divisions transmission of realizing (referring to Zhang Ce based on the principle of cycloid pin tooth transmission, works such as Yang Yuhu " plane planet scale division cam structure ", machine science and technology, 1996,15 (6): 871-873); Use for reference the kind of drive of three-ring type gear reduction unit, the new structure that proposes two kinds of planetary indexing cam mechanisms is also arranged.
In addition, based on the structural type of existing indexing cam mechanism, the structure shape that relevant scholar has also carried out by changing existing indexing cam mechanism driven member reaches the innovation research that improves the mechanism driving performance.
W.H.Wang etc. have proposed to adopt difformity rollers such as cylndrical surface, conical surface and the hyperboloid of revolution to carry out the design method of the wide face of index cam (referring to 1W.H.Wang, C.H.Tseng and C.B.Tsay.Surface Contact Analysisfor a Spatial Cam Mechanism.Journal of Mechanical Design[J], 1997, Vol.119,169-177.That is: the design [J] of king, old and Cai's " a kind of curved surface contact analysis of spatial cam " machinery, 1997, Vol.119,169-177), analyzed difform roller to avoiding EDGE CONTACT and the influence that reduces kinematic error, point out to adopt the roller of revising the hyperboloid of revolution will obtain optimum efficiency, and can reduce to make the adverse effect with assembly error to greatest extent.
Also have based on the enveloping worm wheel worm drive principle, ferguson cam mechanism is considered as the worm and gear transmission of gear ratio, a kind of Design Conception (referring to Tao Xueheng " enveloping worm indexing cam mechanism theory and Study on Technology ", Dalian University of Technology's thesis for the doctorate 1997.3) of enveloping worm formula ferguson cam mechanism is proposed.
Other has, a kind of spherical envelope formula indexing cam mechanism has been proposed in the document, this kind spherical envelope formula is that the cylinder plate roller designs that will have now on the ferguson cam mechanism index plate is spherical steel ball, to improve the meshing characteristic of such indexing mechanism, (referring to Wang Qichao, Mu Dunhua " research of planar envelope ferguson cam mechanism profile equation and meshing characteristic " Machine Design, 1998 (5): 11-13).
Also have, proposed a kind of ferguson cam mechanism that adopts double roller in the document, this kind mechanism structure modern design, but increased the manufacture cost of index plate.(referring to (1) Ching-Huang Tseng, Wei-Han Wang, IndexingMechanism Using Pairs of Radially Disposed Rollers Engaged Between Ajacent CamRibs.Int.CL F16H27/04, US5960668A, Oct, 5,1999.That is: Chen Qinghua, Wang Weihan " between cam lobe crest, adopting the ferguson cam mechanism indexing mechanism of double roller to arrange " Int.CL F16H27/04, US5960668A, Oct, 5,1999 and (2) Wanghao, Zhang Ce " innovation of cam type indexing mechanism ", Machine Design, 2001,143 (9): 1-4).
The research thinking of above-mentioned indexing mechanism is generally still based on the transmission principle of existing indexing cam mechanism, by changing input, output shaft relative position in the space, or by changing the innovative design that the driven member shape realizes indexing mechanism.These researchs are for the product performance of improving existing indexing cam mechanism, the structural type of abundant existing indexing cam mechanism is significant, but can not fundamentally solve the problem that existing indexing cam mechanism is difficult to realize the big number of divisions or the transmission of high speed interrupted division.
Summary of the invention
In order to be difficult to realize the requirement of bigger calibration number of times and Geng Gao calibration rotating speed at three kinds of indexing cam mechanisms commonly used in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism, this novel high-speed dividing mechanism can overcome in the prior art that the number of divisions range of choice that three kinds of indexing cam mechanisms commonly used exist is little, relative volume is big, calibration number of times and the low defective of calibration rotating speed.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technological scheme that the present invention is achieved is: this coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism comprises casing, input shaft and output shaft, the axis of described input shaft and output shaft point-blank, connect firmly one on the described input shaft and drive annulus, described driving annulus is provided with at least one pair of symmetrical radial direction through hole; Be fixedly connected with eccentric wheel on the described output shaft; Be fixedly connected with the internal profile conjugate cam on the described casing; Be respectively arranged with push rod in the radial direction through hole of described every pair of symmetry, the two ends of described push rod contact with the internal profile conjugate cam with eccentric wheel respectively; Be flat-bottom structure with the eccentric wheel contact jaw on the described push rod; Be provided with roller with internal profile conjugate cam contact jaw on the described push rod; Described pitch curve formula is:
In above-mentioned formula (1) and the formula (2): R is the pitch curve radius vector, and e is the eccentric wheel throw of eccentric, and r is an eccentric radius, and l is a push rod length, in the formula (1) ± and the cam profile of corresponding two conjugation number respectively;
Be the input shaft corner, τ is the output shaft corner,
Be the dividing movement rule that the output shaft expection realizes, τ
0Initial position angle for output shaft; θ
hBe the traverse angle, n is the number of divisions, and d is the output ratio of Q-switching to free running.
Coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism of the present invention, wherein, described push rod distributes along the radial symmetric that drives annulus respectively along radially direct that drives annulus or described push rod respectively.The number of described push rod is two, is the rectangular configuration of sealing.Described push rod and described through hole constitute sliding pair.The roller of described cam and push rod end constitutes the shape locking mode of cam mechanism.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism of the present invention had is:
(1) can realize the high speed indexing transmission.The same rotating speed of the input of coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism of the present invention and output shaft, promptly input shaft whenever circles, and output shaft can be finished n time calibration simultaneously.Three kinds of indexing cam mechanisms commonly used in this and the prior art, its input shaft output shaft that whenever circles is only realized the calibration difference 1 time.Therefore, compared with prior art under the identical situation of input shaft rotating speed, the attainable number of divisions is equivalent to n times of indexing cam mechanism commonly used to indexing mechanism of the present invention; In other words, it can realize being equivalent to the calibration function under the indexing cam mechanism n times rotating speed commonly used, thereby can realize the high speed indexing transmission.
(2) indexing accuracy height.The periodic inertia loading of its output shaft of all kinds of indexing mechanisms in the prior art is the principal element that causes its periodic speed fluctuation and vibration.And indexing mechanism of the present invention can effectively be applied to inertia loading on the member that connects firmly with casing in dividing movement, and by rationally choosing the degree that parameter of structure design can increase this mechanism's revesal self-locking, thereby can effectively suppress the speed fluctuation of input shaft.Therefore, indexing mechanism of the present invention has good dynamics, and can realize higher indexing accuracy.
(3) bearing capacity is big.Because indexing mechanism of the present invention adopts the layout of input shaft and output shaft coaxial line type, so compact structure.And by adopting the symmetrical structure layout, can realize that a plurality of members participate in the calibration transmission in design, therefore, its bearing capacity is big.
(4) indexing mechanism of the present invention is compared with three kinds of indexing cam mechanisms commonly used in the prior art, can utilize cabinet space to greatest extent, can design realization all scopes in theory, and the range of choice of other design parameters such as the output ratio of Q-switching to free running is wider from the little number of divisions to big number of divisions transmission.
In addition, indexing mechanism of the present invention indexing cam mechanism commonly used has the design flexibility of appropriateness.As for different applications, when realizing the calibration transmission of different parameters such as the number of divisions, the output ratio of Q-switching to free running as if need, only need redesign one of them critical component can realize, and need not to carry out the whole redesigns and the processing of mechanism.
In sum, because the characteristics with cam mechanism and eccentric wheel transmission in the indexing mechanism of the present invention combine, thereby make whole indexing mechanism have input output coaxial line layout, compact structure, bearing capacity height, number of divisions scope and the output ratio of Q-switching to free running and can select to have realized the high speed indexing transmission arbitrarily, and have the characteristics of low cost of manufacture.Coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism of the present invention, needing can be widely used in that number of divisions scope is big, compact structure, rigidity is big, bearing capacity is high, input output are coaxial, in the automatic of high speed indexing intermittent movement, as all kinds of machineries such as printing, packing, food, pottery, pharmacy and war industrys.
Description of drawings
The schematic representation of ferguson cam mechanism in Fig. 1 prior art;
The schematic representation of cylindrical indexing cam mechanism in Fig. 2 prior art;
The schematic representation of parallel indexing cam mechanism in Fig. 3 prior art;
Fig. 4-the 1st, the radially schematic representation of coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 4-the 2nd, the axial schematic representation of coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 5-the 1st, conjugate cam internal profile embodiment one schematic representation in the indexing mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 5-the 2nd, conjugate cam internal profile embodiment two schematic representation in the indexing mechanism of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism of the present invention is done and to be described in further detail.
Component and specification specified among Fig. 4-1 and Fig. 4-2: 1 casing, 2 input shafts, 3 output shafts, 4 drive annulus, 5 through holes (that is: guide passage), 6 eccentric wheels, 7 flat push rods, 8 rollers, 9 internal profiles, 10 conjugate cams.
Shown in Fig. 4-1 and Fig. 4-2, the structure of coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism of the present invention is: comprise casing 1, input shaft 2 and output shaft 3, the axis of described input shaft 2 and output shaft 3 point-blank, connect firmly one on the described input shaft 2 and drive annulus 4, described driving annulus 4 is provided with at least one pair of symmetrical radial direction through hole 5; Be fixedly connected with eccentric wheel 6 on the described output shaft 3; Be fixedly connected with internal profile conjugate cam 10 on the described casing 1; Be respectively arranged with push rod in the radial direction through hole 5 of described every pair of symmetry, the two ends of described push rod contact with conjugate cam internal profile 9 with eccentric wheel 6 respectively; Be flat-bottom structure with eccentric wheel 6 contact jaws on the described push rod, the push rod in the present embodiment is flat push rod 7, and the end that contacts with conjugate cam internal profile 9 on the described flat push rod 7 is provided with roller 8.
During to coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism specific design of the present invention, consider related factors, such as inertial force and moment of inertia balance etc., can arrange a plurality of flat push rods 7 symmetrically along radial direction as the driving annulus 4 of actuator, as when as described in the number of flat push rod 7 greater than 1 the time, the position of all flat push rods 7 preferably distributes along the radial symmetric that drives annulus 4 respectively.When the number of described flat push rod 7 is two, owing to adopt rectangular configuration can improve the strength and stiffness of push rod, improve its force-bearing situation, reduce the influence of error simultaneously, so the best rectangular configuration that it is designed to seal to MECHANISM PRECISION.
From Fig. 4-1 and Fig. 4-2, can draw, because coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism of the present invention adopts the structural configuration mode of input, output shaft coaxial line, therefore, along the guide passage effect that the through hole 5 that drives annulus 4 radial arrangement serves as flat push rod 7, this guide passage 5 constitutes sliding pair with flat push rod 7.The internal profile 9 of conjugate cam contacts with the roller 8 at flat push rod 7 two end part respectively, thereby constitutes the shape locking mode of cam mechanism.
The motion principle of coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism of the present invention is: shown in Fig. 4-2, when input shaft 2 rotates continuously, drive flat push rod 7 by the driving annulus 4 that connects firmly with input shaft 2 and begin continuous rotation by initial position A.Flat push rod 7 is in continuous rotation process, roller 8 by its end is under the effect of conjugate cam profile AB section, move radially along guide passage (through hole 5) the direction generation that drives annulus 4, thereby realize the indexing motion by the characteristics of motion of expecting by the flat promotion eccentric wheel 6 of flat push rod 7.When the roller 8 of push rod end with by resting the cam profile BC section of requirement design when contact, produce to the direction that deviates from the axle center and move radially, at this moment, the flat and eccentric wheel 6 of flat push rod 7 keeps in touch, and keeps eccentric wheel 6 realizations and rest.In this one division intermittent movement process, another flat push rod 7 passes through the roller 8 of its end under the effect of conjugate cam 10 profile lines 9, edge driving annulus 4 radially guide passage 5 moves radially to deviating from the axis direction generation, be used for oppositely stoping eccentric wheel 6 to realize indexing, thereby constitute the shape locking mode of this mechanism.When the flat push rod 7 of input shaft 2 drives is rotated further, periodically repeat above-mentioned movement process successively, form the continuous division motion of mechanism.
The dividing movement rule that output shaft expection when realizes according to the number of divisions, sound, can with 10 designs of internal profile conjugate cam different, have satisfactory internal profile, design two conjugate cam pitch curves according to following formula:
In above-mentioned formula (1) and the formula (2): R is the pitch curve radius vector, and e is the eccentric wheel throw of eccentric, and r is an eccentric radius, and l is a push rod length, in the formula (1) ± and the cam profile of corresponding two conjugation number respectively;
Be the input shaft corner, τ is the output shaft corner,
Be the dividing movement rule that the output shaft expection realizes, τ
0Initial position angle for output shaft; θ
hBe the traverse angle, n is the number of divisions, and d is the output ratio of Q-switching to free running.
As Fig. 5-1 and Fig. 5-2 is the embodiment of conjugate cam 10 profile lines 9, and cam profile 9 embodiments one shown in Fig. 5-1 are that parameter is number of divisions n=3, output ratio of Q-switching to free running d=1, and its dividing movement rule is the MS characteristics of motion; Cam profile 9 embodiments two shown in Fig. 5-2 are that parameter is number of divisions n=6, output ratio of Q-switching to free running d=3, and its dividing movement rule is the MCV characteristics of motion.
Coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism of the present invention has following characteristics:
(1) adopts the structural configuration mode of input shaft 2 and output shaft 3 coaxial lines, thereby can realize that output shaft 3 interrupted divisions rotate when input shaft 2 rotates continuously.
(2) the dividing movement rule that output shaft expection when realizes according to the number of divisions, sound, the internal profile conjugate cam of designing 10 of fixedlying connected with casing 1 is a core technology of the present invention.
Radially move back and forth by driving flat push rod 7 when (3) input shaft 2 rotates continuously with the fixing driving annulus 4 of its axle head, thereby by the characteristics of motion calibration rotation of the eccentric wheel on the flat promotion output shaft 3 of flat push rod 76 by expection.
Adopt the critical component internal profile cam among numerically controlled processing equipment processing the present invention, can guarantee its machining accuracy; Add man-hour, can use for reference the production technology and the technological equipment of planetary speed reducer maturation, thereby guarantee design, processing and the assembling of indexing mechanism coaxial structure of the present invention, and can effectively reduce its manufacture cost.In addition, by the structural parameter of reasonably selecting indexing mechanism of the present invention, the design and the manufacturing tolerances of component, can guarantee that indexing mechanism of the present invention has higher calibration Location accuracy.
Although in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention has been carried out foregoing description; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment only is schematic; rather than it is restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; under the situation that does not break away from aim of the present invention and claim institute protection domain; can also make a lot of distortion; such as; even the number of divisions, sound when output shaft dividing movement rule are different; and design the indexing mechanism of different designs parameter, these all belong to the row of protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism, comprise casing, input shaft and output shaft, it is characterized in that: the axis of described input shaft and output shaft point-blank connects firmly one and drives annulus on the described input shaft, described driving annulus is provided with at least one pair of symmetrical radial direction through hole; Be fixedly connected with eccentric wheel on the described output shaft; Be fixedly connected with the internal profile conjugate cam on the described casing, the formula of described conjugate cam pitch curve is:
In above-mentioned formula (1) and the formula (2): R is the pitch curve radius vector, and e is the eccentric wheel throw of eccentric, and r is an eccentric radius, and l is a push rod length, in the formula (1) ± and the cam profile of corresponding two conjugation number respectively;
Be the input shaft corner, τ is the output shaft corner,
Be the dividing movement rule that the output shaft expection realizes, τ
0Initial position angle for output shaft; θ
hBe the traverse angle, n is the number of divisions, and d is the output ratio of Q-switching to free running;
Be respectively arranged with push rod in the radial direction through hole of described every pair of symmetry, the two ends of described push rod contact with the internal profile conjugate cam with eccentric wheel respectively; Be flat-bottom structure with the eccentric wheel contact jaw on the described push rod; Be provided with roller with internal profile conjugate cam contact jaw on the described push rod.
2. coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described push rod distributes along the radial symmetric that drives annulus respectively along radially direct that drives annulus or described push rod respectively.
3. coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the number of described push rod is two, is the rectangular configuration of sealing.
4. coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described push rod and described through hole constitute sliding pair.
5. coaxial eccentric wheel high-speed dividing mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the roller of described cam and push rod end constitutes the shape locking mode of cam mechanism.
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| US8377249B2 (en) | 2009-04-03 | 2013-02-19 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Appraratus and method for providing a localized speed variance of an advancing substrate |
| CN101705983B (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2012-01-04 | 天津大学 | High-speed dividing mechanism of back connection type cam connecting rod |
| CN102806581B (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2014-11-12 | 山东信川机械有限责任公司 | Intermittent mechanism of reciprocating creasing and die-cutting machine |
| US9144624B2 (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2015-09-29 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method for providing a localized dwell in an advancing web |
| CN106275521A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-01-04 | 上海航天控制技术研究所 | A kind of mechanical arm deceleration articulation structure |
| CN110056625A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2019-07-26 | 李拓 | Ratchet driving stepless transmission |
| CN109221948A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-18 | 安徽食亿鲜食品有限公司 | A kind of characteristic fermentation natto composite seasoning sauce and its processing technology |
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